名词性从句复习讲义-2025届高三英语一轮复习

名词性从句复习

注意：

1.在名词性从句中，连接词的选择要根据从句的句意和上下文来确定。

2.当从句是陈述句时，通常使用连接词that（可省略，但在正式文体中建议保

留）；当从句是疑问句时，通常使用whether/if（表示选择或疑问）或连接代词

/副词（表示具体的疑问内容）。

3.在宾语从句中，当从句是特殊疑问句时，其语序要调整为陈述句语序。

4.同位语从句与定语从句的区别在于：同位语从句是对前面名词或代词的具体内

容的阐述或解释，而定语从句则是对前面名词或代词的修饰和限定。

一、主语从句

定义：在句子中充当主语成分的从句。

弓I导词：that,whether,if,who,whom,which,what,whose,how,when,where等。

使用原则：主语从句通常位于句首，用于描述句子的主要动作或状态的执行者或

承受者。它可以是陈述句、疑问句或祈使句（但祈使句作为主语从句的情况较少

见）。

构成：主语从句通常由连接词that（可省略，但当从句中有疑问词或表示否定、

强调等意义的词时，通常不省略）或whether/if（表示选择或疑问）引导，后面

跟完整的句子结构。

例句：

1.Whathesaidmademethinkdeeply.

2.ffhetherhewillcomeornotisstillamystery.

3.Howwecansolvetheproblemisourmainconcern.

4.Thattheearthmovesaroundthesunisawell-knownfact.

5.Whoeverbreaksthelawshouldbepunished.

练习题

1.hesaidatthemeetingsurprisedusall.

A.ffhatB.ThatC.HowD.Why

2.youdo,doitwithallyourheart.

A.WhateverB.WheneverC.WhereverD.However

3.Itisheoftenfailsinexamsthatmakeshisparentsworried.

A.whatB.becauseC.thatD.why

4.isknowntoall,themoontravelsaroundtheearth.

A.AsB.WhichC.ThatD.What

5.weshoulddonextisstillunderdiscussion.

A.ffhatB.HowC.WhetherD.When

答案：AAC（强调句结构）AA

二、宾语从句

定义：在句子中充当宾语成分的从句。

弓I导词：that,whether/itwho,whom,which,what,whose,how,when,where等。

使用原则：宾语从句用于充当及物动词、介词或某些形容词的宾语，传递动作或

状态的对象、内容或结果。

构成：宾语从句可以由连接词that（可省略）、whether/if（表示疑问或选择）、

连接代词（who,whom,whose,what,which）或连接副词（when,where,why,

how）引导，后面跟完整的句子结构。

例句：

1.Iknowthatheishonest.

2.SheaskedmewhetherIhadfinishedmyhomework.

3.CanyoutellmehowIcangettothenearestbusstop?

4.Hetoldmewhathadhappenedtheotherday.

5.Wearenotsurewhethertheywillcomeornot.

练习题

6.SheaskedmeIwouldgowithhertotheconcert.

A.whetherB.ifC.thatD.what

7.Doyouknowthenearesthospitalis?

A.whereB.whatC.howD.why

8.Ihavenoideahewillcometomybirthdayparty.

A.ifB.whetherC.thatD.when

9.Theteacherexplainedthesolarsystemwasformed.

A.howB.whatC.thatD.when

10.Idon，trememberIleftmykeysathome.

A.ifB.whetherC.thatD.when

答案：

A/B（两者均可，但whether更常用于表达两种可能性）

A

B（但注意，if在某些情况下也可接受，但whether更正式）

A

B/D（两者均可，但根据语境，D更合适，表示不记得具体何时）

三、表语从句

定义：在句子中充当表语成分的从句。

弓I导词：that,whether,if,who,whom,which,what,how,when,where,because,as

if,asthough等。

使用原则：表语从句用于描述主语的特征、性质或状态，通常位于系动词（如be,

become,seem,appear等）之后。

构成：表语从句可以由连接词that（通常不省略，以保持句子的正式性）或

whether/if（表示疑问或选择，但较少用于表语从句中）引导，也可以由连接代

词或连接副词引导，后面跟完整的句子结构。

例句：

1.Theproblemisthatwedon，thaveenoughmoney.

2.Whathesaidistrue.

3.Thereasonwhyhedidn，tcomeisthathewasill.

4.Thetruthiswhostolethemoneyisstillunknown.

5.Mysuggestionisthatweshouldstartearlytomorrow.

练习题

11.Thequestioniswecanfindenoughfundingfortheproject.

A.whetherB.ifC.thatD.how

12.Whatheisdoingnowishecanfinishthereportbefore

deadline.

A.whetherB.ifC.thatD.tomakesure

13.Themostimportantthingisweshouldworktogetherasa

team.

A.thatB.howC.whetherD.when

14.Myconcernisthechildrenaresafeandhappy.

A.thatB.whetherC.ifD.how

15.Therealissueiswecanaffordtobuyanewhouse.

A.ifB.whetherC.thatD.how

答案：

D

C（注意，D选项不是从句，且语法错误）

A

A

B（但注意，C在某些语境下也可接受，表示一个陈述性的表语从句，但B更

强调两种可能性）

四、同位语从句

定义：对前面的抽象名词进行具体说明的从句，通常由that引导，有时也可由

whether,if,when,where,why等引导（较少见）。

使用原则：同位语从句用于对前面的名词或代词进行进一步的解释或说明，通常

与前面的名词或代词在逻辑上是同位关系。

构成：同位语从句通常由连接词that（不省略）引导，有时也可以由连接代词或

连接副词引导（但较少见），后面跟完整的句子结构。注意，同位语从句的内容

通常是对前面名词或代词的具体内容的阐述或解释。

例句：

1.Thenewsthathewonthelotterywasexciting.

2.Thefactthatsheishonestiswell-known.

3.TheideathatweshouldtraveltoEuropethissummerisexciting.

4.Thereasonwhyhedidn，tcometothepartyisthathewasbusy.

5.Thebeliefthathardworkleadstosuccessiswidelyheld.

练习题

16.Theorderallstudentsmustwearuniformsisstrictinour

school.

A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whether

17.Therumorthecompanyisgoingtolayoffstaffisspreading

quickly.

A.thatB.whichC.whatD.if

18.Theinformationheprovidedwasveryuseful.

A.thatB.whichC.whatD.how

19.Thepromisehewouldhelpuswiththeprojectwaskept.

A.thatB.ifC.whetherD.when

20.Theevidencehewasguiltywasoverwhelming.

A.thatB.whichC.whatD.where

答案：AAAAA

完形填空：

WhenIheardthenews(1)ourteamhadwonthechampionship,

Icouldn，thelpbutfeelexcited.Itwas(2)Ihadbeendreaming

offorsolong.Thecoachgaveusaspeech(3)explainedhowwe

hadachievedthissuccess.Hesaidthatitwasnotjustourskills

(4)madethedifference,butalsoourteamworkanddetermination.

Irememberedthedays(5)wepracticedtogether,facingchallenges

andovercomingthem.

(1)A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whether

(2)A.thatB.whatC.whichD.how

(3)A.whichB.whenC.whereD.that

(4)A.whichB.thatC.whoD./

(5)A.whenB.whereC.whyD.that

Onceuponatime,therewasalittleboynamedJackwholivedin

asmallvillage.Healwaysaskedhismother(1)thestarsinthe

skywere.Hismother,whowaswiseandkind,explained(2)they

weredistantsunslikeourown.Jackwasfascinatedby(3)his

mothertoldhimanddecidedtobecomeanastronomerwhenhegrewup.

Ashegrewolder,Jackstudiedhardandreadmanybooks(4)

couldteachhimabouttheuniverse.Helearned(5)theplanets

movedand(6)causedthetides.Histeacherwasimpressedby(7)

muchJackknewandencouragedhimtopursuehisdreams.

Oneday,Jackfoundatelescopeinhisfather，sattic.Hewas

thrilledandimmediatelystartedobservingthenightsky,tryingto

findout(8)starshehadseenbeforewere.Withtime,Jack

becameanexpertinhisfieldanddiscoveredanewplanet,whichhe

named〃PlanetJack"inhonorof(9)hadinspiredhim.

Jack，sdiscoverymadehimfamous,andhewasinvitedtospeakat

manyconferences.Hesharedhisknowledgeandpassionforastronomy

withothers,explaining(10)theuniverseworkedand(11)

hehadbeenabletomakesuchagroundbreakingdiscovery.Manypeople

wereinspiredbyhisstoryanddecidedtofollowtheirowndreams.

Oneday,Jackreceivedaletterfromayounggirl(12)asked

himhowhehadbecomesosuccessful.Inhisreply,Jackwroteabout

hischildhoodcuriosityand(13)haddrivenhimtoexplorethe

universe.Healsomentioned(14)importantitwastohavea

supportivefamilyandteacherswhobelievedinhim.

Jackcontinuedtoworkhardandmademanymorediscoveries

throughouthislife.Heneverforgot(15)hadstartedhisjourney

andwasalwaysgratefulfortheopportunitieshehadbeengiven.In

hisfinalyears,Jacklookedbackonhislifeandfeltproudof(16)

hehadaccomplished.Heknewthathislegacywouldliveonthrough

thegenerationsandinspireotherstolookupatthestarsanddream

A.whereB.whatC.howD.why

A.thatB.whatC.whetherD.if

A.whatB.thatC.whichD.how

A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where

A.howB.whatC.whereD.why

A.thatB.whatC.howD.who

A.howB.whatC.thatD.which

A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.what

A.whoB.whomC.thatD.which

(10)A.howB.whatC.whyD.where

(11)A.howB.thatC.whyD.when

(12)A.whoB.whomC.thatD.which

(13)A.thatB.whatC.whoD.how

(14)A.howB.thatC.whetherD.what

(15)A.whereB.howC.whatD.who

(16)A.thatB.whatC.howD.where

以下是一篇包含15个空白的短文，每个空白处需填入一个适当的名词性从句，

以完成句子的意思。请在给出的选项中选择最合适的答案，或根据上下文自行构

造合适的从句填入。

Iremembertheday(1)Ifirstmetmybestfriend,Lily.It

wasasunnyafternoon,andIwaswalkingaloneinthepark.Suddenly,

Iheardasoftvoice(2)sangabeautifulmelody.Iturned

aroundandsawagirlsittingonabench,playingtheguitar.

Iwalkedoverandaskedher(3)shewassinging.Shesmiled

andsaiditwasherfavoritesong.Westartedtalking,andsoonIfound

out(4)shewasreallyinterestedinmusicandhadbeenplaying

theguitarforyears.

Fromthatdayon,webecameclosefriends.Wesharedeverything

witheachother,includingourdreamsandfears.Lilyalwaysknew(5)

tosaytomakemefeelbetterwhenIwassad.AndIwasalways

thereforher,nomatter(6)happened.

Oneday,Lilytoldme(7)shewasplanningtomovetoanother

citybecauseofherfamily，sjob.Iwasshockedandsad,butI

understoodthatsometimeslifetakesustounexpectedplaces.

Beforesheleft,wepromisedeachother(8)wewouldnever

forgetourfriendship.Wealsoagreed(9)wewouldkeepintouch

throughlettersandphonecalls.

Eventhoughwearefarawayfromeachothernow,Istillfeel(10)

sheisalwayswithme.WheneverIlistentomusic,Ithinkof

Lilyandthedays(11)wespenttogether.

Ioftenwonder(12)sheisdoingnowandifshestillplays

theguitar.Ihope(13)sheishappyandfollowingherdreams.

Sometimes,Idreamoftheday(14)wewillmeetagain.I

knowthatwhenthatdaycomes,itwillbelikenotimehaspassedat

all.