2024-2025学年上学期深圳高一英语期末培优卷1

第1页（共1页）2024-2025学年上学期深圳高一英语期末培优卷1一．选择题（共20小题）1．（2024春•让胡路区校级期末）Everyoneinourschooliseagertofoodandclothingaswellasmoneytochildreninpoorareaswhocannotaffordtogotoschool.（）A．justify B．draft C．donate D．deceive2．（2012•江苏）﹣CanIhelpyouwithit？﹣Iappreciateyour_______，butIcanmanageitmyself．（）A．advice B．question C．offer D．idea3．（2022秋•天山区校级期中）Thesetwoquestionsarereallyveryconfusing.划线部分为______短语？（）A．名词 B．动词 C．形容词 D．副词4．（2024春•西青区期末）Katecarefullyherwords，choosingtospreadmessagesofhopeandencouragementtothosearoundhim.（）A．spitout B．heldonto C．pushedout D．weighedup5．（2012•安徽）Interestisastolearningastheabilitytounderstand，evenmoreso．（）A．vital B．available C．specific D．similar6．（2024春•龙凤区校级期末）Weeachneedto______bycleaningthedishes，takingoutthegarbageandpayingthebills（）A．putourselvesonthespot B．pullourweight C．letoffstream D．throwlighton7．（2023秋•龙岗区校级期中）Theydecidedtoforgiveandforget，and______totrytorebuildtherelationship.（）A．becoolasacucumber B．dragtheirfeet C．turnoveranewleaf D．notliftafinger8．ThissummerI_____ajobtogainworkexperienceaswellasmoney.（）A．tookup B．tookon C．tookin D．tookout9．（2022秋•闵行区校级期末）Itwasonthehill______theyoungsoldierdiedforthecountry____theysetupamonument.（）A．where/forwhich B．where/that C．so/that D．where/so10．（2015•绵阳模拟）Tom'sfirstbook____agoodfamesinceitcameout．（）A．enjoys B．hasenjoyed C．willenjoy． D．isenjoying11．（2024•安徽开学）—ItothenewmuseumlastSunday.—Good.Iitthreetimes.（）A．havegone；visit B．havegone；visited C．went；wasvisiting D．went；havevisited12．（2023秋•和平区校级月考）________the24SolarTermsonChineselunarcalendar，thefarmersinancientChinaaccomplishedthegreatastronomicalandmeteorologicalachievementwiththeirintelligenceandexperience.（）A．Basing B．Based C．Tobase. D．Havingbeenbased13．（2022秋•天山区校级期中）WhenpeopletalkaboutthecitiesoftheUK，thefirst________comesintomindisLondon.（）A．which B．what C．that D．when14．﹣Isthisraincoatyours？﹣No，mine___therebehindthedoor.（）A．ishanging B．hashung C．hangs D．hung15．（2015•成都模拟）Sointeresting________thatitreachesaverywideaudience．（）A．theTVplaydoes B．doestheTVplay C．theTVplayis D．istheTVplay16．（2024•凉州区开学）—MustIfinishthereporttonight？—No，you.Youcanhanditinthedayaftertomorrow.（）A．mustn't B．shouldn't C．needn't D．can't17．（2015•盐城一模）Weguaranteethatallyourpersonalinformationwillbetreated________andthereshouldbenofearatallofidentitytheft．（）A．initially B．independently C．confidently D．confidentially18．（2022秋•浦东新区校级期末）ItwasfromChang'an，_________isnowXi'an，_________XuanZangsetoutonhisfamoustravelsdescribedinJourneytotheWest.（）A．where...fromwhich B．what...that C．which...where D．theplace...where19．（2013•浙江）Themuseumwillopeninthespringwithanexhibitionandaviewingplatform________visitorscanwatchthebigglasshousesbeingbuilt．（）A．what B．where C．when D．why20．ItissaidthatCharlesisto______.（）A．married B．begettingmarried C．getmarried D．gettingmarried二．完形填空（共1小题）21．（2024•东安区校级开学）InFebruary2020，Max'sfriendRickwasdiagnosedwithcancer.Max（1）Rickduringthelastmonthofhislife，thusbecoming（2）ofthecareprovidedtohisfriendbyNorthDevonHospice."ThehospitaltooksuchgoodcareofhimthatIwantedtodosomethingtoshowmy（3），"saysMax.Max（4）afundraisingmissioninMarch2020.WhenMaxfirstputupatentintheyardofhishouse，hewas10yearsoldandhadjust（5）hisfriendRick."Beforemyfrienddiedofcancer，hegavemeatentandtoldmeto'haveanadventure'，"saysMax.Throughayears﹣longcampaign，hebecameknownas"TheBoyintheTent"and（6）morethan£700，000in2023.Sucha（7）allowedthehospitalto（8）around500patientsintheirownhomes，helpingthemfacethe（9）ofanillnesslikecancer.Whenherecallshis（10）experiences，Maxsaysthathewon't（11）asinglethingaboutthepastthreeyears.It'seasytoimagine，however，thepastyearsweren'tfreeof（12）forMax：fromcollapsedtentstokeepingwarmthroughoutstormsandsnowynights.Maxfacedeverythingwithhispositiveattitudeandgoaldrivenmind."Onetimemytentcollapsedinthewindandrainatabout10：00pmandI（13）toputitupagain，"hesays."Despiteall，Ineverregretit.I（14）lovemyone﹣of﹣a﹣kindadventureandIbelieveRickwouldenjoyitaswellifhewere（15）."（1）A.savedB.curedC.supportedD.missed（2）A.ashamedB.awareC.proudD.tired（3）A.ambitionB.concernC.appreciationD.generosity（4）A.completedB.continuedC.delayedD.started（5）A.lostB.contactedC.treatedD.found（6）A.wastedB.withdrewC.spentD.collected（7）A.varietyB.styleC.sumD.theme（8）A.careforB.turndownC.giveupD.pickout（9）A.arrivalB.impactC.researchD.source（10）A.campingB.sufferingC.nursingD.volunteering（11）A.repeatB.rememberC.changeD.describe（12）A.repairsB.performancesC.challengesD.diseases（13）A.hopedB.promisedC.hesitatedD.managed（14）A.usuallyB.similarlyC.regularlyD.actually（15）A.presentB.optimisticC.strongD.generous三．阅读理解（共4小题）22．（2018秋•扬州期末）Inanattempttomakethegrouptextingexperiencemorebearable，we'veputtogetheralistofstrategiesandthingstoconsiderwhenmessagingmultiplepeopleatthesametime．Thinkaboutwhoyou'retextingWhetheryou'reinagrouptextwithyourparents，schoolmates，orworkfriends，considerwhatyou'resharing﹣andwhoyou'resharingitwith．Parentsmaynotbeinterestedinthelatestmemesandexplainingtheirslightdifferencescanbeapain．Bemindfulofpeople'sschedulesWhilenoteveryone'sschedulesarethesame，mostpeoplearebusyduringtypicalworkweekhours，sosendingamillionmid﹣daytextsisn'talwaysideal．Somepeopleriseearlyorgettobedearly．Avoidincludingthemonatextthatyouknowwillaskforabunchofresponsessuperlateatnightorearlyinthemorning．NamethegroupIfyouhavetheabilitytonamethetextingormessaginggroupyou'reon﹣thisispossibleonaniPhoneorwhenusingFacebookMessenger﹣Istronglyrecommendyoudoso．Thoughnoteveryonewilllovethenameyouchoose，namingyourgroupwillhelpyoukeeptrackofallyourongoingconversations．Don'twritelotsofone﹣wordtextsPlease，ifyoumusttextinthegroupthread，don'tdelivermultipleshortanswersinarow．Everyonewilldespiseyou．Ifyouhavesomethingpressingtoshareorsay，trytosumitupinonebrieftext．Ifyouhavealottosay，maybetrywritinganemail．DamnIseriouslydon'thavetimetobeonmyphonewhenI'matwork，andmyfriendskeeptextingonthegroupchatandI'mataloss．﹣Melzz（@_Melzzxx）November17，2018（1）Thepassageisintendedto．A．offersomesuggestionsonhowtotextappropriatelyinagroupB．explainwhyeveryoneshouldtextappropriatelyinagroupC．trytopersuadethereaderstotextappropriatelyinagroupD．statetheimportanceoftextingappropriatelyinagroup（2）Whichsubtitlebettermatchesthee﹣mailatthebottomofthepassage？A．Thinkaboutwhoyou'retexting．B．Bemindfulofpeople'sschedules．C．Namethegroup．D．Don'twritelotsofone﹣wordtexts．23．（2023春•金凤区校级期末）WhyIHateCatsMynameisOreo，andI'maten﹣year﹣old，black﹣and﹣whitePortugueseWaterDog.I'mwell﹣mannered，polite，andfriendly.Butthereisonethingthatdoessetmeoff：cats.Frankly，Ican'tstandthem.Withtheirmessyhair，beadylittleeyes，andpointyteeth，theyjustsetmycurlycoatonend.I'mparticularlynotfondofthecat—thegray﹣coloredcreatureacrossthestreet.Ifshewouldjuststayinherhouseorevenheryard，itwouldn'tbesobad.But，unlikeme，shegetstogowherevershewants.Nocollar，noleash，andnoboundariesfromwhatIcansee.Likeanyresponsiblepet，Igenerallystaywithinmyowners'enclosedbackyard.AndwhenIdogoout，it'sonaleashheldbyahumanandattachedtoacollar.Ms.GrayPuss，ontheotherhand，wanderscollarlessacrossthestreetanytimeshelikes.Sheevendoesherbusinessanywhereandanytimesheprefers，includingonmyowners'lawn.Ifshewouldjuststayoffmyproperty，I'dbeokaywithhersuperiorairsandstandoffishattitude.Butthat'snothowsherolls.Sometimes，shecomesoverandpollutesmyowners'frontgarden，knowingfullwellthatI'monlyafewyardsawayontheothersideofthefenceandpowerlesstostopher.Sometimes，whenmyownertakesmeforawalk，I'llspotthatanimalandtakearunather.Unfortunately，IalwaysforgetthatI'monaleash.BeforeIknowit，I'mbeingdraggedbackwards.What'sparticularlyawkwardisthatthegrayonedoesn'tevenmove.IguesssheknowsIcan'tgetather，andthat'swhyshedoesn'tevendeigntogetuponallfoursandatleasthissatme.Markmywords：Someday，oneofmyownerswillforgettolockthefrontgate，oneofthefenceboardswillfalloff，ormymaleownerDavewillforgettofullysecuretheleash.Andwhenthatdaycomes，someone'sgoingtosuffer.I'mnotsurewhy，butDavekeepssayinghethinksitwillbeme.（1）Whatdotheunderlinedwords"setmeoff"inParagraph1mean？A．Toseemeoff.B．Tomakemelaugh.C．Tomakemeannoyed.D．Tosetout.（2）Whoisnumberoneonmyhatelist？A．Ms.GrayPuss.B．Dave.C．Oreo.D．PortugueseWaterDog.（3）WhydoIhateMs.GrayPuss？A．Becauseshealwaysshowsoffinfrontofme.B．BecauseIenvyherfreedom.C．Becauseshepollutesmyowner'sfrontgarden.D．Becauseshewalksaroundwithoutaleash.（4）WhatdoesDavemeanbykeepingsayinghethinksitwillbeme？A．It'llbemyfaulttoforgettolockthefrontdoor.B．It'llbecarelessofmetoforgettosecuretheleash.C．ItwillbeIwhowillsufferifanythingmentionedabovehappens.D．ItwillbeIwhowillbreakthefenceboards.24．（2024春•肇庆期末）Accordingtoarecentstudy，individualsborninthe1970sexhibitedbrainvolumes（容量）thatwere6.6%largerandbrainsurfaceareasnearly15%greaterthanthoseofpeopleborninthe1930s."Thedecadesomeoneisbornappearstoimpactbrainsizeandpotentiallylong﹣termbrainhealth，"saidCharlesDeCarli，firstauthorofthestudy."Genetic（遗传）factorsplayamajorroleindeterminingbrainsize，butourfindingsindicateexternalinfluences﹣suchashealth，social，cultural，andeducationalfactors﹣mayalsoplayarole."TheresearchersusedbrainMRIs（磁共振成像）fromparticipants.TheMRIswereconductedbetween1999and2019withparticipantsbornduringthe1930sthroughthe1970s.Thebrainstudyconsistedof3，226participants（53%female，47%male）withanaverageageofabout57atthetimeoftheexamination.TheresearchcomparedtheMRIsofpeopleborninthe1930stothoseborninthe1970s.Itfoundgradualbutconsistentincreasesinseveralbrainstructures.Forexample，ameasurethatlookedatbrainvolumesshowedsteadyincreasesdecadebydecade.Forparticipantsborninthe1930s，theaveragevolumewas1，234milliliters，butforthoseborninthe1970s，thevolumewas1，321milliliters，orabout6.6%greatervolume.Around7millionAmericansarecurrentlylivingwithAlzheimer'sdisease，aseriousdlisease，especiallyaffectingolderpeople.Thatnumberisexpectedtoriseto11.2millionby2040.AlthoughthenumbersarerisingwithAmerica'sagingpopulation，thepercentageofthepopulationaffectedbythediseaseisdecreasing.Apreviousstudyalsofounda20percentreductioninthecasesofdementia（精神错乱）perdecade."Largerbrainstructuresmayreflectimprovedbraindevelopmentandimprovedbrainhealth，"Carlisaid."Alargerbrainstructurerepresentsalargerbrainreserveandmayreducetheate﹣lifeeffectsofage﹣relatedbraindiseaseslikeAlzheimer'sdiseaseandrelateddementia."（1）Whatdidtherecentstudymainlyfind？A.Humanbrainsaregettinglarger.B.Humansbecomeincreasinglyclever.C.Humanbrainvolumeshaveincreased15%onaverage.D.Humansborninthe1970sarehealthierthanthoseinthe1930s.（2）WhatmayCharlesDeCarliagreewith？A.Geneticfactorsimpactlong﹣termbrainhealth.B.Externalfactorsalsoinfluencehumanbrainsize.C.Thebiggerthebrainis，thehealthierapersonis.D.Thedecadesomeoneisbornshowstheexactbrainsize.（3）Howdidtheresearchersgettheirfinalfindings？A.Bydoingfieldtrips.B.Byexploringreasons.C.Bymakingcomparisons.D.Byreferringtosimilarstudies.（4）Whatcantheincreasedbrainsizeprobablyleadto？A.Unpredictablebrainstructurechanges.B.Lessimpactfromage﹣relatedbraindiseases.C.Developmentofnewbrain﹣protectingdrugs.D.Fasterrecoveryforpatientswithbraindiseases.25．（2024•赣州模拟）MayancivilizationwasaCentralAmerican（Mesoamerican）civilizationthatcoveredonethirdofCentralAmerica.Mayancivilizationisfamousforitsfullydevelopedwrittenlanguage，strikingart，hugearchitecture，andadvancedmathematicalandastronomicalknowledge.ThesefeaturescameoutofthePreclassicPeriodbutreachedtheirhighestdevelopmentintheClassicPeriod（250to900AD）.Whenitprospered（繁荣），itwasoneofthemostdenselypopulatedandculturallyactivesocietiesintheworld.Mayancivilizationwasnotonesingleempire，butrathermanyseparatecity﹣stateswhichhadacommonculturalbackground.Strangely，aftertheClassicPeriod，thesecitiesstoppedtobecentersofimportance.Mayanculturecontinuedandstillexiststodaybutinaruralsetting.Onequestionthatinterestsscholarsiswhythesecitiesjustdisappeared.Theywereswallowedupbythetropicaljungles.Travelersandscholarsrediscoveredthemandhavestudiedthemonlyinthelasttwohundredyearsorso.Infact，scholarshavedebatesaboutwhathappened，butsomefactorsseemtobepartoftheexplanationofwhytheydisappeared.Towardtheendtherewaslarge﹣scale，continuouswarfareamongthecity﹣states.Therulerswerehighlycompetitiveandmadefiercewarsononeanother.Anotherfactorconsideredisoverpopulation.ScholarsindicatethattheMayanpopulationreachedupto200peoplepersquarekilometer，amongthehighestinthepre﹣industrialworld.Overpopulationledtooveruseofthetropicalforest，thesourceoftheirfood.Researchfromthepollen（花粉）indicatesthattherewasalmostnotropicalforestleft.Thisledtodamagetotheenvironmentofthearea，furtherresultinginalackofwaterandthendrought.Thuswarfare，overpopulation，overuseofresources，anddestructionoftheenvironmentappeartobeactivefactorsinvolvedinthedisappearanceofMayancities.（1）Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph？A.Topresentadifferentview.B.Toprovidethemaintopic.C.Toleadtothemaintopic.D.Toprovidethetext'sroad﹣map.（2）WhichofthefollowinghaspuzzledMayanscholars？A.ThedisappearanceofMayancities.B.ThecontinuationofMayanculture.C.Thecity﹣states'culturalbackground.D.ThecreationofMayancivilization.（3）Whatwastheconsequenceofoveruseofthetropicalforest？A.Seriousflood.B.Overpopulation.C.Continuouswars.D.Foodshortage.（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage？A.TheFallofMayanCitiesB.TheGoldenAgeofMayanCitiesC.TropicalJunglesandMayanCivilizationD.MayanCivilizationintheClassicPeriod四．信息匹配（共1小题）26．（2024•吉首市模拟）HealingFromNegativeChildhoodExperiencesRelaxedControlItfeelsgreattoknowthatourlivesareincontrol：physically，emotionally，mentally，socially，spiritually，andtemporally.Anoptimisticattitudepushesustotakeconstructiveactionsintheseareasandtoenjoytheresultingsenseofcontrol.（1）Therewillmostcertainlybecircumstancesthatwesimplycan'tcontrol.Whenthishappens，relaxedcontrolsays，"I'llacceptwhatisbeyondmycontroltochangeorfixrightnow."CompassionCompassionissorrowforaperson'ssufferingcoupledwithadesiretorelievethatsuffering.Compassionbringshealing（治愈）kindnesstoeachmomentoflife.Wecanfeelcompassion，ratherthancondemnation（谴责），towardoffenders，whosufferfortheirweakness.Wecanfeelcompassion，ratherthancrueljudgments，towardsourselves，whohaven'tyetlearnedallthatlifehastoteachus.（2）TheLongViewofSufferingFranklintaught，"Thatwhichhurtsinstructs."（3）Itcanhelpustorealize，andtakeprideinknowing，thatwecansurviveverydifficultcircumstances.Hardtimescanleadustohavecompassionforourselvesandempathy（移情）forthosewhoaresimilarlysuffering.Allexperiencecanbeprofitable.Thoughmosttoughsurvivorssaythattheywouldnotchoosethesufferingtheyendured，theyalsowouldnottradethelessonsgainedfromtheirsuffering.SenseofHumorHumoristheabilitytoamuseorbeamused；tobeplayful；tofindthefuninanysituation.（4）Wecannoticetheabsurd（荒谬），theincongruities（不协调）oflifeandpeople.Tolaughatourselveskindlyistothink，"I'mmorethanmyimperfectionsandweaknesses."Laughingalongwithotherssays，"We'reinthistogether；we'renotalone；it'llbeokay."Thehealingattitudesarechosen.Theyhelpushealandliveahappier，moresatisfyinglife.（5）Buttheydon'tfallinourlapwithouteffort.Likeabeautifulplant，theyarepatiently，relentlesslycultivated.Lookingback，theeffortwillseemenormouslyworthwhile.A．Sufferingisnotallbad.B．However，lifeisuneven.C．Mentallystepoutofyournegativeexperience.D．Doingsoprovidesyouwithchoicesastohowtoact.E．Wecanlaughatthefunnythingswealldosometimes.F．Itisliberatingtorealizethattheyarewithineveryone'sreach.G．Compassiontowardselfandotherscanindeedsoftenourbattlesinlife.五．语法填空（共1小题）27．（2023秋•荔湾区校级月考）TheBeijingDaxingInternationalAirportislocated46kilometersdirectlysouthofTian'anmenSquareinBeijing.Itlooks（1）aphoenix（凤凰）andisinthelistofSevenWondersoftheModernWorldbytheGuardian（《卫报》）.From2015to2019，it（2）（take）onlyfouryearsforthisgreatproject（3）（complete），（4）demonstratestheamazing"Chinesespeed".Theairportcoversanareaofabout150squarekilometers，（5）theterminalbuilding（候机楼）alonecovering780，000squaremeters，equivalentto100standardfootballfields.Itisworthmentioningthatthecleverdesigntakespassengers（6）（little）thaneightminutestowalktoanygatefromthecenteroftheterminal.Theairportisalso（7）"intelligentairport"，withthousandsofintelligentdevicesandtensofthousandsofsensors.Theairport（8）（inform）centerisrunwithcutting﹣edgetechnologiesincludingcloudcomputingand5G，（9）（contribute）topassengers'comfortandconvenience.Withthehelpoffacecheck﹣in，self﹣servicecheck﹣in，mobilephonequeryluggagelocation…inBeijingDaxingInternationalAirport，youcanfeelthenewtravelexperience（10）（bring）byhightechnology.MoreChinesemiraclesarehappeninginthisland.六．单词拼写（共10小题）28．（2023春•吕梁期末）mynewspaper，I'mshockedbyphotosshowingthatahurricaneinAsiahasdestroyedatown.（翻阅，浏览）（根据汉语提示完成句子）29．（2024春•信宜市月考）Beforelong，theyoungviolinist（围绕）people，whowereallattractedbythewordsonthatpaper.（根据汉语提示完成句子）30．（2024春•福安市校级月考）（既然那样），wewon'tgooverseasforourfurtherstudy.31．（2022秋•越秀区校级期末）Messi，whoeveryone（对……感到熟悉），isconsideredtobethegreatestplayerofalltimes.32．（2024春•东莞市月考）Whenarobot'sbehaviorconflictstheordersgivenbyhumanbeings，itwillposeathreattohumanexistence.（用适当的词填空）33．（2024春•福安市校级月考）Haveyouever（和..打赌）yourbestfriends？34．（2024春•仓山区校级期末）Theauthorindicatesthat（在一定程度上）theheroandheroinearebothresponsibleforthetragicsituationintheend.（根据汉语提示完成句子）35．otherdaymyfriendsandIwereeatinginthecafeteria.36．Theexercisesaredesignedtosandtoneyourlegmuscles.37．（2024•达拉特旗校级开学）Manypeopleareunawarejusthowmuchfoodanddrinktheyconsumeayear.七．书面表达（共1小题）38．（2024春•北仑区校级期中）上周你参加了学生会组织的"走近自然"主题活动，请为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：（1）活动的过程；（2）收获与感想。注意：（1）写作词数应为80左右；（2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。GettingClosetoNature______

2024-2025学年上学期深圳高一英语期末典型卷1参考答案与试题解析一．选择题（共20小题）1．（2024春•让胡路区校级期末）Everyoneinourschooliseagertofoodandclothingaswellasmoneytochildreninpoorareaswhocannotaffordtogotoschool.（）A．justify B．draft C．donate D．deceive【考点】动词词义辨析．【答案】C【分析】我们学校的每个人都渴望为贫困地区无法上学的孩子捐赠食物、衣服和钱。【解答】A.justify为……辩解；B.draft起草；C.donate捐赠；D.deceive欺骗。此处表示"捐赠"用donate。故选：C。【点评】考查动词词义辨析。弄清楚各个动词的词义，准确地翻译句子及备选答案，然后选择最符合题意的选项。2．（2012•江苏）﹣CanIhelpyouwithit？﹣Iappreciateyour_______，butIcanmanageitmyself．（）A．advice B．question C．offer D．idea【考点】名词词义辨析．【答案】C【分析】﹣﹣我可以帮你吗？﹣﹣我感激你的好意，但我自己能行．【解答】考查名词的词义辨析．advice"建议，忠告"；question"问题，询问"；offer"提议，好意"；idea"主意，想法"．故选：C。【点评】把握具体语境，推敲出最佳答案．3．（2022秋•天山区校级期中）Thesetwoquestionsarereallyveryconfusing.划线部分为______短语？（）A．名词 B．动词 C．形容词 D．副词【考点】形容词短语．【答案】C【分析】这两个问题真的很令人困惑。【解答】句意：这两个问题真的很令人困惑。划线部分reallyveryconfusing中really和very分别是副词"真地"和"很"，用来修饰形容词confusing"令人困惑的"，所以划线部分是形容词性短语在句中作表语。故选：C。【点评】考查短语类型，认真分析划线部分单词的词义和词性是解题的关键。4．（2024春•西青区期末）Katecarefullyherwords，choosingtospreadmessagesofhopeandencouragementtothosearoundhim.（）A．spitout B．heldonto C．pushedout D．weighedup【考点】动词短语．【答案】D【分析】凯特仔细权衡了自己的话，选择向周围的人传递希望和鼓励的信息。【解答】A.spitout吐出；B.heldonto抓住不放；C.pushedout推出；D.weighedup权衡。根据句意"凯特仔细权衡了自己的话，选择向周围的人传递希望和鼓励的信息。"可知这里用weighedup。故选：D。【点评】动词短语就是有些动词可以和一些别的词构成短语（以动词为中心），表达一个概念，其作用和一个单独动词差不多的一种固定搭配。5．（2012•安徽）Interestisastolearningastheabilitytounderstand，evenmoreso．（）A．vital B．available C．specific D．similar【考点】形容词词义辨析．【答案】A【分析】对于学习来说，兴趣就如同理解的能力一样至关重要，甚至更重要．【解答】解析：答案A．vital"至关重要的"；available"可用的，有空的"；specific"具体的，特定的"；similar"相似的"．as…as"和…一样"根据句意，对于学习来说，兴趣和理解能力一样至关重要，甚至更重要．故选：A。【点评】本题考查形容词词义的辨析和学生对句子结构的理解．6．（2024春•龙凤区校级期末）Weeachneedto______bycleaningthedishes，takingoutthegarbageandpayingthebills（）A．putourselvesonthespot B．pullourweight C．letoffstream D．throwlighton【考点】动词短语．【答案】B【分析】我们每个人都需要尽自己的职责，比如洗碗、倒垃圾和付账单。【解答】A.putourselvesonthespot让自己处于尴尬境地；B.pullourweight尽自己的职责；C.letoffstream发泄；D.throwlighton阐明。根据"bycleaningthedishes，takingoutthegarbageandpayingthebills"，我们每个人都需要尽自己的职责，比如洗碗、倒垃圾和付账单。故选：B。【点评】考查动词短语词义辨析。弄清楚各个动词短语的词义，准确地翻译句子及备选答案，然后选择最符合题意的选项。7．（2023秋•龙岗区校级期中）Theydecidedtoforgiveandforget，and______totrytorebuildtherelationship.（）A．becoolasacucumber B．dragtheirfeet C．turnoveranewleaf D．notliftafinger【考点】谚语、习语．【答案】C【分析】他们决定原谅和忘记，并翻开新的一页，试图重建关系。【解答】A.becoolasacucumber泰然自若；B.dragtheirfeet拖拖拉拉；C.turnoveranewleaf重新开始；D.notliftafinger袖手旁观。根据前文"Theydecidedtoforgiveandforget"可知，他们决定原谅和忘记，所以应是重新开始。故选：C。【点评】在理解谚语或习语时，首先需要了解其背后的历史背景和文化背景。例如，一些谚语可能与特定的历史事件、人物或习俗有关，而其他一些则可能是基于常见的观察或经验。理解这些背景信息将有助于你更准确地理解这些短语的含义。8．ThissummerI_____ajobtogainworkexperienceaswellasmoney.（）A．tookup B．tookon C．tookin D．tookout【考点】动词短语．【答案】A【分析】今年夏天，为了获得工作经验和金钱，我找到了一份工作。【解答】A.tookup开始从事；B.tookon承担，雇佣；C.tookin吸收，理解；D.tookout拿出。根据ajob可知这里使用tookup和ajob搭配，意为"开始一份新工作"。故选：A。【点评】动词短语就是有些动词可以和一些别的词构成短语（以动词为中心），表达一个概念，其作用和一个单独动词差不多的一种固定搭配。9．（2022秋•闵行区校级期末）Itwasonthehill______theyoungsoldierdiedforthecountry____theysetupamonument.（）A．where/forwhich B．where/that C．so/that D．where/so【考点】Itbe…that/who强调句型；关系副词where引导限制性定语从句．【答案】B【分析】正是在这位年轻士兵为国家牺牲的山上，他们立了一座纪念碑。【解答】第一个空引导定语从句，先行词为thehill，是表示地点的名词，在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导该从句，第二个空与Itwas一起构成强调句型，强调的部分是onthehill，表示物，所以用第二个空用that。故选：B。【点评】掌握并熟练运用强调句型和定语从句是解答此题的关键。10．（2015•绵阳模拟）Tom'sfirstbook____agoodfamesinceitcameout．（）A．enjoys B．hasenjoyed C．willenjoy． D．isenjoying【考点】现在完成时．【答案】B【分析】句意：汤姆的第一本书自从出版就享有很好的声誉．【解答】答案：B因为"since+过去式"用在现在完成时态中，因此本题应该用现在完成时．其结构是"have/has+过去分词"，故选B项．【点评】考查现在完成时．主要要根据时间状语判断出时态，然后再记住现在完成时的句式结构．11．（2024•安徽开学）—ItothenewmuseumlastSunday.—Good.Iitthreetimes.（）A．havegone；visit B．havegone；visited C．went；wasvisiting D．went；havevisited【考点】一般过去时；现在完成时．【答案】D【分析】﹣﹣我上星期天去了新博物馆。﹣﹣改善情况。我已经去过三次了。【解答】第一空：根据时间状语lastSunday可知，要用一般过去时；第二空：强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的结果或影响，用现在完成时。D项正确。故选：D。【点评】解答此类问题要了解各种时态的基本含义，并区别各种时态之间的差异，了解某些时态的特殊用法，然后结合语境选择正确答案。12．（2023秋•和平区校级月考）________the24SolarTermsonChineselunarcalendar，thefarmersinancientChinaaccomplishedthegreatastronomicalandmeteorologicalachievementwiththeirintelligenceandexperience.（）A．Basing B．Based C．Tobase. D．Havingbeenbased【考点】现在分词的一般式．【答案】A【分析】中国古代农民以中国农历二十四节气为基础，以他们的智慧和经验实现了天文和气象的伟大成就。【解答】分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，base与逻辑主语thefarmers之间为主动关系，所以此处应为现在分词形式basing，位于句首，首字母需大写。故选：A。【点评】非谓语动词中的现在分词主要起形容词和副词的作用，在句中作定语、表语、补语或状语，弄清楚现在分词的构成，时态与语态，然后根据题意及上下文选择最合适的答案。13．（2022秋•天山区校级期中）WhenpeopletalkaboutthecitiesoftheUK，thefirst________comesintomindisLondon.（）A．which B．what C．that D．when【考点】关系代词that引导限制性定语从句．【答案】C【分析】当人们谈论英国的城市时，首先想到的是伦敦。【解答】分析句子结构可知，该空考查定语从句。先行词是thefirst，________comesintomind是定语从句，从句缺主语，要用关系代词that引导，注意但先行词thefirst时，不能用which引导。故选：C。【点评】分析句子结构，了解句意，熟练掌握定语从句及引导词的正确用法，尤其是从句的引导词在从句中的作用，理清指代关系。14．﹣Isthisraincoatyours？﹣No，mine___therebehindthedoor.（）A．ishanging B．hashung C．hangs D．hung【考点】现在进行时．【答案】A【分析】﹣﹣这件外套是你的吗？﹣﹣不是，我的正挂在门后。【解答】由句意可知，此处表示"我的外套正挂在门后"，而且是主动，用现在进行时。故选：A。【点评】考查动词的时态语态。注意表示现在悬挂的状态用现在进行时的主动形式。15．（2015•成都模拟）Sointeresting________thatitreachesaverywideaudience．（）A．theTVplaydoes B．doestheTVplay C．theTVplayis D．istheTVplay【考点】部分倒装．【答案】D【分析】句意：这部电视剧是如此的有趣以至于它赢得了广泛的观众．【解答】答案：D此句是部分倒装句．"So+adj．/adv．"置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装．另外，"So+助动词+主语"置于句首时，也要部分倒装，只是意思是"前一种情况也适合后者"的意思．表示"某人也一样"．而此处interesting是形容词，故选D项．【点评】考查倒装．倒装有部分和全部倒装两种．做此类题目，只要记住哪几种情况部分倒装，哪几种情况全部倒装即可．16．（2024•凉州区开学）—MustIfinishthereporttonight？—No，you.Youcanhanditinthedayaftertomorrow.（）A．mustn't B．shouldn't C．needn't D．can't【考点】need用法．【答案】C【分析】﹣﹣我必须今晚完成报告吗？﹣﹣不，你不必。你可以后天交。【解答】A.mustn't不能，不可；B.shouldn't不应该；C.needn't不必；D.can't不能。根据句意"﹣﹣我必须今晚完成报告吗？﹣﹣不，你不必。你可以后天交。"空处意思应该是"不必"，即：must的一般疑问句的否定回答用needn't。C项正确。故选：C。【点评】情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的情绪，态度或语气的动词，但不能单独作谓语，只能和其他动词原形构成谓语。情态动词虽然数量不多，但用途广泛，了解某些情态动词的特殊用法，然后结合语境选择正确答案。17．（2015•盐城一模）Weguaranteethatallyourpersonalinformationwillbetreated________andthereshouldbenofearatallofidentitytheft．（）A．initially B．independently C．confidently D．confidentially【考点】副词词义辨析．【答案】D【分析】句意：我们保证，你所有的个人信息都会被保密处理，应该无需害怕身份信息被盗窃．【解答】答案D．A项"最初，首先；开头"；B项"独立地；自立地"；C项"自信地；安心地"；D项"秘密地"；根据句中"thereshouldbe