北京卷2025届高三英语下学期5月全真冲刺试卷3含解析

PAGEPAGE15（北京卷）2025届高三英语下学期5月全真冲刺试卷3（含解析）（考试时间：90分钟试卷满分：100分）第一部分：学问运用（共两节，30分）完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）Iceandsnowwerebeatingthewindowandthewindalmostswepteverythingawayoutside.IwonderedhowIwouldgethome.The12-mileroutetookmeupanddownsteephillsandaroundsharpturns.Iwhisperedaprayerfor1.MyoldgreenBlazerSUVwasdoingwonderfullyovertheice-coveredroadway.ButasIclimbedoneofthesteepestandscariesthills,Inoticedthetireswereslipping,andIdecideditwastimeto2tofour-wheeldrive.Slowlythetires3theroad,andthetopcame4sight.Unfortunately,Ihadjustmadeitwhenthe5stopped.Ipushedandpulledthelever(档杆)—nothinghappened.Iwas6withsnowandiceballsaround.EventhoughIhadmetnooneonthislonelyroad,Ihopedsomeonemightcometo7.Afterafewminutes,I8anoldpickuptruck.AsmilingyoungmanI’dneverseenbeforerolleddownhiswindow,askingifIneededhelp.IensuredhimIdid.Thenheshowedmehowtooperatethefour-wheel-driveshiftinggear(齿轮),lockingitinto9.10,IgottheBlazerstarting.WhenIthankedthestrangerandaskedifhelivedaroundthearea,hejustsaid,“Oh,overthere.”DoIbelieveinangels?You55!1．A．liberty B．priority C．safety D．recovery2．A．attend B．appeal C．switch D．lead3．A．lostcontrolofB．tookchargeof C．gotalongwith D．heldonto4．A．into B．beyond C．over D．from5．A．wind B．snow C．vehicle D．driver6．A．hurt B．stuck C．engaged D．panicked7．A．life B．power C．help D．mind8．A．boarded B．missed C．called D．spied9．A．comfort B．scene C．action D．place10．A．Bynomeans B．Innotime C．Insomeway D．Inthemeanwhile【答案】CCDACBCDDB【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲解并描述了作者在风雪交加的一天开车回家，12英里的路途让作者在陡峭的山上上下颠簸，车辆在冰雪覆盖的路面上出现了问题，一个好心人帮助了作者，使得作者认为好心人就像天使一样。43．考查名词词义辨析。依据前文“Iceandsnowwerebeatingthewindowandthewindalmostswepteverythingawayoutside.”“The12-mileroutetookmeupanddownsteephillsandaround_______turns.”可知，天气状况恶劣，路况恶劣，因此可知作者希望能够“平安”到家。故选C项。46．考查动词词义辨析。依据前文“asIclimbedoneofthesteepestandscariesthills,Inoticedthetireswereslipping(当我爬上一座最陡峭、最可怕的山时，我留意到轮胎在打滑)”可知，轮胎起先打滑，作为司机，作者应是实行措施避开打滑，开启四轮驱动。switchto，“切换到；转到；转变成”，符合语境表达。故选C项。47．考查动词词组辨析。依据前文“asIclimbedoneofthesteepestandscariesthills,Inoticedthetireswereslipping,andIdecideditwastimeto______tofour-wheeldrive.”可知作者留意到轮胎在打滑，开启了四轮驱动，因此可知，汽车不再打滑，车轮贴在地面上了。故选D项。48．考查介词词义辨析。comeintosight，固定结构，意为“出现在眼前，可以望见”。故选A项。49．考查名词词义辨析。依据后文“Ipushedandpulledthelever—nothinghappened.(我推了一下然后又拉了限制杆——什么也没发生。)”可知，作者推拉限制杆应当是因为车停了下来。故选C项。50．考查动词词义辨析。依据前文背景句“Iceandsnowwerebeatingthewindowandthewindalmostswepteverythingawayoutside.”以及“Ihadjustmadeitwhenthe_______stopped.”可知，雪下的很大，风也很剧烈，且作者的车行不不了了，应是卡住了。bestuckwith，“无法摆脱；陷在”。故选B项。51．考查名词词义辨析。结合句子“EventhoughIhadmetnooneonthislonelyroad,Ihopedsomeonemightcometo______.”句意可知，作者希望在这条孤寂的路上能有人出现帮忙。故选C项。52．考查动词词义辨析。依据后文“anoldpickuptruck”可知，作者应是看到了一辆小货车。故选D项。53．考查名词词义辨析。结合句子“Thenheshowedmehowtooperatethefour-wheel-driveshiftinggear,lockingitinto______”可知，这个年轻人教给作者如何操作四轮驱动换挡装置，且，须要将其锁住在恰当的位置。故选D项。54．考查固定短语辨析。依据前文“Thenheshowedmehowtooperatethefour-wheel-driveshiftinggear,lockingitinto______”可知，这个年轻人教给作者如何操作四轮驱动换挡装置以及如何锁住到恰当的位置，因此作者的车又可以发动起来了，B项“innotime”可表达作者当时的急迫且激烈的心情。故选B项。其次节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A Therewasafarmerwhoalwayssoldapoundofbuttertoabaker.Onedaythebakerdecidedtoweighthebuttertoseeifhewasgettingapoundandfoundthathewasnot.Thisangered11

(he),sohetookthefarmertocourt.Thejudgeaskedthefarmer12

hehadameasuringtool.Thefarmerreplied,“Ihaveapairofscale.Ihavebeenbuyingapoundofbreadfromhim.Whenthebaker13

(bring)methebread,Ialwaysputitonmyscaleandgivehimthesameweightofbutter.”BParrotsarefoundincountrieslikeBrazil,AustraliaandIndia.Theyusuallylive14

largegroupsandbecausetheyliketoeatfruit,theyaresometimesaproblemforfarmers.Therearedifferentkindsofparrots,buttheyallhavestrongbeaksandfeet,whichtheyusefor15

(climb)andholdingfood.Thebiggestparrotscanliveforupto80years.Theyare16

(noise),buttheyarecleverbirdsanditiseasytoteachthemtotalk.Somezooshaveparrotshows,whereyoucanseethebirdsdoingthingstheyhavelearned.CKiteflyingispopulararoundChina.Itisknownaszhiyuan,askitesaremadeofpaper17

whentheyfly,theyarelikeeagles.Kites18

(use)formilitarypurposesinthebeginning.Laterkiteflyinggraduallybecameaverypopularrecreationalactivity.Inthepast,people19

(fasten)abamboo-madewhistleontoakite.Whileflyingthroughthewind,itmadesoundlikethemusic20

(produce)byguzheng,atraditionalChinesemusicalinstrument.Therefore,ithasitsmodernnameasfengzheng.答案

[语篇解读]A篇讲了烘焙师因黄油重量不足而把农夫告上法庭的故事,但经过法官调查了解到其实是烘焙师先欺瞒了农夫;B篇介绍了鹦鹉的几个特点;C篇介绍了中国风筝的起源。11.him句意:这让他很生气,所以他就把农夫告上了法庭。本题考查人称代词。谓语动词anger后缺少宾语,故用he的宾格形式him。12.if/whether句意:法官问农夫是否有测量工具。本题考查宾语从句。设空处表示“是否”,因此本空填if或者whether。13.brings句意:当烘焙师把面包带给我以后,我总是把面包放在我的称上,然后给他相同重量的黄油。本题考查动词的时态。设空处表示现在的习惯性动作,故用一般现在时,故填brings。14.in句意:它们常常成群结队地在一起,因为它们喜爱吃水果,有时会给农夫们带来麻烦。本题考查介词。inlargegroups表示“成群结队地”,故填in。15.climbing它们有强壮的喙和爪子,这可以用来攀爬和抓住食物。本题考查非谓语动词。介词for后加v.-ing形式,因此填climbing。16.noisy句意:它们很吵,但它们是聪慧的鸟,教它们说话很简洁。本题考查词性转换。系动词后加形容词作表语来说明主语的特征,所以本空应用形容词noisy。17.and句意:它也叫纸鸢,因为它们是由纸做成的,而且它们飞起来的时候就像鹰一样。本题考查连词。设空处前后是完整的两句话,因此用并列连词and连接。18.wereused句意:一起先风筝被用于军事用途。本题考查动词的时态和语态。时间点在过去,且kites与use之间为被动关系,因此填wereused。19.fastened句意:过去人们把竹子做的哨绑在风筝上。本题考查动词的时态。时间状语为Inthepast,应用一般过去时,故填duced句意:当它在风中飞的时候,它会发出像一种传统中国乐器古筝发出来的音乐一样的声音。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。动词produce和其逻辑主语music之间是被动关系,故用过去分词produced。其次部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AListedherearefourofthethousandsofimpressivemuseumsaroundtheworld.TheGuggenheimMuseumBilbaoinBilbao，SpainBuiltin1997，theGuggenheimMuseumBilbaoisoneofthenewestintheworld.IthastransformedtheindustrialcityofBilbaointoatravelers'desireddestination.Thebeautifularchitectureofthemuseumhasprovidedadramaticbackgroundformoviesandcommercials.TheLouvreinParis，FranceProbablythemostfamousLouvrealsoholdsthemostfamouspaintingintheworld，the“MonaLisa”byLeonardodaVinci.Crowdscanbefoundanydaysurroundingthesmall，butmysteriouspaintingofthesmilingwoman.But，theLouvreismuchmorethanahometothe“MonaLisa”.TheLouvreisvisitedbymorepeopleeachyearthananyothermuseumintheworld.TheBarnesFoundationinPhiladelphia，AmericaJustopenedinitsnewdowntownlocationin2012，theBarnesFoundationis“unique”inthatitisacompletelyreproduceddisplayfromoneman'sprivatecollection.Dr.AlbertC.Barnesstartedcollectingartintheearly20thcenturyandcollected，amongothers，thelargestnumberoforiginalRenoirpaintingsintheworld.TheUffiziGalleryinFlorence，ItalyWalkingonthemarbledfloorsfeelslikesteppingbackintime.Thebuildingitselfisabeautifulpalace—likestructurewithfrescoes(湿壁画)decoratingtheceilingsandwalls.Viewersarebowledover(印象深刻)bytheworksbyBotticelli，suchas“TheBirthofVenus”.Classicartworksfromnearly1，000yearsagodescribereligiouseventsofthetime.21.Whichofthefollowingisthemostpopular?A.TheLouvre.B.TheGuggenheimMuseumBilbao.C.TheBarnesFoundation.D.TheUffiziGallery.22.WhatmakestheBarnesFoundationparticular?A.Itsstructure. B.Itscollection.C.Itslocation. D.Itshistory.23.Whattypeofwritingisthistext?A.Anactivityposter.B.Anexhibitionannouncement.C.Anartshowreview.D.Atravelguide.【语篇解读】本文为广告类，涉及文学与艺术话题。文章主要介绍了四个世界著名的博物馆。21.A【解析】考查细微环节理解。由由TheLouvreinParis，France部分的"Crowdscanbefoundanyday"和"TheLouvreisvisitedbymorepeopleeachyearthananyothermuseumintheworld"可知四个博物馆中卢浮宫人气最旺。故选A。22.B【解析】考查细微环节理解。由The Barnes Foundation in Philadelphia，America部分的“the Barnes Foundation is unique in that it is a completely reproduced display from one man's private collection”可知，该博物馆的特殊之处在于其全部的展览品均是复制品。故选B。23.D【解析】考查推理推断。由“Listed here are four of the thousands of impressive museums around the world”可知，本文主要介绍了四个世界著名的博物馆的概况，故最有可能是旅行指南。故选D。BPeopleliketoposttheirselfies(自拍照)onsocialmedia.Toknowmoreaboutit,scientistsatSyracuseUniversityinNewYorkrecentlydidaresearchandcameupwithsomesurprisingfindings.Peoplewhopostselfiesanduseeditingsoftwaretomakethemselveslookbettershowbehaviorconnectedtonarcissism(自恋),theresearcherssaid.MakanaChock,aprofessorfromSyracuseUniversity,saidbecausesocialmediaismostlyusedbypeopletoshareunimportantinformationabouttheirlives,itisagoodplaceforpeopleto“worktowardssatisfyingtheirownvanity.”Those“likes”undertheirFacebookselfiesmakethemfeelgood.Besides,peoplewhopostgroupselfiesshowaneedforpopularityandaneedtobelongtoagroup,theresearchfound.Somepeoplefeel“peer(同伴)pressure”topostselfiesandsomefollowthepopularbeliefthatifthereisnopictureofaneventorexperience,itdidnotreallyhappen.“Anyway,itshouldn’tbeseenasnegative.Peoplegetsenseofsatisfactionespeciallywhentheygetlikes.Anditdoesnoharm,”Chocksaid.Otherfindingsfromthestudyinclude:Therearenomajordifferencesonhowoftenmenandwomenpostselfiesandhowoftentheyuseeditingsoftware.Butmenwhopostselfiesshowedmoreofaneedtobeseenaspopularthanwomenwhopostedselfies.Chocksaidpostingselfiesonsocialmediaisnotallthatdifferentfromwhatpeoplehavedoneformanyyears.Ontripsandspecialevents,ourparentsandgrandparentsusedcamerasinsteadofphonestotakephotos.Theywouldbringbackphotostoshowfriendsandfamily.Youhadnochoicebuttolookatthem.Youprobablycommentedabouthowniceeveryoneinthephotoslooked,especiallychildrenandthepersonshowingthephotos.Theywerehappytohearyourcomments.Thatwastheoldwayof“clickinglike”.Onsocialmedia,however,peoplecandecidenottolookatphotoseveniftheyclick“like”.24.Whatistheresearchmainlyabout?A.Thewaysofmakingpeoplelookbetterinselfies.B.Thereasonsforpeoplepostingselfiesonsocialmedia.C.Thedifferencesbetweenmenandwomeninpostingselfies.D.Theconnectionsbetweenpostingselfiesandmentalhealth.25.WhatisChock’sattitudetowardsselfieposting?A.Ambiguous. B.Cautious. C.Disapproving. D.Supportive.26.Fromthelastparagraph,weknowthattheoldergenerationsshowedtheirphotostofriendsandfamily______.A.towinpraisefromviewers B.toshowofftheircamerasC.toimproverelationships D.tosharegoodmoments【文章大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了人们喜爱在社交媒体上发布自己的自拍。为了了解更多，纽约SyracuseUniversity高校的科学家们最近做了一项探讨，并得出了一些令人惊异的发觉。24.B【解析】推理推断题。答案定位在最终一段Youprobablycommentedabouthowniceeveryoneinthephotoslooked,especiallychildrenandthepersonshowingthephotos.Theywerehappytohearyourcomments.Thatwastheoldwayof“clickinglike”.Onsocialmedia,however,peoplecandecidenottolookatphotoseveniftheyclick“like”.这说明老一辈人展示他们的照片是希望得到赞许，由此推断出这次探讨主要是关于人们在社交媒体上发布自拍的缘由，故选B。25.D【解析】推理推断题。答案定位在最终一段Chocksaidpostingselfiesonsocialmediaisnotallthatdifferentfromwhatpeoplehavedoneformanyyears.（Chock说，在社交媒体上发布自拍照与人们多年来的做法并没有太大不同。）由此推断出，Chock对发布自拍照持支持看法。A.Ambiguous.模糊不清的；B.Cautious.谨慎的；C.Disapproving.反对的；D.Supportive.支持的，故选D。26.A【解析】细微环节理解题。答案定位在最终一段Theywerehappytohearyourcomments.（他们很兴奋听到你的评论。）由此可知从最终一段，我们知道老一辈人把他们的照片展示给挚友和家人，以赢得观众的赞扬，故选A。CAttendingcollegecanbeexpensive,andapplyingtocollegecanbecostlyaswell.Withtoday’scollegeapplicationfeesaveragingaround$80,youcanexpecttospendhundredsofdollarsoncollegebeforeyouareevenacceptedintoaschool.Oneoftheeasiestwaystosavemoneyoncollegeapplicationfeesbeforeyoubeginapplyingistonarrowdownyourlistofschools.Tosavemoney,trytolimittheschoolstowhichyouapplytoabout2-3reachschoolsand2-3safetyschools.Atsomeschools,beingarelativeofagraduatecansecureyouafreeapplication.Ifyouareapplyingtoaschoolwhereoneofyourparentsorgrandparentsisaformergraduate,checktoseeifyou’requalifiedforit.Researchthepreferredmethodofapplyingforeachschoolonyourlist.Someschoolsofferfreeonlineapplications,yetchargeafeeforpapersubmissions.Thisisbecauseonlineapplicationssaveschoolsthecostofemployingastaffmembertophysicallyentertheapplicationinformation.Severalstates,suchasMichiganandNorthCarolina,takepartinCollegeApplicationWeek,wheremanyschoolsintheparticipatingstatescanceltheirapplicationfeefortheweek.BesuretocontacttheschoolstoIjwhichyouareapplyingtoseeiftheyparticipateinCollegeApplicationWeekandwhentheprogramtakesplaceinthatstate.Applyforearlyadmission.Ifyouhavealreadydecidedonwhichcollegeisyourtopchoice,considerapplyingunderanEarlyActionorEarlyDecisionadmissionprogram.Ifyouareaccepted,youwon’thavetosubmitapplicationfeestootherschools.Formoreinformationregardingcollegeapplicationsandthefeesassociatedwiththem,contactyourhighIschooladvisorortheadmissionsdepartmentatyourschool(s)ofinterest.27.Thepassageismainlywrittento______.A.introducefamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStalesB.showsomepracticalwaystoapplyanidealcollegeC.advertiseforsuccessfulapplicationsandadvisorsD.offertipstosavemoneyoncollegeapplicationfees28.Whatdoestheauthoradvisetodointhesecondparagraph?A.Writedownyourfavoriteuniversities.B.Reducethenumberofyouruniversitychoices.C.Applytotwouniversitieseachtime.D.Mindyoursafetywhenapplyingtocollege.29.Someschoolsofferfreeonlineapplicationto______,A.receivefeesfasterthanbefore B.employsomeoneelsetoworkC.cutdownthecostofemployment D.entertheapplicationinformation30.Itcanbeknownfromthepassagethat______,A.applicationfeemightbecanceledconditionallyB.manycountriesattendCollegeApplicationWeekC.applyingforearlyadmissionisthebestpolicyD.admissiondepartmentsdetermineyourfuture【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍一些方法节约申请高校的相关费用。27.D【解析】推理推断题。由其次段到第六段“Oneoftheeasiestwaystosavemoneyoncollegeapplicationfees…Applyforearlyadmission”可知，在你起先申请之前，节约高校申请费用最简洁的方法之一就是缩小你申请的学校范围。在一些学校，成为毕业生的亲戚可以让你免费申请。探讨申请名单上每所学校的首选方法。一些州，如密歇根州和北卡罗莱纳州，参与了高校申请周，参与申请周的很多学校会取消他们的申请费用。申请提早入学。所以本文旨在介绍一些方法节约申请高校的相关费用，故选D.28.B【解析】细微环节理解题。由其次段的Oneoftheeasiestwaystosavemoneyoncollegeapplicationfeesbeforeyoubeginapplyingistonarrowdownyourlistofschools可知，在你起先申请之前，节约高校申请费用最简洁的方法之一就是缩小你的学校范围。所以作者建议缩减申请学校。故选B。29.C【解析】细微环节理解题。由第4段“Thisisbecauseonlineapplicationssaveschoolsthecostofemployingastaffmembertophysicallyentertheapplicationinformation.”可知，这是因为在线申请为学校节约了雇佣职员来输入信息的费用。所以一些学校供应免费的网上申请，以降低雇佣成本。故选C。30.A【解析】推理推断题。由其次段到第六段“Oneoftheeasiestwaystosavemoneyoncollegeapplicationfeesbeforeyoubeginapplyingistonarrowdownyourlistofschools….Applyforearlyadmission”可知，在你起先申请之前，节约高校申请费用最简洁的方法之一就是缩小你申请的学校范围。在一些学校，成为毕业生的亲戚可以让你免费申请。探讨申请名单上每所学校的首选方法。一些州，如密歇根州和北卡罗莱纳州，参与了高校申请周，参与申请周的很多学校会取消他们的申请费用。申请提早入学。所以本文介绍了一些方法节约申请高校的相关费用，故申报费用“在某些条件”是不用交的。故选A。DGarbagesortinghasbecomeahotissuearoundChina,especiallyafterShanghaibegancarryingoutaregulationonJuly1.Beijing,asaforerunnerinenvironmentalprotection,hasthusbeenexpectedtofollowsuit.Thecapitalofthecountryhaslongbeencampaigningforsortingandrecyclinghouseholdwaste,aspartofitsenvironmentaldriveforsustainablegrowth,localmediareported.Thecurrentregulationgivesgarbagesortingresponsibilitiestogovernmentdepartments,propertymanagementgroupsandotherorganizations.Italsogivesrulesforcompanies,outlininghowthey’reresponsibleforwastecollection,transportationandtreatment.Onlyindividualsarenotsubjecttoresponsibilities.Thelong-awaitedrevisionwillsoonchangethesituation,“Takingoutthetrashwithoutsortingitproperlywillbeillegal,”saidSunXinjun,directoroftheBeijingCommissionofUrbanManagement.InShanghai,violatorsarenowfinedupto200yuan($30)fortrash-sortingviolations.ThemaximumfineinBeijingwillnotbelessthanthat,hesaid.TheBeijingcitygovernmentfirstsetouttopromotegarbagesortingin2009.Authoritieshavesincecalledoncitizenstosorttheirhouseholdwasteintofourtypes-recyclablewaste,kitchentrash,dangerouswasteandothers-andleaveitinacorrespondingdustbinortrashcan.Blue-coloreddustbinssignifyitemswithinarerecyclable,greenrepresentskitchentrash,redcorrespondstodangerousmaterialsandgreytootherwaste.Topromotetheawarenessofgarbagesortingandexpandthebaseofparticipants,authoritieshaveemployedworkerstohelpresidentsonthespot.Withintelligentdevices,thosewhothrowinrecyclablewasteatgivensiteswillberewardedwithbonuspoints,whichcanbeusedtobuydailygoods.Atsomecommunities,therearenocolor-codeddustbins.Instead,ascheduledgarbagecollectionserviceisofferedtohelpimprovetheenvironment.Inothercommunities,workersofferadoor-to-doorservicetocollectrecyclablesorkitchenwaste.BeijingEnvironmentalSanitationEngineeringGrouphasbeenpromotingnewgarbagesortingfacilitiessuchasrecyclingcabinetsandsmartkitchenwastetrashcanssince2024,XinhuaNewsAgencyreported.Nearly26,000metrictonsofhouseholdwasteisgeneratedacrossBeijingonadailybasisand29terminalgarbagedisposalfacilitiesareworkingatfullcapacity.Nearly9.3milliontonsofhouseholdwastewasprocessedinthecitylastyear.31.Accordingtothepassage,whichdustbinsshouldsomeusedcokecansbethrowninto?A.Grey-coloreddustbins. B.Red-coloreddustbins.C.Green-coloreddustbins. D.Blue-coloreddustbins.32.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A.newtechnologyhasbeenappliedtohelpdealwithgarbageB.BeijingcarriedoutamoresevereruleongarbagesortingthanShanghaiC.thechangeofthecurrentregulationhasarousedobjectionamongcitizensD.theamountofhouseholdwasteinBeijingisfarfromsomethingdisturbing33.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowtoSortGarbageinChina B.TheCurrentRegulationinBeijingC.GarbageCollectioninBeijing D.WasteRecyclingProjectCounts34.Thepassagecanbesortedas________.A.abookreview B.atravelbrochureC.anenvironmentreport D.ageographyessay【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了垃圾分类在北京的实施状况。31.D【解析】细微环节理解题。依据倒数第三段中的“Blue-coloreddustbinssignifyitemswithinarerecyclable,”可知，蓝色垃圾箱装的是可回收垃圾，而用过的可乐罐属于可回收垃圾，应投入蓝色垃圾箱内，故D项正确。32.A【解析】细微环节理解题。依据倒数其次段中的“Withintelligentdevices,thosewhothrowinrecyclablewasteatgivensiteswillberewardedwithbonuspoints”可知，有了智能设备，那些将垃圾投入到指定垃圾箱的市民将获得嘉奖积分，由此可知，新技术已应用于帮助处理垃圾，故A项正确。33.C【解析】主题大意题。通读全文，特殊是依据其次段中的“Beijing,asaforerunnerinenvironmentalprotection,hasthusbeenexpectedtofollowsuit.”可知，本文主要介绍了垃圾分类在北京的实施状况，故C项正确。34.C【解析】推理推断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍的是垃圾分类在北京的实施状况，这属于环保话题，因此文章可能是一份环境报告，故C项正确。其次节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowLaughingatYourselfMakesYouAttractiveHaveyoueverembarrassedyourselfinpublicandgotlaughedatforit?35.Andit’sokay—weshouldevenhavealaughaboutthem.●Laughingatyourselfmeansacceptingwhoyoureallyare.Youmayfeelbadaboutyourselfbecauseofpastmisfortune.However,it’snormaltobeimperfect.What’simportantisthatyoushouldbehonestwithyourselfaboutwhoyouare.36.Youwon’tbeabletolaughatyourselfwithoutself-acceptance.●Laughingatyourselfhelpsincreaseyourconfidence.Whenyou’reabletostayoptimisticandlaughatyourself,youarelikelytobemoresuccessfulinlife.37.Moreimportantly,ithelpsyourealizeyourownweaknesses,soyouknowwhichareastodobetterin.●38..Laughingatsomeoneelsemayhurttheirfeelingsevenifyoudidn’tintendto,whilelaughingatyourselfdoesnot.—Youmightevenbringasmiletotheirfaces.Peoplewilllikeit,becauseitshowsthatyouhavethecouragetodosoandyou’rebeingrealaboutyourimperfections.39..Soinsteadofblamingyourself,trytothinkofyourmistakes,inapositivewayandacceptyourselfjustasyouare.Learntolaughatyourselfandyouwillbemoreattractive.A.Laughingatyourselfmakesyoupopular.B.Acceptyourselfdespiteyourimperfections.C.Youdon’tneedtotakeyourselfseriouslyallthetime.D.Chancesarethatweallhavethesekindsofexperiences.E.Laughingatyourselfchangesanidealimageofyourself.F.Justrememberthathumansallmakemistakes.G.Thisisbecauselaughingatyourselfcontributestoyourmentalhealth.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明白自嘲让人变得有魅力的三个缘由。35.D依据上文Haveyoueverembarrassedyourselfinpublicandgotlaughedatforit?（你是否曾在公共场合让自己尴尬并因此而被讪笑?）可知，我们都有过在公共场合让自己尴尬并因此而被讪笑的经验。是对上句的回答。故D选项“我们都有这样的经验。”符合上下文语境。故选D。36.B依据下文Youwon’tbeabletolaughatyourselfwithoutself-acceptance.（没有自我接纳，你就无法自嘲。）中acceptance可对应到B选项中Acceptyourself，故B选项“接受不完备的自己。”符合上下文语境。故选B。37.G结合下文Moreimportantly,ithelpsyourealizeyourownweaknesses,soyouknowwhichareastodobetterin.（更重要的是，它可以帮助你相识到自己的弱点，这样你就知道在哪些方面可以做得更好。）可知是在说明自嘲的好处是让人相识到自己的弱点，故G选项“这是因为自嘲有助于心理健康。”符合上下文语境。故选G。38.A依据下文Youmightevenbringasmiletotheirfaces.Peoplewilllikeit,becauseitshowsthatyouhavethecouragetodosoandyou’rebeingrealaboutyourimperfections.（你甚至可以给他们带来微笑。人们会喜爱它，因为它表明你有志气这样做，你对自己的不完备是真实的。）可知人们喜爱自嘲的人，因此自嘲会让人变得更受欢迎。故A选项“自嘲会让你更受欢迎。”符合上下文语境。故选A。39.F依据下文Soinsteadofblamingyourself,trytothinkofyourmistakes,inapositivewayandacceptyourselfjustasyouare.（因此，与其责怪自己，不如试着以主动的方式思索自己的错误，接受自己原来的样子。）可知人类都会有犯错的时候，与其责怪自己，不如试着以主动的方式思索自己的错误，接受自己原来的样子。故F选项“只要记住人类都会犯错。”符合上下文语境。故选F。第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节阅读表达（共4小题；第1、2题各2分，第3题3分，第4题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，依据题目要求回答问题。IrememberdoingthehouseholdchorestohelpmymotherwhenIwasnine.Ihatedchangingthevacuumcleaner(真空吸尘器)bagandpickingupthingsthemachinedidnotsuckup.Twentyyearslater,in1978,withthislifelongdislikeofthewaythemachineworked,Idecidedtomakeabaglessone.Easiersaidthandone,ofcourse.Ididn’trealizethatIwouldspendthenextfiveyearsperfectingmydesign,aprocessthatresultedin5,127differentprototypes(样机).BythetimeImademy15thprototype,mythirdchildwasborn.By2,627,mywifeandIwerereallycountingourpennies.By3,727,mywifewasgivingartlessonsforsomeextracash,andweweregettingfurtherandfurtherintodebt.Theseweretoughtimes,buteachfailurebroughtmeclosertosolvingtheproblem.Intheearly1980s,Istartedtryingtogetlicensingagreementsformytechnology.Therealitywasverydifferent,however.Themajorvacuummakershadbuiltabusinessmodelbasedontheprofitsfrombagsandfilters(滤网).Noonewouldlicensemyidea,notbecauseitwasabadone,butbecauseitwasbadforbusiness.Butsoonafter,thecompaniesthatIhadtalkedwithstartedmakingmachineslikemine.IhadtofightlegalbattlesonbothsidesoftheAtlantictoprotectthepatentsonmyvacuumcleaner.Iwasstillinfinancialdifficultiesuntil1993,whenmybankmanagerpersonallypersuadedLloydsBanktolendme$1million.ThenIwasabletogointoproduction.Withintwoyears,theDysonvacuumcleanerbecameabest-sellerinBritain.Today,Istillembraceriskandthepotentialforfailureaspartoftheprocess.Nothingbeatstheexcitementofinvention,40．Whatdrovetheauthortomakeabaglessvacuumcleaner?41．Whydidthecompaniesrefusetolicensetheauthor’stechnology?42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Theprocessofthenewinventionissotough,sotheauthordidnotwanttoexperiencetheriskinventingthings.43．Is“Failureisthemotherofsuccess”trueinourdailylife.?(about40words)答案及解析40．D．Hisdiscontentwithexistingcleaners.41．A．Theythoughtth