Unit8第2课时Reading（知识精讲分层练习）（教师版）八年级上学期英语讲义（牛津译林版）

Unit8第2课时Reading目标导航目标导航重点词汇1.*adj轻微的2.n.摇动，震动3.adj.响亮的；大声的；喧闹的4.*n.炸弹5.vi.&vt摇动，震动6.n.害怕，恐惧7.n.方向8.四面八方9.conj当…的时候，和…同时10.*n.砖，砖块11.崩塌，坍塌12.n.摇动，震动13.adj.寂静的14.一点也不15.conj.是否16.adj.紧张不安的17.n.心脏18.vi.&vt.(使)规律作响，作节奏运动19.adj.困住的20.n.头脑21.vi.&vt.(使)平静，（使）镇定22.*冷静23.conj.由于，既然24.adv仍然25.adj.活着的26.n.黑暗27.找到出路28.n.呼喊，喊叫声29.最后，终于30.n.日光31.adj.安全的32.adj.睡着的33.conj.在…以后词汇拓展1.shakev.n.（过去式）2.loud（副词）3directv.n.silentadj.n.5.safeadj.adv反义词6.beat过去式7.liveadj.8.movequicklyfromsidetoside,upanddown,etc.9.quiet10.notindanger11.givealoudcry重点词组1.在凌晨2.感到一阵轻微的震动3.像雷声一样的很大的噪音4.像埋在地下的炸弹5.害怕地尖叫6.跑出、跑进7.尽力做某事8.四处奔跑/向同一个方向逃跑9.碎玻璃和碎砖10.掉落下来11.坍塌12.冷静13.自言自语14.找到出路15.听到了人们兴奋的叫喊声16.挪开砖头17.最后18.起初19.睡着/入睡20.叫某人(不要)做某事重点句型1.外面，当碎玻璃碎砖落下来的同时，人们正四处奔跑。Outside,peoplewhilepiecesofglassandbrickswerefallingdown.2.我什么也看不见，我不知道我旁边是否有人。Icouldnotseeanythingatall,andIdidnotknow.3.我感到紧张并且我的心跳得很快。Ifeltnervousand.4.片刻的恐惧掠过我的脑海，但是我告诉自己要冷静因为我仍然活着。,butItoldmyselftocalmdownsinceIwasstillalive.5.我开始慢慢地把自己拽出黑暗。Istartedto.6.当我止试着找出路的时候我突然听到我上方传来的噪音。It,Isuddenlyheardsomenoiseaboveme.【答案】一．1.*slight2.shake3.loud4.*bomb5.shake6.fear7.direction8.inalldirections9.while10.*brick11edown12.shaking13.silent14.not…atall15.if16.nervous17.heart18.beat19.trapped20.mind21.calm22.*calmdown23.since24.still25.alive26.dark27.findone'swayout28.shout29.atlast30.daylight31.safe32.asleep33.after二、词形变化及英文释义。1.shakev.shakingn.shook2.loudloudly3directv.directionn.4.silentadj.silencen.5.safeadj.safelyadvdangerous反义词6.beatbeat过去式7.livealiveadj.8.movequicklyfromsidetoside,upanddown,etc.shake9.quietsilent10.notindangersafe11.givealoudcryscream三、重要短语1.intheearlymorning在凌晨2.feelaslightshake感到一阵轻微的震动3.aloudnoiselikethunder像雷声一样的很大的噪音4.likebombsundertheground像埋在地下的炸弹5.screaminfear害怕地尖叫6.runoutof.../into...跑出、跑进7.tryone'sbesttodosth.尽力做某事8.runinalldirections/inthesamedirection四处奔跑/向同一个方向逃跑9.piecesofglassandbricks碎玻璃和碎砖10.falldown掉落下来11.edown坍塌12.calmdown冷静13.saytooneself自言自语14.findone’swayout找到出路15.hearshoutsfromexcitedpeople听到了人们兴奋的叫喊声16.moveawaythebricks挪开砖头17.atlast=finally=intheend最后18.atfirst=inthebeginning起初19.beasleep(状态)/fallasleep(动作)睡着/入睡20.tell/asksb.(not)todosth.叫某人(不要)做某事三、重要句子1.外面，当碎玻璃碎砖落下来的同时，人们正四处奔跑。Outside,peoplewererunninginalldirectionswhilepiecesofglassandbrickswerefallingdown.2.我什么也看不见，我不知道我旁边是否有人。Icouldnotseeanythingatall,andIdidnotknowifanyoneelsewasnearme.3.我感到紧张并且我的心跳得很快。Ifeltnervousandmyheartwasbeatingfast.4.片刻的恐惧掠过我的脑海，但是我告诉自己要冷静因为我仍然活着。Amomentoffearwentthroughmymind,butItoldmyselftocalmdownsinceIwasstillalive.5.我开始慢慢地把自己拽出黑暗。Istartedtopullmyselfslowlythroughthedark.6.当我止试着找出路的时候我突然听到我上方传来的噪音。Iwastryingtofindmywayout,Isuddenlyheardsomenoiseaboveme.知识点睛知识点睛一.Peoplewererunninginalldirectionswhilepiecesofglassandbrickswerefallingdown.当一块块的玻璃和砖块掉下来的时候，人们向四面八方跑去。【精讲】①runinalldirections向四面八方跑②piecesofglassandbricks一块块的玻璃和砖块③falldown 掉下来【fall过去式→fell】练一练练一练1.Whentheearthquakecame,peopleranoff_______.A.indanger B.introubleC.indirection D.inalldirections【答案】D2.用所给动词的适当形式填空Whilelwasreadingthenewspaper,mymother_______(wash)thedishes.【答案】waswashin3．—I’mgoingtothesupermarket.—________you’rethere,canyougetmesomemilk?A．Though B．Unless C．Until D．While【答案】D【详解】句意：—我要去超市。—当你去那儿的时候，能给我买些牛奶吗？考查连词辨析。Though虽然；Unless除非；Until直到；While当……的时候。根据上文“I’mgoingtothesupermarket.”以及下文“canyougetmesomemilk?”可知，语境为：当你去那儿的时候，能给我买些牛奶吗？while强调某时间段内一种情况发生时另一种情况出现。故选D。二.Icouldnotseeanythingatall.我根本看不到任何东西。【精讲】①Idon’tliketheteacheratall.我一点也不喜欢这个老师。【not...atall一点也不，根本不=not...abit】②Idon’tliketheteacheralittle.我非常喜欢这个老师。（不是一点点喜欢）【not...alittle非常，很多】③ A：Thankyouverymuch.多谢你了。B：Notatall.不客气。【Notatall.含义很多：不用谢；不客气；没什么；没关系等】练一练练一练1.Icannotdoanythingonrainydays.I_______do_______onrainydays.【答案】can;nothing三.Ididnotknowifanyoneelsewasnearme.我不知道我的附近是否有其它任何人。【精讲】①if意为“是否”时，引导宾语从句，放在动词后，从句时态该用什么时态就用何种时态。②if意为“如果”时，引导条件状语从句，当主句是将来时，从句用一班现在时。【精典考题】:Idon’tknowif(是否)hewillebacktomorrow.If(如果)heesbacktomorrow,Iwillcallyou.四.★Amomentoffearwentthroughmymind.一阵恐惧感袭上心头/掠过我的脑海。【精讲】①mind作名词：精神，心力，智慧;心胸，头脑，见解，意见等（不可数）bodyandmind身心；changeone’smind改变某人的想法②mind作动词：介意、反对等★mindsb./sb’sdoingsth.A:Doyoumindme/mysmokinghere?你介意我在这儿吸烟吗？B:You’dbetternot.你最好不要在这吸烟。（表示反对）B:Ofcoursenot./certainlynot./Notatall.当然不介意。/一点不介意。练一练练一练1.Justthen,agoodideawent_______mymind.A.in B.out C.through D.by【答案】C五.ItoldmyselftocalmdownsinceIwasstillalive.既然我还活着，我告诉我自己要镇定。【since连词：既然、由于（引导状语从句）】【精讲】】①alive【意为：活着的。只能做表语，构成系表结构，不能做定语修饰名词】Eg:Theystillstayedaliveaftertheearthquake.②living【意为：活着的。可做表语，也可做定语修饰名词】Eg:Mr Zhang is a living Lei Feng in our school.③lively【意为：生动的、活泼的。可做表语，也可做定语修饰名词】Eg:He told a very lively story about his life in America. MrYangalwaysmakeshisclasseslively.【形容词作宾补】练一练练一练根据汉语提示完成句子1.既然大家都到了，我们就开始上课吧。Let’sbeginourlesson______________.【答案】sinceeveryoneishere2.用alive或living填空1.Myfirstteacherisstill_______.2.Noman_______isgreaterthanhim.3.Hewantedtokeepthefish.4.Englishisa_______language.【答案】1.living/alive2.alive3.alive4.living3．Hermother'slovekeepher________.A．alive B．lovely C．lively D．living【答案】A【详解】句意：她母亲的爱使她活了下来。考查形容词辨析。alive活着的；lovely可爱的；lively活泼的；living现存的。根据“Hermother'slovekeepher”可知，母亲的爱让她活了下来，侧重于“生”与“死”的界限，故选A。4．Hermother'slovekeepher________.A．alive B．lovely C．lively D．living【答案】A【详解】句意：她母亲的爱使她活了下来。考查形容词辨析。alive活着的；lovely可爱的；lively活泼的；living现存的。根据“Hermother'slovekeepher”可知，母亲的爱让她活了下来，侧重于“生”与“死”的界限，故选A。5．—DoyouknowthewritercalledZhengMin?—Yes,ofcourse.Sheisoneofthegreatestandtheoldest________writers.Sheisstill________.A．alive;living B．living;live C．living;alive D．alive;alive【答案】C【详解】句意：—你知道叫郑敏的作家么？—当然知道。她是最伟大最年长的在世作家之一，她仍旧活着。

考查形容词辨析。living活着的，一般作前置定语；alive活着的，一般作后置定语或表语；live现场直播的。第一处作前置定语，修饰其后的名词writers，意为“活着的”，选择living；第二处作表语，意为“活着的”，所以用alive。故选C。六．★①asleep形容词：睡着的（只作表语，不作定语修饰名词）反：awake醒着的Eg:fallasleep（无意识）入睡②sleepy形容词：想睡的，困倦的（只作表语，不作定语修饰名词）Eg:feelsleepy感到很困倦随堂练习一、完成句子1．枪声响起，人群尖叫着四处奔逃。Asshotsrangout,thecrowdranscreaming____________________________．【答案】inalldirections【详解】通过中英文句子对照，可知英文句子中缺少“四处”的表达；“四处”也就是“四面八方”，是固定短语，英文表达是inalldirections，故答案填inalldirections。2．我们吃饭的时候他们到了。Theyarrived________we________________dinner.【答案】when/whilewerehaving【详解】对照中英文提示可知，此处缺的是“当……时”和“正在吃饭”，英语中“当……时”是when/while，是时间状语从句的连词；“吃饭”是havedinner，是延续性动词，结合语境，此处应用过去进行时，表达动作正在进行，结构是“was/were+doing”，主语是复数人称we，所以此处用werehaving，故填when/while，werehaving。3．枪声响起，人群尖叫着四处奔逃。Asshotsrangout,thecrowdranscreaming____________________________.【答案】inalldirections【详解】四处：inalldirections，因为是不同的方向，所以direction用复数形式。在句中作状语，放在句尾。故填inalldirections。4．当我长大后，我想帮助贫困地区的人们。WhenI______________,Iwanttohelpthepeopleinthepoorareas.【答案】growup【详解】对照中英文可知，When引导的时间状语从句里需要填谓语动词，“长大”英语表达是growup，时态为一般现在时，故填grow；up。5．我放学到家时，爸爸正在看报纸。Dadwasreadinganewspaper_______________I_______________homefromschool.【答案】whengot【详解】gethome“到家”，when引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时，故此处为(1).when(2).got。分层练习分层练习【基础练习】一1.Theywentinthe_______(方向)ofthepostoffice,2.Thefilmwas_______(结束)atteno’clocklastnight.3.Themanlosthislifeinthetraffic_______(事故).4._______(自然地)hewontheprizebecauseofhishardwork.5.I’velookedformymoney_______(到处),butIstillcan’tfindit.6.Itoldmyselftocalmdowns_______Iwasstillalive.7.Sheheardaloudnoiseoft_______atfirst.8.Whenthechildisintrouble,heoftens_______forhismother.9.Ibegantosaytom_______,“CanIgoalone?”【答案】1.direction2.over3.accident4.Naturally5.everywhere6.since7.thunder8screams9.myself二、写出下列句子的同义句。1.Itrainedheavilylastweek,______________a_______rainlastweek.2.Wewalkedtothebusstop.We_______tothebusstop______________.3.Theearthquakekilledthousandsofpeople.Thousandsofpeople_____________________intheearthquake.4.IwasdoingmyhomeworkwhenMr.Wutoldustogohome._______Iwasdoingmyhomework,Mr.Wutoldustogohome.5.Weshouldgetoutassoonaspossiblewhenahouseisonfire.Weshouldgetoutassoonas______________whenahouse______________.【答案】1.Therewas;heavy2.went;onfoot3.losttheirlives4.While5.wecan;catchesfire三、根据汉语提示完成下列各句。1.我的汽车在我回家的路上坏了。____________________________________________________________________________2.掠过我头脑的惊恐片刻使我害怕，但是我告诉自己要冷静。____________________________________________________________________________3.三天前一场暴风雪袭击了北京，整座城市被白雪覆盖了。____________________________________________________________________________4.坏天气有时会导致自然灾害。____________________________________________________________________________5.我们在风中丢了伞，只好慢慢地在暴风雪中行走。____________________________________________________________________________【答案】1.Mycarbrokedownonmywayhome.2.Amomentoffearwentthroughmymind,butItoldmyselftocalmdown.3.ThreedaysagoasnowstormhitBeijingandthewholecitywascoveredwithsnow.4.Badweathersometimescausesnaturaldisasters.5.Welostourumbrellasinthewind,sowehadtowalkslowlyinthesnow.四、用所给动词的正确形式填空。1.—WhendidyouseeCarl,Tom?—IsawhimwhileI_____(get)offthetrain.2.OurMathsteacher______(prepare)thenewlessonwithotherteachersintheofficefrom2to4yesterdayafternoon.3.—Yourparentsareatyourhome.一I_______(think)theywouldetomorrow.4.Bettysatthere,_____(chat)withherfriendontheInternetwhenSamcamein.5.—Didyounoticehimeinjustnow?—No,I_____(type)lettersallthetime.【答案】1.wasgetting2.waspreparing3.thought4.chatting5.wastyping五、句型转换。1.Asnowballhithim.Peterwashidingbehindthetree.(合并成一个句子，不改变意思)Peterwashidingbehindthetree_______asnowballhithim.2.IreadthebookwrittenbyLuXunlastsummer.(用atthistimeyesterday改写句子)I__________thebookwrittenbyLuXunatthistimeyesterday.3.Itsnowedheavilylastnight.(改为同义句)There________________________________________________________________.4.Hedroveslowlybecauseitwasrainingheavily.(改为同义句)_____________________________________________________________________.5.people,the,kill,accident,did,car,any(?)(连词成句)_____________________________________________________________________.【答案】1.when2.wasreading3.wasaheavysnowlastnight4.Hedroveslowlybecauseoftheheavyrain.5.Didtheaccidentkillanypeople?【能力拓展】完型填空Itwas3:43.Thunder(雷)wascrashingandtherainwaspouring.Suddenlymyfatherrushed1myroom.“Adam!Adam!Getup!”Heshoutedand2mebytheshoulders.Thatwokemeup!Irandownstairstothebasement(地下室).Itwaslikeaswimmingpool.MymotherandIimmediatelystartedto3thingsandtakethemupstairs.Ihadnoshoeson,somyfeetfeltquitecold.Thingsgot4everyminute.Withinthenexthour,wehadmovedeverythingthatwecouldtothefirstfloor.Theputer,bigscreenTVandheavyboxesfilledwithourmostvaluablethingsweretakentosafety.5,ourpiano,sofa,washingmachineandwaterbeaterwereallstilldownthere—beingdestroyed.Therewasnothingwecoulddo.Knowingthatyourhomeisbeingdestroyedisbadenough,butrealizingthatyoucan’tdoanythingto6itfeelsevenworse.Waterhadeinourfrontdoor.Rescue(营救)boatswerefloatinginourstreets.Mothertold7topackanovernightbagofclothesandvaluablesandgetreadytoleave.Whenitwas8safetowalkoutside,allthepeopleintheneighborhoodgatheredatthestreetcorner.Peoplebecamefriends,9friendsbecamelikefamily.Peopleforted(安慰)eachother.Welearntlaterthatthestormbecameaflashflood.Ireallyhavelearned10fromthisflood.I’velearnedwhatdestruction(毀灭)isandwhatsafetymeans.Iknowinthefuture,whenIwatchpeople’slivesaffectedbynaturaldisasters,Icanunderstandthem.Iwillshowmygreatpityonthemandtrymybesttohelpthem.1．A．on B．from C．into D．at2．A．beat B．shook C．touched D．hit3．A．takeup B．makeup C．pickup D．setup4．A．better B．worse C．easier D．more5．A．However B．Like C．Instead D．Forexample6．A．keep B．throw C．afford D．stop7．A．her B．them C．me D．you8．A．hardly B．quickly C．finally D．slowly9．A．so B．or C．and D．but10．A．anything B．something C．everything D．nothing【答案】1．C2．B3．C4．B5．A6．D7．C8．C9．C10．B【分析】文章讲述了作者家园遭遇了洪水的经历，从这个经历中，让作者明白了毁灭和安全意味着什么，也让他意识到应该理解和帮助那些