河南省名校2025届高三英语上学期10月联考试题含解析

PAGEPAGE1河南省名校2025届高三英语上学期10月联考试题（含解析）留意事项：1.本试卷分为四部分。2.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在本试卷相应的位置。3.全部答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。4.本试卷满分150分，测试时间120分钟。5.考试范围：高考全部内容。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Whentogocampingwithfriends.B.Howtomakeweekendplans.C.Whattodoontheweekend.2.Whatkindofsportdoesthemanlikebest?A.Football.B.Golf.C.Tennis.3.HowisLilyfeelingnow?A.Wonderful.B.Awful.C.Tired.4.Howlongdoesthemanworkoneday?A.Sixhours.B.Sevenhours.C.Eighthours.5.What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Bossandsecretary.B.Husbandandwife.C.Salesgirlandcustomer.其次节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6，7题。6.Whoisthewoman?A.Acustomer.B.Adoctor.C.Asalesgirl.7.Whendidtheman'sglassesslip?A.Yesterday.B.Thedaybeforeyesterday.C.Thisevening.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whowillhaveafirstdate?A.Linda.B.Linda'sbrother.C.Jack.9.WherewillJackhavethedate?A.TheWandaPlaza.B.Apark.C.Arestaurant.10.Whatisthewoman'ssuggestion?A.Wearshortsandslippers.B.Dressaccordingtothelocation.C.Wearlikeatrendyguy.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthenewsong?A.It'snoisy.B.It'ssoft.C.It'sslow.12.WhatkindofmusicdoesMikelikebest?A.Classicalmusic.B.Rockandroll.C.Blues.13.WhatwillLucydoonSunday?A.Lookafterhersister.B.Gotothemusicconcert.C.Gotothethemepark.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Wherehadthemanbeen?A.Thebusstop.B.Joe'soffice.C.Thetrafficoffice.15.WhatdoesJoethinkofthewoman?A.Dishonest.B.Cold-hearted.C.Kind.16.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Trytocheathim.B.Takehisremarksseriously.C.Don'tworryabouthiscomments.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatisthehippocampuslinkedto?AMemory.B.Emotions.C.Pronunciation.18.Whatwillhappentothepartofthebrainifyou'reanxiousanddepressed?A.It'llbecomesmaller.B.It'llgetbigger.C.Itwillremainthesame.19.WhatdoesDanielaEspinozaOyarcedo?A.Ateacher.B.Areporter.C.Anauthor.20.HowmanyAustralianadultssufferfromanxietyaccordingtothestudy?A.Over1million.B.Over2million.C.Over4.5million.其次部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项。AWhenyouthinkofsummertime,whatcomestomind?Forme,it'ssunny,daytimedrivesinthecarwiththesunroofopenandthewindowsrolleddownwithcountrymusicblaring.Luckily,everysummer,countrymusicfansarefacedwithachoiceoffantasticmusicfestivalstoattend.We'vemadealistofthembystate,soyoucaneasilyfindonenearyourhometown.MinnesotaMoondanceJamminCountryinWalker,Minn.isonethree-daycountrymusicfestivalthatguaranteesfantasticcountrymusicwithasideoffriendlycompetition.Alongsidefeaturedartists,festivalgoersareinvitedtoparticipateinthemedcampingcompetitions,beerpongandtastings,andsoftballatMoondanceFields.We'resorrytoyoungchildrentothisevent,asit'sgearedtowardadults.OhioTheCountryConcertatHickoryHillLakesinFortLoramie,Ohioisstillgoingstrongwithmorethan30yearsoffestivalfununderitsbelt.Thethree-dayfestivalisoneoftheMidwest'sbiggest,withpastartistslikeCarrieUnderwood,JakeOwen,andsomanymore.Ahugevarietyofnearbycampsitesandshowseatingoptionsareavailable.Countrymusicfansofallagesarewelcometoattend.NewYorkTheTasteofCountryMusicFestivalatHunterMountain,N.Y.presentscountrymusicfanswiththreefulldaysofexciting,livemusicfromartistslikeTimMcGraw,NikkiBriar,andmore.OtheractivitiesthroughouttheweekendincludeaSkyRideupthesideofHunterMountai.Thisfestivalisstillgoingstrongafter22yearsandthemuch-anticipatedfireworksshowwillbeSaturdaynightonly.WashingtonTheWatershedMusicandCampingFestivalishostedatTheGorgeAmphitheatreinGeorge,Wash.,winneroftheTopAmphitheatreprizeatthe2013BillboardTouringAwards.Thisthree-dayoutdoormusicfestivalistheperfectopportunitytocatchsomeofthebiggestnamesincountrymusic,likeCarrieUnderwood,ChrisYoung,andsomanyothers.1.WhatisspecialaboutCountryMusicFestivalsinMinnesota?A.Kidsarenotwelcome.B.Drinkersareforbidden.C.Nootheractivitiesareprovided.D.Ticketscan'tbebookedinadvance.2.Wherewillyougoifyouwanttowatchthefireworksdisplayaswell?A.Minnesota. B.Ohio. C.NewYork. D.Washington.3.Whatdotheabovefestivalshaveincommon?A.Campingandmusicaretheirmainevents.B.Allkindsoffoodareavailable.C.Themedcampingcompetitionsareincluded.D.Allthefestivalslastthreedays.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四处乡村音乐节。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。依据Minnesota中最终一句“We'resorrytoyoungchildrentothisevent,asit'sgearedtowardadults(我们对这个活动的幼儿感到愧疚，因为它是针对成年人的)”可知，由于这个活动是针对成人的，因此儿童是不受欢迎的。故选A。【2题详解】细微环节理解题。依据NewYork中的最终一句“Thisfestivalisstillgoingstrongafter22yearsandthemuch-anticipatedfireworksshowwillbeSaturdaynightonly(这个节日在22年后仍旧很强劲，备受期盼的烟花表演将只在星期六晚上实行)”可知，在这里可以观看烟花表演。故选C。【3题详解】细微环节理解题。通过这Minnesota中的“isonethree-daycountrymusicfestival”；Ohio中的“Thethree-dayfestival”；NewYork中的“withthreefulldaysofexciting,livemusicfromartists”以及Washington中的“Thisthree-dayoutdoormusicfestival”可知，这四项活动的时长都是三天，故答案为D。B"Mom,it'sChristopher,"mysoncutinafterthebeeponeday."Mom,areyouthere?"Myheartskippedabeatatthesoundofhisvoice."Hey,Chris,"Isaid,strugglingtokeepmyvoicecalm."What'swrong?""Nothing'swrong.Ijustwantedtoknowifit'sokayifIbringhomeakitten.""Achicken?OK.Butyou'dbetterbringhometwoofthem,ifpossible,"Isuggested."They'llbecompanyforeachother."Wehaveseveralcatsandadog,andwe'dkeptrabbitsforawhile,butchickenswerealtogetherdifferent.AsIdrovethefifteenmilestoschooltopickupourtwinboys,Ibegantohesitate.Food?Achickencoop?Anythingelse?Afterpullingintothelineinfrontoftheschool,IshutofftheengineandtextedmyoldestsonwhoworksafterschoolattheMissouriFarmersAssociation.Iaskedhimtopickupwhateverfoodandsuppliesmightbenecessaryfortwoyoungchickens.Whentheschooldoorsopened,Benjaminandhisbrotherpushedthroughthedoorsandrandownthesteps.Igaspedasheapproachedthecar-withablack-and-whitekitteninhisarm."That'snotachicken!"Isaid,asheclimbedintothebackseat."Ithoughtyouaskedifyoucouldbringhomeachicken,"Isaid."Mo-o-o-m!Isaid‘kitten,’not‘chicken’.Canwestillkeepthem?"Therewasn'tmuchsensearguing.Afterall,Ihadalreadyagreedtotakethem,althoughI'dmisunderstoodwhat"them"consistedof."Yes,wecankeepthem,"Isaid,sendingaquicktexttomyoldestsonaskinghimtocancelmyrequest.4.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenhearingherson'svoiceonthephone?A.Excited. B.Moved. C.Worried. D.Guilty.5.Whatdidtheauthorrealizeaboutfeedingthechicken?A.Shedidn'thaveanythingreadyforthem.B.Shewasveryexperiencedatfeedingthem.C.Buildinganewchickencoopisnecessary.D.Animalsshouldbekeptinthesamecoop.6.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?A.Shedoesn'tlikecats. B.Shehadaminorslip.C.Sheisaneditor. D.Sheisambitious.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AShortCutisOftenaWrongCutB.EggsCan'tBePutinOneBasketC.CuriosityKillstheCatD.Don'tCountYourChickens【答案】4.C5.A6.B7.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲解并描述儿子Christopher准备领养一只kitten（猫），作者误听成了chicken（小鸡），并由此出现的担忧以及对儿子养小鸡进行准备工作，最终了解了真相。【4题详解】推理推断题。依据文章Myheartskippedabeatatthesoundofhisvoice.听到他的声音，我的心怦怦直跳。并结合下文Isaid,strugglingtokeepmyvoicecalm.“What'swrong?”我说，努力让自己的声音保持安静。“怎么了?”可知，Lucy听到儿子的电话很是担忧。故选C。【5题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章Ibegantohesitate.Food?Achickencoop?Anythingelse?我起先有些迟疑了。食物吗?一个鸡笼吗?还有别的事吗?可知，Lucy对于养鸡这个事情还没有准备好。故选A。【6题详解】推理推断题。依据文章“Ithoughtyouaskedifyoucouldbringhomeachicken,”Isaid.“Mo-o-o-m!Isaid‘kitten,’not‘chicken’.Canwestillkeepthem?”“我记得你问我能不能带只鸡回家，”我说。“Mo-o-o-m!我说的是“小猫”，不是“小鸡”。我们还能养它们吗?”可知，作者误把kitten听成chicken，即犯了个小错误。故选B。【7题详解】主旨大意题。文章主要讲解并描述儿子Christopher准备领养一只kitten（猫），作者误听成了chicken（小鸡），并由此出现的担忧一级对儿子养小鸡进行准备工作，最终了解了真相。所以短文的最佳标题为“Don'tcountthechickens（beforetheyarehatched）.（谚语）鸡蛋还未孵，别忙数鸡雏。”故选D【点睛】标题揣测题。属于主旨大意题的一种。标题应位于文章之首，概括文章内容，点明文章主题。它可以是单词，短语，或句子。确定文章标题，第一，标题要与主题亲密相关；其次，看标题是否能概括全文内容，不能只概括短文中的某些事实或细微环节；第三，标题范围不应太大或太小；最终，标题应新奇，概括性强并且精炼。小题4中D选项概括文中主旨大意，与主题亲密相关，故选D项。CInthefloodofinnovativesolutionsthathaveemergedinthelastseveralyearstosavetheworldfromplasticpollution,TomSzaky'sfixmaybeoneofthemostimaginations.Szakyhasgonebacktoreturnable,refillablecontainers.TheideawasintroducedtotheworldbyCoca-Colaintheearly1920s,whenCokewassoldinexpensiveglassbottlesthatthecompany'sbottlersneededback.Theychargedatwo-centdeposit,roughly40percentofthefullcostofthesoftdrink.Consequently,theygotabout98percentoftheirbottlesback,tobereused40or50times.Tenmonthsago,SzakylaunchedLoop,anonlinedeliveryservicethatusesreusablecontainers.Theboldpartofhisventure—orrisk,ifyouareoneofhisfinancialbackers—isthatLooppushesfarbeyondtheuniformity(统一性)ofreturnablebeveragebottles(饮料瓶)andsellsmorethan300items,fromfoodtolaundryitems,incontainersofvarioussizesandmadefromvariousmaterials.HissignatureproductisHaagen-Dazsicecreamthatcomespackedinsideasmooth,insulatedstainlesssteelguaranteedtopreventitscontentsfrommelting.Now38,SzakydroppedoutofPrinceton17yearsagotobecomeaninnovatorinthegarbagebusiness.HefoundedTerraCycle,asmallwastemanagementcompany,10milesfromthePrincetoncampus.Hefiguredoutawaytorecycleplastics,cigarettebuttsandalonglistofothernon-recyclables.Loopispartoftheresurgenceofrefillablesasaseriousoptiontoplasticwaste.Thebeverageindustryisexpandingitsuseofreturnablebottles;anOregonbreweryclaimstohavestartedtheUnitedStates'firststate-widerefillablebeersystem.Moresignificantly,effortslikeLoop'storeinventpackagingforproductsthatdon'tfiteasilyintotherefillablecategoryhaveattractedstartupsandsomeoftheworld'slargestcorporateplayers.8.HowisSzaky'swaytofightplasticpollution?A.It'sthenewest. B.Itisfromanoldpractice.C.Itlacksinnovativeness. D.It'soutofdate.9.Whatcanweknowaboutbottledepositprograms?A.Impractical. B.Meaningless. C.Costly. D.Effective.10.WhyisSzaky'ssignatureproductkeptinanunusualsteel?A.Tokeepitfrozenlong. B.Tomakeitmoredelicious.C.Tohelpitmeltquickly. D.Tomakeiteasytodeliver.11.WhatcanweinferaboutSzaky'srefillables?A.Theyhavealongwaytogo.B.They'llbemadeofplastic.C.Theyhaveabrilliantfuture.D.They'llcauseseriouspollution.【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。TomSzaky解决塑料污染问题的方法得到关注，其中可回收、可重复灌装的容器是关键，便利好用且前景美妙。【8题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第一段“Szakyhasgonebacktoreturnable,refillablecontainers.TheideawasintroducedtotheworldbyCoca-Colaintheearly1920s.”(Szaky又回到了可回收、可重复灌装的容器。这一想法是由可口可乐在20世纪20年头初引入世界的)可知Szaky的方案是传统的老方法。故选B。【9题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段最终“Consequently,theygotabout98percentoftheirbottlesback，tobereused40or50times.”(结果，他们收回大约98%的瓶子，可重复运用40或50次)由此可推断出他们的方法是有效的。故选D。【10题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段最终“HissignatureproductisHaagen-Dazsicecreamthatcomespackedinsideasmooth，insulatedstainlesssteelguaranteedtopreventitscontentsfrommelting.”(他的标记性产品是阿根达斯冰淇淋，包装在光滑、绝缘的不锈钢内，保证防止里面的东西溶化。)可知Szaky的标记性产品保存在一种不寻常的不锈钢中是为了长时间冷冻不溶化，故选A。【11题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段“Moresignificantly,effortslikeLoop'storeinventpackagingforproductsthatdon'tfiteasilyintotherefillablecategoryhaveattractedstartupsandsomeoftheworld'slargestcorporateplayers.”(更重要的是，像Loop这样为不简洁再填充的产品重新设计包装的努力吸引了初创企业和一些世界上最大的企业。)可知其将来很美妙，故选C。DTheInsuranceInstituteforHighwaySafety,aresearchgroupsupportedbycompaniesthatinsureownersofmotorvehicles,saysU.S.crashesinvolvinglargetrucksrosebynearlyone-thirdsincehittingarecordlowin2009.Atotalof4,136peoplediedinsuchcrashesin2024,with119deathsresultingfromlargetrucksrear-endingothervehicles.However,anewstudyhasfoundthatwhentherear-endcrasheshappened,safetysystemswereabletoslowdownthevehiclesbyover50percent,resultinginfewerinjuriesandlessdamage.Theinstitute’sEricTeohdidthestudy.Heexaminedcrashrecordsfrom62truckingcompaniesthatoperatetractor-trailersorotherlargetrucks.Hefoundabout2,000crashes.Thoseaccidentsinvolvedvehiclesthattraveledmorethan3.2billionkilometersfrom2024to2024.Thesafetysystemsusecameras,radarandothersensorstowatchtheroadway.Somearedesignedtowarndriversofdangers,whilemorecomplexsystemswillstopthetruck.Truckswithcrashwarningsystemsreducedrear(后面的)crashesby44percent,whileautomaticemergencybrakingsystemscutrearcrashesby41percent,thestudyfound.Theinstitutecalledonthefederalgovernmenttorequiresuchsystemsonnewlargetrucks.Itnotedthatmanytruckoperatorsarealreadyaddingemergencybrakingontheirown.“Rear-endcrasheswithtrucksandothervehicleshappenalot,oftenwithhorribleconsequences,”saidTeoh.“Thisisanimportantcountermeasuretothat.”Thestudyfoundthattrucksequippedwithacrashwarningsystemhad22percentfewercrashesthanthosewithoutthetechnology.Truckswithemergencybrakingsystemshad12percentfewercrashes.Teohsaidthefindingscouldbevaluablefortruckingcompaniesanddriverswhoareconsideringwhethertogetsafetydevicesontheirnextvehicles.IntheUnitedStates,therearecurrentlynorequirementsforeithersystem.InEurope,automaticemergencybrakingwithforwardcollisionwarninghasbeenrequiredbytheEuropeanUniononmostnewlargetruckssincelate2013,theinstitutesaid.12.WhatdoestheauthorwanttotellusaboutU.S.trafficaccidentsinParagraph1?A.Theseriousness. B.Theconsequence.C.Theunpredictability. D.Thecauses.13.Howcansafetysystemshelpachievefewerinjuriesandlessdamagewhilecrashing?A.Bysendingalerts. B.Bycuttingspeed.C.Bymakingnoises. D.Byturningofftheengine.14.WhatisTeoh’sattitudetowardsthesafetysystems?A.Indifferent. B.Ambiguous.C.Approving. D.Negative.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SafetyDevicesCanbeHardtoEaseYourWorriesB.SafetyDevicesCanReduceBigTruckRearCrashesC.MakingYourselfaPerfectDriverD.DrivingWellforLessDamage【答案】12.A13.B14.C15.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。美国马路平安保险探讨所调查表明，涉及到大型卡车的交通事故自2024年以来呈上升趋势。一项新的探讨发觉，大型卡车上安装平安装置可以大幅降低大型卡车追尾事故。【12题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段“Atotalof4,136peoplediedinsuchcrashesin2024,with119deathsresultingfromlargetrucksrear-endingothervehicles.(2024年共有4136人死于此类车祸，其中119人死于大型卡车追尾其他车辆)”可知，作者通过一系列数字描述了2024年美国有许多人死于车祸以及大型卡车追尾事故，可见交通事故的严峻性。因此，在第一段中，作者想告知我们关于美国交通事故的严峻性。故选A项。【13题详解】细微环节理解题。通过其次段“However,anewstudyhasfoundthatwhentherear-endcrasheshappened,safetysystemswereabletoslowdownthevehiclesbyover50percent,resultinginfewerinjuriesandlessdamage(然而，一项新探讨发觉，当发生追尾事故时，平安系统能够使车辆减速50%以上，从而削减损害和削减损坏。)”可知，平安系统是通过减速来帮助削减碰撞时的损害和损害的。故选B项。【14题详解】推理推断题。依据文章第五段““Rear-endcrasheswithtrucksandothervehicleshappenalot,oftenwithhorribleconsequences,”saidTeoh.“Thisisanimportantcountermeasuretothat.”(“卡车和其他车辆的追尾事故常常发生，往往会造成可怕的后果”，他说：“这是一个重要的对策。”)”可知，Teoh认为，在车上安装平安系统是一个很好的防止追尾事故发生的对策。因此，Teoh对平安系统的看法是赞成的。故选C项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是其次段中“However,anewstudyhasfoundthatwhentherear-endcrasheshappened,safetysystemswereabletoslowdownthevehiclesbyover50percent,resultinginfewerinjuriesandlessdamage.(然而，一项新的探讨发觉，当发生追尾事故时，平安系统能够使车辆减速50%以上，从而削减损害和削减损坏。)”以及第三段中的“Truckswithcrashwarningsystemsreducedrearcrashesby44percent,whileautomaticemergencybrakingsystemscutrearcrashesby41percent,thestudyfound.(探讨发觉，装有碰撞警告系统的卡车可削减44%的追尾事故，而自动紧急制动系统则可削减41%的追尾事故)”可知，本文主要阐述了在大型卡车上安装平安装置可以大幅降低大型卡车追尾事故。因此，本文的最佳标题可以是“平安装置可以削减大型卡车追尾事故”。故选B项。其次节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Givingadviceisnotoneoftheeasiesttasks.____16____Withthesetips,you'llbeexpertatgivingadviceinnotime!Don'tjudgethem.Thefirst,mostbasicstepingivinggoodadviceistonotjudgetheotherperson.____17____We'reallplayingwithadifferentsetofcardsandwhatyouhaveinyourhandandwhatyoumanagedtodowithitdoesn'thaveanythingtodowithwhatsomeoneelsehas.Askiftheyevenwantadvice!Onegoodhabitistoaskthemiftheyevenwantadvice.____18____Ifyoufeeltheyreallyneedtohearyouradvice,however,letthemknowit'sjustasuggestion,andyoudon'texpectthemtodoit.Iftheysaythattheywouldlikeadvice,giveit.Iftheysayno,thenjustsaysomethinglike,"Well,ifyoukeephavingproblemsI'mhereandhappytohelpyouthroughit."___19___Sometimespeoplecan't,astheysay,seetheforestforthetrees.Theyhaveahardtimeseeingtheentiretyoftheirsituationorevenpossiblesolutionsbecausethey'resofixedonafewsmallproblems.Helpthemtakeastepbackbygoingoverthebigpicture,fromyouroutsider'sperspective.Expressconfidenceinthem.Sometimesallsomeoneneedstomaketherightdecisionistoknowthatsomeonebelievesinthemandthatsomeonethinksthattheycandotherightthing.____20____Tellthemsomethinglike,"Thisisareallytoughdecision,butIknowyouwilldotherightthing."A.Givethemwhatinformationyoucan.B.Helpthemevaluatetheproblemfromtheoutside.C.Bethatpersonforthem,especiallyifnooneelsecanbe.D.People,whentheyseekadvice,willoftenwantareasonableguarantee.E.Somepeoplejustwanttotalkandtheydon'twanttobetoldwhattodo.F.Nooneshouldbethoughtofaslessorasbadforasingledecisionthattheymade.G.Youcanbeputunderlotsofpressure,especiallyifyouunintentionallygivebadadvice.【答案】16.G17.F18.E19.B20.C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何给他人提出建议。【16题详解】上一句“Givingadviceisnotoneoftheeasiesttasks”说明给出建议不是最简洁的任务之一，说明了给他人建议的难度，G项中的“putunderlotsofpressure”与“notoneoftheeasiesttasks”一样，故G项“你可能承受很大的压力，特殊是假如你无意中给出了错误的建议。”符合语境。故选G。【17题详解】上一句话“Thefirst，mostbasicstepingivinggoodadviceistonotjudgetheotherperson”说明给出好的建议的第一步，也是最基本的一步，就是不要去评判对方。F项中的“thoughtofas”与上文的“judge”一样，因此推断F项“对于他们做出的一个确定，任何人都不应当被认为是差的或不好的”符合语境，对上文进行进一步说明。故选F。【18题详解】本段的首句“Onegoodhabitistoaskthemiftheyevenwantadvice”说明询问他人是否须要建议是一个人好的习惯，因此空格处应对其进行说明。E选项中的“wanttotalk”和“don'twanttobetoldwhattodo”都是应当询问别人建议的理由，有些人只是想说话，他们不想被告知该做什么。即一些人情愿自己给出建议，与上文构成因果关系。故选E。【19题详解】下文“Sometimespeoplecan't,astheysay,seetheforestforthetrees”可知，有时候一叶遮目，不见森林，再结合最终一句“Helpthemtakeastepbackbygoingoverthebigpicture,fromyouroutsider'sperspective(从局外人的角度，通过回顾大局，帮助他们后退一步)”可知，本段的主旨应为帮助他们从局外人的角度来看问题。故选B。【20题详解】上一句话“Sometimesallsomeoneneedstomaketherightdecisionistoknowthatsomeonebelievesinthemandthatsomeonethinksthattheycandotherightthing”可知，有时，一个人须要做出正确的确定，就是知道有人信任他们，有人认为他们能做正确的事情，再结合下文“Tellthemsomethinglike,"Thisisareallytoughdecision,butIknowyouwilldotherightthing."(告知他们，”这是一个特别艰难的确定，但我知道你会做正确的事情”)”可推断，上文说人们认为有人认为会有人信任自己能做正确的确定，下文说要告知他们能做正确的事情，因此推断空格处承上启下，成为他们心目中的那个人，尤其是在没有其他人可以做到的状况下。故选C。第三部分语言学问运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OnMay22,2011,itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend.AdevastatingEF5tornado____21____Joplin,Missouri.Thehomeofmyparents,whowereintheireighties,became____22____inseconds.Assoonasmyparentswere____23____toasafeplace,theyhadhoped,however,thatImightbeableto____24____someoftheirbooksandpictures.ButI____25____tofixtheroofagainandagain.Iwasin____26____.Suddenly,fromoutofnowhere,ashort,thin,elderlymanappearedatmyside.Onesecond,Iwas____27____,andasecondlater,hewasnexttome.Itseemedlikeheroseupthroughthegroundorfelloutofthesky.____28____Iwasn'tterrified,Itookastepback.Heputmymindateasebysaying,inavery____29____voice,"Everythingisgoingtobealright.""Wouldyoulikemeto_____30_____theroof?I'maconstructionworker.""Oh,thatwouldbegreat,_____31_____…""Ican.Noproblem."Shortlyafter,I_____32_____itwasnolongerraininginthehouse.He'ddoneitintherain.BeforeIranoutsideto_____33_____him,hewasnowheretobeseen.Therewasno_____34_____ofhimthoughIwalkedaroundthehouse."Ithinkyou_____35_____anangel,"oneneighborsaid."Therearealotofthemaroundrightnow.""Isawaniceman,"Itoldher,"andhewas_____36_____.""Yes,_____37_____arereal,"sheanswered.Theraincontinuedfordays,butbecauseofhiswork,myparents'possessions_____38_____.Ididn'tseeanywingsonmy_____39_____,butallIknowitwastheoldmanthatledusoutofthe_____40_____.Hegavemeassistance,comfort,andhope.21.A.struck B.impressed C.swallowed D.reviewed22.A.imbalanced B.abnormal C.unlivable D.disadvantaged23.A.allocated B.exposed C.submitted D.moved24.A.sweep B.rescue C.hide D.reserve25.A.failed B.managed C.agreed D.determined26.A.peace B.trouble C.relief D.despair27.A.surprised B.alone C.hopeful D.friendly28.A.Nowthat B.Incase C.Eventhough D.Asthough29.A.distant B.comforting C.terrified D.trembling30.A.fix B.decorate C.design D.paint31.A.and B.or C.but D.otherwise32.A.recognized B.clarified C.admitted D.realized33.A.thank B.greet C.entertain D.amuse34.A.sense B.sign C.doubt D.limit35.A.winout B.getholdof C.meetwith D.stareat36A.natural B.spiritual C.behavioral D.real37.A.angels B.colleagues C.workers D.strangers38.A.destroyed B.lost C.survived D.escaped39.A.reminder B.helper C.shoulder D.caller40.A.light B.darkness C.result D.target【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.B25.A26.D27.B28.C29.B30.A31.C32.D33.A34.B35.C36.D37.A38.C39.B40.B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述了，作者所在的城市受到飓风影响，80多岁父母亲的房子屋顶受损，屋内的物品遭到雨淋，作者却不能修好，一位得知当地受灾的老人赐予了帮助，却不留姓名，让作者感到天使在人间。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一场毁灭性的EF5龙卷风攻击了密苏里州的乔普林。A.struck攻击、打击；B.impressed给……留下深刻印象；C.swallowed吞咽；D.reviewed复习。由上文的“OnMay22,2011,itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend.”可知，2011年5月22日似乎是世界末日，得出一次毁灭性的飓风攻击了Joplin,Missouri。故选A项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我80多岁的父母的家几秒钟后就变得不能居住了。A.imbalanced失衡的；B.abnormal反常的；C.unlivable不宜居住的；D.disadvantaged弱势的。由上文语境可知，一次毁灭性的飓风攻击了Joplin,Missouri，得出80多岁父母的房子被飓风毁了，瞬间变得不能居住了。故选C项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我的父母被转移到一个平安的地方时，他们希望我能抢救出他们的一些书和画。A.allocated安排；B.exposed暴露；C.submitted递交；D.moved移动。由上文语境以及“toasafeplace”可知，父母的房子不能居住了，此处指他们被转移（搬家）到平安的地方了。故选D项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我的父母被转移到一个平安的地方时，他们希望我能抢救出他们的一些书和画。A.sweep打扫；B.rescue挽救；C.hide躲藏；D.reserve预订、保留。由本处的“someoftheirbooksandpictures.”可知，作者父母希望作者能够把他们屋里的东西挽救出来。故选B项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我反复修也没修好屋顶。A.failed失败；B.managed设法；C.agreed同意；D.determined决心。由下文语境可知，老人帮作者修好了屋顶，说明作者并没有修好屋顶，此处指作者反复修不好屋顶，failtodosth.（没能做某事）。故选A项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我无望了。A.peace和平；B.trouble麻烦；C.relief放松；D.despair无望。由上文语境可知，作者反复修不好屋顶，可知此时的作者很是无望。故选D项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一秒钟前，我独自一人，一秒钟后，他就在我旁边。A.surprised惊异的；B.alone孤独的；C.hopeful有希望的；D.friendly友好的。由下文的“andasecondlater，hewasnexttome”可知，一秒钟后老人就在作者旁边，说明一秒钟前作者还是孤独一人。故选B项。【28题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：尽管我不胆怯 ，我还是后退了一步。A.Nowthat由于；B.Incase以防；C.Eventhough尽管；D.Asthough似乎。由句意可知，前后两句表让步，用Eventhough引导让步状语从句。故选C项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他用一种特别劝慰的声音说：“一切都会好起来的”，这让我安心了。A.distant遥远的；B.comforting令人劝慰的；C.terrified恐惊的；D.trembling颤抖的。由上文的“Heputmymindatease”和下文的“Everythingisgoingtobealright.”可知，那位老人用劝慰的口吻劝作者，使作者安心。故选B项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你要我帮你修屋顶吗？我是建筑工人。”A.fix修理；B.decorate装饰；C.design设计；D.paint用颜料画。由上文的“作者反复修不好屋顶”和下文的“I'maconstructionworker.”可知，望见作者不会修屋顶，身为建筑工人的老人主动提出要帮助作者修理屋顶。故选A项。【31题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：“哦，那太好了，但是……”A.and和；B.or或者、否则；C.but但是；D.otherwise否则。由下文的“Ican.Noproblem.”可知，与上文是转折关系。故选C项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久，我意识到家里不再漏雨了。A.recognized认出；B.clarified澄清；C.admitted承认；D.realized意识到。由下文的“itwasnolongerraininginthehouse”可知，此处指作者意识到家里不再漏雨了。故选D项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我跑出去感谢他之前，他不见了。A.thank感谢；B.greet问候；C.entertain消遣；D.amuse逗笑。由常识和上文语境可知，老人帮助作者修好了屋顶，作者确定想向老人表示感谢。故选A项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管我在房子里走来走去，却没有他的踪迹。A.sense感觉；B.sign迹象、标记；C.doubt怀疑；D.limit限制。由上文的“hewasnowheretobeseen”可知，作者到处都见不到他，此处指也没有他的迹象。故选B项。【35题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：“我想你遇到了一位天使，”一位邻居说。A.winout获胜；B.getholdof抓住；C.meetwith遇到；D.stareat注视。由下文的“Therearealotofthemaroundrightnow.”可知，一位邻居认为作者遇到了天使。故选C项。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我看到一个好人，”我告知她，“他是真的存在的。”A.natural自然的；B.spiritual精神的；C.behavioral行为的；D.real真正的。由下文的“"Yes,____17____arereal,"sheanswered.”可知，作者认为这个好人（天使）是真实存在的。故选D项。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“是的，天使是真实的存在的，”她回答说。A.angels天使；B.colleagues同事；C.workers工人；D.strangers生疏人。由上文的“Ithinkyou55anangel,”oneneighborsaid可知，此处邻居认为天使是真实存在的。故选A项。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：雨持续了好几天，但由于他的工作，我父母的财产幸免于难。A.destroyed摧毁；B.lost失去；C.survived幸存；D.escaped逃亡。由上文语境可知，老人帮助作者修好了父母家的屋顶，屋里不再漏水，所以父母的物品没有损毁、幸免于难。故选C项。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没有看到我的帮手身上有翅膀，但我只知道是那个老人把我们从黑暗中领出来的。A.reminder提示人的事物；B.helper帮手；C.shoulder肩膀；D.caller来访者。由上文语境可知，老人帮助了作者，作者认为他就是没有翅膀的天使和帮手。故选B项。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没有看到我的帮手身上有翅膀，但我只知道是那个老人把我们从黑暗中领出来的。A.light光明；B.darkness黑暗；C.result结果；D.target目标。由上文语境可知，老人在作者修不好屋顶的无望之时帮助了作者，带领作者一家渡过了黑暗时期。故选B项。其次节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。ALongMarch-4Brocket____41____（carry）theHaiyang-2C（HY-2C）satellitetookoffat1：40pm（BeijingTime）,accordingtothelaunchcenter.TheHY-2C,thecountry'sthirdoceandynamicenvironmentsatellite,canprovideall-weatherandround-the-clock____42____（observe）ofwaveheight,seasurfaceheight,windandtemperature.Onboardequipmentenablesthenewsatellite____43____（provide）informationontheidentificationofvessels,andtoreceiveandstoremeasur