江西省九江市匡庐星瀚高级中学2024-2025学年高一上学期开学英语试题（解析版）

江西省九江市匡卢星瀚高级中学2024-2025学年度上学期开学考试题高一英语试卷时间120分钟总分150分第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Meetingafriend. B.Waitingforthetrain. C.Watchingafilm.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Lookatthetime!Whenisthistraingoingtoarrive?It’salreadyfiveminuteslate.M:Don’tgetimpatient,darling.Yourwatchis10minutesfast.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whendoesthesecondshowstart?A.At7:00. B.At7:10. C.At9:10.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Couldyoutellmethestartingtimesforbothperformances?M:Thefirstbeginsat7:00o’clock,anditlaststwohours.Thesecondfollowsimmediatelyafteraten-minutebreak.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whereisthemangoing?A.Thestation. B.Theairport. C.Theoffice.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Mywatchisalittlefaster.It’s10:00bymywatch.I’mgoingtomeetmyuncleatthestationat10:15.Couldyoutellmewhattimeexactlyisitnow?W:It’sfiveminutestotenbymywatch.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whycan’tthemanattendthewoman’swedding?A.Heisveryill. B.Hehasnotime. C.Heisbadlyinjured.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:I’mterriblyillnow.IamafraidthatIwon’tbeabletoattendyourwedding.W:I’msorrytohearthat.Whatapityyoucan’tbeherewithus!M:I’msorry.Mayyoubehappy!5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors. B.Friends. C.Strangers.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme.DoyouknowwheretheBrownslive?W:Yes,itisthethirdhouseontheright.M:Thankyou.W:You’rewelcome.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白,每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatarethepeopledoinginthehouse?A.Havingdinner. B.Havingaparty. C.WatchingTV.7.WhoisKarlBlack?A.Thewoman’sdaughter’sboyfriend.B.Theman’sdaughter’sboyfriend.C.MissZhong’sboyfriend.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】【原文】W:Therearesomanypeopleinyourhouse.Whataretheydoing?M:Wearehavingaparty.Iamthehostandmywifeisthehostess.W:Aretheyyourguests?M:Yes,theyare.Theyareallmyfriends.W:Whoisthatman?M:HeisProfessorZhong.HeisaChineseteacher.Hiswifeisateacher,too.Theirdaughterisacollegestudent.W:Whoisthatyoungman?M:Heisherboyfriend.Heisayoungdoctor.HisnameisKarlBlack.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatcan’tthespeakersagreeon?A.WhentowatchTV.B.Whattheyaregoingtodo.C.WhatprogramtheyaregoingtowatchonTV.9.Whydoesthemanwanttowatchthefootballgame?A.Thegameisthemostimportantoftheseason.B.Hewantstoseehisfavoriteplayers.C.Thegameisovertoday.10.Whatwillthespeakersdoatlast?A.Watchthegametogether.B.Gotothecinematogether.C.Dodifferentthingsseparately.【答案】8.B9.A10.C【解析】【原文】M:Hurryup.It’stimeforTV.W:Whatarewegoingtowatch?M:FootballgamebetweenGermanyandItaly.Itwillbeexciting.W:ButI’mnotinterestedinfootball.I’dliketoseeaTVfilm.M:Oh,no.YoucanseeaTVfilmanyotherday.W:Therewillbeotherfootballgamesanyotherday.M:Butthisgameisthemostimportantoftheseason.W:Well,ifyouinsistonwatchingthegame,I’llgo.M:Whereareyougoing?Areyouannoyedwithme?W:No,I’mgoingtothecinema.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Intheclassroom. B.Inthecomputerroom. C.Inthedormitory.12.Whatisthemangoingtodotomorrow?A.Togiveareportinclass.B.Tohandhisreadingreportin.C.Toplaytenniswiththewoman.13.Whycan’tthemandothereadingathome?A.Hewon’tgohometonight.B.Hedoesn’thaveacomputerathome.C.HiscomputerathomeisnotconnectedtotheInternet.【答案】11.B12.A13.C【解析】【原文】W:James,shallwegoandplaytennisnow?I’mtiredoffixingmyeyesightonthecomputerscreen.M:I’msorry,Daisy.I’mreadingsomemessagesontheInternet.Ican’tstopnow.W:Comeon,James.We’vebeensittingherethewholeafternoon.Whynotrelaxforawhile?M:I’dliketo,butIhavetofinishmyreadingtoday,andtomorrowI’mgoingtoreportitinProfessorHiggins’sclass.W:Can’tyoudothereadingthiseveningathome?M:No,Ican’t.MycomputerathomeisnotconnectedtotheInternet.W:Wouldyouliketodownloadthemessagesonmydiskandtakeithome?M:Goodidea.Thankyou!W:I’mleavingfirst.I’llseeyouonthetenniscourt.M:Seeyouinaminute.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Whatjobwouldthewomando?A.Cookmeals. B.Dohousework. C.Takecareofchildren.15.Howmanyhourswouldthewomanworkaweek?A.14hours. B.25hours. C.40hours.16.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewomanfromtheconversation?A.Sheiswellqualifiedforthejob.B.Shehasabigfamilytosupport.C.Shehasseveralchildren.【答案】14.C15.B16.A【解析】【原文】M:Iseefromyourletter,Mrs.Thomas.Wewouldbeinterestedinhavingyouworkforus.W:Well,thankyou.Ihavedonethiskindofworkbefore.Ilovechildren,and,ofcourse,Ididagoodjobraisingmyson.M:Areyouinterestedinpart-timeorfull-timeemployment?W:Onlyparttime,fortyhoursinoneweekistoomuchforme.M:Youknowpart-timeemployeesdon’tgetanyotherbenefitsexceptpay.W:Yes,Iknowthat.MayIaskifIcandecideonthehoursIwouldliketowork?M:Icanonlygiveyouthechoiceofworking7:00a.m.tillnoonornoontill5:00p.m.Ourpart-timeworkis25hoursperweek.W:IwouldprefertoworkinthemorningbecauseIhavealotofworktodoaroundthehouseeveryday.M:OK.Mrs.Thomas,orshouldIsayLily?You’rehired.Justsignyournameonthischart.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Newtechnology. B.Bluesea. C.Seaanimals.18.Whocangetaroundlikefishintheseaaccordingtothespeaker?A.Thedivers. B.Thescientists. C.Therobots.19.Whatconnectstheseawiththeland?A.Today’sdivingsuits. B.Newwirelesstechnology. C.Thenewestrobots.20.Whatistheuseoftheunderwaterhydrophones?A.Theycanproducesounds.B.Theycansendbackoceansounds.C.Theycanreceiveandrecordoceansounds.【答案】17.A18.C19.B20.C【解析】【详解】M:OK.That’sallforthenews.Now,ScienceReport.Thankstonewtechnology,wecanexploretheseainwaysthatwerenotimaginedjust30yearsago.Andpeopledon’tneedtotakesomanydangerousdives.Butiftheymust,theycanmovefreelyhundredsofmetersdownintoday’sdivingsuits.Thenewestrobotscanmovelikefishintheseaandgetaroundtheoceansbythemselves.Somevehiclescaneventravelallthewaytotheseafloor.NewwirelesstechnologyconnectstheseawiththelandbytheuseoftheInternet.Withinformationsentimmediately,scientistscanmakedecisionsalmostatthesametime.Andlet’snotforgettomentiontheunderwaterhydrophones.Thesecanreceiveandrecordoceansounds.Noiseintheoceans?Yes,indeed.Theseaisbynomeansthesilentworldwethoughtittobe.Thehydrophonesrecordearthquakes,andevensoundsmadebyfish.ThisinformationissentovertheInternetaswell.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AParis,thecapitalofFrance,hassomeattractivebridges.ThesearefourofthemostbeautifulbridgesinParis:someiniconic(标志性的)placesyou’veseeninthemovies,andothersinquietplacesthatyou’lldelightindiscovering.PontdesArtsConnectingtheLouvreMuseumtotheInstitutdeFrance,thePontdesArts,firstbuiltbyNapoleonBonapartein1804andreconstructedinthe1970s,isabridgeonlyforpeoplewalkingthatisbelovedbytouristsandlocalsalike.Inthespringandsummermonths,ParisiansandvisitorscomehereforlazypicnicsoverlookingtheSeine.PontMarleThislovelybutlittle-knownbridgeisagatewaybetweentheMaraisdistrictontherightbankandanaturalislandontheSeineRiver.Thecurrentstonestructuredatestoaround1670,followingafireonitswoodenstructurethatdestroyedmuchoftheoriginalbridgeandthehousesthatoncestoodonit.Ithasremainedmuchthesamesincethe18thcentury,makingitoneofParis’oldestbridges.PontAlexandreⅢThePontAlexandreⅢisprobablythemostattractiveofParis’manybridges.Builtbetween1896and1900,itconnectsthedesInvalideswiththegardensofthePetitPalais.It’safterdarkthatyoucanbestappreciateitsdelicatestatuesandotherdecorativeelements.PontNeufFirstbuiltin1578byKingHenryⅢ,PontNeufhasseennumerousreconstructionsandchangesoverthecenturies.ButitconservesitsRoman-inspiredarch(拱形)structures.Thisisalovelybridgethatofferseasyandpicturesqueaccesstotheleftandrightbank.Havesomeicecream,explorethelovelyriversidepathsandenjoyviewsofNotreDameCathedral.21.WhatisspecialaboutthePontdesArts?A.Ithasbeenrebuiltmanytimes. B.ItisoneofParis’oldestbridges.C.Itisabridgeonlyforpeoplewalking. D.ItisthemostattractivebridgeinParis.22.Whichistheoldestamongthefourbridges?A.PontdesArts. B.PontMarie.C.PontAlexandreⅢ D.PontNeuf.23.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Aguidebook. B.Ahealthmagazine.C.Anewsreport. D.Abookreview.【答案】21.C22.D23.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了法国首都巴黎有一些很有吸引力的桥梁。【21题详解】细节理解题。文章PontdesArts段讲到“ConnectingtheLouvreMuseumtotheInstitutdeFrance,thePontdesArts,firstbuiltbyNapoleonBonapartein1804and

reconstructedinthe1970s,isabridgeonlyforpeoplewalkingthatisbelovedbytouristsandlocalsalike.(连接卢浮宫和法兰西学院的艺术桥(PontdesArts)是1804年由拿破仑·波拿巴(NapoleonBonaparte)建造的，在20世纪70年代重建，是一座仅供行人行走的桥，受到游客和当地人的喜爱。)”可知，艺术桥的特别之处是这是一座供人行走的桥。故选C。【22题详解】细节理解题。文章PontdesArts部分讲到“firstbuiltbyNapoleonBonapartein1804(1804年由拿破仑·波拿巴首次建造)”、PontMarie.部分讲到“Thecurrentstonestructuredatestoaround1670(目前的石头结构可以追溯到1670年左右)”、PontAlexandreⅢ部分讲到“Builtbetween1896and1900(建于1896年至1900年)”以及PontNeuf部分讲到“Firstbuiltin1578byKingHenryⅢ(始建于1578年，由国王亨利三世建造)”可知，四座桥中最古老的是PontNeuf。故选D。【23题详解】推理判断题。文章第一段讲到“Paris,thecapitalofFrance,hassomeattractivebridges.ThesearefourofthemostbeautifulbridgesinParis:someiniconic(标志性的)placesyou’veseeninthemovies,andothersinquietplacesthatyou’lldelightindiscovering.(法国首都巴黎有一些很有吸引力的桥梁。这是巴黎最美丽的四座桥：一些在你在电影中看到的标志性地方，另一些在你乐于发现的安静地方。)”可知，本文大概出自一本指南。故选A。BAttheageof24,mostpeoplearestilltryingtofigureouttheirwayintheworld.NotforKylianMbappe.TheFrenchmanisonhiswaytogreatnessalready.MbappebecameknowntotheworldintheRussianWorldCupof2018.Atthattime,hewasjuststartingoutinhiscareer.Butheshowedeveryonethathehadalloftheskillsofagreatfootballplayer.Hewasthescoreroffourgoalsthen.AndafteronlytwoWorldCups,theyoungmanhasalreadyscored12WorldCupgoals.MessionlyhasonemoregoalthanhimoverthecourseoffiveWorldCups.Mbappe’sperformanceinthe2022WorldCupfinal(决赛)wasperfect.ButthefinalnightbelongedtoArgentina.Messiandhisteammatesperformedalittlebitbetter.Mbappe,however,isconfidentofhisabilitytomakehismarkinfutureWorldCups.Afterall,hehasjustturned24.Ifheremainsinjury-free,heshouldhaveatleasttwomoreWorldCupsaheadofhim.Afterall,it’scommonforplayerstogethurtinthefield.IfheplaysforaslongasMessi,thatnumberwillrisetothree.Thefutureisuncertain,butweknowonethingforsure:Mbappewillcontinuetochallengehimself.“I’veneversaidIwasgoingtobethegreatestplayerinhistory,”saidMbappe.“ButI’veneverputlimits(极限)onmyself.”Let’swaitforhiswonderfulperformanceinTheFIFAWorldCup.America\Mexico\Canada2026.24.Mbappehasjoinedin___________WorldCups.A.two B.three C.four D.five25.___________wonthe2022WorldCup.A.France B.Russia C.America D.Argentina26.Theunderlinedword“injury-free”inParagraph3probablymeans“___________”.A.无忧无虑的 B.不受损伤的 C.信心十足的 D.完美无缺的27.WhatdoesthewriterthinkofMbappe?A.HeisagreatfootballplayerinRussia. B.Heistooyoungtobethewinner.C.Hewillbecomebetterandbetter. D.Hedoesn’tplayaswellasMessi.【答案】24.A25.D26.B27.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了法国足球运动员基利安·姆巴佩（KylianMbappe）的足球成就和他在世界杯上的表现。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“MbappebecameknowntotheworldintheRussianWorldCupof2018.Atthattime,hewasjuststartingoutinhiscareer.Butheshowedeveryonethathehadalloftheskillsofagreatfootballplayer.Hewasthescoreroffourgoalsthen.AndafteronlytwoWorldCups,theyoungmanhasalreadyscored12WorldCupgoals.(Mbappe在2018年俄罗斯世界杯上为世界所知。那时，他的事业才刚刚起步。但他向所有人展示了他拥有一个伟大足球运动员的所有技能。当时他进了四个球。在仅仅两届世界杯之后，这个年轻人已经打进了12个世界杯进球)”可知，Mbappe参加了两节世界杯。故选A项。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Mbappe’sperformanceinthe2022WorldCupfinal(决赛)wasperfect.ButthefinalnightbelongedtoArgentina.Messiandhisteammatesperformedalittlebitbetter.(Mbappe在2022年世界杯决赛中的表现堪称完美。但最后一晚属于阿根廷。梅西和他的队友们表现得更好一些)”可推知，阿根廷赢得了2022年世界杯。故选D项。【26题详解】词句猜测题。根据后文“heshouldhaveatleasttwomoreWorldCupsaheadofhim.Afterall,it’scommonforplayerstogethurtinthefield.(他应该至少还有两届世界杯在等着他。毕竟，球员在球场上受伤是很常见的)”可知，此处提到球员在球场上受伤是很常见，所以划线单词所在句子，应是表达“如果他没有受伤，他应该至少还有两届世界杯在等着他”之意。由此可知，划线词injury-free应是“不受损伤的”之意。故选B项。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thefutureisuncertain,butweknowonethingforsure:Mbappewillcontinuetochallengehimself.“I’veneversaidIwasgoingtobethegreatestplayerinhistory,”saidMbappe.“ButI’veneverputlimits(极限)onmyself.”Let’swaitforhiswonderfulperformanceinTheFIFAWorldCup.(未来是不确定的，但我们知道一件事是肯定的：Mbappe将继续挑战自己。“我从来没有说过我会成为历史上最伟大的球员，”Mbappe说。“但我从不给自己设限。”让我们拭目以待他在世界杯上的精彩表现吧)”可推知，作者认为Mbappe会变得越来越好。故选C项。CYoumaynotknowalotofpeoplewhenyoustartseniorhighschool.Maybeyourfriendsfromjuniorhighschoolaregoingtoadifferentseniorhighschool.Evenifyouknowotherfreshmen(一年级学生),youstillfeeljitterythatyoudon’tknowanyupperclassmen.Howareyougoingtomakefriendsamongthisseaofunknownfaces?Mostseniorhighschoolsholdthefreshmanorientation(迎新会)beforeschoolactuallystarts.Itishelpfulbecauseyounotonlylearnyourwayaroundthebuildingbutalsogettomeetsomeofyourteachersandfellowfreshmen.Thatway,whenyoushowuponyourfirstdayofschool,youmayalreadyrecognizeafewfamiliarfaces.Whenyoutalktopeopleatorientation,you’llprobablyfindthatalotofthemarefeelingjustlikeyouare.They’reallnewtotheschoolanddon’tknowwhattoexpect.Talkingaboutacommonconcernwithyourclassmatescanhelpyoudevelopfriendships.Theworkinseniorhighschoolissomethingfreshmenareprobablyworriedabout.Itbuildsonwhatyoulearnedinjuniorhighschool,givingyouamoreadvanced(高深的)knowledgeofmanysubjects.Soyoumayfindyouhavemoreworktodoorthatit’sabitmorechallenging.Ifyoueverfindyourworktoodifficult,teacherscangiveyouextrahelp.Seniorhighschoolalsohasmoreafter-schoolactivitiesthanjuniorhighschool,suchasclubs,musicandtheatergroupsandsportsteams.Thisisagoodtimetoexploreyourinterestsandtrynewthings.Juniorhighschooltaughtyouthebasicsoftimemanagementandsocialskillswhileprovidingyouwithalittleextrasupportandguidance.Seniorhighschoolgivesyouthechancetolearnhowtobemoreindependentandresponsible.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“jittery”meaninParagraph1?A.Proud. B.Confident. C.Anxious. D.Bored.29.Whatarefreshmenprobablyworriedabout?A.Thelearningtask. B.Thefreshmanorientation.C.Theabilitytomakefriends. D.Therelationshipwithteachers.30.Whatdoafter-schoolactivitiesmainlyhelpstudentstodo?A.Developfriendships. B.Developtheirinterests.C.Builduptheirstrength. D.Improvetheirlearningability.31.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Whatyoulearnedinjuniorhighschool.B.Theimportanceofbeingmoreindependent.C.Howtoimproveyourselfinseniorhighschool.D.Thedifferencebetweenjuniorhighschoolandseniorhighschool.【答案】28.C29.A30.B31.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了高中新生入学时所面临的一些问题并给出了合理的建议，同时本文还介绍了高中与初中的差异。【28题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“thatyoudon’tknowanyupperclassmen(你不认识任何学长)”及常识可知，你因为不认识任何学长感到焦虑和紧张。由此可知，划线词jittery的意思是“紧张不安的”，和anxious意思相近。故选C。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Theworkinseniorhighschoolissomethingfreshmenareprobablyworriedabout.(高中的功课可能是新生们最担心的事情)”可知，新生们担心的事情可能是高中的学习任务。故选A。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Seniorhighschoolalsohasmoreafter-schoolactivitiesthanjuniorhighschool,suchasclubs,musicandtheatergroupsandsportsteams.Thisisagoodtimetoexploreyourinterestsandtrynewthings.(高中的课外活动也比初中多，比如俱乐部、音乐和戏剧团体以及运动队。这是探索你的兴趣和尝试新事物的好时机)”可知，课外活动主要是帮助学生培养兴趣。故选B。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Juniorhighschooltaughtyouthebasicsoftimemanagementandsocialskillswhileprovidingyouwithalittleextrasupportandguidance.Seniorhighschoolgivesyouthechancetolearnhowtobemoreindependentandresponsible.(初中教会了你基本的时间管理和社交技巧，同时也给了你一些额外的支持和指导。高中给了你学习如何更加独立和负责任的机会)”可知，最后一段主要是关于初中和高中的区别。故选D。DWhydidChinesepeoplehavemorethanonenameinancienttimes?InancientChina,people’snameshadthreeparts,theirfamilyname,givennameandcourtesyname.TakefamouspoetLiBaiforexample.Hisfamilyname,whichcamefromhisfather’sname,wasLi.HisgivennamewasBai,andhiscourtesynamewasTaibai.Peopleusedtheirgivennameswhentheywereamongfamilymembers.Butinsociallife,theycalledeachotherbytheircourtesynamestoshowrespect.Thiswasmostlydoneamongpeopleofsimilarages.Ifyouweretalkingaboutyourself,orifyoureldersweretalkingaboutyou,thegivennamewouldbeusedinsteadofthecourtesyname.Menwouldgettheircourtesynameswhentheyturned20.Itwasasymbolofadulthood(成年礼).Womenwouldgettheircourtesynamesaftergettingmarried.One’scourtesynameoftenhadsomethingtodowithone’sgivenname.Forexample,thenameofMenciuswasMengKe.HiscourtesynamewasZiyu.BothKeandZiyumean“carriage(马车)”.ZhugeLiang’sgivennamewasLiang,whichmeans“bright”.HiscourtesynamewasKongming,whichmeans“verybright”.32.Howmanypartsarethereinpeople’snamesinancientChina?A.3. B.4. C.5. D.6.33.Whydidpeoplecalleachotherbytheircourtesynamesinsociallife?A.Toshowtheirlove. B.Toshowtheirgoodrelationship.C.Toshowtheirkindness. D.Toshowtheirrespect.34.Accordingtothepassage,whatnamewouldbeusedifyoureldersweretalkingaboutyou?A.Familyname. B.Nickname.C.Givenname. D.Courtesyname.35.Howdoesthewriterdevelophisideainthelastparagraph?A.Bytellingstories. B.Bygivingexamples.C.Bycomparingdifferences. D.Bylistingnumbers.【答案】32.A33.D34.C35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是为什么中国人在古代有不止一个名字。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“InancientChina,people’snameshadthreeparts,theirfamilyname,givennameandcourtesyname.(在中国古代，人们的名字有三部分：姓、名和表字。)”可知，中国古代人名有三个部分，故选A。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Butinsociallife,theycalledeachotherbytheircourtesynamestoshowrespect.(但在社交生活中，他们互相称呼对方的表字以示尊重。)”可知，在社会生活中，人们用表字来称呼对方是为了表示尊重，故选D。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Ifyouweretalkingaboutyourself,orifyoureldersweretalkingaboutyou,thegivennamewouldbeusedinsteadofthecourtesyname.(如果你在谈论你自己，或者你的长辈在谈论你，应该用名而不是表字。)”可知，如果你的长辈谈论你，他们会用名，故选C。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Forexample,thenameofMenciuswasMengKe.HiscourtesynamewasZiyu.BothKeandZiyumean“carriage(马车)”.ZhugeLiang’sgivennamewasLiang,whichmeans“bright”.HiscourtesynamewasKongming,whichmeans“verybright”.(例如，孟子的名字是孟轲。他的表字叫子舆。“轲”和“子舆”的意思都是“马车”。诸葛亮的名字是亮，意思是“明亮”。他的表字是孔明，意思是“非常明亮”。)”可知，作者在最后一段是通过举例来阐述他的观点的，故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoIntroduceYourselfinClassIntroducingyourselftoaclass,whetheryouarethestudentortheteacher,canfeelfrightening._____36_____Standupwhenit'syourturntointroduceyourself.Thiswillmakeyouappearmoreconfident.___37___Itmayfeelawkwardtostandup,butyourintroductionwillbeovermorequicklythanyouthink.Smilewhenyouspeak.Evenifyouaresupernervous,smilingwillmakeyourvoicesoundcalmerandwillhelpyoumaskthatnervousness.___38___Speakwithconfidence.Youwanteveryonetobeabletohearyou,sowhenyouintroduceyourself,dosoinaclear,loudvoice.____39____Giveyournamefirst.It'shelpfultogiveyourfirstname,pause,andthengiveyourfirstandlastname,like“Hello,mynameisJune,JuneThompson.”Therepetitionmakesitmorelikelythatotherswillrememberyourname.____40____Ifyouareinvolvedinsportsorhavepetsorliketotravel,theendofyourintroductionisagoodplacetogivethisinformation.Youcouldsaysomethinglike,“WhenI'mnotstudying,Iliketotrainforandruninhalf-marathons.”Thisgivesyourclassmatesandteacheramemorableactivitytotietoyourname.A.Shareinformationaboutyourfamily.B.Herearesomesuggestionsthatcanhelp.C.Don'tbeshyorstaredownattheground.D.That'sbecauseyouarenervousbeforestrangers.E.Offerpersonaldetails,likehobbiesorinterestsyouhave.F.Thiswillalsohelpyouspeakmoreclearlythanifyouweretostayseated.G.Italsoshowsyourclassmatesandyourteacherthatyouarefriendlyandapproachable.【答案】36.B37.F38.G39.C40.E【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文就如何在课堂上自我介绍给出几点建议。【36题详解】根据文章标题“HowtoIntroduceYourselfinClass(如何在课堂上自我介绍)”及后文几条建议可知，B项“Herearesomesuggestionsthatcanhelp.(以下是一些有帮助的建议)”呼应标题并引出下文。故选B。【37题详解】F项“Thiswillalsohelpyouspeakmoreclearlythanifyouweretostayseated.(这也会帮助你比坐着说话更清晰)”中的This指段落小标题“Standupwhenit'syourturntointroduceyourself.(轮到你自我介绍的时候站起来)”，其中Standup与stayseated作比较。故选F。【38题详解】G项“Italsoshowsyourclassmatesandyourteacherthatyouarefriendlyandapproachable.(它也向你的同学和老师展示了你的友好和平易近人)”中的also说明此句承接了前文“Evenifyouaresupernervous,smilingwillmakeyourvoicesoundcalmerandwillhelpyoumaskthatnervousness.(即使你非常紧张，微笑也会让你的声音听起来更平静，帮助你掩饰紧张)”所表述的微笑的作用。故选G。【39题详解】本段小标题是自信的说话，下面展开叙述。C项“Don'tbeshyorstaredownattheground.(不要害羞或低头盯着地面)”中的“Don'tbeshy”呼应了段落小标题“Speakwithconfidence.(自信地说话)”。故选C。【40题详解】根据本段内容可知，这里在表述个人的兴趣和爱好，结合“Youcouldsaysomethinglike,“WhenI'mnotstudying,Iliketotrainforandruninhalf-marathons.”(你可以这样说，“当我不学习的时候，我喜欢参加半程马拉松的训练和跑步。”)”中的“liketo”可知，与E项“Offerpersonaldetails,likehobbiesorinterestsyouhave.(提供个人具体信息，比如你的爱好或兴趣)”中的“hobbiesorinterests”呼应。故选E。【点睛】第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mr.GuoisateacherfromXi’an.Heaskedhisstudentstohandintheir____41____throughaQRcode.(二维码)“Whenstudentsfinishtheirhomework,they____42____itonWeChat.TheneachstudentmakeshisownQRcodeandgivesitto____43____.”saidMrGuo.“SoIcanchecktheirworkeverywhereusingmycomputer____44____telephone.TheQRcodescanbesenttoMr.Guobyemail,QQandWeChat.____45____Guoscans(扫描)hisstudents’QRcodes,theirhomeworkappearsonhisphone.Hefindsthattheirhomework____46____morecreativewithmanypictures,musicandevenvideos.Guo’sstudentslikethe____47____wayandthinkitisinteresting.“Wearelivingintheinformationage.Manystudentsliketowork____48____computerswhichmakeslearningmorefun,”saidTom,astudentofGuo’s.Mr.Guothinksthe____49____isnoteasytokeep,butthecodeiseasytokeepandshare.Itisworth_____50_____tousenewtechnologyineducation.Hedoesn’twanthisstudentstofallbehindthe_____51_____.However,someparentsareworried.Theyareafraidthattheirchildrenwillspend_____52_____timeoncomputers.Butinfact,it’sunnecessary.ForStudents,theystillneedto_____53_____informationinbooksandwriteitdownwhentheydotheirhomework.They_____54_____usethecodewhentheyhandintheirwork.Also_____55_____teachers,itallowsthemtocheckthestudents’workatanytime.Andit’salsoaneasywaytosharehomeworkwithotherstudents.41.A.opinion B.homework C.example D.story42.A.keep B.end C.start D.agree43A.me B.her C.him D.us44.A.but B.as C.or D.neither45.A.Although B.Unless C.How D.When46.A.shows B.becomes C.turns D.feels47.A.new B.difficult C.crazy D.happy48.A.with B.for C.in D.to49.A.condition B.paper C.progress D.course50.A.starting B.fighting C.looking D.trying51.A.times B.queues C.lines D.students52.A.muchtoo B.toomuch C.manytoo D.toomany53.A.giveup B.takeup C.turnup D.lookup54.A.also B.hardly C.only D.mainly55.A.with B.as C.for D.to【答案】41.B42.A43.A44.C45.D46.B47.A48.A49.B50.D51.A52.B53.D54.C55.C【解析】【导语】本文为一篇夹叙夹议文。郭老师运用微信二维码让学生上交作业，学生们很喜欢这种方式，虽然一些家长会担心，但是这是没有必要的。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他要求学生通过二维码上交作业。A.opinion观点；B.homework家庭作业；C.example例子；D.story故事。根据下文“finishtheirhomework”可知，此处表示上交作业。故选B项。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“当学生完成作业后，他们把它放在微信上。然后每个学生制作自己的二维码，并把它给我。”郭老师说。A.keep保留；B.end结束；C.start开始；D.agree同意。根据“Whenstudentsfinishtheirhomework”可知，当学生们完成作业后，会保留在微信上。故选A项。【43题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意同上。A.me我；B.her她；C.him他；D.us我们。根据“saidMrGuo.”可知，郭老师是一位老师，所以等待学生将作业交给自己，此处为直接引语，应用第一人称单数。故选A项。【44题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：所以我可以用我的电脑或手机随时查看他们的工作。A.but但是；B.as随着，由于；C.or或者；D.neither两者都不。根据“computer”及“telephone”可知，老师可以用电脑或者手机查看工作，两者为选择关系。故选C项。【45题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：当郭老师扫描学生的二维码时，他们的作业就会出现在他的手机上。A.Although尽管；B.Unless除非；C.How如何；D.When当……时。根据“theirhomeworkappearsonhisphone”可知，当郭老师扫描二维码时，就会看到学生们的作业。故选D项。【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他发现，有了许多图片、音乐甚至视频，他们的作业变得更有创意了。A.shows展示；B.becomes变成；C.turns转动；D.feels感觉。根据“withmanypicturesmusicandevenvideos”可知，有了图片、音乐或者视频，作业变得更有创造力。故选B项。【47题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：郭老师的学生们喜欢这种新方式，认为它很有趣。A.new新的；B.difficult困难的；C.crazy疯狂的；D.happy开心的。根据上文“Heaskedhisstudentstohandintheir1throughaQRcode.(二维码)”和本句“thinkitisinteresting”可知，郭老师的学生们认为这是有趣的，因为这是一种新的方式。故选A项。【48题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：许多学生喜欢使用电脑，这使得学习更有趣。A.with与……一起；B.for为了、对于……来说；C.in在……里；D.to向，朝，往。根据“work____8____computers”可知，此处表示用电脑工作，介词with符合搭配。故选A项。【49题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：郭老师认为纸张不容易保存，但代码很容易保存和共享。A.condition条件；B.paper纸张；C.progress进步；D.course课程，过程。根据“butthecodeiseasytokeepandshare”可知，传统的在纸张上写的作业保存不容易，但是代码保存很容易。故选B项。【50题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在教育中使用新技术是值得尝试的。A.starting开始；B.fighting战斗；C.looking看；D.trying尝试。根据“tousenewtechnologyineducation”可知，郭老师认为在教育中使用新技术是值得尝试的。故选D项。【51题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他不希望他的学生落后于时代。A.times时代；B.queues队伍；C.lines线；D.students学生。根据上文“usenewtechnologyineducation”可知，郭老师不希望他的学生落后于时代。故选A项。【52题详解】考查短语词义辨析。句意：他们担心他们孩子会花太多时间在电脑上。A.muchtoo太；B.t