11What'sthematter？（原卷版）-2021-2022学年八年级英语下册链接教材精准变式练（人教版）

Unit1What'sthematter?教材核心词汇教材核心词汇知识链接及典例解读breakn.间歇；休息【教材原句】Youneedtotakebreaksawayfromtheputer.你需要远离电脑休息。【常见用法】break作名词，意为“间歇；休息”，常用于短语takebreaks/takeabreak,意为“休息”。break还可以作及物动词，意为“（使）破碎；违犯；违背”，后面可以直接跟宾语，比如breakacup,breaktherules/promises.break的形容词形式是broken,意为“破碎的；损坏的”。Theyworkedfortenhourswithoutabreak.他们工作了10个小时，没有休息。Ihavetobreakthewindowtogetintotheroom.我不得不打破窗户进入房间。Mindthebrokenglass.当心碎玻璃。Thesoccerballbrokethewindow.足球把窗户打碎了。troublen.问题；苦恼【教材原句】“It'ssadthatmanypeopledon'twanttohelpothersbecausetheydon'twantanytrouble,”saysonepassenger.一位乘客说：“很多人不想帮助他人因为他们不想惹麻烦，这很令人伤心。”【常见用法】trouble作名词，意为“问题；苦恼”；trouble还可作动词，意为“麻烦（某人）；使苦恼”。Wehavetroubleinworkingouttheproblem.解决这个问题我们有困难。We'llbeinbigtroubleifwemissthebus.如果我们错过公交车，我们将会有大麻烦。Youwillgetintotroubleifyouparkyourcarhere.如果你把你的车停在这里，你会遇到麻烦的。Ipromisenottotroubleyouagain.我保证再也不麻烦你了。搭配收藏①havetrouble(in)doingsth.做某事有困难②beintrouble处于困境；惹出麻烦③getintotrouble陷入困境；遇到麻烦④troublesb.麻烦某人liev.躺；平躺【教材原句】Ithinkyoushouldliedownandrest.我认为你应该躺下休息。【常见用法】lie作动词，意为“躺；平躺”，可用于短语liedown,意为“躺下”，其过去式为lay.lie还可作“位于”讲，后跟副词或介词。lie意为“说谎”时常用于短语lietosb.(对某人说谎）和lieaboutsth.(就某事撒谎），此时lie的过去式为lied.lie的现在分词为lying.lie还可以作名词，意为“谎言”，常用于短语tellalie,意为“说谎”。Don'tlieonthewetfloor.不要躺在潮湿的地板上。Thetownliesinasmallvalley.这个城镇位于一个小山谷之中。Sheliedaboutherage.她谎报了她的年龄。Ialwaysknowwhenhe'stellinglies.他一说谎我就知道。Look!Thebabyislyingonthebed.看！这个婴儿正躺在床上。典例［浙江杭州中考］Afteralongday,Tomdownonthebedandwenttosleep.【解析】句意为：漫长的一天后，汤姆在床上躺下并睡着了。根据首字母提示和空后的down及bed可知此处表示“躺下”。liedown意为“躺下”，为固定短语；结合后面的went可知本句为一般过去时，lie意为“躺；平躺”时，过去式为lay.【答案】layriskn.&v.危险；风险；冒险【教材原句】Asamountainclimber,Aronisusedtotakingrisks.作为一名登山者，阿伦习惯于冒险。【常见用法】risk作名词，意为“危险；风险”，可用于短语takerisks/arisk(冒险）和atrisk(处境危险；受到威胁）。risk还可以作动词，意为“冒险”，其后可跟名词、代词或动名词形式作宾语。Icouldn'ttaketheriskofleavinghimalone.我不能冒险留他独自一人。Thatwouldmeanputtingotherchildrenatrisk.那就意味着把其他孩子置于危险中。Whenchildrenstartsmoking,theydon'trealizethatthey'reriskingtheirhealth.当孩子们开始抽烟时，他们没有意识到他们是在拿他们的健康冒险。典例［山东烟台中考·改编］Eatingtoomuchsaltincreasesthe（风险）ofhighbloodpressure.【解析】根据中文提示可知此处指吃太多盐增加患高血压的风险，设空处应填名词，故填risk.【答案】riskdecisionn.决定；抉择【教材原句】...wehavetomakeadecisionthatcouldmeanlifeordeath.······我们不得不做出可能意味着生或死的决定。【常见用法】decision为decide的名词形式，意为“决定；抉择”。makeadecisiontodosth.相当于decidetodosth.,意为“决定做某事”。Wemakeadecisiontogotothemuseumtomorrow.我们决定明天去博物馆。【联想拓展】－sion为名词后缀，类似的词还有discussion（讨论），expression(表达），conclusion(结论）等。典例［山东烟台中考·改编］Theyhaven'tmadea（decide)aboutwheretospendtheirsummervacation.【解析】冠词a后面跟可数名词单数，动词decide的名词形式为decision,意为“决定；抉择”时为可数名词。makeadecision意为“做决定”。【答案】decisionmeanv.意思是；打算；意欲【教材原句】Thismeansbeinginadifficultsituationthatyoucannotseemtogetoutof.它的意思是“处于一个你似乎无法摆脱的困境之中”。【常见用法】mean作及物动词，意为“意思是；打算；意欲”，表示一个人的言论或行为、某一标志或词语的意思所指，其后常接名词、动名词形式、动词不定式或宾语从句。其过去式是meant,名词形式是meaning,意为“意义；意思”。其形容词形式为meaningful和meaningless,二者互为反义词，分别意为“有意义的”和“无意义的”。Theredlightmeans“stop”。红灯表示“停止”。【易混辨析】meandoingsth.与meantodosth.的用法区别易混词组用法meandoingsth.意为“意味着做某事”，此处mean意为“意味着”。meantodosth.意为“打算做某事”，此处mean意为“打算；意欲”。Mynewjobwillmeantravelingallovertheworld.我的新工作将意味着周游世界。Ididn'tmeantoupsetyou.我没打算让你伤心。典例［湖北武汉中考·改编］Ididn'tmeanCurryyesterday.Itwaspouringwithrainsacceptedhisofferofalift.A.totroubleB.troubleC.troublingD.troubled【解析】meantodosth.意为“打算做某事”；meandoingsth.意为“意味着做某事”。由下一句中的soIacceptedhisofferofalift可知此处指“我昨天没打算麻烦柯里”，故选A项。【答案】Acontroln.&v.限制；约束；管理【教材原句】Inthisbook,Arontellsoftheimportanceofmakinggooddecisions,andofbeingincontrolofone'slife.在这本书中，阿伦讲述了正确抉择和掌控自己的命运的重要性。【常见用法】control作名词时，意为“限制；约束；管理”。control还可以作动词，其后可直接跟宾语。Babiesarebornwithverylittlecontrolovertheirmovements.婴儿出生时几乎无法控制自己的活动。Sarahtookadeepbreath,tryingtocontrolheranger.萨拉深吸一口气，努力控制她的愤怒。【背例句·学搭配】－Doyouneedanyhelp?你需要帮忙吗？－No,thanks.It'sundercontrol.不，谢谢。一切都在掌控之中。Thisfactoryisinthecontroloftheoldman.这家工厂由这位老人管理。Theplanewasoutofcontrolandcrashedintothesea.飞机失控，坠入了大海。搭配收藏①beundercontrol被控制住；处于控制之中②beinthecontrolof...受·····控制；受······管理③beoutofcontrol失去控制Thecarwasoutofcontrolandhitatree.汽车失去控制，撞到了树上。一、单项选择1．Mr.Li.Ifeelalittlenervousbeforethisingexam.You’dbettertakeabreak（选出划线同义词）fromstudiesandrelax.A．rest B．breath C．walk D．lie2．—I’msorrytobreakyourpen.—_______A．That’sright B．Itdoesn’tmatter C．Thankyou D．You’rewele3．Luketoldmetotakeabreakfromrunning.A．haveabreak B．takearestC．havearest D．alltheabove4．—Ihavetrouble_________newword.Canyouhelpme?—Sure.Youcanlookitupinthedictionary.A．understanding B．tounderstand C．understand D．understood5．—______—Ihaveatoothache.A．What'swrongwithyou? B．What'sthematterwithyou?C．What'syourtrouble? D．A，BandC6．Lindahastrouble____________Chinesehistory.A．learning B．learn C．tolearn D．learned7．—Mysisterhasastomachache.—Youshouldtellherandrest.A．toliedown B．lyingdown C．liedown D．laydown8．Thedriverwasscaredalotwhenhesawanoldmanontheroad.A．lay B．lying C．tolie9．Ifyoudon’tmind______,you’resuretosucceedoneday.A．takerisks B．haveriskC．takingrisks D．havingrisk10．Hemadeadecisionrisks.A．take B．takes C．totake D．taking11．Theyhadtomakeadecisionthatcouldmean___________________.A．liveanddie B．lifeordie C．liveanddeath D．lifeordeath12．Ididn’tmean_____Curryyesterday.ItwaspouringwithrainsoIacceptedhisofferofalift.A．totrouble B．trouble C．troubling D．troubled13．IoftenseemyfriendsuseASAPwhenchattingonline.Whatdoesitmean,Simon?It“assoonaspossible”.A．standsup B．standsfor C．takesplace D．takesaway14．ThelettersNBAmeantheNationalBasketballAssociation.A．are B．beeC．standfor D．instead15．—IsPaulincontrol________thissupermarket?—Yes.________oursurprise,hereallydoesagoodjob.A．of;With B．with;With C．of;To D．with;To16．________thescientists’hardwork,TiangongIIwaslaunched(发射)successfully.A．Asfor B．Thanksto C．Insteadof D．Incontrolof17．Weallknowtheimportanceof_______controlofourownlives.A．bein B．beingin C．tobein D．in18．Iexpectto_____afamoussupermarketinthefuture.A．incontrolof B．beincontrolofC．beinthecontrol D．inthecontrolof19．Icouldn'tbelievethatsuchanexpensivecarwas________andcrashedintoanothercar.A．withoutcontrolling B．outofcontrol C．underthecontrol20．ThetrafficinWuhanwillbelessbusy______moresubways.A．becauseof B．because C．incontrolo