2025届高考英语一轮语法复习专题01名词专练一含解析VIP

PAGEPAGE12024高考英语一轮复习语法考点名词专练（一）一、基础达标测试（本题共30小题，每题1分，共30分）1.Wewouldmuchappreciate________(guide)fromanexpertinthisfield.【答案】guidance【解析】考查名词。句意：我们特别感谢该领域专家的指导。依据句意可知，空处需用名词作appreciate的宾语；guide的名词形式是guidance。故填guidance.2.Theyoften

give______(perform)

in

pubs

at

weekends.【答案】​performances【解析】​考查名词复数。句意：他们常常在周末去酒吧表演。performance，名词，表演。give是及物动词，后面加名词或者代词。依据They

often可知，用复数，故填performances.3.Tomwasdoinghishomeworkandtheboyswhowereplayingoutsidehishouseadded_______(anxious)tohim.【答案】anxiety【解析】考查名词。句意：汤姆正在做家庭作业，在他家外面玩的孩子们给他增加了焦虑。anxiety焦虑；令人焦虑的事，anxiety作“令人焦急、焦虑的事”解，是可数名词，引申可表示为某事焦虑，常译成“渴望，热望，焦虑”，是不行数名词。故填anxiety.

4.Weallhavean________(expect)thathecanpassthedrivingtestnextweek.【答案】expectation【解析】考查名词。句意：我们都期盼着他下周能通过驾照考试。本空要运用名词做宾语，名词expectation“期盼”是可数名词，依据an可知，运用单数形式，故填expectation.5.Wehadno______(hesitate)inhelpingthesuffererswhentheterribleearthquakehitthecountry.【答案】hesitation【解析】考查名词和固定搭配。句意：当可怕的地震攻击这个国家时，我们坚决果断地帮助灾民。havenohesitationindoingsth.坚决果断地做某事，固定搭配。故填hesitation.6.The________(arrive)oftheplanehasbeendelayedduetothefog.【答案】arrival【解析】考查名词。此处用名词作主语，arrival名词，到达。故填arrival.7.Inmanywaysmy___________(disable)hashelpedmegrowstrongerpsychologicallyandbecomemoreindependent.【答案】disability【解析】考查名词。句意：在很多方面，我的残疾帮助我在心理上变得更强大，变得更独立。形容词性物主代词后跟名词形式，disable的名词形式是disability，依据has可知，此处运用其单数形式，故填disability.

8.ComparedtotheadvantagesoftheInternet,thoseofthetelevisionalonewillnotbeenoughtoensureits_____________(survive),andmanypeoplethinkthelatterwillbereplaced.【答案】survival【解析】考查名词。句意：与互联网的优势相比，光靠电视的优势不足以保证其生存，很多人认为后者将被取代。its是形容词性物主代词，修饰名词，survive是动词，其名词是survival，意为：幸存，生存。故填survival.9.You'dbettertakeintoaccountyourown________(strong)andweaknessesbeforechoosingamajor.【答案】strengths【解析】考查名词复数。句意：在选择专业之前，你最好考虑一下你自己的优点和缺点。your是形容词性物主代词，后面要接名词；strength力气，优势，可数名词，依据后面的andweaknesses可知，此处应用相应的名词复数形式。故填strengths.10.Thelittleboywascuriousabouteverythingaroundhim,andhisparentsalwayssatisfiedhis________(curious).【答案】​curiosity【解析】句意：这个小男孩对他四周的一切事物都很新奇，他的父母总是满意他的新奇心。his为形容词性物主代词，后面需接名词，curiosity新奇心，不行数名词。故填curiosity.11.Ilikediscoveringthe________(different)betweendifferentcultures.【答案】difference【解析】考查名词。句意：我喜爱发觉不同文化之间的差异。依据the可知，此处用名词做宾语，difference差异，故填difference.12.Theheadmasterdidn’tseemtobeawarethatthereshouldhavebeensomuch

_____(disagree)aboutthedecision.【答案】disagreement【解析】考查不行数名词。much修饰不行数名词，disagree不同意，反对，动词原形。disagreement不同意，反对，不行数名词。故填disagreement.

13.Sorry,Ican'treadthe______(express)onherface.【答案】​

expression【解析】考查名词。结合句意”对不起，我无法理解她脸上的表情。分析句子结构可知，空处需用名词作宾语；express的名词是expression“表情”，此处表示特指她脸上的表情需用单数。故填expression.14.Reachingthisagreementsoquicklywasagreat________(achieve).【答案】achievement【解析】考查名词。句意：如此快速地达成这项协议是一项了不得的成就。great了不得的，形容词，后需接名词；achieve的名词是achievement，成就，可数名词，由空前不定冠词a可知，空处名词用单数形式。故填achievement.

15.Thevillagershereallrespecthimforhis____________(devote)tothehealthcare.【答案】devotion【解析】考查名词的单复数。句意：这里的村民都敬重他对医疗保健的献身精神。devotion译为奉献，忠诚，是不行数名词；his后应接名词形式，故填devotion.16.Theywerenotintheleastworriedaboutthe______(possible)thatsweetscouldrottheteeth.【答案】possibility【解析】考查名词。句意：他们一点也不担忧糖果有可能会腐蚀牙齿。由空前的the可知，设空处应用提示词的名词形式，作wereworriedabout的宾语。possibility“可能性，可能发生的事物”，故填possibility.

17.Thegirlkeptworkinghardandgained________(admit)totheworld-famousuniversity.【答案】admission【解析】句意：这个女孩接着努力学习，考上了那所世界闻名的高校。由后文theworld-famousuniversity可知，此处应是“上高校”，admissionto允许进入，固定短语。结合句意，故填admission.

18.Anyhowtheydidn’ttrustme,sotheydidn’tdeservea(an)______________(explain).【答案】explanation【解析】考查名词的单复数。句意：不管怎样他们都不信任我，所以他们不值得说明。a(an)后加名词单数形式，故填explanation.19.Iexplainedthateachpersonhasdifferentideasofwhat___________(free)is.【答案】​freedom【解析】句意：我说明说，每个人对自由有不同的理解。free形容词，自由的，其名词形式是freedom（自由）。结合句意可知，本空应当是名词形式。故填freedom.20.Thevillagewherehewasbornhaschangedbeyond(介词/超出)__________(recognize).【答案】recognition【解析】考查不行数名词。beyond是介词，后接名词作宾语，recognize认出，是动词，其名词形式是recognition，beyondrecognition无法分辨，故填recognition.21.Therehasbeenno__________(respond)tohisremarksfromthegovernment.【答案】response【解析】句意：政府没有对他的言论作出回应。havenoresponseto...对……没有回应，固定短语，故填response.22.Variationsofthisprogrammecanbearrangedtosuityour

(require).【答案】requirements【解析】考查名词。句意：这个节目的改变可以依据你的要求支配。requirement“要求，须要”，可数名词；由空前的your可知，设空处应用提示词的名词形式。此处应用其复数形式表示一类事物。故填requirements.23.Differentpersonshavedifferent_________(believe).【答案】beliefs【解析】考查可数名词的复数形式。different后跟名词，believe的名词是belief，意为“信仰，信念”，由different可知，belief应当用复数，即beliefs。故填beliefs.24.Myparentsareinahuge________(argue),andIamreallyupsetaboutit.【答案】argument【解析】考查名词单数。形容词修饰名词，依据前面的不定冠词a可知，此处用名词单数，argument争辩。故填argument.

25.Wehaveourfurnituremovedtothenewhousewhenthe________(decorate)ofthehouseisfinished.【答案】decoration【解析】考查名词。句意：房子装修完毕后，我们把家具搬到新居子里去了。定冠词the后要运用其名词形式，decoration装饰，装修，不行数名词。结合句意，故填decoration.

26.Notonlyfoodandclothingbutalsomedical____________(treat)hasbeenprovidedforthepeoplewhoneeditinthefloodedareas.【答案】treatment【解析】考查名词。句意：不仅为受灾地区的人们供应了食物和衣服，而且还为他们供应了医疗服务。结合句意和空格前的形容词medical可知，此处应是treat的名词形式treatment，故填treatment.27.Iregard________(creative)bothasagiftandasaskill.【答案】creativity【解析】句意：我认为创建力既是一种天赋，也是一种技能。regardsth.as...把某事物看作……，regard后接名词，creativity创建性，为不行数名词，故填creativity.28.Helostthe________(elect)byonevote.【答案】election【解析】句意：他因一票之差落选了。分析句子可知，空格处做lost的宾语，且前面有定冠词，所以，要用名词。elect的名词election“选举”。故填election.29.Nowadays,concertsheldinsportsstadiumarecommon,anditseemsthateveryfew__________(year)thereisanewboybandtryingtobringbackthemagicoftheBeatles.【答案】years【解析】考查名词单复数。句意：如今，在体育场实行音乐会是很常见的，好像每隔几年就会有一个新的男孩乐队试图重现披头士的魔力。year年，名词；everyfew修饰可数名词复数，故填years。30.Visitorswerestruckbythenaturalsceneryhere,whichwasbeautifulbeyond______.(describe)【答案】description【解析】考查名词及固定短语。句意：游客们被这里的自然风光所吸引，那是无法形容的漂亮。beyond

description是固定短语，意为”无法形容“，故填description.二、真题实战演练（本题共10小题，每题1.5分，共15分）1.（2024全国卷III）Whentheywerefreefromwork，theyinvitedustolocaleventsandletusknowofaninteresting_______________(compete)towatch，togetherwiththestorybehindit.【答案】competition【解析】考查词性转换。句意：当他们下班后，他们邀请我们参与当地的活动，他们告知我们一个好玩的竞赛可以观看，以及背后的故事。由空格前的interesting形容词，修饰名词。故填competition.2.（2024高考全国卷I）Amerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall

(cause).【答案】causes【解析】考查可数名词复数的改变。句意：每天跑步只需5到10分钟，就能降低患心脏病的风险和因各种缘由导致的的早期死亡。cause是一个可数名词，表示“缘由”，由空格前的all可知，此处应当用复数形式，故填causes.3.(2024·高考浙江卷)MakingChinese(dish)isseenasespeciallytroublesome.【答案】dishes【解析】考查词性转换。依据修饰词Chinese可知用可数名词的复数dishes，表示"中国菜"。4.(2024·高考全国III卷)I’ma(science)whostudiesanimalssuchasapesandmonkeys.【答案】scientist【解析】考查词性转换。句意:我是探讨猿和猴子等动物的科学家。设空处作表语,说明主语的身份;依据提示词science可知填scientist.5.(2024·高考北京卷)Thisswitchhasdecreased(pollute)inthecountry’smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.【答案】pollution【解析】考查词性的改变。句意：这种改变已经削减了中国主要湖泊和水库的污染,使人们的饮用水变得更平安了。空格处作decreased的宾语,故运用pollute的名词形式，故填pollution.6.(2024·高考全国卷I)Thistrend,whichwasstartedbythemedicalcommunity(医学界)as

amethodoffightingheartdisease,hashadsomeunintendedside

(effect)suchasoverweightandheartdisease—theverythingthemedicalcommunitywastryingtofight.【答案】effects【解析】考查名词复数。这种趋势有些非支配的副作用,如超重和心脏病。sideeffect表示“副作用”,为可数名词,依据suchasoverweightandheartdisease可知,副作用有多种,故填复数形式effects.7.(2024·高考全国II卷)Itranforjustundersevenkilometersandallowedpeopletoavoidterrible

(crowd)ontheroadsaboveastheytravelledtoandfromwork.【答案】crowds【解析】考查名词。avoid“避开”后可跟名词或动名词作宾语。因为此空前有形容词terrible修饰,故解除动名词形式;crowd作“人群”解时,为可数名词,故需用复数形式crowds.(2024·高考全国卷Ⅰ)Chengduhasdozensofnewmillionaires，Asia'sbiggestbuilding，andfancynewhotels.Butfortouristslikeme，pandasareitstop(attract)．【答案】attraction【解析】考查词性转换。句意：但是，像我这样的游客，熊猫是头等的有吸引力的事物。该空作are的表语，用名词，所以填attraction.9.(2024·高考全国卷Ⅱ)Then，handlethemostimportanttasksfirstsoyou'llfeelarealsenseof(achieve)．【答案】achievement【解析】考查名词。此处的“a

real

sense

of”意为：一种真正的…；通常用作定语来修饰名词；而此处achieve的名词形式。故填achievement.(2024·高考全国卷Ⅲ)SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius，wholivedfromroughly551to479B．C.，influencedthe(develop)ofchopsticks.【答案】development【解析】考查词性的改变。the＋名词＋of，意为“……的……”，这里指“筷子的发展”，故填development.三、名词专项综合训练（本题共10小题，每题1.5分，共15分）Everyonedesirestosucceed.However,thereisnoshortcutto_______1____(succeed).Wehavetomakegood______2_____(prepare)andkeepontryingbeforewefinallyachieveour____3______(goal).TakeSteveJobsasanexample.Hedroppedoutofuniversityinhis_____4_____(twenty)，buthealwaysattendedmany_____5___(class)andgrabbedeverychancetostudy.Whenhedesignedthe_____6_______(product)ofiPodandiPhone，hemadegreat_______7____(effort)torealizehisideas.Hesufferedone_____8___(fa