湖北省武汉市部分重点中学2024-2025学年高二上学期期中联考英语试卷(含解析)

湖北省武汉市部分重点中学2024-2025学年高二上学期期中联考英语试卷学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解Wearediverseinsomanyways,thereforeourfinancialrecommendationsshouldalsobetailoredtoourpreferences.Beforeweseekfinancialguidance,howdowegettoknowourmoneypersonalities?ThisisYourBrainOnMoney,withquestionsansweredbyfinancialtherapist,Dr.BradKlontz.Howdoourpersonalitiesdemonstrateinthewaywedealwithmoney?Afterstudyingtensofthousandsofpeople,we’veidentifiedfourpatternsofbeliefsaroundmoneythatpeopleexhibit.Thefirstismoneyavoidance.Nosurprise,ifso,itisgoingtohaveanegativeimpactonyourfinancialoutcomes.Thesecondiswhatwecallmoneyworship.You’reputtingmoneyonapedestal-moremoneyisgoingtomakemehappierandit’sgoingtosolveallmyproblems.Thethirdismoneystatus,wherewecompareself-worthwithournetworth.Thefourthismoneyvigilance.Thisisthemoneypersonalityofthewealthyandtheself-madewealthyandtheultra-wealthy.Howcanthesemoneypersonalitiesimpactourbehavior?Therearesomepeoplewhocanbehot-headed.Andthatcanresultingoodoptions,butcanalsomakethemmakedecisionswithoutfullylookingintoeverything.Ormaybesomeonewho’salittlebitmorerisk-tolerant.Sothey’remoreofasaverortheydon’tinvestrightaway.Therearewaysthosethingsbecomepartofourinternalnarrativeofhowwethinkaboutmoney,andofhowwehandleriskoropportunities.Andifweareawareofthat,wecanmakebetterdecisionsforourselves.Themoreyouknowyourself,thebetteryoucanshapeyourdecisions.Itcouldactuallychangewhateverdecisionyouwanttomakefinanciallyinthefuture.1．Whichmoneypersonalitymostlycontributetowealth?A.Moneyavoidance.B.Moneyvigilance.C.Moneyworship. D.Moneystatus.2．WhatinsightdoesDr.BradKlontzoffer?A.Trynottobefinanciallyadventurous.B.Beingrisk-tolerantininvestmentissafer.C.Moneyawarenesshelpsyoutackleriskorchances.D.Gettingtoknowyourselfbettersthedecisionyoumake.3．Wherecanthepassageprobablybefound?A.Inabookreview. B.Inapsychologymagazine.C.Inanacademicpaper D.Inanentertainmentbrochure.WhenMengJintaowasachild,poweroutagesinhisruralhometownsparkedhiscuriosity:Whycan’twestoreelectricityduringregulartimesanduseitwhenthepowergoesout?Now29,Menghasturnedthischildhoodcuriosityintorealitywithhisadvancediron-basedflowenergystoragesystem.Distinguishedbyitsmassivestoragecapacity,highsafetystandards,andlong-termendurance,thistechnologyrepresentsamajoradvancementinenergystorage.In2013,MengbeganhisstudiesatHefeiUniversityofTechnologyinAnhui,EastChina,majoringinnewenergymaterialsanddevices.Duringhisuniversityyears,hetraveledtoQinghaiandGansuprovincesinNorthwestChinaforresearch,whereheobservedtheinitialsuccessesofwindandsolarpowerprojects.However,helearnedfrompowerstationstaffthatmuchoftheenergygeneratedbywindturbineswasunstableandcouldnotbeeffectivelyused.ItwasduringthisperiodthatMengrecognizedtheurgentneedforadvancedstoragesolutionstostabilizeenergysupplyandreleaseitsteadilytothegrid,therebyincreasingefficiency.Thisrealizationledhimtodeveloptheiron-basedflowenergystoragesystem.“Thissystemfunctionslikealargepowerbankforcities,”heexplained.AccordingtoMeng,whilelithium(锂)batteriesarewell-established,thereisagrowingneedforamoreaffordableandsaferstoragesolution.Hechoseironforitscost-efficiencyandtheabundantavailabilityofironresourcesinChina.Iron-basedflowenergystoragesystemsarealsomoreeconomicalandusewaterasasolution,makingthemfire-resistantandsafer.In2020,whilepursuinghismaster’sdegreeatHuazhongUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Mengachievedasignificantmilestonebysuccessfullytestingthefirstiron-basedflowbatteryinhislab.“Seeingthebatterymodelstartitscharginganddischargingcycleswasamomentofendlesspride,”hesaid,“withChinaannouncingitsdoublecarbongoals,Iwantedtotransformmyresearchintoatangibleproductthatcouldbothbenefitthecountryandmakeadifference.”Throughcontinuousadjustments,accurateresearch,anddeterminedexperimentation,Mengandhisteamcompletedtheirfirstkilowatt-levelenergystoragesystemin2021,suitableforeverydayuse.“Iwanttokeepimprovingthetechnologytomakeenergystoragesaferandmorecost-effective,bothinChinaandworldwide,”hesaid.4．WhatinspiredMengJintaotoseeknewsolutionsforenergystorage?A.Hisobservationsofpowercutsinruralareas.B.Hismajorinnewenergymaterialsanddevices.C.Hisexperienceofworkingwithlithiumbatteries.D.Hiswitnesstothesuccessofrenewablepowerprojects.5．WhatcharacteristicofironledMengJintaotochooseit?A.Itsworkefficiency. B.Itsunlimitedsupply.C.Itseconomicadvantage. D.Itsenvironmentalfriendliness.6．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeMengJintao?A.Cautiousandgenerous. B.Capableanddetermined.C.Intelligentandconsiderate. D.Hard-workingandoutgoing.7．Whatisthemostsuitabletitleforthispassage?A.TheFutureofRenewableEnergy:StrengthsandWeaknesses.B.MengJintao:LeadingFigureinPowerGenerationTechnology.C.FromCuriositytoCreation:MengJintao’sJourneyinEnergyStorage.D.Lithiumvs.Iron:TheOngoingBattleforBetterEnergyStorageSolution.Primordialblackholes(PBHs)aredarkmatterthatmayhavebeenborninthefirstsecondaftertheBigBang.Overthelast13.8billionyearstheywouldhavespreadacrosstheuniverse.Accordingtoanewstudy,thesetiny,ancientblackholescouldrushthroughourSolarSystem.Ateamofscientistshasworkedoutthattheymightspeedthroughourneckofthewoodsasoftenasonceadecade,basedontheestimateddistributionofdarkmatteracrossagivenregionofspace.TheyfoundthataPBH,packingthemassofasmallplanetintoaspacethesizeofasingleatom(原子),shouldstreamthroughtheinnerSolarSystemaboutonceevery10yearsorso.Althoughwewouldn’tbeabletodirectlyseeit,suchavisitorwouldstillmakeitsexistenceknown.IfaPBHcamewithinabout280millionmilesofMars,itwouldresultinadetectablewobble(摇晃)intheredplanet’scourse.Theshiftwouldonlybeabout1meterover10years,butthat’senoughforustopickup,sincewecanmeasurethedistanceofMarsfromEarthtowithinabout10centimeters.Thestudystartedwithafunquestion:whatwouldhappenifaPBHpassedaperson?Leadauthor,scientistTungTranfromMIT,roughlycalculatedthatifonecamewithinameterofyou,you’dbethrownabout6metersawayin1second.Whilethatisratherunlikely,itgottheteamwonderinghowaPBHflyingthroughthesolarsystemwouldaffectplanetsandmoons.“Thenumberswegotwerenotveryclear.Therearemanyotherfactorsinthesolarsystemthatcouldactassomesortofresistancetocausethewobbletodampenout,”saysTung.So,theresearchersthencreatedtheeffectsinlabwhichisthesameasaPBHflybyonMercury,Venus,andMarstoseeiftheirwobbleswouldbeeasiertonotice.Ofthose,Marsgavetheclearestsignal,largelybecauseit’ssuchaheavilymonitoredplanet.Still,moredetailedexperimentsinvolvingmoreobjectswillneedtobeconductedtogetamoreaccurateunderstandingofthosefactors.“Weneedasmuchclarityaswecanoftheexpectedbackgrounds,suchasthetypicalspeedsofspacerocksincontrasttothesePBHs,”saysMITphysicistDavidKaiser.Itisourhopethatinthecomingdecades,advancesinsciencewilloffernewevidence.Withabitmorework,it’spossiblethatastronomerscouldgetlucky,spotawobble,anduncoveroneofthebiggestmysteriesaboutuniverse.8．HowcanscientistsnoticeaPBHspeedingthroughSolarSystem?A.Bymonitoringasingleatomnearby. B.ByobservinganobviousshakeofMars.C.BymeasuringtheMars-Earthdistance. D.Byanalyzingthepresenceofdarkmatter.9．WhatisapassingPBHpossiblycapableof?A.Affectingaplanettorockinitscourse.B.Throwingawayapersoninthedistance.C.Creatingresistancetocanceloutawobble.D.GivingMarsthemostobvioussignalstoshake.10．Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“dampenout”underlinedinparagraph4?A.Bedifficulttomakeout. B.Regularlyoccur.C.Beinterestingtoobserve. D.Narrowlyescape.11．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyaboutintermsoftheresearch?A.Itscurrentlimitations. B.Astronomerswithgoodluck.C.Itspotentialapplications. D.Expectationsforfurtherstudies.Isforgivenessagainstourhumannature?Toanswerourquestion,weneedtoaskafurtherquestion:Whatistheessenceofourhumanity?Forthesakeofsimplicity,peopleconsidertwodistinctlydifferentviewsofhumanity.Thefirstviewinvolvesdominanceandpower.Inanearlypaperonthepsychologyofforgiveness,Droll(1984)madetheinterestingclaimthathumans’essentialnatureismoreaggressivethanforgivingallows.Thosewhoforgiveareagainsttheirbasicnaturemuchtotheirharm.Inhisopinion,forgiversarecompromisingtheirwell-beingastheyoffermercytoothers,whomightthentakeadvantageofthem.Thesecondviewinvolvesthethemeofcooperation,mutualrespect,andevenloveasthebasisofwhoweareashumans.Researchersfindthattofullygrowashumanbeings,weneedbothtoreceivelovefromandofferlovetoothers.Withoutlove,ourconnectionswithawiderangeofindividualsinourlivescanfallapart.Evencommonsensestronglysuggeststhatthewilltopoweroverothersdoesnotmakeforharmoniousinteractions.Forexample,howwellhasslaveryworkedasamodeofsocialharmony?Fromthissecondviewpointofwhoweareashumans,forgivenessplaysakeyroleinthebiologicalandpsychologicalintegrityofbothindividualsandcommunitiesbecauseoneoftheoutcomesofforgiveness,shownthroughscientificstudies,isthedecreasingofhateandtherestorationofharmony.Forgivenesscanbreakthecycleofanger.Atleasttotheextentthepeoplefromwhomyouareestranged(不和的)acceptyourloveandforgivenessandarepreparedtomaketherequiredadjustments.Forgivenesscanhealrelationshipsandreconnectpeople.Asanimportantnote,whenwetakeaclassicalphilosophicalperspective,weseethedistinctionbetweenpotentialityandactuality.Wearenotnecessarilybornwiththecapacitytoforgive,butinsteadwiththepotentialtolearnaboutitandtogrowinourabilitytoforgive.Theactualityofforgiving,inrealsituations,developswithpractice.12．HowdoesDrollthinkofforgiversaccordingtotheearlypaper?A.Theycanbereallypowerful. B.Theydeserveothers’respect.C.Theyareactingoutofkindness D.Theymightgetthemselveshurt.13．WhatdoestheexampleinParagraph3illustrate?A.Tofightistogrow. B.Togiveistoreceive.C.Toforgiveistopunish. D.Todominateistoharm.14．Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardforgiveness?A.Critical. B.Unclear. C.Favorable. D.Objective.15．Whatdoesthelastparagraphsuggestabouthowforgivenessdevelops?A.Forgivenessimproveswithpractice. B.Forgivenesshappenseasilywithtime.C.Forgivenessispracticalandautomatic. D.Forgivenesscomesfromsocialexperiences.二、七选五16．Haveyoueverexperiencedthefollowingsituation:youjustlistenedtoapresentationandonehourlateryoudon’trememberanything?Manyofushadthisfeeling.However,youdon’tneedtoworryaboutyourshortmemory.Thisishowourbrainworks.①_________Howtodothis?Thereisnogoldenruletomakeeveryspeechmemorable.Butthereisplentyofgoodadvicetoachievethebestresults.uYoudon’twanttospeakinfrontoftheaudienceunprepared.Unpreparedpresentationsoftenresultinspeakersforgettingtheirkeypoints,stumblingovertheirwords,andfrequentlyresortingtofillerslike“alright”,“so”,“okay”,and“ehm”.②_________So,onceyourslidesareprepared,doafewdryruns.Theserehearsalswillhelpyourefineyourdelivery.Havinggoodcontenttoshareisnotenough.③_________Let’srecallsomebestsellerfictionbooks.Theyhaveastorywhereallpiecesareinterconnected.Theaudiencefollowsitandstaysengagedtilltheend.Themajorityofthepresentationscanbeturnedintoastorytoo.Structureyourpresentationlikeastory,withclearproblems,solutions,andsmoothtransitions.Clarityonthepresentation’spurposeisessential.Thequestion“Why”isthecoreforallbusinesses.④_________Tellyouraudienceearlywhytheyhavetolistentoyou.Engagethemwiththe“Why,”guidethemthroughyourstory,andconcludebyansweringthequestionsyou’veraised.Publicspeakingisdifficult.Mostimpressivetalksbecomefamousandinspiremanypeople.Buteventhepersonwhosucceededoncecanbarelyrepeatthetriumph.⑤_________Theonlywaytogetbetteristhroughpractice.A.Ithastobeorganizedproperly.B.Aconvincingstoryisalsoimportant.C.Thatshouldnotholdyoubackthough.D.Knowingsomestrategiestomaintainourmemoriesisvital.E.Thesewordsarepresentbecausetheproperonesaremissing.F.Theanswertoitgivesthereasonforthepresentation’sexistence.G.Itbecomesachallengeforthespeakertoleaveanimpressionontheaudience.三、完形填空（15空）Sincemyearlytwenties,Ihavedreamedofbeingapsychotherapist.However,thetrialsoflifekeptmyway1.Ienteredcollegeat51-years-oldandwonapartial2toatopcollege.By55,Igraduatedwithhonorsand3amaster’sprogram.JustasIwasalmostonmywaytofulfillingmydream,athroatcheck-upcontributedtoashocking4:abraintumor(肿瘤).Doctorstoldmethistumor,growingrapidly,satclosetothebrainstem.“Youhad5oneyeartolive.”theysaid.Later,IcalledafamousneurosurgeonandaskedifhewouldlookatmyMRI.Heagreed.I’llnever6thecallIgotafewdayslater.“Icanhelpyou.”Therecoveryfromavery7six-hourbrainsurgerywasterrifying.Ilostthehearinginoneear.Icouldn’twalk8help.Ihada(n)9buzzinginmyheadthatwokemeupmanytimesanight.Toughasitwas,Ibeganmymaster’sstudies.10inbedwithapatchoveroneeyeandalaptoponapillowonmylap.ForthenextthreeyearsIworked11.Asmyhealth12,Icompletedmyinternships,eventuallyworkingfull-timetogainthe13experienceforlicensing.Nowlamapsychotherapistinprivatepractice,focusingonteensandadults.IalsoworkedhardtobecomecertifiedinBehaviorTherapytohelpthosewithself-harm14.Itismybeliefthatnomatterwhatapersonhas15,nomatterhowoldapersonis,theycanstillbecomewhattheymighthavebeen.Itisnevertoolate.17．A.cuttingacross B.droppingoff C.leadingto D.gettingin18．A.scholarship B.prize C.fortune D.property19．A.noticed B.secured C.sponsored D.sought20．A.loss B.prediction C.discovery D.ending21．A.hardly B.appropriately C.hopelessly D.approximately22．A.regret B.assume C.forget D.miss23．A.rare B.risky C.abnormal D.crucial24．A.through B.against C.under D.without25．A.horrible B.mild C.mental D.internal26．A.seating B.lying C.resting D.struggling27．A.tirelessly B.seriously C.carefully D.restlessly28．A.changed B.improved C.repaired D.worsened29．A.diverse B.perfect C.necessary D.extra30．A.conduct B.awareness C.crime D.consequence31．A.desired B.learned C.experienced D.achieved四、短文填空32．Florasis,aChinesebeautybrand,hasopenedanoutletatParisdepartmentstoreSamaritaine,①_________(become)thesingleChinesebeautybrandtooperateaphysicalshopinEurope.AsChinaandFrancecelebratetheir60thanniversaryofdiplomaticrelations,FlorasiscooperateswiththeluxurytravelretailerDFS②_________(launch)itsnewshopinParis.TheHangzhou,Zhejiangprovince-basedcompanysaiditwouldliketocontinueexpandingits③_________(globe)footprint,settingupmorestoresincountriesandregionsincludedintheBeltandRoadInitiative.ElementsofatraditionalChinesegardenareapplied④_________thedesignofFlorasis’cosmeticscounter.Itpromotessomeofitsbest-sellingproducts,aswellas⑤_________seriesofproductsdesignedwiththeMongolianethnicminority’sculturalelementsforitspackaging.XiaTian,aChinesestudentwhostudiesabroad,saidshefelt⑥_________(extreme)proudtoseethelaunchofaChinesecosmeticsbrandshopinParis.ABelgianconsumernamedAmeliesaiditwasthefirsttimethatshetriedoutChinesemakeup,⑦_________uniquedesignsthatfeatureEasternelementsandpatternsimpressedheralot.Inthepastfewyears,therapiddevelopmentofe-commercechannelsandlive-streamingsessionsinChina⑧_________(provide)goodexposureforemergingChina-chicbrands.Also,youngChineseconsumershaveindicatedanincreasingly⑨_________(strong)nationalself-confidenceandhigherspendingpower,andtheywouldliketopursuepersonalizedstyles.Itissuchtrends⑩_________havelargelycontributedtothegrowthofChina-chicbrands.五、书面表达33．假如你是李华，你的外国友人Lucas听闻你的家乡武汉举办了长江文化艺术季开幕式，他对此很感兴趣，请你写一封邮件介绍一下本次活动。内容包括：1.开幕式介绍；2.你的感受。注意：1.写作词数应为80词左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：长江文化艺术季theYangtzeRiverCulturalandArtisticSeasonDearLucas,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua六、读后续写34．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Theskyhadgonedark,andDadwasn’thomeyet.Heworkedalldaygardeningforprivatehouses.InGeorgia,thatmeantendlessworktodo.MomtoldustowaitforDadsothatwecouldeattogether.EvenwhenDaddidn’tgethomeuntilaftereightoreightthirty,Ididn’tmind.Afewyearsago,Dadboughtmeabackboardandhoopandinstalledatallmetalpoleonthesideofthedrivewaysowecouldhaveourownbasketballcourt.Itwasacourtmadeofdirtandpebbles,butstill,itwasafunplace.Iwouldshootbasketsinmysparetime.Still,duringthesummermonths,betweenpart-timejobsdeliveringnewspapers,helpingDadcuttinglawns,wecameprettyclosetospendingasmuchofthedayaswecouldonthecourt.Dadtaughtmeallsortsofshots-hookshots,foulshots,fade-awayjumpers,shotsfromthecomer,triedtosendtheballthrougheachother’slegsandpasseditbehindourbacks.EachtimeIfeltfrustratedanddepressed,Dadwouldinvitemetojoininashotgame.Ididn’tknowwhatitwasaboutholdingaballandsendingitintotheairandwaitingforittodropintothehoop(圈),butitfeltlikemagic-Alltheproblemsoftheworldseemedtofadeaway,andIwasthemagician.Dadoncetoldmehefeltprettymuchthesamewaywhileplayingbasketball.ItwasoneofthethingsDadandIshared-themagicinbasketball.Lately,though,itdidn’tseemlikeDadsawalotofmagicinhisjob.Whenhecamehomeeachnight,itwasearlierthanwhenheusuallyarrivedhome.Icouldperceivesomethingdifferent.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Withthefinancialcrisisspreading,mostofhiscustomerslosttheirjobs.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Ibounce-passedtheballtohim,andDadcaughtitnaturally.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案1．答案：B解析：题干的意思是:哪种金钱个性最能促进财富?根据文章第二段最后一句“Thefourthsmoneyvigilance.Thisisthemoneypersonalityofthewealthyandtheself-madewealthyandtheultra-wealthy.(第四种是金钱警惕。这是富人和白手起家的富人和超级富豪的金钱个性)”，可知金钱警惕最能促进财富。结合选项，A选项的意思是金钱回避:B选项的意思是金钱警惕;C选项的意思是金钱崇拜;D选项的意思是金钱地位。故答案为B。2．答案：D解析：题干的意思是:布拉德·克隆茨博士提供了什么见解?根据文章最后一段“Themoreyouknowyourself,thebetteryoushapeyourdecisions.ltcouldactuallychangewhateverdecisionyouwanttomakefinanciallyinthefuture(你越了解自己，你就越能塑造自己的决定，它实际上可以改变你未来想要做出的任何经济上的决定)”，可知更好地了解自己会做出更好的决定。结合选项，A选项的意思是尽量不要在财务上冒险;B选项的意思是在投资中保持风险规避更安全;C选项的意思是金钱意识帮助你处理风险或机会;D选项的意思是更好地了解自己会做出更好的决定。故答案为D。3．答案：B解析：题干的意思是:这篇文章可能在哪里被找到?本文主要讲述了人们对金钱的看法，以及不同的金钱个性会对人们的行为产生怎样的影响。可知本文最有可能在心理学杂志上被找到。结合选项，A选项的意思是在书评里:B选项的意思是在心理学杂志上，C选项的意思是在学术论文里;D选项的意思是在娱乐手册里。故答案为B。4．答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“WhenMengJintaowasachild,poweroutagesinhisruralhometownsparkedhiscuriosity:Whycan'twestoreelectricityduringregulartimesanduseitwhenthepowergoesout?(当孟锦涛还是个孩子的时候，他的家乡农村停电引发了他的好奇心:为什么我们不能在正常情况下储存电力，以便在停电时使用)”可知，孟锦涛在农村看到的停电现象启发他寻找能源储存的新方法，故选A。5．答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中“Hechoseironforitscost-efficiencyandtheabundantavailabilityofironresourcesinChina.lron-basedflowenergystoragesystemsarealsomoreeconomicalandusewaterasasolution,makingthemfire-resistantandsafer.(他之所以选择铁，是因为它的成本效益和中国丰富的铁资源。铁基液流储能系统也更经济，并使用水作为解决方案，使其防火和更安全)”可知，孟锦涛选择铁是因为它在经济方面有优势，故选C.6．答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“Now29,Menghasturnedthischildhoodcuriosityintorealitywithhisadvancediron-basedflowenergystoragesystem.(如今，29岁的孟将儿时的好奇心变成了现实，他发明了先进的铁基液流储能系统)”和最后一段“Throughcontinuousadjustments,accurateresearchanddeterminedexperimentation,Mengandhisteamcompletedtheirfirstkilowatt-levelenergystoragesystemin2021,suitableforeverydayuse.“Iwanttokeepimprovingthetechnologytomakeenergystoragesaferandmorecost-effective.bothinChinaandworldwide,”hesaid.(通过不断的调整、精确的研究和坚定的实验，孟和他的团队在2021年完成了他们的第一个千瓦级储能系统，适合日常使用。他说:‘我想继续改进这项技术，使能源储存在中国和世界范围内更安全、更经济。’)”可知，孟锦涛通过不断的调整、精确的研究和坚定的实验发明了先进技术，并想继续改进这项技术，说明他有才能且坚定，故选B。7．答案：C解析：】题干的意思是:这篇文章可能在哪里被找到?本文主要讲述了人们对金钱的看法，以及不同的金钱个性会对人们的行为产生怎样的影响。可知本文最有可能在心理学杂志上被找到。结合选项，A选项的意思是在书评里:B选项的意思是在心理学杂志上，C选项的意思是在学术论文里;D选项的意思是在娱乐手册里。故答案为B。8．答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段细节理解题。根据第二段中“IfaPBHcamewithinabout280millionmilesofMars,itwouldresultinadetectablewobble(摇晃)intheredplanet'scourse.Theshiftwouldonlybeabout1meterover10years,butthat'senoughforustopickup,sincewecanmeasurethedistanceofMarsfromEarthtowithinabout10centimeters.(如果PBH出现在距离火星2.8亿英里的范围内，它将导致火星轨道上可探测到的摇晃。在10年里，这种变化只会大约1米，但这足以让我们捕捉到，因为我们可以测量火星到地球的距离，误差在10厘米左右。)”可知，科学家们是通过测量火星到地球的距离注意到一颗PBH加速穿过太阳系的。故选C项。9．答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“IfaPBHcamewithinabout280millionmilesofMars,itwouldresultinadetectablewobble(摇晃)intheredplanet'scourse.(如果PBH出现在距离火星2.8亿英里的范围内，它将导致火星轨道上可探测到的摇晃。)”可知，，PBH能影响行星在其运行过程中摇摆。故选A项。10．答案：A解析：词句猜测题。根据划线词句前文“Thenumberswegotwerenotveryclear.Therearemanyotherfactorsinthesolarsystemthatcouldactassomesortofresistancetocausethewobbleto(我们得到的数字不是很清楚。太阳系中还有许多其他因素可能作为某种阻力，导致摇晃)”可知，太阳系可能有很多因素作为阻力影响行星和卫星导致其摇晃难以辨认清楚，从而推知划线部分意思是“难以辨认”。故选A项。11．答案：D解析：主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“Itisourhopethatinthecomingdecades,advancesinsciencewilloffernewevidence.Withabitmorework,it'spossiblethatastronomerscouldgetlucky,spotawobble,anduncoveroneofthebiggestmysteriesaboutuniverse.(我们希望，在未来的几十年里，科学的进步将提供新的证据。如果再多做一点工作，天文学家可能会幸运地发现一次摇晃，并揭开宇宙最大的谜团之一。)”可知，就研究而言，最后一段主要是关于对进一步研究的期望。故选D项。12．答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thosewhoforgiveareagainsttheirbasicnaturemuchtotheirharm.(那些原谅的人违背了他们的基本本性，对他们造成了很大的伤害。)”可知，Droll认为宽恕者可能会伤害自己。故选D。13．答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“EvencommonsensestronglysuggeststhatthewilltopoweroverothersdoesnotmakeforharmoniousinteractionsForexample,howwellhasslaveryworkedasamodeofsocialharmony?(即使是常识也强烈表明，支配他人的意愿不利于促成和谐交流。例如，奴隶制作为一种社会和谐模式的效果如何?)”可知，作者举奴隶制的例子是为了说明前面的观点:支配他人的意愿不利于促成和谐交流，由此可推测出，支配会造成伤害。故选D。14．答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“Fromthissecondviewpointofwhoweareashumans,forgivenessplaysakeyroleinthebiologicalandpsychologicalintegrityofbothindividualsandcommunitiesbecauseoneoftheoutcomesofforgiveness,shownthroughscientificstudies,isthedecreasingofhateandtherestorationofharmony,Forgivenesscanbreakthecycleofanger.Atleasttotheextentthepeoplefromwhomyouareestrangedacceptyourloveandforgivenessandarepreparedtomaketherequiredadjustments.Forgivenesscanhealrelationshipsandreconnectpeople.(从作为人类我们是谁的第二种观点来看，宽恕在个人和社区的生物和心理完整性中起着关键作用，因为科学研究表明，宽恕的结果之一是减少仇恨和恢复和谐。宽恕可以打破愤怒的循环。至少在某种程度上，与你疏远的人接受了你的爱和宽恕，并准备做出必要的调整。宽恕可以治愈关系，重新连接人们。)”可知，作者认为宽恕在个人和社区的生物和心理完整性中起着关键作用，有助于减少仇恨并恢复和谐，重新建立关系，由此可推测出，作者对宽恕持支持态度。故选C。15．答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Theactualityofforgiving,inrealsituations,developswithpractice.(在现实情况下，宽恕的现实性是随着实践而发展的。)”可知，作者认为宽恕随着实践而发展。故选A。16．答案：①-⑤GEAFC解析：①由上文“Haveyoueverexperiencedthefollowingsituation:youjustlistenedtoapresentationandonehourlateryoudon'trememberanything?Manyofushadthisfeeling.However,youdon'tneedtoworryaboutyourshortmemory.Thisishowourbrainworks.(你有没有经历过这样的情况:你刚刚听了一个演讲，一个小时后你什么都不记得了?我们很多人都有这种感觉。然而，你不需要担心你的健忘。这就是我们大脑的工作方式。)”可知，上文提到演讲很难让人记住，本空应承接上文，强调给听众留下印象这件事的难度很大。G选项“Itbecomesachallengeforthespeakertoleaveanimpressionontheaudience.(给听众留下印象对演讲者来说是一个挑战。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。②由上文“Youdon'twanttospeakinfrontoftheaudienceunprepared.Unpreparedpresentationsoftenresultinspeakersforgettingtheirkeypoints,stumblingovertheirwords,andfrequentlyresortingtofillerslike“alright”,“so”,“okay”,and“ehm”(你不想在毫无准备的情况下在观众面前演讲。毫无准备的演讲往往会导致演讲者忘记重点，语无伦次，并经常使用诸如“okay”，“so”，“okay”和“ehm”之类的填充词。)”可知，上文提到没有准备的演讲会导致演讲者忘记要点，结巴，频繁使用填充词。本空应该解释为什么会出现这种情况。E选项“Thesewordsarepresentbecausetheproperonesaremissing.(文些词的出现是因为恰当的词缺失了。)”能承接上文，解释了使用填充词的原因，符合题意。故选E。③由上文“Havinggoodcontenttoshareisnotenough.(有好的内容分享是不够的。)”和下文“Let’srecallsomebestsellerfictionbooks.Theyhaveastorywhereallpiecesareinterconnected.Theaudiencefollowsitandstaysengagedtilltheend.Themajorityofthepresentationscanbeturnedintoastorytoo.Structureyourpresentationlikeastory,withclearproblems,solutions,andsmoothtransitions.(让我们回忆一些畅销小说。他们有一个故事，所有的片段都是相互联系的。观众会跟着它走，直到最后。大多数的演讲也可以变成一个故事。像故事一样组织你的演讲，有清晰的问题、解决方案和流畅的过渡。)”可知，上文提到有好的内容分享是不够的。下文阐述了演讲要像故事一样组织，本空应该进一步说明演讲还需要组织，强调组织的重要性。A选项“Ithastobeorganizedproperly.(它必须组织得当。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选A。④由上文“Clarityonthepresentation'spurposeisessential.Thequestion“Why”isthecoreforallbusinesses.(明确演讲的目的是至关重要的。“为什么”是所有事情的核心问题。)”和下文“Tellyouraudienceearly