寒假分层作业07 动词不定式（原卷版）-2024年八年级英语寒假培优练

PAGEPAGE1限时练习：40min完成时间：月日天气：作业07动词不定式一、动词不定式基本形式：【精讲】(not)to+动词原形（在某些情况下可以不带to）如：I’mcomingtoseeyou.NowtheChinesegovernmenthasmadelawstopreventallthesethingsinZhalong.二、特点：A.【精讲】没有人称和数的变化。如:Themanranouttoseewhatwaswrong.Let’smakeafiretowarmourselvesup.B.【精讲】可以有自己的宾语、状语和定语等。如:在toseewhatwaswrong中，see的宾语是whatwaswrong；在topreventallthesethingsinZhalong.中，inZhalong.作定语。C.有时态和语态的变化（被动语态的形式为tobe+动词过去分词）。如：Thewindowsneedscleaning.=Thewindowsneedstobecleaned.【精讲】动词不定式作目的状语用法：我们可以用动词不定式表示某一动作或状态的目的，即动词不定式作目的状语。如：Ihadtoworkhardtoearnmoney.我不得不努力工作赚钱。Hestayedathometofinishhishomework.他留在家完成作业。MrsWangwenttoShanghaitoseeherdaughter.(目的)王太太去上海看她女儿。为了使目的意义更加清楚或表示强调意义时，还可以在前面加inorderto。如：Sheisrunningquicklyinordertocatchthetrain.为了赶火车，她正飞快地跑着。由inorderto引导的目的状语，既可以置于句尾，也可以置于句首。如：Theystartedearlyinordertogetthereintime.=Inordertogetthereintime,theystartedearly.为了及时赶到那里，他们很早就出发了。Somepeoplewanttomakethewetlandssmallerinordertohavemorespaceforfarmsandbuildings.=Inordertohavemorespaceforfarmsandbuildings,somepeoplewanttomakethewetlandssmaller.动词不定式作宾语补足语【精讲】1、常跟带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词（动词+宾语+todosth.）有：warn,tell,allow,ask,order,get,invite,wish,want,encourage,advise,like,love,hate,beg…+sb.todosth.等。如：Theteachertoldmetocleantheblackboard.Iwantyoutogivemesomehelp.Heaskedmetowaitforhimyesterday.LiMeiaskedmetoshowherthenewdictionary.【精讲】2、常跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词（动词+宾语+dosth.）有：●使役动词和感官动词:“四看，三让，两听，一感觉，半帮助”等。【精讲】lookat,see,watch,notice//let,make,have//hear,listento//feel//helpsb.（to）dosth.如：1.)Let’sputonoursportsshoesfirst.2.)Shethinksitmakesherlookfat.3.)Myfatheroftenwatchesthefishswimaroundinthetank.4.)CanyouhearhimreadEnglisheverynight?5.)Sheoftenhelpsme(to)dothehousework.她常常帮我做家务。6.)Wehelpedhim(to)fixhisbike.我们帮他修自行车。注意：动词help后面的动词不定式可带to，也可不带to。●区分下列词组:【精讲】seesb.doing/dosth./hearsb.doing/dosth./watchsb.doing/dosth./noticesb.doing/dosth.感官动词see,watch,lookat,notice,hear,listento,feel+do表示动作的完整性。+doing表示动作的进行性。注意：被动语态中不能省去to。●动词不定式作宾语补足语时，宾语补足语与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。如：Lucyaskedhimtoturndownherradio.露西要他关小收音机。宾语是him,宾语补足语是toturndownherradio。逻辑上的主谓关系为：Heturneddownherradio.他把她的收音机音量调小。现在分词和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别。我们常见的动词，如：see，watch，notice，hear，feel，have等，它们接不带to的不定式作宾补，表示已经完成了的或经常性的动作；接现在分词作宾补，表示动作正在进行着。如：Iheardhimsingingintheclassroom.我听到他正在教室里唱歌。(“唱”这个动作正在进行。)Iheardhimsingintheclassroom.我听到他在教室里唱歌了。(“唱”这个动作已结束。)Isawhimgoingupthestairs.我看见他正在上楼。(“上楼”这个动作正在进行。)Isawhimgoupthestairs.我看见他上楼了。(“上楼”这个动作已完成。)易混句式:havesb.dosth.havesb.doingsth.和havesth.done的区别。①havesb.dosth.意为“让某人做某事”，have可以用let，make代替。不定式往往表示一次性的具体动作，且强调动作已经完成或尚未发生。如：Thesoldiershadtheboystandwithhisbacktohisfather.士兵们让这个男孩背对他的父亲站着。②havesb.doingsth.意为“让某人做某事”，have可以用keep代替，现在分词(doing)这个动作往往具有持续进行的含义。如：Thetwomenhadtheirlightsburningallnightlong.那两个人让灯通宵亮着。③havesth.done意为“让某人做某事”，asksb.elsetodosth.过去分词(done)这个动作由他人(即非主语本身)来完成，含有被动意义且强调动作已经完成。如：Thedriverhadhiscarwashedonceaweek.那位司机每周叫人洗一次车。接不定式作宾语补足语的动词口诀：请求与命令asksb.todosth.请求某人做某事tellsb.todosth.命令某人做某事想要邀请期待鼓励与建议wantsb.todosth.想要某人做某事invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事expectsb.todosth.期待某人做某事encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事答应告诫允许提醒和帮助promisesb.todo答应某人做某事warnsb.nottodosth.告诫某人做某事allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事helpsb.(to)dosth.帮助某人做某事一、单项选择1．—Iadviseyou_________somecartoons.Thosefunnystoriesalwaysmakemelaugh.—Thankyou.A．watch B．watching C．towatch2．_________theprojectontime,theyneedtoworktwomorehoursaday.A．Finish B．Tofinish C．Finished D．Finishing3．Theyraisedalotofmoney________himinhistrouble.A．accept B．toaccept C．tosupport D．supporting4．Abridgewasbuiltovertheriver.Itiseasier________theothersideoftheriver.A．reach B．reached C．reaching D．toreach5．Itisalotoffun________tomusic,andit’sagoodhobby.A．listen B．tolisten C．listens D．tolistening6．—IheardTomgotstraightAintheexamthistime.—Yes.Hestayeduplate_______foriteverynight.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves!A．prepared B．prepare C．toprepare D．prepares7．Iexpect________thenextWinterOlympics.Ithinkitmustbewonderful.A．towatch B．watching C．watched D．watch8．Mum,Iwanttoinvitemyfriends________moviestomorrow.A．watch B．towatch C．watching D．arewatching9．PleasetellTom________thetalknextweek.A．notforget B．nottoforget C．don’tforget D．notforgetto10．Lookatthesign“Noswimming”—itwarnsus________inthelake.A．swimming B．nottoswim C．notswimming11．Mr.Smithplans________heremuchlongerbecausehehaslotsofthingstodo.A．staying B．stayed C．tostay D．stay12．Wemustdoeverythingwecan________ourearthcleanerandcleaner.A．Make B．tomaking C．making D．tomake13．Don’tforget________thebooktothelibrarythisafternoon,Simon.A．returning B．toreturn C．return D．returned14．Thepoliceaskedthechildren________crossthestreet________thetrafficlightsturnedgreen.A．notto;until B．didn’t;when C．not;before D．not;after15．Ihope_______anastronautlikeWangYapingandgotothespacestation.A．tobeing B．being C．be D．tobe16．—Whatdoweneed________forthecomingparty？—Breadanddrinks.A．buying B．buy C．tobuy D．tobuying17．—Don’tforget________thebookbackonthedeskwhenyouleave,Tina.

—OK.Iwon’t.A．put B．toputting C．putting D．toput18．—IhavesomedifficultyimprovingmyEnglishpronunciation,Mr.Wu.—________progressyoushouldlistentotherecordingandreadaloudeveryday.A．Make B．Making C．Tomake D．Made19．—Whyareyoulookingsohungry?—Isleptatmygrandma’slastnight.And________theearlybustoschoolthismorning,Ididn’teatbreakfast.A．catch B．catching C．tocatch D．caught20．Nowadays,moreandmorepeopleprefer__________inthecountryside__________thefreshair.A．live;tobreathe B．living;tobreathingC．tolive;tobreathing D．tolive;tobreathe二、用所给单词适当形式填空21．Doyouwant(come)tomybirthdayparty?22．It’sbadmanners(stick)yourchopsticksintotherice.23．I’mglad(meet)youall.24．Tomistooyoung(go)toschoolthisyear.25．Iexpectallofyou(make)aplanforthecomingterm.26．Weaskedthem(notthrow)thingsfromahighplacebecauseitisdangerous.27．Inthecomingwintervacation,Iplan(attend)aDIYcourse.28．(improve)hisEnglish,hegotupveryearlytopracticespeaking.29．It’sbest(nothang)outwithfriendstoolate.30．—Howlongdidittakeyou(draw)suchabeautifulpicture?—Forabouttwohours.31．Annaneeds(sell)theeggstoMr.Cool.32．Canyoutellmesomewaysto(improve)myEnglish?33．Don’tletthem(shout)thatloud,Peter.34．Jackwants(play)inthenextWorldCup(世界杯).Ihopehecanmakeit.35．Iwant(buy)giftsformyparents.36．Thanksgivingisatime(celebrate)theharvestinNovember.37．Hewants(eat)strawberries.38．Whensheheardthegoodnewsthatweweregoingtogobacktoschool,shewastooexcited(say)anywords.39．Let’s(watch)sportsonTV.40．Theladytriedmanytimesandmanagedtoanewkindofbiscuits.(invention)三、语法选择Adifferentculturekeepsmyeyesandmindopen.WhenIstayedinRussiaas41exchangestudent,Ilearnedaboutit.Oneof42differencesisaboutpeople’swayoflife.Oneday,afriend43islocalinvitedmetoawell-knownrestaurantinMoscow.Afterarrivingthere,Ifoundnothingonthetablebutseveralsmallplate.44thedishesweresimple,wedrankalotandwewerehappy.InChina,whenweinvitefriendsorrelatives,wealwaysprovidethem45abigdinner.AnotherRussian46alsosurprisesmegreatly.Asweknow,itisverycoldinwinter.However,whenwintercomes,Russiansenjoyswimming.Theyeventake47kidsoutsidetoswimming.Thewaterisfreezingcold,buttheyallplayhappilyinit!SometimesI48tojointhem,however,Ihavetosayno,becauseitisreallydifficultforme49it!I50alotfromtheexchangevisitsofar,andit’sbeeneducationalinmanyways.Whatfunitistoknowaboutadifferentculture!41．A．a B．an C．the D．/42．A．big B．bigger C．thebiggest D．biggest43．A．where B．what C．whose D．who44．A．So B．But C．Although D．And45．A．with B．for C．to D．at46．A．custom B．customs C．period D．periods47．A．they B．them C．theirs D．their48．A．invited B．aminvited C．wasinviting D．wereinvited49．A．enjoy B．toenjoy C．prefer D．toprefer50．A．learn B．learned C．havelearned D．willlearn四、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Alltheparentswanttheirchildrentobegreatandfamouswhentheygrowup.Someofthemeventhinkitimportanttonametheirchildren51(different).Sotheymayspendalongtime52(pick)specialnamesforthem.MotherEllaKarinandFatherAndiCahyaSaputra,welcometheir53(two)childinNovember.FatherAndiwouldliketogivetheirsonaspecialnamebecausehewantedhimtobedifferent54others.Atfirst,inspiredbytechnology(受科技的启发),he55(plan)tochooseanameamong“Windows,iPhone,MicrosoftandiOS”.Butfinally,thefatherdecidedtonamehisson“Google”.Itreallytookalmosteveryoneinthisfamilyalongtimetogetu