北京市2024年中考英语真题【附参考答案】

北京市2024年中考英语真题一、单项填空（每题0.5分，共6分）从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1．MyfriendsandIlikesports.____oftenplaybasketballtogetherafterschool.A．We B．I C．They D．You2．TheChang'e-6landedonthefarsideofthemoon____June2,2024.A．at B．on C．to D．in3．—Bill,____Iuseyourruler?—Ofcourseyoucan.Hereyouare.A．can B．must C．need D．should4．Whatalovelyreadingroom!It'soneof____inourschool.A．nice B．nicer C．nicest D．thenicest5．—Lily,yournewschoolbagispretty.____didyoubuyit?—Inastorenearmyhome.A．How B．Where C．Why D．When6．—Hi,Mike!Wouldyouliketogoboatingwithme?—Yes,I'dloveto,____Ihavetofinishmyscienceprojectfirst.A．and B．or C．but D．for7．—WhatdidyoudolastSaturday,Tina?—I____tothenursinghomeandworkedasavolunteerthere.A．go B．went C．willgo D．wasgoing8．AlotofpeopleinChina____byhigh-speedtraineveryyear.A．travel B．traveled C．willtravel D．havetraveled9．—Amy,youdidn'tanswermycallyesterdayevening.Whatwereyoudoing?—Sorry,Ididn'thearthering.I____abookinmystudy.A．amreading B．haveread C．wasreading D．willread10．Withthehelpofmyteacher,I____muchprogressinEnglishsincelastyear.A．ammaking B．willmake C．wasmaking D．havemade11．Chinese____bymoreandmorepeoplearoundtheworldthesedays.A．speaks B．spoke C．isspoken D．wasspoken12．—Timdoyouknow____theartfestival?—Sure!NextFriday.A．whendidwehold B．whenweheldC．whenwillwehold D．whenwewillhold二、完形填空（每题1分，共8分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。Everysummer,SerenaspenttwoweeksatGreenFarm'shorsebackridingcamp.Lastyear,SerenaandherfavoritehorsePiperfinishedsecondintheobstaclecourse(障碍赛赛道)race."Ican'twaittoridePiper,"SerenatoldRose,hercoach.Rosesmiledandsaid,"Sorry,butweneedtosavePiperforournewer13．thisyear.She'soneofthebest-behavedhorses.HowaboutyoutryridingHarley?"Serenafelt14．andwasalittlescared(害怕的)atthesightofHarley,thetallesthorse,butshestayedhopeful.AsshewastryingtorideHarley,hewentuponhisbacklegs,throwingSerenaoff.Shelandedonthehardground,hereyesfilledwithtears."I'mscaredofHarley,andhe'stoohardto15．,"SerenatoldRose."Harleyisinanewplacewithanewpersononhisback,"Roseexplained."I'msurehe'sprettyscared,too.Butifyoutrusthim,hewilltrustyou."Serenadecidedthatitwastimeforafresh16．."Iknowyou'reafraidofme.We'restillstrangers,andit'suptometomakesurethatwebecomefriends,"shetalkedtoHarley17．.Afterawhile,Harleycalmed(平静)down,andSerenarealizedthatshewasalsofeelingcalmer.ShethenledHarleyforawalkaroundtheringsothathecouldgetusedtobeingwithherandfollowingherdirections.Soon,SerenaandHarleymadeprogresstogetherastheirconfidenceineachother18．.Bytheendofthefirstweek,theyhadcompletedtheobstaclecoursetogether.Onthefinaldayofthecampwasthebagrace.SerenaconfidentlyclimbedontoHarley.Harley,19．theexcitementoftheday,ranthroughthecourselikeamadmanandeasilywon.TheotherhorseswerejustnomatchforHarley.RosehandedSerenathewinner'strophywithawink(眨眼).SerenasuddenlyrealizedthatRosehadwantedherto20．herselftobeabetterrider,eventhoughshewouldhavehadanicetimewithPiper.SerenagaveRoseahugandthentookthetrophy,andacarrot,overtoHarley.13．A．leaders B．riders C．climbers D．drivers14．A．stupid B．disappointed C．comfortable D．lucky15．A．refuse B．raise C．cheat D．control16．A．answer B．memory C．start D．topic17．A．angrily B．softly C．curiously D．sadly18．A．fell B．returned C．grew D．remained19．A．sensing B．breaking C．hiding D．spreading20．A．advise B．accept C．choose D．challenge三、阅读理解（每题2分，共26分）阅读下列商店介绍，请根据人物需求匹配最适合的商店，并将商店所对应的选项(A、B、C、D)填在相应位置上。其中一个选项为多余选项。PopularstoresA.White'sWhite'sisaplaceforfruitlovers.Inthisstore,you'llfinddifferentkindsoffruits.Theyareallgrownonourlocalfarmsandsoldatlowprices.B.William'sWilliam'sisinabeautifulnewbuildingThestoresellsfreshfood.Italsomakestastycakesandcookiestotakeaway—greatforcelebrations!C.Parker'sThisstoreofferswomen'sclothes.Manyofthemaremadefromnaturalmaterials.There'salsoanareasellingbeautifulhandmadehats.D.Brown'sThisstoreispopularforitsshoesatfairprices.Anditisalwaysthefirstintowntoofferchildren'sclothinginnewdesigns.21．Mother'sDayiscoming.I'dliketobuyabeautifulhatformymomI'msureshewilllikeit.22．MaryandIwillholdabirthdaypartyforourfriend,Lucy.So,Ineedtobuyabigcakeandsomecookiesfortheparty.23．Mygrandpalikesdoingmorningexerciseinthepark.Iwanttobuyhimapairofsportsshoesasagift.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。Theschoolyearbegan.Aspresidentoftherecyclingclub,Scottwasthinkingaboutnewactivitiestoencourageotherstudentstobecomemoreenthusiastic(热心的)aboutrecycling.Hisclubhadhelpedtorecyclealotofwasteforthepastfiveyearsandhehopedthatthisyeartheywoulddoevenbetter.Scottwenthomeonedayandlookedonline,hopingtofindideasforeventstheclubcouldorganizeatschool.Duringhisresearch,helearnedthattheamount(数量)ofelectronicwaste,ore-waste,isincreasingrapidly.Scottwasupsetwithhimselffornotnoticingthisproblemsooner.Atthatmoment,hebegantodevelopaplan."ThereisaspecialprojectIwantustoworkonthisterm,"Scottannounced(宣布)attherecyclingclubmeetingthenextday."Wehaveallheardaboute-waste,butrecentlyIlearnedaboutthebadeffectsit'shavingonourenvironment."Hewentontotelltheclubmembersthathewantedthemtoorganizeane-wastedrive—adaywhenstudentsandtheirfamiliescoulddropoffunwantedelectronicstoberecycled."Nowlet'sgettowork!"Forseveralweeks,therecyclingclubwasbusypreparingfortheupcominge-wastedrive,ore-driveasitwassooncalled.Thebigdayfinallyarrived,andScottwasnervous.Heandtheothermembersarrivedatschoolearlytomakesurethateverythingwouldgosmoothly.Everyonewaitedeagerly,hopingthatstudentsoftheschoolwouldtakepartintheevent.Itwasn'tlongbeforethefirstcarspulledintotheschoolparkinglot.Afterawhile,morepeoplearrived.Phones,TVsets,computersandkeyboardssoonbeganpilingup(堆积).Attheendoftheevent,Scottheardsomeonesuggestthattheschoolshouldhaveane-driveeventeveryterm.Scottsmiled,realizingthatasimpleactioncouldtrulyhavealastinginfluence.24．WhatdidScottlearnduringhisresearchonline?A．Studentsareenthusiasticaboutrecycling.B．Thereisalotofwasterecycledeveryyear.C．Theamountofe-wasteisincreasingrapidly.D．Therearemanyrecyclingclubsinthecountry.25．HowdidScottfeelatfirstonthatbigday?A．Proud. B．Upset. C．Excited. D．Nervous.26．WhatdidScottrealizeattheendofthee-driveevent?A．Environmentalproblemscouldbesolved.B．Asimpleactioncouldbringalong-termeffect.C．Teamworkisvaluableforthesuccessofevents.D．Familymembersareinterestedinschoolactivities.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。SamHillisreallybadatfindinghiswayfromplacetoplace.TheworldisfullofpeoplelikeHill—andtheiropposites,whoalwaysseemtoknowexactlywheretheyareandhowtogetwheretheywanttogo.Ithasprovedhardtoexplainwhy.However,withthedevelopmentoftechnology,there'snewexcitementhappeningintheresearchworld.Anexperimentwascarriedoutin2022tofindoutwhatmightinfluencewayfindingability.Researchersdevelopedanonlinegameinwhichplayerstravelbyboattofindwherealotofcheckpointslie.Thegameaskedplayerstoprovidebasicbackgroundinformation,andnearlyfourmillionpeopleworldwidedidso.Throughthegame,theresearcherswereabletojudgenavigational(辨识方向的)abilitybylookingathowfareachpersontraveledtoreachallthecheekpoints.Thentheycomparedplayers'performancewiththeirbackgroundinformation.TheresearchersfoundthatNorthernEuropeansseemedtobebetternavigations,perhapsbecausetheyloveorienteering(定向越野),asportwhichinvolvescross-countryrunningandnavigation.Andthosefromcitieswithmoredisorganizedstreetnetworks(网状系统)didbetterthanthosefromcitieswithorderlyones.Perhapspeopleofplannedcitiesdon'tneedtobuildcomplex(复杂的)mapsintheirminds.Researchresultslikethesesuggestthatpeople'slifeexperiencedecideshowwelltheyfindtheirway.Infactexperiencemayevenexplainapopularbeliefthatmenaremorelikelytoperformbetterthanwomen.Itturnsoutthatthisdifferenceismoreaquestionofcultureandexperiencethanofinbornability.NorthernEuropeans,forexample,showalmostnogender(性别)differenceinnavigation.However,mendomuchbetterthanwomeninplaceswherewomenfaceculturallimitsonexploringtheirenvironmentontheirown.ThatfindingisalsosupportedbystudiesontheTsimane,acommunitylivinginaforestinSouthAmerica.ResearchersputGPSunitson305Tsimanepeopletochecktheirdailymovementsoverathree-dayperiod,andfoundnodifferencebetweenmenandwomeninnavigationalability.Evenchildrenperformedverywell—aresult,researchersthink,ofgrowingupinanenvironmentthatencourageschildrentoexploretheforest.27．Whywasanexperimentcarriedoutin2022?A．Todevelopanonlinewayfindinggame.B．Toimprovetheplayers'wayfindingability.C．Topickoutpeoplewhoareweakinwayfinding.D．Tofindoutwhypeoplearedifferentinwayfindingability.28．Accordingtothepassage,whoisprobablythebestatfindingtheirway?A．Awomanwhooftenexploresnature.B．AgirlwhostudiesSouthAmericanculture.C．Amanwhorunsonasportsgroundeverymorning.D．Aboywholivesinacitywithanorderlystreetnetwork.29．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Goodnavigatorsaremostlymade,notborn.B．Navigationskillsdifferbetweenthegenders.C．Navigationskillsarepasseddown,neverlost.D．Goodnavigatorsbringdevelopmentsintechnology.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。Almosteveryonehasexperiencedthefeelingofdiscomfortwhentheiractionsdonotagreewiththeirinnervalues.Amanforexample,valueswork-lifebalanceyetworks80hourseveryweek,caringlittleabouthisownhealthandfamily.Anotherexampleisaboywhoholdshisparents'lovedearbutgetsangryattheminamomentofstress;orawomanwhohopestolivehealthilybutgivesintotheattractionoffastfoodduringmomentsofweakness.Thisdisagreementcanleadtoseriousresults,suchasworseningrelationships,limitedpersonalgrowth,andself-doubt.Theemotionaleffectsoffeelingoutofcontrolandunabletoliveuptoourownstandardscanalsobedeeplyharmful.Theshameandupsetthatgoalongwiththesefeelingsoftenforceusintosilence,resultinginmoreself-doubt.Onereasonforthissilencemightbethatadmitting(承认)tothesebehaviorscanfeellikeshowingaweaknessormistakethatsocietytellsusshouldbekepthidden.What'smore,recognizingthisdisagreementrequirescomingfacetofacewithuncomfortabletruthsaboutourselves—aprocessthatisasdiscouragingasitisnecessaryforgrowth.Recognizingandaddressingthesebehaviorscanprovideapossibilityofchange.Bylookingintothecausesofourbehaviors,wecanbegintounderstandouractionsmoreeasilyandworktowardstickingtoourbeliefs.Researchsupportstheideathatrecognizingthisdisagreement,togetherwithmindfulnessandopencommunication,canhelpwiththisprocess.Thesemethodshelpusslowdown,reflect(反思),andchoosebehaviorsthatfollowourvaluesmoreclosely,eveninthefaceofoldhabitsorimmediateneeds.Thekeytodealingwiththisdisagreementliesincompassion(同情)forourselvesandothers.Bydevelopingacultureofopennessandbyunderstandingthechallengesofaligningbehaviorswithbeliefs,wecanbegintobreakdownwhatpreventsusfromhavingconversationandchange.Admittingthatthisdisagreementisasharedpartofthehumanexperiencecanenableustospeakopenly,findsupport,andtakenecessarystepstowardtheagreementbetweenourinnerworldandouractions.Whilethedisagreementbetweenourinnervaluesandactionsmaybecommon,throughreflection,understandingandpurposefulpractice,wecanbridgethedivideandsetoutonajourneyofself-discovery.30．WhydoesthewriterusetheexamplesinParagraph1?A．Tostressanunavoidableneed.B．Toshowaresultofthewrongvalues.C．Todescribeacommonhumanexperience.D．Tointroduceachangeinpeople'srelationships.31．Whatdoestheword"aligning"inParagraph4mostprobablymean?A．Matching. B．Comparing. C．Mixing. D．Confusing.32．Whichofthefollowingwouldthewritermostprobablyagreewith?A．Discomfortforcesustogiveupourbeliefs.B．Ourbehaviorsweakenourunderstandingsoflife.C．Opencommunicationmakesitpossibleforustochange.D．Keepingsilentallowsustimetoliveuptoourstandards.33．Whatisthewriter'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A．Toencouragepeopletostaytruetotheirbeliefs.B．Toprovetheimportanceofhavingtherightvalues.C．Tocomparedifferentwaystodealwithdiscomfort.D．Todiscusstheinfluenceofpeople'simproperactions.四、第二部分本部分共5题，共20分。根据题目要求，完成相应任务。阅读表达（第1-3题每题2分，第4题4分，共10分）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。Recently,Istartedtouseanapptokeeparecordofmyrunning.EachrunIwantedtogoalittlefarther,runalittlefasterandburnmorecalories(卡路里).LastnightIfinishedan8.3-kmrunin46minutesandburnt468calories.Incomparison,myruntwodaysagowas8.6kmin46minuteswith483caloriesburnt.Thisinnerself-comparisonleftmefeelingdisappointed.Ibecamesofocused(专注的)onthenumbersthatIforgottoconsiderwhatIachieved.Thesetinydifferencesinnumberskeptmeawayfromthebiggerpicture:howdidIactuallyfeelaftercompletingmymostrecentrun?Well,honestly,Iwascompletelytiredout.Whatgoodisrunningtobeatyourtopscoreifyoudon'tfeelontop?Weshouldexerciseforthepurposeofbuildingourconfidence.Andworkingoutharderandfastermayservethatpurpose.Butconfidencebuildingcomeswithbeingabletodomoreinourday-to-daylife,experiencinglesspainandmorefreedominmovement,andfeelinggoodafteraworkout.Fitnessshouldhelpuswithourquality(质量)oflife,theabilitytosleep,goodmemory,amongotherthings.Fitnessshouldnotjustcomewiththeeagernessforthesuccessinnumbers.Inourbusylives,weonlyhavelimitedtimeforfitness.Whenwedophysicalexercise,weshouldvaluewhatfeelsgoodoverwhatlooksorsoundsgood.Sometimeswhatservesusandourhealthiscominghomeanddoingalightworkout,likegoingonashortbikeride.Sometimeswhatservesusissimplygoingtosleepat9:30p.m.insteadofforcingourselvesintoaworkout.Appsofthiskindareagreatwayforustokeepaneyeonourhealth.Butdon'treadintothenumberstothepointwhereyouloseoutonfeelingproudthatyouaretakingcareofyourself.Somyadviceis:whenyoudophysicalexercise,makesureyoufeelgoodaboutyourselfoverfeelinggoodaboutthenumbers.34．Whydidthewriterstarttousetheapp?35．Whatdidthewriterforgettoconsiderwhenhebecametoofocusedonthenumbers?36．Accordingtothewriter,whatshouldbeourpurposeofdoingexercise?37．Whenyoudophysicalexercise,whichdoyouthinkismoreimportant,feelinggoodaboutyourselforfeelinggoodaboutthenumbers?Why?(Pleasegivet