2023-2024学年小升初英语精美讲义练习第11讲冠词（牛津上海版试用本）（学生版）

授课主题第11讲冠词教学目标1.使学生掌握冠词的分类，定冠词、不定冠词和零冠词的用法2.熟记常见的冠词固定搭配教学重难点重点：冠词的分类，定冠词、不定冠词和零冠词的用法难点：常见的冠词固定搭配教学内容知识点一、冠词一、定义冠词的意义：冠词放在名词前面，用来说明名词所指的人或事物。分类类别特点举例不定冠词不定冠词是泛指，a/an是不定冠词。用于单数可数名词之前。Heisateacher.That’sanapple定冠词定冠词是特指，the是定冠词。定冠词通常位于名词或名词修饰语之前。Themoonisbright.DoyouliketheredPencil？零冠词在大部分抽象名词或特定名词前不加冠词Nowpeoplearelivingahappylife.WehavenoclassesonSunday.▲具体用法：不定冠词不定冠词有a/an，用于可数名词单数前，a用于辅音音素（并不一定是辅音字母）开头的单词前，如：apear,aball,asmallapple.an用于以元音音素（并不一定是元音字母）开头的单词前。如：anorange,anumbrella,anapple例：Thereisanapple,abananaandanorangeonthetable.不定冠词的几点说明：表示“一个”，意为one，如：“Apizza?ButIwantahamburger!”不定冠词用来表示类别，指某一类人或某一类事物中的一个（泛指），如：Hisfatherisadoctor.(所有医生中的一个)IworkinamiddleschoolinBeijing.(所有北京中学中的一所)不定冠词用于可数名词单数前，可以表示它所在的全类（泛指）。如：AnEnglishteacherteachesthestudentsEnglish.(泛指英语老师的职责)☆难点突破：有的名词虽然首字母是元音，但并非是元音发音，因此也用a，如：ausefulbook一本有用的书；有时首字母是辅音，却要用an，如：anhour，因为字母h在本单词中不发音。所以用a还是an是根据单词的第一个发音是否是元音而定，而非字母本身。【巩固练习1】Use“a/an”tofillintheblanks.Thereisnotebookonmydesk.Thereisbottleonthetable.–Whatdoyousee?–Iseeuniversity.Ittakesmehourtocleanmyroom.Whatsourorange!MayIhaveicecream?Look!Sheiswearinguniform.It’sdog.Waitmoment,please.MayIhavesecondtry?定冠词定冠词the与指示代词this，that同源，有“这（那）个”的意思，但较弱，可以和名词连用，表示或某些特定的人或东西。定冠词the的用法如下：用来表示世界上独一无二的事物。如：thesun,themoon,thesky,theearth,theworld.用于特指的东西。如：Thegirlinredismyfriend.用于表示方位的名词前。如：Theeast,thesouth,thewest,themiddle,ontheleft.用于形容词的最高级前或序数词前。如：ShanghaiisthebiggestcityinChina.Sheisthemostbeautifulgirlinherclass.Thefirststoryiswrittenbymyfather.用于乐器词前，但汉语拼音的乐器前不用冠词。如：Playthepiano,playtheviolin,playerhu(二胡)用于复数的姓氏前，表示这一家人。如：TheWhitesareathome.用于某些形容词前，表示一类人或事物。如：Theold,thepoor,theyoung,therich,thesick一些固定搭配。如：inthemorning,inthecountry,inthemiddle,inthesun,intheworld零冠词(1)节假日、星期、月份、季节等通常用零冠词：WehadagoodtimeonChristmasDay.我们在圣诞节过得很愉快。MondayesbeforeTuesday.星期二在星期一之后。HewasborninSeptember,1988.他出生在1988年9月。(2)球类、三餐、茶点等名词前，通常用零冠词：Weplaybasketballintheafternoon.我们下午打篮球。Whatdoyouhaveforbreakfast?你早餐吃什么?TheywereatteawhenIcalled.我来访时他们正在喝茶(吃茶点)。(3)某些用介词by构成的表方式的短语通常用零冠词：①表示乘坐交通工具：bybus乘公共汽车bybike(bicycle)骑自行车byplane/byair乘飞机byship(boat)坐船byland走陆路bysea走海路②表示用通讯或通信等方式：byphone用bytelegram用电报byletter用信件bypost用邮寄byradio用无线电byhand用手工【巩固练习2】Fillintheblankswith“a,an,the,/”Thisisinkbottle.It’sempty.Thatisjam.It’smyjam.TomisAmericanboy.ThatgirlisRose.Chinaisoneofbiggestcountriesintheworld.I’minhospital.Mymotherisill.Howdoyougotoschool?Onfoot.DoyouhaveclassesonSunday.ProfessorWangisplayingfootballwithus.Canyouplayguitar?Whatistime?It’s5:30.用与不用冠词的差异inhospital住院inthehospital在医院里infrontof在……(外部的)前面inthefrontof在……(内部的)前面takeplace发生taketheplace(of)代替gotoschool上学gototheschool到学校去nextyear明年thenextyear第二年ateacherandwriter一位教师兼作家(一人)ateacherandawriter一位教师和一位作家(两人)【巩固练习3】Iprefergoingby_____seatogoingin_________train.A./,/B./,theC./,aD.the,aMyfriend,Harry,hisfavoritesportisplaying______golf.A.aB.anC.the D./Mygrandpausedtohave______walkinthegardenafter____supper.A.a,a B./,a C.a,/ D./,/WhereisJack?Ithinkheisstillin______bed,buthemightjustbein______bathroom.A./,/B.the,theC.the,/D./,theDanny'sgrandmotherisillin______hospital.He'llgotheretoseeherafterschool.anB.theC.aD./知识点二、阅读C篇训练：Passage1:Agoodbreakfastisimportant.Youcaneasilyunderstandit.Bybreakfasttimeyouhavenoteatenanythingalmostabouttwelvehours.Yourbodyneedsfood.Oneg___1____breakfastshouldbericeorbread,aneggandmilk.Onac___2____morningacupofhotdrinkisnecessary.Youmustgetupearlytohavee___3____timetoeatbreakfast.Agoodbreakfasthelpsyoutosmilemoreeasily.Ithelpsyoutow____4____better.Yourwholed_5___willbemorefunafteryouhaveenjoyedagoodbreakfast.g_______________2.c_________________3.e_____________4.w______________5.d_____________Passage2:EveryMondayisusuallyaverybusytimeinShanghai.Peopleusuallyrush（匆忙）totheirjobs.Myfathergoestoworkbyt_______,sometimeshetakestheb________.Iusuallygotoschoolonf_______.ButsometimesItaketheschoolbus,andmymothergoestothebankbyu_____________.Thecityisalwaysverybusy.Therearealotofbicycles,vans，motorbikes（摩托车）andc_____ontheroad.It’sfulloftraffic(交通拥挤).Theymoveveryslowly.一、选择最佳答案Hisfatheris_______Englishteacher．Heworksinourschool．A．aB．anC．theD．／Shehas_______orangeskirt．_______skirtisnice．A．a；TheB．an；TheC．an；AD．the；TheTom,here’s_________appleforyou.Thankyou,Mom.”A.aB.anC.theD.／Lindaalwaystakes_______activepartinsportsafterschool. A./B.aC.anD.theErichas_____edogandhisnamesisHobo. A.aB.anC.theD./Iusuallygotoschoolby_____bus,butItook______taxitoschoolyesterday. A.the,a B./,a C.a,/ D.a,theThereis_______‘h’inthewordhour,and______‘h’isnotpronouncedinthisword. A.a,the B.the,the C.an,the D./,/Myfatherusuallyreadsmorningpapersbeforegoingto_______work. A.the B.a C.an D./Theoldladyteacheschildrentoplay_______pianoataweekendschool. A.a B.an C.the D./Excuseme.WhereisMr.Green’soffice?It’son_______floor. A.seven B.theseven C.theseventh D.seventh二、用适当的冠词填空：1.Ihad__________lunchwith__________friendofmine.2.__________moonishighin__________sky.3.__________childrenareveryhappyon__________Children’sDay.4.There’s__________orangesweateron__________bed.__________sweaterisnice.5.OldJohnwentto__________townby__________buseverySaturday.6.Peterlikesplaying__________footballwhilehissisterlikesplaying__________piano7.Makeyourselfat__________home.8.Hergrandmotherhasbeenin__________hospitalfortwoweeks.9.WhereisMum?She’staking__________walkin__________garden.10.Mynextdoorneighborhas__________dogand__________cat._____dogiswhiteand________catisbrown.根据要求改变句子：1.Isometimesplayballgameswithmyclassmates.(划线提问)_______doyousometimes_________withyourclassmates?2.Samseessomerestaurantsonhiswaytoschool.(改为一般疑问句)_______Samsee_______restaurantsonhiswaytoschool?3.Therearefivepeopleinmyfamily.(改成一般疑问句)______________fivepeopleinyourfamily?Iamgoodatplayingthepiano.(划线部分提问)________________yougoodatdoing?Everymorning,myfathergoestoworkbycar.(划线部分提问)________________yourfathergotoworkeverymorning?works,very,hospital,she,in,big,a(连词成句)_________________________________________________________阅读短文，根据句意和首字母提示填入适当的单词，要求每线一词，内容通顺：DearSally,Thisismyf 1 dayinBeijing.Iarriveda 210o'clockthismorning,andIdon'twanttogooutthisa3 ,becauseIwanttohavearest.Andtomorrow,myfriendsandIaregoingtovisittheG4Wall.Itmustbeverytiring.I'lls5inBeijingf6 twoweeks.I'llvisitallmyrelatives.WhenIc7 back,I'llshowyoutheirphotos.Seeyouthen!Yours,Lucy1.f 2.a 3.a 4.G __________5.s_________6.f 7.c Whatdidyoulearntoday？Couldyoutellmesomethingaboutourlessons？PleaseletmeknowyouropinionsaboutitandIwilldomybesttoperfectit.Thanks!Ⅰ.Fillintheblankswith"a,an".(用a,an或the，不需要的地方用/表示) oldcoat umbrella strongtiger hour deerⅡ. Fillintheblankswith"a,an,the".(用a,an或the，不需要的用/表示)Ihave dressispink.Thereis uniformonthechair.Sueis Americangirl.She'sfrom Thereis pencilin myhand.IsJudyplaying violin? Wangsarevisiting GreatWall.Thisis milk.That's milkbottle.Weliveon ninthfloor. SaturdayIoftengotothesupermarketwithmyparents. Thisis strawberryjam. jamissweet. onlychildhasnobrothersorsisters. Wecansee roundmooninthesky.阅读练习:根据短文内容，选择正确的答案，将字母代号写在括号内Nowboysandgirls,I’vesomethingtotellyou.TomorrowisFriday.It’souropenday.Yourfatherandmothercanetovisitourschool.Theywillgettoourschoolataquartertonine.Theywillgototheclassroomfirst.Theywillsitintheclassroomtowatchthelessonsforfortyminutes.Thentheywillgototheplayground.TheboysofGradeFivearegoingtohaveabasketballmatchfortheparents.Ataquarterpasteleven,theparentsaregoingtohaveameetinginthelibrary.Inthelibrarytheycanhaveteaandbiscuits.Theteacherswilltalkwiththem.Ofcoursetheycanalsoaskquestionsabouttheirchildrenoraboutourschool.Wewillhavehalfadayforyourparents.1.Todayis________.A.Friday B.Saturday C.Thursday2.Theparentswillarrive(到达)atschoolat________.A.9:15 B.8:45 C:8:153.Thebasketballmatchisbetween________.A.theteachersandpupils B.theschoolboys