高三英语一轮复习宾语从句课件

宾语从句宾语从句objectclause一、定义二、连接词三、时态四、语序五、it作形式宾语01定义

一

什么是宾语？

一

什么是宾语？Ilikemyteacher.Ienjoyplayingbasketball.Idecidetostudyhard.Itakecareofhim.宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者，由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任。及物动词和介词一定要带宾语。

二

什么是宾语从句？Weallexpect

thattheywillwin.Wearetalkingabout

whetherweshouldreturnthemoney.IamafraidthatIcan’tsolvetheproblembymyself.陈述语序动宾形宾介宾02连接词1.从属连词that/if/whether2.连接代词

who,whom,whose,

what，which等3.连接副词where,why,when,how一.由that引导的宾从Shesaid

(that)shewasfromGermany.Mymothertoldme(that)Ishouldgotobedearly.that不做成分，无意义，可省略注意：Shesaid(that)

shecouldn’ttellmeandthat

Icouldn’tunderstand.Hesaid(that)hewasgoodatEnglishandthathewouldgoabroadforfurtherstudy.宾语从句并列时,只省略第一个thathewantstogoswimmingif/whetherIask二.由whether和if引导的宾从：

我问他是否想去游泳。whether/if不做成分，意为"是否"hewantstogoswimmingif,whether在宾语从句中的区别宾语从句中if和whether都是“是否”的意思，但在以下情况下，只能用whether1).介词后用whether，如：Theyaretalkingaboutwhethershewillcometonight.他们正在讨论今晚她会不会来。2).whetherornot连用，如：Theydon'tknowwhetherornotshewillcome.他们不知道她会不会来。Theydon'tknowwhether/ifshewillcomeornot.3)宾从位于句首表强调，用whether如：Whetherthisistrueornot,Ican'tsay.

这是否是真的，我真说不上来。4).不定式前用whether，如：Ican’tdecidewhethertostay.我不能决定是否留下。

5).当discuss等词后接宾从时用whether如：Wediscussedwhetherweshouldbuyagiftforhim.我们讨论了是否应该给他买礼物。6).避免歧异时，我们常用whether而不用if，如：Pleaseletmeknowifyoulikethebook.(×)Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryoulikethebook.(√)注：if只有在宾从中才作“是否”理解，在常见的条件状语从句中翻译为“如果”.IfIpasstheexam,Iwillgetapresentfrommymom.如果通过考试，我将从妈妈那里得到个礼物。不借首饰，不讨论，免歧义选用whether或if完成句子。1.Idon’tknow

heisfreeornot.2.Maryhasn'tdecided________ornotsheshouldagreewithhim.3.We’reworriedabout

heissafe.4.Idon’tknow

togo.5.Theyarediscussing________theyshouldputoffthemeeting.whether/ifwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether三.由特殊疑问词引导的宾从：

我不知道你喜欢做什么。 疑问语序变成陈述语序Idon'tknow

Whatdoyouliketodo?Idon'tknow

whatyouliketodo.what做宾语，意为"什么"连接词意义功能从属连词that无意义不充当成分whether/if是否不充当成分连接代词who(ever)（无论）谁主语、宾语、表语whom谁宾语whose谁的定语what（ever）（无论）什么，所...的主语、宾语、表语、定语which（ever）（无论）哪一个主语、宾语、定语连接副词when何时时间状语where哪里地点状语why为什么原因状语how如何/怎么方式状语(1)Heasked_____couldanswerthisquestion.(2)Doyouknow_______youarewaitingfor?(3)Wewantedtoknow________writingwasthebestinourclass.(4)Hewantedtoknow______hadhappenedtothem.(5)Idon’tknow_______schoolheisin.用恰当的连接词填空whowhomwhosewhatwhich

注意判断各连接词的含义(6)Iwantedtoknow_______hewaslate.(7)Canyoutellme______thenearesthospitalis?(8)Doyouknow_____hewillleaveforHongKong?(9)Wouldyoupleasetellme_____wecanfinish

theworkontime?

whywherewhenhow连接词意义功能从属连词that无意义不充当成分whether/if是否不充当成分连接代词who(ever)谁主语、宾语、表语whom谁宾语whose谁的定语what（ever）（无论）什么，所...的主语、宾语、表语、定语which（ever）（无论）哪一个主语、宾语、定语连接副词when何时时间状语where哪里地点状语why为什么原因状语how如何/怎么方式状语填空练习：1)Willyoutellme_______Icankeephealthy?2)Hetoldme_______hisfatherhaddiedand_______hehadtomakealivingalone.3)Idon’tknow_________therewillbeabusornot.4)Hismotherissatisfiedwith______hehasdone.5)Iwanttoknow_______sheislookingafter.6)Wethinkitnecessary_____wetakeplentyofhotwatereveryday.howthatthatwhetherwhatwhothat03时态Ihear(that)Jim

(be)aworkertwoyearsago..Jim(cook)dinnertomorrow.Jim(sing)apopularsongnow.Jim(play)basketballwhenhisfathercameback.waswillcookissingingwasplaying1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。（主现从任）一般过去式一般将来时正在进行时过去进行时2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态。（主过从过）1)Hewill

gotoHongKong.2)He

is

sick.3)He

isreading

abook.1)He__________toHongKong.2)He______sick.3)He____________abook.He

said辨一辨waswasreadingwouldgo3.当宾语从句指客观真理，用一般现在时态。（特殊性原则）ATTENTIONHe

told

me(that)SummerafterSpring.isI

wastold

(that)thesunmuchbiggerthanthemoon.

isnonewsgoodnews.Myparents

toldme(that)is1Couldyoutellmewheredotheylive?2SheknewthatDannyisastudent.3Hetoldmethatwinterwascolderthanautumn.4Doyouknowwhocaritis?

找错误wasiswhose04语序句子的两种语序:1.陈述句结构叫陈述语序:主+谓

（即：正序）

2疑问句结构叫疑问语序：谓+主（即：倒序）

宾语从句必须用________陈述语序Hegoesgotoschoolbybus.Doeshegotoschoolbybus?

练习：将下列句子改成陈述句语序：

1.Isthereabanknearhere?

2.IsitonFifthAvenue?

3.Aretheydoinghomework?

Thereisabanknearhere.ItisonFifthAvenue.

Theyaredoinghomework.

练习：选择正确选项

1.

–Canyoutellme_________toLondon?–Sure.Nextmonth.A．

whenyouwilltravelB．

whenwillyoutravelC．

whenyoutravelledD．

whendidyoutravel2.—Whatdidtheteachersaytoyoujustnow?—Sheasked______.A．

wheredidIlearnJapaneseB．

whereIlearnedJapaneseC．

wheredoIlearnJapaneseD．

whereIlearnJapanese05It作形式宾语宾语补足语:在英语中有些及物动词，接了宾语意义仍不完整，还需要有一个其他的句子成分，来补充说明宾语的意义、状态等，称为宾语补足语，简称宾补。HesawLilydancingintheroom.他看见丽丽在房间跳舞。Hefoundhisroominacompletemess.他发现他的房间一团糟。Wemadehimourmonitor.我们使他做班长。我们认为我们每天锻炼身体很重要。Wethinkitimportantthatwedoexerciseeveryday.1）有些动词后的宾语从句，常放在宾语补足语之后，且用it作形式宾语。Ifeelitcomfortablethatwelivewitharobot.Iconsideritusefulthatwereadaloudinthemorning.Hefindsitdifficultthathecanfinishtheworkontime.think，believe，make，find，consider，feelS++it+adj./n.+that从句+todosthWethinkitimportanttodoexerciseeveryday.Wethinkituselessdoingexerciseeveryday.IthinkitnogoodspendingtoomuchtimewatchingTV.IfounditdifficulttolearnEnglishwell.+nouse/nogood/useless+doingsththink，believe，make，find，consider，feelS++it2）有些表示喜好，憎恶的动词，如appreciate,enjoy,dislike,hate,like,love等，后面不能直接接宾语从句，需要加it,再加if/when引导的宾从。I'dappreciate

ifyoucanteachmehowtousethecomputer.Ihate___

whentheroomisnotclean.Idislike_____whenhetalkswithhismouthfull.ititit3)有些动词（短语），如dependon，relyon，seeto，owe(归功于)等后面不能直接接宾语从句，需要加it，再加that引导的宾从。Pleasedependon

thattheywillsupportyou.Pleaseseeto

thatthechildrengotobedby9o’clock.Iowe

toyouthatIhavemadesuchgreatprogressinmyEnglish.itititIwouldappr