现代汉语语法纲要

现代汉语语法纲要（EssentialsofmodernChinesegrammar）

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TeachingsyllabusformodernChineseII

Coursenumber:

CourseEnglishName:MODERNCHINESE

Coursenature:requiredcourse

Coursecategory:basiccourseofdiscipline

Credits:3

Totalhours:54

Classhours:3

Major:Chineselanguage,literature,Journalism

Suitableforstudents:undergraduate(internal/externalenrollment)

StartingDepartment:ChineseDepartment

Teachingobjectivesandteachingrequirements

Thiscourseisguidedbylinguisticbasictheories

Adheretotheprincipleofservingthesocialistmodernizationdrive

Accordingtothecharacteristicsofhighervocationaleducation,weshouldpayattentiontothecultivationofAppliedTalents

Prominentpracticability

Focusonbasictheoriesandbasicknowledge

Emphasisisplacedonthetrainingoflanguagepracticeability

ImprovingthelanguageproficiencyofHigherVocationalStudents

Byteaching

Thefollowingtwopointsarerequired:

(1)languageisthemostimportantcommunicationtoolforhumanbeings

It'salsoatoolofthinking

therefore

ItisnecessarytofullyunderstandtheimportanceofmasteringthebasictheoriesandknowledgeofmodernChinese

Fullyrealizetheimportanceofstandardizationoflanguageinmodernconstructionwork

(two)masterthebasictheoryandbasicknowledgeofmodernChinese

TheabilitytousemodernChinesetheoriesandknowledgetoanalyzespeechphenomena

Especiallytheabilityoftheproblemandtodistinguishbetweenrightandwrong

Thecorrectuseofthelanguageofthemotherland

Two,thefocusanddifficultyofthiscourse

Thebasictheories,basicknowledgeandbasicskillsrequiredbythemodernChinesecurriculumhavealreadybeenexpressedinacomprehensiveandgeneralway

ThemodernChinesecourseisaverypracticalbasiccourse

Thetrainingofbasicskillsmustbeemphasized

Inordertobetterimplementthe"ThreeBasics"onthebasicskillsofteachingrequirements

Thefollowingdetailsarealsogiven

Sothatwecanrefertotheimplementation

Three,themainpracticalteachinglinksandrequirements

Mainlinks:teacherteaching+discussion+practice+Practice

Itrunsthroughthewholeteachingprocess

ModernChineseisbasedontheexistinglanguagepoliciesofthepartyandthestate

Accordingtolinguistictheories

ToteachthebasicknowledgeofgrammarandpragmaticsinmodernChinesecommonlanguage

Improvestudents'abilitytounderstand,analyzeandapplymodernChinesegrammarandPragmatics

Atthesametime,weshouldmakecleartheimportanceoflearningmodernChinese

ThespiritofstandardizationofmodernChineseshouldbecarriedout

Stressthenorms,civilizationandhealthoflanguageuse

teachingmethod

Differentteachingmethodsareadoptedaccordingtodifferentteachingcontentsandteachingobjects

Mainlythere:

1.heuristicaccordingtothecharacteristicsofstudentsinInstitutionsofhigherlearning

Inspirestudentstothinkforthemselves

Askdoubtfulquestionsandinquireintodifficultproblems

Teachboththeoryandknowledge

Instructionmethod

Improvetheabilitytounderstandandanalyzelanguagephenomena

2.,littleandgood,forthestudent'sactual

AccordingtothegeneraltheoreticalknowledgeandpracticalskillsrequiredbythecourseofmodernChinese

Highlightkeypoints

Breakthroughdifficulty

Solvedoubtfulpoints

Strengthenskillstraining

3.,inquirybasedontherequirementsofthenewcurriculumreform

Encouragestudentstodoinquirylearning

Teachersshouldbemoreconsciousinclassandencouragestudentstoquestion

Teachersandstudentscanjointlychallenge

Thefinalanswer

Similarproblemscanalsodrawinferencesfromothers

Forbetterresults

4.,itisalsooneoftheteachingmethodsrequiredbythenewcurriculumreform

Accordingtotheprogressofteachingandtherequirementsofteachingcontent

Studentscandoautonomouslearning

Theyhavetherighttochoosewhattheyconsiderusefulorwhattheyneedtodointheirfutureworkandstudy

Teacherscanteachinthisrespect;inaddition,teachershavetherighttochoosewhattheythinkcanbelearnedbythestudentsthemselves

5.,combiningtheorywithpractice,modernChineseitselfisatheory,knowledgeandpracticeareverystrongcurriculum

Therefore,itisveryimportanttocombinetheorywithpracticeinTeaching

Teachingshouldpayattentiontotheuseoflanguagerulestoguidestudents'languagepractice

Helpstudentssolvepracticalproblemsinlanguage

Inadditiontotheuseoftheoryandpracticeinclass,teachingpractice

Studentsarealsorequiredtodomoreexercises

Practiceshouldalsocontactourlanguagereality

Atthesametime,intheseplannedexercises,weshouldpayattentiontothecharacteristicsofconsolidation,inspirationandcomprehensiveness

Four,teachingmaterialsandmainreferences

Book:"generalmodernChineselanguage"

ShaoJingmineditor

ShanghaiEducationPress

June2001editionfirst

Mainbibliography:

OttoErsberson1924grammarPhilosophy

HeYongetal.

LanguagePress

December1988

ThegrammarofZhaoYuanren's1968Chineselanguage

DingBangxintranslation

ChineseUniversityHongKongpress

Onethousandninehundredandeighty

LvShuxiang,1979,Chinesegrammaticalanalysis

commercialpress

LvShuxiang,editor1980,modernChineseeighthundredwords

commercialpress

LvShuxiang1982Chinesegrammaroutline

commercialpress

ZhuDexi1982lecturesongrammar

commercialpress

ZhuDexi1980modernChinesegrammarresearch

commercialpress

ZhuDexi1985grammarquestionandanswer

commercialpress

LuJianming,MaZhen,1985modernChinesefunctionwords

PekingUniversitypress

LuJianming1985modernChinesesyntax

PekingUniversitypress

XingFuyi,1997.Chinesegrammar

NortheastNormalUniversitypress

ShaoJingmin1990Chinesegrammarhistory

ShanghaiEducationPress

Five,assessmentformandachievementcalculation

1,thiscoursetakestheformofclosedexamination;

2,thecurriculumtotalscoreconsistsoftwoparts:usually30%+,finalexamresults70%

Six,basicteachingcontent

Thefourthchapterisgrammar

ThefirstsectionisanoverviewofmodernChineseGrammar(2classes)

Learningpoints:

1.masterthegeneralfeaturesandfourmainfeaturesofChinesegrammar

2.familiarwithgrammaticalcategories

3.understandthesimplehistoryofthedevelopmentofChinesegrammar

Content:

I.BasicFeaturesofgrammar

1.definitionofgrammar

2.,thebasicfeaturesofgrammarareabstract,generative,recursive,systematicandnational

Two,themainfeaturesofChinesegrammar

Three.Grammaticalcategories

1.traditionalgrammar

2.descriptivegrammar

3.generativegrammar

4.functionalgrammar

Secondpartsofspeechandfunctionalanalysis(4hours)

Learningpoints

1.understandthepartofspeechsysteminmodernChinese

2.tomasterthecharacteristicsoftenwordsandfourwordslexicalcategoryoflexicalcategory

3.canusefunctionalanalysistodeterminethepartofspeechineachword

Content:

PartofspeechinChineseanditsdivisionstandard

Two,theChinesewordsystem

(a)NOUN

(two)verb

(three)adjectives

(four)numeral

(five)quantifier

(six)pronouns

(seven)distinctivewords

(eight)adverb

(nine)onomatopoeia

(ten)interjection

Thirdfunctionwordsandpartsofspeechtheory(4hours)

Learningpoints:

1.understandsometheoreticalproblemsinthedivisionofwordclasses

2.,theuseoffunctionalanalysistoidentifyanumberofmisciblepartsofspeech

3.graspsomeimportantfeaturesoftheuseoffunctionwords

Content:

Chinesefunctionwordsystem

(eleven)prepositions

(twelve)conjunctions

(thirteen)auxiliaryword

(fourteen)modalparticles

Two,thediscriminationanduseoffunctionwords

(1)correctlygraspthegrammaticalmeaningoffunctionwords

(two)grasptheuseoffunctionwordsaccurately

Three,thetheoryofwordclassdivision

Fourthphrasesandanalytichierarchyprocess(4hours)

Learningpoints:

1.understandthecharacteristicsandfunctionsofvariousphrasesinmodernChinese

2.graspthethreeprinciplesofanalytichierarchyprocess

3.abletoaccuratelyanalyzethehierarchicalrelationshipsofcomplexphrases

Content:

First,thestructuretypeofphrase

(1)phrases(phrases)

1.subjectpredicatephrase2.

3.objectphrasephrase4.verbphrase.

5.even6.phrasepredicatephrase7.concurrentphraseappositivephrases8.

(two)phrase(structure)

1.,quantifierstructure,2.directionalstructure,3.prepositionstructure,4."wordstructure"

Two,analytichierarchyprocess

(1)thehierarchyofsyntacticstructures

(two)thethreebasicprinciplesofanalytichierarchyprocess

Fifthsentencepatterns,sentencetypesandsentencepatterns(4hours)

Learningpoints:

1.mastertheprinciplesofsentencepatterns,sentencetypesandsentencepatterns

2.canclassifythesentencepatterns,sentencetypesandsentencetypesofspecificsentences

Content:

Sentencepattern

(1)characteristicsofsentencepatterns

(two)sentencepatternsystem

(three)theprinciplesandmethodsofsentencepatternanalysis

Two,sentencecategory

(a)declarativesentence

(two)interrogativesentence

(three)imperativesentence

(four)exclamatorysentences

Three,sentencepattern

(1)predicateverbpredicatesentence

(two)doubleobjectsentence

(three)existentialsentences

(four)"Ba"

(five)"Bei"sentence

Semanticanalysisinsixthsentencestructures(4hours)

Learningpoints:

1.masterthesemanticanalysisinsyntacticstructure

Itmainlyreferstothreemethods:semanticrole,semanticdirectionandsemanticfeature

2.canusetheseanalyticmethodstoexplainvariouslanguagephenomena

Content:

I.semanticroles

(1)whatissemanticrelations?

(two)therelationbetweensemanticrelationandsyntacticrelation

(three)thecategoriesofsemanticrelationsbetweenverbsandnominalwords

(four)theexplanatorypowerofsemanticrelations

Two,semanticorientation

(1)whatissemanticorientation?

(two)thetypesofsemanticorientation

(three)theexplanatorypowerofsemanticorientation

Three,semanticfeatures

(1)whataresemanticfeatures?

(two)theexplanatorypowerofsemanticfeatures

Seventhanalysisofambiguity(3hours)

Learningpoints:

1.understandthebasictypesofChineseAmbiguityformats

The2.pointistheambiguitycausedbydifferentsyntacticstructures,levels,relations,semanticdirectionsandsemanticrelations

3.,wecanmakeuseofphonetics,vocabulary,syntaxandothermethodstodifferentiatetheambiguitystructure

Content:

First,whatisambiguity?

Two,ambiguitytypes

(I)oralambiguity

(two)writtenambiguity

Three,ambiguousformat

Four,meansofeliminatingambiguity

(1)usingvoice

(two)changingwordsorchangingsentences

(three)usingcontext

Eighthsectionsofcompoundsentences(5hours)

Learningpoints:

Understandthedifferencebetweenthe1.sentencesandsentences

2.,graspthenatureandcharacteristicsofcompoundsentences

ThefunctionandmeaningofRelatedwordsandwordorder

3.,familiarwithcomplexsentencesaredividedintofourcategories

Andthecharacteristicsofthetenbasictypes

Content:

First,thedefinitionandcharacteristicsofcompoundsentences

Thedifferencebetweenthetwo,complexsentencesandsentences

Three,thetypesofcompoundsentences

Characteristicsandclassificationof1.coordinatecompoundsentences

Characteristicsandclassificationof2.coherentcompoundsentences

3.,selectthefeaturesandclassificationofcompoundsentences

Characteristicsandclassificationof4.progressivecompoundsentences

Characteristicsandclassificationof5.complexsentences

Characteristicsandclassificationof6.concessioncompoundsentences

7.,thecharacteristicsandclassificationofcompoundsentences

Characteristicsandclassificationof8.purposecompoundsentences

Characteristicsandclassificationof9.conditionalcomplexsentences

10.,thecharacteristicsandclassificationofcausalcompoundsentences

Fourandmorerepeatedsentences

(1)repeatedsentencesandrepeatedsentences

(two)theanalysisprincipleandanalysisprocedureofrepeatedsentences

(three)twoauxiliarymethodstoverifytheaccuracyofsentencerepetitioninmultiplerepetitionsentences

Thefifthchapterispragmatic

ThefirstsectionisabriefintroductiontomodernChinesePragmatics(2classes)

Learningpoints:

1.tounderstandtheobjectandsignificanceofpragmaticanalysisofChinese

2.recognizethebasicelementsofpragmaticanalysis

Especiallythedeepunderstandingofthefunctionofcontext

Knowhowtousegoodwordsindiscoursecommunicationtoachievethegoalbylaw

Content:

I.significanceofpragmaticandpragmaticanalysis

Two,thebasicelementsofPragmatics

(I)Addresser

(two)receiver

(three)discoursecontent

(four)context

Three,therelationshipbetweenthecontextandthespeakerandreceiver

(1)contextissharedbyallcommunicatingparties

(two)contextualfactorsinvolvedinspeechact

(three)theknowledgeselectedaccordingtotherelevanceprincipleconstitutesacontextforunderstandingadiscourse

Secondspeechactsandtheirbasicprinciples(4hours)

Learningpoints:

1.understandthebasicelements,threelevelsandcharacteristicsofspeechact;

2.masterthebasicprinciplesofspeechact:conversationalcooperationprincipleandpolitenessprinciple;

3.,theuseoftheseprinciplestoexplainspecificlanguagecommunicationphenomenon

Content:

I.speechactanalysis

(I)speechact

(two)thetypesofspeechact

Two,thebasicnormsofspeechcommunication

Three,thebasicnormsofspeechcommunication

(1)politenessprinciple

(two)threemaximsofpolitenessprinciple

Thirdsectionsofdiscoursestructure(3hours)

Learningpoints:

1.tounderstandthebasicconceptsofdiscoursecohesion:cohesion,cohesionandcoherence

2.,understandthetypesandcharacteristicsofcohesion,typesandcharacteristicsoftopicpromotion

3.familiarwiththetypesofdiscoursestructuresandconversationalstructures

Andcananalyzethespecificdiscoursestructure

Content:

First,discoursecohesion

(I)definition

(two)thecharacteristicsofdiscoursecohesion

(thr