单词短语辨析课件高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

单词短语辨析2024-11-3高三英语一轮复习214天常用词用法辨析ache.painA.pain:n,“痛”“疼痛”:有时指突然地疼，有时指精神上痛苦。Ihaveapain(或ache)inmyhead.Thepatientcriedwithpain.Heislivinginpain.B.ache:n.“疼”、“酸疼”或持续地疼。Whereistheache?Thedullacheinhisjointbecameasharpstabbingpain.他关节的隐痛变成激烈的刺痛。△ache可用作不及物动词“疼”、“渴望”。Myheadachesterribly.affair,matter,businessA.affair:n.“事务”、“东西”、“事情”。复数也指“事态”。Theelectroniccomputerisacomplicatedaffair.电子计算机是个复杂的东西。Thegovernmentreformeditsfinancialaffairs.政府改革了财政。B.Matter:n.“事情”、“问题”,常指需要考虑的事件,不强调行动Itisthematterindispute.这就是争执中的问题。Itisnolaughingmatter,这可不是好笑的事情,Iwillsceintothematter,我决定调查此事。C.Business;n.“业务”、“商业”、“职责”、“事情”，常强调任务、职务。Heisawayonbusiness,他因公外出了。Heisengagedinbusiness,他从事商业，Shestickstoherbusiness.她坚守职责。

ago,beforeA.ago:adv.“以前”、“前”指从说话时刻起,若干时间之前。动词用过去时。Thathappenedcenturiesago.Wemethimtendaysago.B.before:adv.在以前,指从过去某时起,若干时间以前。动词常用完成时;如果是泛指,则用过去时。Shesaidshehadfinishedreadingthenovelfivedaysbe-fore.Ihaveneverseenhimbefore.(以前,我从未见过他。)△before也可以用作介词或连词。Wevisitedthatplacebeforeyourcoming.(介词)Wehadvisitedthatplacebeforeyoucame.(连词)

agreewith,agreeto,agreethat,beagreedA.agreewith:“同意…的意见”(后接某人),“符合”、“适合”。Icannotagreewithyouonthatpoint.Toomuchmeatdoesnotagreewithme.B.agreeto:“同意”(后接某事),也可用to+动词原形，构成不定式。Heagreedtothisplanimmediately,Heagreedtogetsomeonetohelpus.C.agreethat:“同意”,“一致认为“(后接宾语从句)、We'veagreedthatit'sunjust.FinallyheagreedthatImightgohome.D.beagreed:“商定”,“意见达成一致”。Bothgovernmentswereagreedonthenecessityofin-creasingtrade.两国政府同意有必要扩大贸易。

alone,lonelyA.alone:adj.“独自的”,作表语,不作定语。adv、“独自”、“仅仅”、“单独”。Heisnowalone.他现在独自一人。Shealonecandoit.这只有她才做得了。Theyliveonbreadalone.他们仅仅靠面包生活。Letmealone.别打搅我。B.lonely:adj.孤寂的,寂寞的,荒凉的。用作定语、表语。Ashelivedalone,hefeltlonely,由于他独居,便觉得寂寞。Heisalonelytraveller.Thatisalonelyplace.

theother,another,other,others,theothersA.theother:两个人或两件东西的另一个。Shehastwosons.Oneisnowateacher;theotheradoe-tor.B.another:是两个以上的人或东西的另一个。“别的”pron.radj.Thisglassisbroken.Getmeanother.Thiscapistoobig,pleaseshowmeanother.

C.other:adj.“别的”、“其他的”Wearestudyingpolitics,Chinese,English,mathematicsandothersubjects.D.others:pron.泛指“其他人”或“别的东西”。Dogoodtoothers.要为他人做好事。Somesaythis,otherssaythat.有的说这,有的说那。E.theothers:特指某范围中的其余人或物。Ilikethisbookanddon'tliketheothers.Inthisclass,threepupilsarefifteenyearsold,theothers(therest)fourteen.

answer,replyA.answer:vt.;vi.“回答”(常用词)。后接for为“对.负责”,后接to为“符合”、“适合”。Iansweredhisletterpromptly.我立即回了他的信。Youmustanswerforhissafety.你要对他的安全负责。Thatanswerspreciselytoourneed.那正合我们需要。B.reply:vt.“回答”(正式用语),后接宾语从句或引语。vi.后接tosb.或sth。Herepliedthathewouldnotdothat.“Justamoment!"hereplied.Youwon'thavetoreplytothisletter.Shehasn'trepliedtomeyet.bemadeof,bemadefrom,

bemadeupof,bemadeoutof

A.bemadeof:“是用…做的”,制成物能透露其原料本色。Thisbridgeismadeofstones.B.bemadefrom:“是用…制的”,制成物已改变原料本色和本质。Wineismadefromgrapes.葡萄酒是葡萄酿制的。Bricksaremadefromclay.砖是粘土制成的。C.bemadeupof:“是由…构成或组成的,可指物或指人。Allbodiesaremadeupofatoms.一切物体都是由原子构成的。Thatisamobilemedicalteamwhichismadeupoftendoctors.那是一支由十位医生组成的巡回医疗队。D.bemadeoutof:“是用…制出”,含义和前面A、B两种用法不易分清,常用于指物。Atpresent,manythingsaremadeoutofplastics.目前，许多东西是塑料做的。betiredof,betiredfrom(with)betiredout,tireofA.betiredof:“对…厌烦或厌倦”Wearetiredofhearingtheoldstory.Iamtiredofhim.B.betiredfrom(=betiredwith):“因…感到疲倦”Iwastiredfromhavingsatupallnight.我因通宵未睡而疲倦。Hewastiredwithrunningabout.他疲于奔波。C.betiredout:“被累坏”、“精疲力竭”Shewastiredoutbyherjourney.这次旅行把她累垮了。Thelongwalktiredoutthechild.长途跋涉把那孩子累坏了。D.tireofsth=betiredofsthYouwillsoontireofsuchhardwork.这样辛苦的工作，你很快就会厌倦。Inevertireoflisteningtoclassicalmusic.我对于古典音乐百听不厌。beusedto,usedto,wouldA.beusedto(=beaccustomedto):“习惯于”,后接名词或动名词。可用于各种时态,used是形容词。Heisusedtohardwork.Ihavebeenusedtolivinginthecountryside.B.usedto:“过去常常(而现在不了)”,used是动词过去式。“usedto+原形动词”,只用于过去时。Theyusedtogrowvegetables.Heusedtobeverylazy.△usedto:也可以算作情态动词,其疑问式和否定式各有两种:Usedhetobeverylazy?=Didheusetobeverylazy?Heusednottobeverylazy.=Hedidn'tusetobeverylazy.C.would:“往往,后接原形动词,表示习惯性动作，即在某种情况下,“就会…”。Insuchcases,Johnwouldsitforhourswithoutsayingaword.SometimesIwouldcomehomelate.beat,hit,strikeAbeat:vt..vi.“(连续地)打”、“击股”、“(心)跳动”Thebanditsbeathimwithironbars,便徒们用快打Therainwasbeatingonthewindows.Theybeatusinthematch.这次比赛,我们散了。Herheartisbeatingfast.B.hit:vt.,vi."打”“击中”、“想出”(后接on)Hehittherascalonthehead.他朝那坏蛋的头上击了一拳。Theballhithimintheeye.Whohitonthisgoodidea?谁想出这个好主意?C.strike:vt.,vi.“打”、“撞”、“打击”Bellsdon'tringtillyoustrikethem.Theystrucktheenemyintherear,他们从后面打击敌人。Thespeechstruckdeepintothemindsofpeople.那讲话深触人们灵魂。

believe,believein,trust,trustinA.believe:vt.,vi.“信”、“相信”、“信以为真”Ibelievewhathesays.Icannotquitebelievehim.Webelievehim(tobe)honest.Peopleusedtobelievethattheworldwasflat.过去人们总相信地球是个平面。B.believein:“信任”、“信奉”TheybelieveinGod.他们信奉上帝。Doyoubelieveinher?你信任她?Ibelieveinthismethod,我相信这个方法好。Ctrust以"信任”、信托”“相信”(后接to)、“热切希望气后接从句）Heisnotamantobetrusted.他不是一个可靠的人。Hetrusrshiscasetoalawyer,(=Hetrustsalawyerwi