高一英语下学期5月第三次月考（天津卷）高一英语单元重难点易错题精练

20232024学年高一下学期5月第三次月考（天津卷）英语（考试时间：100分钟试卷满分：120分）注意事项：1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1．—Ifailedinthedrivingtestagain.Sorrytoletyoudown.—________?I’vehelpedyoupracticeenough.A．Sowhat B．Whynot C．Whoknows D．Howe2．—Oh,it'stoodifficultformetoworkouttheproblem.—Don'tworry.We'llworktogetherto________it.A．justify B．criticize C．deceive D．resolve3．Inorderforateamorgrouptobesuccessfuleveryonemustworkhard,and________.A．letoffsteam B．risetotheirfeetC．followaroute D．pulltheirweight4．Bothsideshave________fromthetalks.A．lost B．required C．received D．benefited5．Hewasdisappointedatthesightshesawinthefamousplaceofinterest,________nevertoebackagain.A．havingdetermined B．determinedC．todetermine D．tobedetermined6．Iftheycontinueabusingdrugs,intheenddruguserswillfindthemselvestrappedinaprison________theycannotescape.A．towhich B．fromwhich C．bywhich D．inwhich7．Withtwochildren_____middleschoolinthenearbytownnow,theparentsareworkinghard.A．toattend B．attendingC．attended D．havingattended8．Thereason________Tomfailedintheexamwas______hedidn’tworkhard.A．why;that B．that;why C．why;because D．forwhich;because9．—NowNanjingissobeautifulthatIcan’trecognizeitwhenIcameback.—Yes.Greatchanges________inthepasttenyears.A．hastakenplace B．tookplace C．takeplace D．havetakenplace10．________inthetrafficjam,Iusuallysetoutat7:00inthemorningfromhomebycar.A．Toavoidtobecaught B．Toavoidbeingcaught.C．Avoidingbeingcaught D．Avoidingtobecaught11．Wehadtobreak_______ourhouseafterourvacationbecausewehadlostthekeyonourwaybackhome.A．in B．out C．down D．into12．______inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.A．Dressed B．TodressC．Dressing D．Havingdressed13．Focusyourattention________yourstudywhileintheclassroom.A．with B．on C．in D．at14．Sheishopingto________afewbargains(便宜货)atthesales.A．pickup B．bringup C．takeup D．makeup15．—Shelooksveryhappy.She________theexam.—Iguessso.A．shouldhavepassed B．couldhavepassedC．mustpass D．musthavepassed第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1635各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。IdecidedtoskitotheNorthPole.ItwasafterIsawa(n)16inanewspaperlookingforpeopletojoinateamthatwould17350milestothemagneticNorthPole.Backin1996,awomanfromtheUKhadnever18thischallenge.Iwonderedwhatitwouldbeliketo19intemperaturesthatcold,soIsentofffortheapplicationform.Whentheapplicationform20,itsaid“AreYouManEnoughfortheUltimateChallenge?”anditwasfullofpicturesof21explorers.Iwasangryanddecidedthatwomencoulddoittoo,soitmademeevenmore22togetontheteam.Over500individuals23foraplaceintheteam,andtheselectionprocessincludedphysicalandpsychologicaltestsdesignedto24thebestgroup.OurtestwastopletetheSandhurstmilitaryassaultcourse,wheretheUK’sbestofficersaretrained,andit’snot

for25.Wehadtoclimbahugeropeladder,andIstoppedatthetopbecauseIhaveafearof26.Ithoughtallhopewas27.Buttwoothershelpedmeover,andlaterIfoundoutthattheorganizerswerenotlookingforamazing28,butgreatteamplayers,andthismomenthadshownthemwhowould29othersintheteam.Ihadalsoshownmyrealself,andinaplaceliketheArctic,youhavetobeyourself,30thereisnowheretohide.These31ofaskingforhelpandshowingyourrealselfarenecessaryforwomentomaster.

Irealizedthatbybeingmyself,Icould32.Iwaschosenfortheteam,andasaresultbecamethe33BritishwomantoskitotheMagneticNorthPole.IrealizedthatIcouldachievemorethanIever34waspossible—butmoreimportantly,bysharingmystorywithothers,Icould35themtotakeastepintotheunknown.16．A．notice B．report C．announcement D．advertisement17．A．run B．ski C．drive D．fly18．A．enjoyed B．ignored C．acplished D．received19．A．survive B．suffer C．exist D．hide20．A．passed B．appeared C．arrived D．returned21．A．female B．male C．proud D．brave22．A．determined B．confident C．excited D．satisfied23．A．waited B．looked C．applied D．cared24．A．train B．pick C．develop D．challenge25．A．everyone B．someone C．anyone D．noone26．A．heights B．silence C．loss D．changes27．A．left B．missed C．saved D．lost28．A．skiers B．team C．men D．individuals29．A．catchupwith B．stayawayfrom C．lookoutfor D．getridof30．A．as B．if C．unless D．though31．A．talents B．experiences C．lessons D．qualities32．A．try B．fail C．succeed D．improve33．A．excellent B．first C．noble D．extra34．A．admitted B．predicted C．remembered D．imagined35．A．allow B．inspire C．require D．promise第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ABetterChinaTripaimstobeabridgeforyouinChina.Whetheryouarehereonbusinessorsimplyforsightseeing,weofferyouacitytocitytransportation,tourguide,andinterpreterservice.WecanalsotrytoassistyouinansweringanyquestionsyoumighthavewithyourbusinessinChina.Forsightseers,weaimtoensureyouseethehighlightsofanyparticularcityorlocationyouwanttovisit.Youcaneitherresearchyourtripbyyourselfandbringusapreferreditinerary,ormakeuseofourexpertlocalknowledgetosuggestonetoyou.You’dbetterdiscussitwithusbeforeyoustartout;simplyemailorringusup.Youcanalsoregisteryourpersonalinformation,andbookanyserviceyouneed.Thefollowingareourservicesthatyoucanorder.WehaveBeijingcarrental,Beijingvan(货车)rental,andBeijingdriverservices.BetterChinaTripprovidescarrentalservicesinBeijing,Shanghai,Guangzhou,Shenzhen,Xi’an,Guilin,etc.Servicesavailable:1.Car,vanandbusrentalforbusiness/shopping/sightseeing.2.TranslatorsandinterpretersfromChinesetoEnglish,Spanish,Portuguese,French,German,Italian,Russian,etc.3.Beijingairporttransfers(pickupanddropoff).4.Hotelandairortrainticketsbooking.5.Tourguides&servicesfortheGreatWall,TiananmenSquare,theForbiddenCity,theSummerPalace,theTempleofHeaven,theMingTombs,etc.6.TicketsbookingforKungfushows,magic,PekingOpera,etc.7.Healthcare:traditionalChinesemassage(按摩),footmassage,bodymassage.8.ExperiencinglocalBeijingHutonglifebytricycle.Contactus:Youcanvisitourwebsiteat:betterchinatrip.Tel:01084026538(withinChina);00861084026538(outsideChina);36．WhomwillBetterChinaTripservemainly?A．ThecitizenswholiveorworkinBeijing.B．WhoeverhaslanguagedifficultyinChina.C．WhoevertravelsordoesbusinessinChina.D．TheathletesingtoBeijingforbiggames.37．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“itinerary”probablymean?A．Livingcondition.B．Aplanforajourney.C．Aperfectworkingplan.D．Ashoppingarrangement.38．Whenisthebesttimeforyoutocontacttheservicepany?A．Beforeyousetout.B．WhenyouarriveinBeijing.C．Whenyouhaveanytrouble.D．Afteryoustartyourtravel.39．Withthehelpofthepanyyoucangettheserviceof_______.A．gettingapassporttogoabroadB．tourguideswhospeakmanylanguagesC．drivingyoutoanyplaceatanytimeD．gettingtheticketstoaKungfushow40．Wecanlearnfromthispassagethat_______.A．thispassageprobablyesfromacarmagazineB．youcanvisitplacesofinterestwithexperttourguidesC．youcanrideatricycletoanytouristattractioninBeijingD．BetterChinaTriponlyprovidescarrentalservicesinBeijingBRecentlymyfriendinvitedmetoherresidentialhall,whichisanAfricanAmericanthemedhall.Theyhavelotsofmeetingsandoutingsthere.SoIthoughtitwouldbefun.Onthisparticulardaytheywerehavingapancakebreakfast,justatimetomix.Iwasexcitedtobethere,too.Iwalkedinatatimewhentheminipartywasatitspeak.Ifoundmyfriend;excitedly,wehuggedandsheledmetoaseatintheback.Wesatthereforsometime.Isensedsomesortofdiscrimination.Iwondered,werewejustisolatingourselvesorwerewefacingdiscrimination?Myfriend’sbreakfastcameinfirst,anditwasaplatefullofcolors.Mymouthwatered.Ihavealwayslikedrainbowdishes:theymakemehungry.Sheletmepickpancakesandfruit;weateandonlythenbegantotalk.TheblackAmericancontemporarymusicwasextremelyloud.Someboysandgirlswerebeatingthetablesandsomeguysonthestageweredancinginwhatlookedlikeakindofpetition.Wetalkedaboutvarioussubjects:hair,boys,shoesandbooks.Andthenwegottoit.“WhatdoAfricanAmericansthinkofAfricans?”Weargued.ItoldherIthoughtAfricanAmericanswerehaughty.Whydidtheysidelineus?Whenwemetinanarrowpassageandoureyesmet,theyquicklylookedasidebeforewegreeted.Why?Weren’tweallblack?Imean,wasn’tthisexactlythereasonwhytherewasanAfricanAmericanthemedhousetobeginwith?DidtheylookdownuponusbecausetheygrewupinAmericaandweinSubSaharanAfrica?Ohyes,Ifeltthiswasit!TheybelievedthatwewereHIVpositiveandthatthegiraffeswererightbehindourhuts.Myfrienduttered,“No!”Andthenshecontinued：“Ialsothoughtsoatonepointbutafterlivingwiththeseguys,Igottoadifferentconclusionaltogether.TheseguysarenotfromAfrica.Theywerenotbornthereandmayhaveneverbeenthere.Wecan’texpectthemtonaturallylikeusorbond.Wearedifferent.Skincoloristheskincolor.”41．ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph2thattheauthor________.A．isanAfricanAmerican B．isanAmericanAfricanC．waslatefortheparty D．wascrazyaboutparties42．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthebreakfast?A．Delicious. B．Justsoso.C．Abitsalty. D．Alittlesweet.43．Theunderlinedword“haughty’’inParagraph6isclosestinmeaningto“________”.A．kindhearted B．modestC．fashionable D．proud44．WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4?A．Theyhadagoodtimeattheparty.B．Theyturneddownthemusicforme.C．Someofthembrokethetables.D．Theyhadapetitionattheparty.45．WhichstatementisNOTtrueaccordingtothistext?A．TheauthorwasbroughtupinSubSaharanAfrica.B．Thefriendhadthesameideaastheauthorbefore.C．TheAfricanAmericansareborninAmerica.D．TheAfricanAmericanshavenothinginmonwithAfricans.CSincethe1970s,scientistshavebeensearchingforwaystolinkthebrainwithputers.Brainputerinterface(BCI)technologycouldhelppeoplewithdisabilitiessendorderstomachines.Recently,tworesearchers,JoseMillanandMicheleTavellafromtheFederalPolytechnicSchoolinLausanne,Switzerland,showedasmallroboticwheelchairdirectedbyaperson’sthoughts.Inthelaboratory,Tavellaoperatedthewheelchairjustbythinkingaboutmovinghisleftorrighthand.Hecouldeventalkashewatchedthewheelchairandguideditwithhisthoughts.“Ourbrainhasbillionsofnervecells(神经细胞).Thesesendsignalsthroughthespinalcord(脊髓)tothemuscles(肌肉)togiveustheabilitytomove.Butspinalcordinjuriesorotherconditionscanpreventtheseweakelectricalsignalsfromreachingthemuscles.”Tavellasays.“Oursystemallowsdisabledpeopletomunicatewithoutsideworldandalsotocontrolthemachine.”Theresearchersdesignedaspecialcapfortheuser.Thisheadcoverpicksupthesignalsfromthescalp(头皮)andsendsthemtoaputer.Theputerunderstandsthesignalsanddirectsthemotorizedwheelchair.Thewheelchairalsohastwocamerasthatrecognizeobjectsinitspath.Theyhelptheputerreacttoordersfromthebrain.Prof.Millan,theteamleader,saysscientistskeepimprovingtheputer,softwarethatunderstandsbrainsignalsandturnsthemintosimpleorders.“ThepracticalpossibilitiesthatBCItechnologyofferstodisabledpeoplecanbedividedintotwokinds:munication,andcontrollingthemachine.Oneexampleisthiswheelchair.”Hesayshisteamhassettwogoals.Oneistestingwithrealpatients,soastoprovethatthisisatechnologytheycanbenefitfrom.Andtheotheristoensurethattheycanusethetechnologyoverlongperiodsoftime.46．BCIisatechnologythatcan________.A．helptoupdateputersystemsB．linkthehumanbrainwithputersC．helpthedisabledtobeewellD．controlaperson’sthoughts47．HowdidTavellaoperatethewheelchairinthelaboratory?________A．Bycontrollinghismuscles.B．Bytalkingtothemachine.C．Bymovinghishand.D．Byusinghismind.48．WhichofthefollowingshowsthepathofthesignalsdescribedinParagraph5?A．scalp→puter→cap→wheelchairB．pute→cap→scalp→wheelchairC．scalp→cap→puter→wheelchairD．cap→puter→scalp→wheelchair49．Theteamwilltestwithrealpatientsto________.A．makeprofitsfromthem B．provethetechnologyusefultothemC．makethemlivelonger D．learnabouttheirphysicalcondition50．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?________A．Switzerland,theBCIResearchCenterB．NewFindingsAboutHowtheHumanBrainWorksC．BCICouldMeanMoreFreedomfortheDisabledD．puterTechnologyCouldHelptoCureBrainInjuriesDImprovingmemoryisimportanttosuccessinstudying.Butisthereanythingthatwecandoaboutit?Onesolutionmightbewalkingbackwards.AccordingtoanewstudypublishedintheJournalofCognition,walkingbackwards,whetherdoingitreallyorjustimaginingitcanimprovethebrainpowerintheshortterm.Inthestudy,114volunteerswereaskedtowatchavideoinwhichawomanhadherbagstolen.Thentheyanswered20questionsabouttheinformationshowninthevideo.Tenminutesafterwatchingthevideo,thevolunteersweredividedintothreegroups.Thefirsttwogroupsweretoldtomoveforwardsorbackwards10meterswhilethethirdgroupwasaskedtostaystillonthesamepoint.Theresearchersfoundthatthebackwardswalkinggroupgottwomorecorrectanswersonaveragethantheothertwogroups.Thissuggeststhatarelationshipbetweentheconceptsoftimeandspaceisimportanttothewayourmindsformmemories,Whenwewalkbackwards,everythingwelearnbeesstrangetous.“Thisforcesthebraintothinkinadifferentway,”USscientistChristineWebertoldForbes.Italmostalwaysmeansthatourbrainneedstobemoreactiveinthelimitedtime.Naturally,ourshorttermmemorywillbeimprovedgreatly.Besidesimprovingourmemory,walkingbackwardsalsoplaysanimportantroleinphysicalhealth,especiallyfitness.Anotherstudyfoundthatwalkingbackwardsputslessstrain(压力)andrequiresasmallerrangeofmovementsfromthekneejoints(膝关节).Thus,there’slesspressureandpainintheknees.Inaddition,walkingbackwards,paredtowalkingforwards,ismorechallenging.Itrequiresyoutousemusclesandmovementsthatyouprobablyseldomuse,makingitaprefectwaytochangeyourexerciseroutineforgreaterfitnessgains.Meanwhile,bymakingpeopleputinextraeffort,itnaturallybumsmorefatandcalories.51．Whichgroupofpeopleperformedbestinthememorytest?A．Thestayingsillgroup. B．Theforwardwalkinggroup.C．Theimaginarywalkinggroup. D．Thebackwardwalkinggroup.52．Whatdoweknowaboutbackwardswalking?A．Itlimitsourthinkingtime.B．Itfollowsourexerciseroutine.C．Itcanincreasetheactivitiesofourbrain.D．Itdirectsourfocustoimportantinformation.53．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingParagraph3?A．Toaddanotherpointofthetopic. B．Toexplaintheresultoftheresearch.C．Topresentthemainideaofthepassage. D．Toprovidesomebackgroundinformation.54．Inwhatwaydoeswalkingbackwardsimprovepeople’shealth?A．Itcanmakepeople8jointsstronger. B．Itcanmakepeoplemoreenergetic.C．Itcankeeppeopleingoodshape. D．Itcanreducepeople’sstress.55．Wheredoesthepassageprobablyefrom?A．Anewsreview. B．Ahealthmagazine.C．Asciencetextbook. D．Aneducationalreport.第二部分:写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容完成下列各题。Whileotherteenagersmightbebusytakingcareoftheirpersonalpagesonlineorplayinggamesforhours,14yearoldJacksonOswaltfromMemphishasbeenbusydoingsomethingdifferent.Hehasspenthisfreetimebuildinghisownnuclearreactor(核反应堆)inhishome.Now,theboyispraisedbycityleadersforhisachievementasheistheyoungestpersontohaveachievednuclearfusion(核聚变).Atjust12yearsold,Jacksonchosetospendhistimeexploringhisinterestinnuclearphysics.AfterscouringtheInternet,thestudentlearnedofthestoryofTaylorWilson,anArkansasboywhowonrecognitioninthefieldofscienceastheyoungestpersontoachievenuclearfusionin2008attheageof14.Jacksonwasgreatlyinspiredbyhim.Theprocessofthenuclearexperimentisnoteasyatall.ButJacksonthoughtifWilsoncoulddoit,thenhecould,too.MaybehecouldevenbreakWilson’srecordintheprocess.Theboystartedhisprojectbyturninghisplayroomintoalaboratory.Thenheboughtdifferentkindsofthingstobuildownnuclearfusionreactor.“Thebeginningofthescientificresearchwasjustlearningaboutwhatotherpeoplehaddonewiththeirfusionreactors,”Jacksonsaid.Hisparentsspentnearly$8,000to$10,000supportinghisnuclearexperiment.“Withthemoney,IsearchedforandboughtthepartsthatIneeded.OftenthepartsIfoundwerenotexactlywhatIwanted,soIhadtomakeimprovementstothem.”Jackson’shardworkfinallypaidoff.Hoursbeforehis13thbirthday,hemadehistoryastheyoungestpersontoachievenuclearfusioninJanuarylastyear.Monthsaftertheproject,Jacksoncontinuedtotesthisfusionreactortofurtherprovehisproject.OnTuesday,MemphisCityleadersofficiallypraisedJackson’sachievementswitharesolution.56．WhathasJacksonOswaltspenthisfreetimedoing?(nomorethan10words)57．WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinPara.2probablymean?(1word)58．HowdidJacksonOswaltstarthisproject?(nomorethan10words)59．WhydidJacksonhavetomakeimprovementstotheparts?(nomorethan15words)60．WhatdoyouthinkofJacksonOswalt?Pleaseexplain.(nomorethan20words)第二节：书面表达（满分25分）61．假如你是新华中学的学生李津，你的美国笔友David来信提及他因为长期缺乏锻炼导致健康状况变糟，请用英语给他写一回信，内容包括：1.表达关心和担忧；2.推荐一种运动方式并说明理由；3.表示祝愿。注意：1.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；2.词数不少于100词(信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)。DearDavid，Howareyou?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LinJin参考答案：1．D【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——驾驶考试又没及格。很抱歉让你失望了。——怎么会这样？我已经帮你练习得够多了。A.Sowhat那又怎么样；B.Whynot为什么不呢；C.Whoknows谁知道呢；D.Howe怎么会这样。根据答语“I’vehelpedyoupracticeenough.”可知，此处表示对结果很意外，Howe（怎么会这样）符合语境。故选D。2．D【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：——噢，解决这个问题对我来说太难了。——别担心。我们一起解决它。A.justify证明正确，为辩护；B.criticize批判；C.deceive欺诈，误导；D.resolve解决。根据“it'stoodifficultformetoworkouttheproblem”可知，此处是指大家一起解决问题。故选D。3．D【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：为了使一个团队或群体成功，每个人都必须努力工作，尽自己的职责。A.letoffsteam宣泄感情；B.risetotheirfeet站起来；C.followaroute走一条路线；D.pulltheirweight做好分内的事；尽责。根据句意可知，为了团队的成功，每个人都应尽自己的职责。故选D项。4．D【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：双方都从会谈中获益。A.lost失去；B.required要求；C.received接收；D.benefited受益。benefitfrom为固定短语，意为“从……受益”。故选D。5．B【详解】考查形容词。句意:他对在这个著名的景点看到的景色很失望,决定再也不来了。分析句子结构可知，此处为句子的状语部分，根据固定短语bedeterminedtodosth.意为“下定决心做某事”可知，此处应为形容词短语作状语，说明主语的状态。故选B项。6．B【详解】考查定语从句。句意：如果他们继续滥用毒品，最终吸毒者会发现自己被困在一个无法逃脱的监狱里。空处引导定语从句，escapefrom为固定短语，意为“从……逃跑”，此处将from前置，先行词prison，指物，在定语从句中作介词from的宾语，需用关系代词which引导。故选B。7．B【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有两个孩子在附近的镇上上中学，父母正在努力工作。此处with+宾语+宾补结构，with一句中有明确的时间状语now，用现在分词表示进行，选项中只有B表示进行。选项A表将来；C表被动完成；D表attend动作发生主语动作areworking前。故选B。8．A【详解】考查定语从句和表语从句。句意：汤姆考试不及格的原因是他不努力。分析句子结构可知，第一空引导定语从句，先行词thereason，在定语从句中作原因状语，需用关系副词why引导；第二空引导表语从句，从句不缺成分，且引导词没有含义，需用连接词that引导。故选A。9．D【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：——现在南京太美了，以至于我回来的时候都认不出来了。——是的。在过去的十年里发生了巨大的变化。根据时间状语“inthepasttenyears”可知，此处使用现在完成时，主语为复数名词，助动词用have。故选D。10．B【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了避免遭遇交通堵塞，我通常早晨7点开车从家出发。分析句子结构可知此处应用不定式短语在句中充当目的状语，固定短语avoiddoingsth.“避免做某事”，主语I与catch构成被动关系，所以要用动名词的被动语态。故选B。11．D【详解】考查介词。句意：假期后我们必须得闯进家门了，因为在回来的路上我们把钥匙弄丢了。A.in进；B.out向外C.down向下；D.into进入。breakin打断；breakout爆发；breakdown出故障；breakinto闯进，破门而入。根据后文可知钥匙丢失，因此需要不使用钥匙进入家门，breakinto“闯进，破门而入”符合语境。故选D项。12．A【详解】考查非谓语动词：句意：穿着白色的制服，他看起来更像一个厨师而不是医生。固定搭配bedressedin“穿着”，此处去掉be动词，使用过去分词，作状语，选A。13．B【详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：在课堂上把注意力集中在学习上。A.with带有；B.on在……上；C.in在……里面；D.at在（表示存在或出现的地点、场所、位置、空间）。分析句子可知，空格处和前面的Focus构成固定短语focus…on…集中(注意力、精力等于)，因此介词on符合句意。故选B项。14．A【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她希望在大减价时买到几件便宜货。A.pickup(碰巧或廉价地)买到；B.bringup培育；C.takeup从事，举起；D.makeup构成，化妆。分析句子结构可知，此处为动词原形，结合句意可知，此处表示“(廉价地)买到”应为pickup，且表示主动意义。故选A项。15．D【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——她看起来很高兴。她一定通过了考试。——我想是的。根据“Shelooksveryhappy.”可知，“通过考试”发生在过去，表示对过去事实的肯定推测应用musthavedone。故选D。16．D17．B18．C19．A20．C21．B22．A23．C24．B25．A26．A27．D28．D29．C30．A31．D32．C33．B34．D35．B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者申请加入去北极的滑雪队并成功的故事。16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是在我看到报纸上的一则广告后，我想找人加入一个滑雪队，该滑雪队将滑雪350英里到达北极。A.notice注意；B.report报道；C.announcement公告；D.advertisement广告。根据“inanewspaperlookingfor”可知，是作者在报纸上看到这则广告才萌生这个想法。故选D。17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是在我看到报纸上的一则广告后，我想找人加入一个滑雪队，该滑雪队将滑雪350英里到达北极。A.run奔跑；B.ski滑雪；C.drive骑行；D.fly飞行。根据“IdecidedtoskitotheNorthPole.”可知，去北极应该是去滑雪。故选B。18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：早在1996年，一位来自英国的女性从未接受过这项挑战。A.enjoyed喜欢；B.ignored忽略；C.acplished实现；D.received得到。正是因为还没有女性实现这个挑战使用激励了作者。故选C。19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想知道在那么冷的温度下生存会是什么样子，所以我寄去了申请表格。A.survive生存；B.suffer经受；C.exist存在；D.hide隐藏。根据“intemperaturesthatcold”可知，这个挑战是要在寒冷条件下生存。故选A。20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当申请表被填上的时候，上面写着“你够勇敢吗?”A.passed通过；B.appeared出现；C.arrived到达；D.returned返回。根据“soIsentofffortheapplicationform”可知，前面提到作者想填申请表，这里是指作者拿到了申请表。故选C。21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：里面满是男性探险家的照片。A.female女性的；B.male男性的；C.proud自豪的；D.brave勇敢的。根据“Iwasangryanddecidedthatwomencoulddoittoo”可知，作者生气的原因是里面都是男性探险家的照片。故选B。22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很生气，并决定女性也可以这样做，所以这让我更坚定了加入这个团队的决心。A.determined坚定的；B.confident自信的；C.excited兴奋的；D.satisfied高兴的。根据“Iwasangryanddecidedthatwomencoulddoittoo,”可知，这里作者表达了想要进团队的坚定决心。故选A。23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：超过500人申请加入团队，选拔过程包括身体和心理测试，旨在挑选出最好的一组。A.waited等待；B.looked观察；C.applied申请；D.cared关心。applyfor申请加入。根据“andtheselectionprocessincludedphysicalandpsychologicaltestsdesignedto9thebestgroup.”可知，很多人申请加入去北极的团队。故选C。24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：超过500人申请加入团队，选拔过程包括身体和心理测试，旨在挑选出最好的一组。A.train训练；B.pick挑选；C.develop发展；D.challenge挑战。根据“andtheselectionprocessincludedphysicalandpsychologicaltests”可知，选拔的目的是为了从中挑选出最好的队伍。故选B。25．考查代词词义辨析。句意：我们的测试是完成桑德赫斯特军事攻击课程，英国最优秀的军官都是在那里接受训练的，这并不适合所有人。A.everyone每个人；B.someone某个人；C.anyone任何人；D.noone没有人。根据“OurtestwastopletetheSandhurstmilitaryassaultcourse,wheretheUK’sbestofficersaretrained,”可知，这里表示测试难度大，并不适合任何人。故选A。26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们必须爬一个巨大的绳梯，我在顶端停了下来，因为我恐高。A.heights高度；B.silence安静；C.loss丢失；D.changes改变。根据“Istoppedatthetop”可知，这里作者在高处停下是因为恐高。故选A。27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我以为所有的希望都破灭了。A.left丢下；B.missed错过；C.saved拯救；D.lost丢失。根据“Buttwoothershelpedmeover”可知，作者以为自己会失去所有的希望。故选D。28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但另外两个人帮了我，后来我发现，组织者寻找的不是出色的个人，而是优秀的团队成员，这一刻向他们展示了谁会为团队中的其他人着想。A.skiers滑雪者；B.team队伍；C.men男人；D.individuals个人。根据“butgreatteamplayers”可知，组织者寻找的不是出色的个人，而是优秀的团队成员。故选D。29．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：但另外两个人帮了我，后来我发现，组织者寻找的不是出色的个人，而是优秀的团队成员，这一刻向他们展示了谁会为团队中的其他人着想。A.catchupwith赶上；B.stayawayfrom远离；C.lookoutfor留心；D.getridof摆脱。根据“Buttwoothershelpedmeover,andlaterIfoundoutthattheorganizerswerenotlookingforamazing13,”可知，选拔的目的是寻找会留心为队里的其他人着想的人。故选C。30．考查连词词义辨析。句意：我也展示了真实的自我，在北极这样的地方，你必须做你自己，因为无处可藏。A.as因为；B.if如果；C.unless除非；D.though尽管。根据“youhavetobeyourself”可知，前后句为因果关系。故选A。31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些寻求帮助和展示真实自我的品质是女性必须掌握的。A.talents天赋；B.experiences经验；C.lessons课程；D.qualities品质。根据“askingforhelpandshowingyourrealself”可知，这些都是优秀的品质。故选D。32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到做我自己，我就能成功。A.try尝试；B.fail失败；C.succeed成功；D.improve提高。根据“Irealizedthatbybeingmyself,”可知，作者意识到做自己就能成功。故选C。33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我被选中了，结果成为了第一个滑雪到磁北极的英国女性。A.excellent优秀；B.first首先；C.noble高贵的；D.extra额外的。根据“Backin1996,awomanfromtheUKhadnever3thischallenge.”可知，作者是第一个成功的英国女性。故选B。34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到，我可以取得比我想象中更多的成就——但更重要的是，通过与他人分享我的故事，我可以激励他们向未知迈出一步。A.admitted允许；B.predicted预测；C.remembered记住；D.imagined想象。根据“IrealizedthatIcouldachievemore”可知，作者意识到获得的成就比想象中的更多。故选D。35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到，我可以取得比我想象中更多的成就——但更重要的是，通过与他人分享我的故事，我可以激励他们向未知迈出一步。A.allow允许；B.inspire激励；C.require要求；D.promise承诺。根据“IrealizedthatIcouldachievemorethanIever19waspossible—butmoreimportantly,bysharingmystorywithothers,”可知，作者通过自己的故事来激励大家。故选B。36．C37．B38．A39．D40．B【分析】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了BetterChinaTrip的相关信息。36．细节理解题。根据第一段“Whetheryouarehereonbusinessorsimplyforsightseeing,weofferyouacitytocitytransportation,tourguide,andinterpreterservice.”（无论您是出差还是观光，我们都为您提供城市到城市的交通、导游和翻译服务）可知，BetterChinaTrip主要服务于来中国旅游或者做生意的人。故选C项。37．词句猜测题。根据第一段“Youcaneitherresearchyourtripbyyourselfandbringusapreferreditinerary,ormakeuseofourexpertlocalknowledgetosuggestonetoyou.”（你可以自己研究一下你的旅行，给我们一个首选的itinerary，或者利用我们当地的专业知识给你推荐一个行程计划）可知，itinerary指的是“行程计划”故选B项。38．细节理解题。根据第一段“You’dbetterdiscussitwithusbeforeyoustartout;simplyemailorringusup.”（你最好在出发前和我们讨论一下，发邮件或打给我们。）由此可知，出发之前最好联系一下服务公司。故选A项。39．细节理解题。根据“6.TicketsbookingforKungfushows,magic,PekingOpera,etc.”（第六条预定功夫表演、魔术、京剧等演出的门票）可知，在公司的帮助下，你可以获得功夫表演的门票。故选D项。40．推理判断题。根据“Tourguides&servicesfortheGreatWall,TiananmenSquare,theForbiddenCity,theSummerPalace,theTempleofHeaven,theMingTombs,etc.”（享有长城、天安门广场、紫禁城、颐和园、天坛、十三陵等地的导游和服务。）由此判断出，你可以和专业导游一起参观名胜古迹。故选B项。41．C42．A43．D44．A45．D【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述最近朋友邀请作者参加了当地的非洲裔美国人的一次黑人主题活动，了解到当地黑人已经完全融入了当地社会，只是肤色不同而已。41．推理判断题。根据第二段“Iwalkedinatatimewhentheminipartywasatitspeak.(我走进来的时候，迷你派对正值高潮)”可知，作者到的时候已经是聚会的高潮了。由此推知，作者迟到了。故选C。42．推理判断题。根据第三段“Mymouthwatered.(我流口水了)”可推知，早餐是可口的。A.Delicious.美味的，可口的；B.Justsoso.一般般；C.Abitsalty.有点咸；D.Alittlesweet.有点甜。故选A。43．词句猜测题。根据划线所在的句子“Weargued.ItoldherIthoughtAfricanAmericanswerehaughty.Whydidtheysidelineus?Whenwemetinanarrowpassageandoureyesmet,theyquicklylookedasidebeforewegreeted.Why?Weren’tweallblack?(我们吵了起来，我告诉她，我认为非裔美国人很haughty。为什么把我们排挤在一边？当我们在一条狭窄的通道里相遇时，我们的目光相遇，他们在我们打招呼之前迅速地向一边看了看，为什么？我们不都是黑人吗？)”可知，在作者看来，非洲裔美国人排斥他人，与他们相遇时，目转向他处这都是高傲的表现。由此可知，划线词意为“傲慢的”。A.kindhearted热心的；B.modest谦虚的；C.fashionable时尚的；D.proud骄傲的。故选D。44．推理