北师大版高三英语一轮复习五第1讲定语从句课件

第二部分语法考点突破板块五从句和句式的运用第1讲定语从句题型高考典题命题角度语法填空1．(2023·全国甲卷)TherewasonceatownintheheartofAmerica_____alllifeseemedtoenjoypeacefulco-existencewithitssurroundings．2．(2023·全国乙卷)Butforallitsancientbuildings，Beijingisalsoaplace__________welcomesthefast-paceddevelopmentofmodernlife．3．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecies_____livewithintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea．4．(2022·全国甲卷)Onthe1，100-kilometerjourney，themanCaoShengkang，____losthiseyesightattheageofeightinacaraccident，crossed40citiesandcountiesinthreeprovinces．5．(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)InancientChinalivedanartist_____paintingswerealmostlifelike．6．(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)The80，000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane，forexample，formedthecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseum__________openedin1759．1．考查定语从句中的关系代词；2．考查定语从句中的关系副词。wherethat/whichthatwhowhosewhich/that考点一关系代词引导的定语从句1．关系代词的基本用法关系代词先行词在从句中的作用who人主语、宾语whom人宾语which物主语、宾语that人或物主语、宾语、表语、状语whose人或物定语as人或物主语、宾语、表语Sheisnolongerthegirl(that)shewastenyearsago．她已不再是10年前的她了。Ihatetheway(that)shealwayscriticizesme．我讨厌她一贯批评我的方式。Heisadoctor，aswashiswifebeforeshehadchildren．他是一个医生，他妻子有孩子之前也是。2．that和which的用法区别只用that的情况先行词是all，few，little，much，something，anything，nothing等不定代词时先行词被theonly，thevery，thesame，all等修饰时先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时先行词既有人又有物时只用which的情况引导非限制性定语从句时(逗号隔开时)关系代词指物，且前有介词时ChinaTodayattractsaworldwidereadership，whichshowsthatmoreandmorepeopleallovertheworldwanttolearnaboutChina．《今日中国》有着全球的读者群，这说明全球越来越多的人想要了解中国。3．as和which的区别asas引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句前、中、后，as常译为“正如……，正像……”。从句的谓语动词多为see，know，expect，say，mention，report等whichwhich引导非限制性定语从句修饰前面整个句子时，只能置于主句后，常译为“这一点，这件事”等，which引导的从句与主句之间常含有并列或因果关系“Youcan'tjudgeabookbyitscover，”astheoldsayinggoes．正如老话说的那样：“人不可貌相”。1．Thecitywasattackedbysuchterribleweather_____fewcitizenshadeverexperiencedbefore．2．Thenewcommunitycentre，oneof________purposesistopromoteculturalexchange，willhostvariousinternationalevents．3．Inartists'representationsofbooksandreading，weseemomentsofsharedhumanity__________gobeyondcultureandtime．4．Mumwassurethesamecolorwouldlookgreatonher．Sheputthenewcoloronherhairandsatstillfor30minutes，just__thedirectionssaid．aswhosethat/whichas5．Self-talkisaconstantstreamofthoughtsofaperson，_____isoftenunawareanduncertainofsomeevents，phenomena，people，oreventhepersonhimself．6．Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks，ithadallbeendigested，andall____wasleftwaspurewater．7．EventhoughBritainhasareputationforless-than-impressivecuisine，itisproducingmoretopclasschefs_______recipebooksfrequentlytopthebestsellerlists．8．Arobot'sappearanceaffectsitsabilitytosuccessfullyinteractwithhumans，_______iswhythecompanydecidedtodeveloparoboticnursethatlookslikeahugeteddybear．whothatwhosewhich考点二关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词先行词在从句中的作用when时间名词时间状语where地点名词或抽象名词(situation，point，case，position，stage等)地点状语whythereason原因状语Wewillputoffthepicnicintheparkuntilnextweek，whentheweathermaybebetter．我们将把在公园的野餐推迟到下周，届时天气可能会好些。Studentsshouldinvolvethemselvesincommunityactivitieswheretheycangainexperienceforgrowth．学生们应该参与社团活动，在这些活动中他们可以获得成长的经验。Doyouknowthereasonwhyhedidn'tattendthemeetingyesterday?你知道他昨天没参加会议的原因吗？1．Wehaveenteredintoanage______dreamshavethebestchanceofcomingtrue．2．Wewentthroughaperiod______communicationswereverydifficultintheruralareas．3．Inaculture_____peoplefunctionaccordingtoritual，musicisusedtohelpgovernpeople．4．Oneday，mentallyexhausted，Iwrotedownallthereasons___thisproblemcouldnotbesolved．5．Adirtystream，forexample，oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrocks_____tinycreatureslived．6．Oncethere，Lenouewasassessedandlatertakentoahospital，_____shelearnedthatshehadseriousinjuriesinoneofherknees．whenwhenwherewhywherewhere考点三“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句1．“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用which、whom，且不能省略。Someexpertsthinkreadingisthefundamentalskilluponwhichschooleducationdepends．一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。September30isthedaybywhichyoumustpayyourbill．9月30日之前你必须缴付账单。2．“名词/不定代词/数词/形容词比较级或最高级＋of＋which/whom”引导的定语从句，表示部分与整体的关系。Scientistshaveadvancedmanytheorieswhyhumanbeingscrytears，noneofwhichhasbeenproved．科学家们提出了很多关于人类为什么哭泣时流泪的理论，这些理论尚未得到证实。Manyyoungpeople，mostofwhomwerewell-educated，headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams．很多年轻人都去了偏远地区追求自己的梦想，他们中的大部分人都受过良好的教育。3．在非限制性定语从句中，whose修饰物时，可以换为“the＋名词＋ofwhich”。Thenewly-builtcafé，thewallsofwhich(＝whosewalls)arepaintedlightgreen，isreallyapeacefulplaceforus，especiallyafterhardwork．这家新建成的墙被刷成了浅绿色的咖啡馆，对我们来说真是一个安静的地方，特别是在辛苦工作后。1．Inourfactorythereare2，000workers，twothirdsof_______arewomen．2．Thehouse，theroofof_______wasdestroyedintheterriblefire，hasbeenrepaired．3．Hewrotemanychildren'sbooks，nearlyhalfof_____werepublishedinthe1990s．4．Th