2022年湖北省新高考联考高二上学期期末考试英语试题

2021-2022学年湖北省新高考联考高二上学期期末考试英语试题第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。ABOSTONMARATHONTRAININGPLANWelcometotheBostonMarathonTrainingPlan.DevelopedbytheBostonAthleticsAssociation(B.A.A.),thetrainingplanwillhelpguideyoutosuccess.Itisespeciallysuitableforthe2020BostonMarathoncompetitors,andisnotnecessarilyintendedforotherevents.TheplanstartsonThursday,November22,andendinonThursday,April11,2020.Therearefourlevelsoftrainingplansdesignedtohelpyou,whetheryouarerunningoverfivehoursorgoingforasub-threehourmarathon:•LevelOneisdesignedaroundrunninganaverageoffourdaysperweek.•LevelTwowillhaveyourunanaverageoffivedaysperweek.•LevelThreewillbeanaverageofsixdaysperweek.•LevelFourwillhaveyoutrainingsixtosevendaysperweek.Thestep-by-stepincreaseindailyandweeklyadvantageisdesignedtochallengeyouwhilealsoreducingtheriskoftrainingtoohard.Allfourplansbuildasolidbaseofrunningfitness,andwillhelptrytomaximizeyourracepotential.Aswithanytrainingplan,whatisoutlinedismerelyaguideonhowtobuildandarrangeyourweeklyrunningroutine.TheB.A.A.BostonMarathonTrainingPlanmaterialisintendedtobeofgeneralinformationaluseandisnotintendedtobeanyfitnessormedicaladvice.Youshouldalwaysconsultaqualifiedandlicensedmedicalprofessionalbeforebeginningorchanginganyexerciseprogram.Pleaseusepersonaljudgmentwhenparticipatinginanytrainingorexerciseprogram.InformationcontainedwithintheB.A.A.BostonMarathonTrainingPlanmaynotbereproducedoradaptedwithoutapprovedwrittenpermitsfromtheBostonAthleticAssociation.Goodlucktoallrunners.21.ThisBostonMarathonTrainingplanispurposelydesignedfor______.A.the2020BostonMarathonorganizers B.the2020BostonMarathonparticipantsC.the2020AmericanMarathoncompetitors D.the2020Marathonrunnersaroundtheworld22.Whatdoweknowaboutthefourlevelsofthetrainingplan?A.Theyaredesignedwithaflexibletimetable.B.Theyrequirestricttimeontraining.C.Theyaresuitableforrunnersofallages.D.Theycanhelpyoubuildandarrangeyourdailyrunningroutine.23.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothetext?A.Fourlevelstrainingplanenablesyoutomakethebestuseofyourpotential.B.Youshouldjudgebyyourselfwhichtrainingprogramsuitsyoubest.C.Youcanchangeyourtrainingplanundertheguidanceofyourmedicalprofessional.D.The2020BostonMarathonPlanoffersadviceonbothtrainingandrunningfitness.【答案】21.B22.A23.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则波士顿马拉松训练计划，介绍了训练计划的四个水平以及注意事项。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Itisespeciallysuitableforthe2020BostonMarathoncompetitors,andisnotnecessarilyintendedforotherevents.(它特别适用于2020年波士顿马拉松赛的参赛者，并不一定适用于其他赛事)”可知，这次波士顿马拉松训练计划是专为2020年波士顿马拉松选手设计的。故选B。【22题详解】推理判断题。根据“•LevelOneisdesignedaroundrunninganaverageoffourdaysperweek.•LevelTwowillhaveyourunanaverageoffivedaysperweek.•LevelThreewillbeanaverageofsixdaysperweek.•LevelFourwillhaveyoutrainingsixtosevendaysperweek.(•第一级的设计是平均每周跑步4天。•二级要求你平均每周跑步5天。•第三级是平均每周6天。•四级会让你每周训练6到7天)”以及倒数第三段中“Thestep-by-stepincreaseindailyandweeklyadvantageisdesignedtochallengeyouwhilealsoreducingtheriskoftrainingtoohard.(每天和每周逐步增加的优势是为了挑战你，同时也减少过度训练的风险)”可推知，训练计划的四个水平的时间表是灵活的。故选A。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“TheB.A.A.BostonMarathonTrainingPlanmaterialisintendedtobeofgeneralinformationaluseandisnotintendedtobeanyfitnessormedicaladvice.(B.A.A.波士顿马拉松训练计划材料的目的是为了提供一般的信息，而不是为了提供任何健身或医疗建议)”可知，D选项“2020年波士顿马拉松计划提供了训练和跑步健身方面的建议”不正确。故选D。BYougooutforameal.YouscanaQRcodetoorderthefood,butitasksforyourphonenumber.Yourideinataxi,andyouraddressesareleaked.Yougobackhomeandareaskedtolookintoafacialrecognitioncamera.Datacollectioniseverywhere.However,thepersonalinformationcollectedbycompaniescanbeleakedformarketingorusedforcommunicationsfraud.Accordingtoa2018surveyof5,458peoplebytheChinaConsumersAssociation,85.2percentofpeoplesaidtheyhadexperiencedpersonalinformationleaksfromapplicationsontheirsmartphones.Mostsaidtheygotunwantedcallsortextmessagesafterward.OnNov1,thepersonalinformationprotectionlawcameintoeffectinChina.Thelawdefinespersonalinformationasanykindofinformationaboutpeoplewhoareorcanbeidentified,inelectronicorotherforms.Soaperson’sname,dateofbirth,IDnumber,addressandphonenumberareallpersonalinformation.Accordingtothelaw,activitiessuchascollecting,using,processingandtradingofpersonalinformationwillbestrictlyregulated.Onekeyruleisthatthosehandlingpersonalinformationshouldinformusersandgetpermission.Forsensitiveinformation,suchasfingerprints,faces,religiousbeliefs,medicalhealth,financialaccountsandalldatarelatingtominorsunder14,therearestricterrulesonrelatedactivities.Protectionofpersonalinformationofonlineplatformusersisespeciallystressed.AccordingtoareportreleasedinJuneonInternetdevelopmentinChina,thecountryhasmorethanonebillionInternetusersand60percentofsurveyedapplicationshadcollectedusers’informationillegally.Manyappswouldcollectusers’informationevenwhentheappwasnotinuse.Theycouldaccessthephone-book,photos,turnonthemicrophoneandgettheusers’location.That’swhyprotectionofpersonalinformationisneeded,accordingtoZhouHanhua,aresearcherwiththeInstituteofLawoftheChineseAcademyofSocialSciences.24.Whydoestheauthormentionaperson'sdailyroutineinthefirstparagraph?A.Toremindusoftheimportanceofourpersonalinformation.B.Toinformusthatpersonalinformationiswidelyusedinourdailylife.C.Toshowthatourpersonalinformationisexposedeasilythroughouttheday.D.Todemonstratethatadvancedtechnologiesaremakinglifemoreconvenient.25.Accordingtothetext,thefollowingitemsaresensitiveinformationEXCEPT______.A.aperson’sname B.bankaccounts C.fingerprints D.religiousbeliefs26.InZhouHanhua’sopinion,protectionofpersonalinformationisneededbecause______.A.personalinformationleakswillboostcommunicationsfraudB.personalinformationisoftensecretlycollectedbysomeappsC.manyappswillmakeuseofusers’informationinsomeillegalactivitiesD.manyappswillletoutthepersonalinformationwiththepermissionoftheusers27.Whichoneisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ProtectingYourInformation B.ANewLawComingintoEffectC.MindingYourSensitiveInformation D.KeepingawayfromCommunicationsFraud【答案】24.C25.A26.B27.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章围绕保护个人信息展开，阐述了个人信息泄露的普遍现象和信息保护法律条文的具体内容，并提醒人们信息泄露的各种方式和提高保护个人信息的意识。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Yougooutforameal.YouscanaQRcodetoorderthefood,butitasksforyourphonenumber.Yourideinataxi,andyouraddressesareleaked.Yougobackhomeandareaskedtolookintoafacialrecognitioncamera.Datacollectioniseverywhere.(你出去吃饭。你扫描二维码点餐，但它需要你的电话号码。你坐出租车，你的地址被泄露了。你回到家，被要求观察面部识别摄像头。数据收集无处不在)”可推知，作者在第一段提到一个人的日常生活是为了表明我们的个人信息在一天中很容易暴露。故选C。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Soaperson’sname,dateofbirth,IDnumber,addressandphonenumberareallpersonalinformation.(因此，一个人的姓名、出生日期、身份证号码、地址和电话号码都是个人信息)”以及第四段中“Forsensitiveinformation,suchasfingerprints,faces,religiousbeliefs,medicalhealth,financialaccountsandalldatarelatingtominorsunder14,therearestricterrulesonrelatedactivities.(对于敏感信息，如指纹、面孔、宗教信仰、医疗健康、财务账户和与14岁以下未成年人有关的所有数据，对相关活动有更严格的规定)”可知，姓名不是敏感信息，故选A。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Manyappswouldcollectusers’informationevenwhentheappwasnotinuse.Theycouldaccessthephone-book,photos,turnonthemicrophoneandgettheusers’location.That’swhyprotectionofpersonalinformationisneeded,accordingtoZhouHanhua,aresearcherwiththeInstituteofLawoftheChineseAcademyofSocialSciences.(许多应用程序会收集用户的信息，即使是在不使用的情况下。他们可以访问电话簿、照片、打开麦克风并获取用户的位置。中国社会科学院法学研究所研究员周汉华表示，这就是为什么需要保护个人信息)”可知，周汉华认为，一些应用程序经常会秘密收集个人信息，因此需要对个人信息进行保护。故选B。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Manyappswouldcollectusers’informationevenwhentheappwasnotinuse.Theycouldaccessthephone-book,photos,turnonthemicrophoneandgettheusers’location.That’swhyprotectionofpersonalinformationisneeded,accordingtoZhouHanhua,aresearcherwiththeInstituteofLawoftheChineseAcademyofSocialSciences.(许多应用程序会收集用户的信息，即使是在不使用的情况下。他们可以访问电话簿、照片、打开麦克风并获取用户的位置。中国社会科学院法学研究所研究员周汉华表示，这就是为什么需要保护个人信息)”结合文章围绕保护个人信息展开，阐述了个人信息泄露的普遍现象和信息保护法律条文的具体内容，并提醒人们信息泄露的各种方式和提高保护个人信息的意识。A选项“保护你的信息”最符合文章标题。故选A。CEveryyear,workersputupabig,freshlycutevergreentreeinahistoricbuildinginAsburyPark,NewJerseytocelebrateChristmas.ButrecentlyworkersputupaverydifferentkindofChristmasTreeinstead.Unlikeanevergreen,itrequireslittlecareandcanneverdie.Thatisbecausethe2021ChristmasTreeismadewhollyofathickandstrongpapermaterialcalledcardboard.Whenthewinterholidaysend,the“tree”istoberecycled.Thepieceusesnaturalandartificiallightingtodarkenpartsofthetreewhileshininglightonothers.Inthisway,thepiece’sappearancechangesthroughouttheday.Thetree’screatorssoughttohonorelementsofAsburyPark’snaturalenvironment,cityscapeandrichmusicalhistory.Opinionsonthetreearemixed.“Ilikethatit’sdifferent…It’sprettyinteresting”saidlocalmanChrisTrifari.LocalElizabethKhimitchofferedsimilarpraise.“Ithinkit’sverycreative.”ShehadcometotheGrandArcadetotakepicturesofherdogsinfrontofthetree.Othersontheboardwalkwerenotaspleasedbythetree.AntonySolimandosaiditlookedlike“anAmazonpackage.”“Can’twejusthaveourtraditionaltree?”addedAmyMackey.MichaelLavallee,alocalartistwhogoesbythenamePorkchop,createdthepiecewithBradHoffer.TheycallitTheGivingTree.HesaidthecompanytoldhimtherewouldnotbeanaturalChristmastreeatConventionHallthisyear.“Iwasaskedtocomeinanddosomethingfestive-ish,”saidPorkchop.Festivemeanscelebratory,especiallyinconnectionwithaholiday.AmyQuinnisAsburyPark’sdeputymayor.QuinnsaidthecityisnotinvolvedintheConventionHalldecisions,butthatshelikesthepiece.Shesaid,“Ilovethatit’sdifferent.Loveitorhateit,peoplearetalkingaboutit.”28.Accordingtothetext,whichoneisNOTthecharacteristicofthepaperChristmastree?A.Itcanbereusednextyear. B.Itneedslesscare.C.Itcanchangethroughouttheday. D.Itcanberecycled.29.WhatcanbeinferredfromthetextaboutthecreatorsofthepaperChristmastree?A.Theyarebothenvironmentalists.B.TheywantedtoshowrespecttoAsburyPark’snaturallandscape.C.TheythoughtthepaperChristmastreewassomethingmuchmoreimpressive.D.TheywantedtocreateatotallydifferentChristmasforthelocalpeople.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinthefourthparagraphprobablymean?A.Dramatic. B.Spectacular. C.Substantial. D.Celebratory.31.Wheredoesthetextprobablycomefrom?A.Alocalnewspaper. B.Atravelguide.C.Afoodmagazine. D.ASciencereport.【答案】28.A29.B30.D31.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要说明了新泽西州阿斯伯里公园采用纸圣诞树来代替常青树，介绍了纸质圣诞树的一些特点以及人们对此的不同看法。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Unlikeanevergreen,itrequireslittlecareandcanneverdie.Thatisbecausethe2021ChristmasTreeismadewhollyofathickandstrongpapermaterialcalledcardboard.Whenthewinterholidaysend,the“tree”istoberecycled.Thepieceusesnaturalandartificiallightingtodarkenpartsofthetreewhileshininglightonothers.Inthisway,thepiece’sappearancechangesthroughouttheday.(不像常青树，它不需要照料，永远不会死亡。这是因为2021年的圣诞树完全是由一种叫做纸板的厚而结实的纸材料制成的。当寒假结束时，这棵“树”将被回收。该作品使用自然和人工照明，使树木的部分变暗，同时照亮其他部分。通过这种方式，作品的外观在一天中不断变化)”可知，A项“明年可以重复使用”不是纸质圣诞树的特点。故选A。29题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Thetree’screatorssoughttohonorelementsofAsburyPark’snaturalenvironment,cityscapeandrichmusicalhistory.(这棵树的创造者试图尊重AsburyPark的自然环境、城市景观和丰富的音乐历史元素)”可推知，制作纸圣诞树是为了表达对AsburyPark自然环境及城市历史的敬意。故选B。【30题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“Festivemeanscelebratory,especiallyinconnectionwithaholiday.”可知，Festive意为庆祝的，尤指与节日有关，故此处MichaelLavallee用festive-ish想表达“具有节日气氛，庆祝的”的含义。A.Dramatic.戏剧性的；B.Spectacular.壮观的；C.Substantial.大量的；D.Celebratory.庆祝的。故选D。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Everyyear,workersputupabig,freshlycutevergreentreeinahistoricbuildinginAsburyPark,NewJerseytocelebrateChristmas.ButrecentlyworkersputupaverydifferentkindofChristmasTreeinstead.(每年，工人们都会在新泽西州阿斯伯里公园的一幢历史建筑中，竖起一棵新砍下来的大常青树来庆祝圣诞节。但最近，工人们换上了一种非常不同的圣诞树)”结合文章主要说明了新泽西州阿斯伯里公园采用纸圣诞树来代替常青树，介绍了纸质圣诞树的一些特点以及人们对此的不同看法。可推知文章选自当地报纸。故选A。DScientistssaybabysharksareatriskofbeingbornsmallerandwithouttheenergytheyneedtosurvivebecauseofwarmingoceansfromclimatechange.Scientistsstudiedepaulettesharks,whichliveoffAustraliaandNewGuinea.Theyfoundthatwarmerconditionsspedupthesharks5growingprocess.Thatmeantthesharkswerebornearlierandverytired.Thefindingscouldbeusedinthestudyofothersharks,includingthosethatgivebirthtolivingyoung.Thescientistsstudied27sharks.Somewereraisedinaveragesummerwatertemperatures,about27degreesCelsius.Otherswereraisedinhighertemperaturesaround29degreesCelsiusand31degreesCelsius.Theyfoundthatthesharksraisedinthewarmesttemperaturesweighedmuchlessthanthoseraisedinaveragetemperatures.Theyalsoshowedreducedenergylevels.EpauletteSharkscangrowtoalengthofaboutonemeter.Theirnamecomesfromlargespotsontheirbodiesthatlooklikedecorationsonsomemilitaryclothing.Onestudythisyearfoundthatworldwidenumbersofoceanicsharksandraysdroppedmorethan70percentbetween1970and2018.Overfishingisamainconcern,whileclimatechangeandpollutionalsothreatensharks.CarolynWheelerisadoctoralstudentattheUniversityofMassachusettsBostonandwiththeARCCentreofExcellenceforCoralReefStudiesatJamesCookUniversityinAustralia.Shewastheleadauthoroftheepaulettesharkstudy.Shesaidthatwhileallthesharkssurvived,thoseraisedinwarmertemperatureswerenotstrongenoughtosurviveforlonginthewild.Sheadded,“Ifthesharksarebornsmallerthanusual,theyareprobablygoingtohavetostartlookingforfoodsooner—andthey’regoingtohavelesstimetoadjusttotheirsurroundings.”Thestudyshouldserveasawarningtooceangoverningagenciesthatcarefulmanagementisneededtopreventthelossofmoresharks.32.Accordingtothetext,howdoesthewarmerconditionsaffectthebabysharks?A.Theyaffecttheirbodyweight. B.Theydestroytheirfood.C.Theyrescheduletheirmovingroute. D.Theyaffecttheirbodytemperature.33.Thescientistscarriedoutthetheirstudyby______.A.trackingsharksinthewildB.collectingandstudyingformerdataC.comparingsharksinwatersofdifferenttemperaturesD.analyzingtheinformationofclimatechangefornearly50years34.Whatdoesthefifthparagraphmainlytalkabout?AThesharks’livingenvironment. B.Thethreatstosharks’survival.C.Thesharks’appearance. D.Theoriginofsharks’names.35.WhatisCarolynWheeler’attitudetowardsthechangesofthesharks?A.Indifferent. B.Optimistic.C.Concerned. D.Critical.【答案】32.A33.C34.B35.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。研究说明了受到气候变化影响的海洋不利于鲨鱼等海洋动物的生存。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Scientistssaybabysharksareatriskofbeingbornsmallerandwithouttheenergytheyneedtosurvivebecauseofwarmingoceansfromclimatechange.(科学家表示，由于气候变化导致海洋变暖，小鲨鱼在出生时可能会变得更小，而且没有生存所需的能量。)”及第三段中“Theyfoundthatthesharksraisedinthewarmesttemperaturesweighedmuchlessthanthoseraisedinaveragetemperatures.(他们发现，在最高温度下长大的鲨鱼比在平均温度下长大的鲨鱼体重要轻得多。)”可知，温暖的环境影响小鲨鱼的体重。故选A项。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Thescientistsstudied27sharks.Somewereraisedinaveragesummerwatertemperatures,about27degreesCelsius.Otherswereraisedinhighertemperaturesaround29degreesCelsiusand31degreesCelsius.(科学家们研究了27条鲨鱼。其中一些被饲养在平均夏季水温27摄氏度左右。另一些则被饲养在更高的温度，大约29摄氏度和31摄氏度。)”可知，科学家们通过比较不同温度水域中的鲨鱼来进行他们的研究。故选C项。【34题详解】主旨大意题。根据第五段中“Onestudythisyearfoundthatworldwidenumbersofoceanicsharksandraysdroppedmorethan70percentbetween1970and2018.Overfishingisamainconcern,whileclimatechangeandpollutionalsothreatensharks.(今年的一项研究发现，1970年至2018年期间，全球海洋鲨鱼和鳐鱼的数量下降了70%以上。过度捕捞是一个主要问题，而气候变化和污染也威胁着鲨鱼。)”可知，本段主要讲述了鲨鱼生存面临的威胁。故选B项。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Shesaidthatwhileallthesharkssurvived,thoseraisedinwarmertemperatureswerenotstrongenoughtosurviveforlonginthewild.(她说，虽然所有的鲨鱼都存活了下来，但那些在较高温度下长大的鲨鱼不够强壮，无法在野外生存很长时间。)”以及最后一段中CarolynWheeler所说“Ifthesharksarebornsmallerthanusual,theyareprobablygoingtohavetostartlookingforfoodsooner—andthey’regoingtohavelesstimetoadjusttotheirsurroundings.(如果鲨鱼出生时体型比平时小，它们可能就不得不更快地开始寻找食物——它们适应环境的时间就会更少。)”可知，CarolynWheeler关心着并担心着鲨鱼的生存问题。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TipsforbathinginwinterEveryonetakesbaths.Itcannotonlycleanyourbodybutalsoliftyourmood.Itfeelsgoodtohaveanicehotbathduringthewinter,butitcanalsocausedryskin.____36____?Let’shavealook.Q:Whydoyoufeelitchyafterabathinwinter?A:Theoutermostlayerofhumanskinisthestratumcorneum（角质层）.Ontopofit,thereisalayerofsebum(皮脂).____37____,accordingtoHealthline,aUShealthwebsite.Inwinter,theairiscolderanddrier.Ourbodiesmakelesssweat,sowehavelesssebum.Frequentbathinganduseofbathsoapcantakeawaythesebum.So,yourskinmayitchandgetdandruff（皮屑）,accordingtoChinaScienceCommunication.Q:____38____?A:Manypeopleshoweratleastonceaday.Insummer,youmighteventaketwoorthreeofthemdependingonthedayandyouractivitylevel.Yourskinmightbedrierinwinter.Inthiscasetoomanyshowerscanbringonextremedryness.____39____.RajaniKatta,aprofessoratBaylorcollegeofmedicineintheus,recommendsshoweringwithlukewarm(温热的)waterfornomorethan10to15minutesduringthecoldseason.Q:Whenshouldyoutakeabathinwinter?A:Somepeopletendtotakeashowerinthemorning,whileothersliketobatheintheevening.Whichisabetterchoice?Ahotwaterbathinwintercanmakeyousorelaxedthatyoufeelliketakinganapassoonasyouleavethebathroom.Inotherwords,yourmorningbathwilldonothingtoheightenyoursenseswhentacklingabrandnewday.____40____.A.ItcanprotectandhydrateourskinB.HowoftenshouldyoutakeabathinwinterC.WhatelseshouldweprepareforbathinginwinterD.WhatelsedoweneedtoknowaboutbathinginwinterE.However,ashowereverydaywillalsomakeyourskindrierF.Yet,ashowereverydaymaynotnegativelyaffectyourskinG.Instead,itislikelytomakeyoulazy,accordingtothenewspaperOrrisaPost【答案】36.D37.A38.B39.F40.G【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是冬天洗澡的小贴士。【36题详解】本空处在第一段，在空格前的“Itfeelsgoodtohaveanicehotbathduringthewinter,butitcanalsocausedryskin.（冬天洗个热水澡感觉很好，但也会导致皮肤干燥。）”引出冬天里洗澡可能会导致皮肤干燥问题之后，介绍本文的主要内容：冬季洗澡应注意和了解些什么？D选项“Whatelsedoweneedtoknowaboutbathinginwinter（关于冬天洗澡我们还需要知道什么）”引出下文内容，符合语境，故选D。【37题详解】空格前说“Ontopofit,thereisalayerofsebum.（在它上面，有一层皮脂。）”，A项“Itcanprotectandhydrateourskin（它可以保护和保湿我们的皮肤）”中it指的是上一句中的“alayerofsebum”，因此A选项承接上文，说明了皮脂的作用，符合语境，故选A。【38题详解】本空考查段落标题的概括。根据下文答语“Manypeopleshoweratleastonceaday.Insummer,youmighteventaketwoorthreeofthemdependingonthedayandyouractivitylevel.（很多人一天至少洗一次澡。在夏天，你甚至可以根据一天的时间和你的活动水平洗澡两到三次。）”可知问的是有关洗澡频率的问题，B选项“Howoftenshouldyoutakeabathinwinter（冬天多久洗一次澡）”概括本段内容，符合语境，故选B。【39题详解】前一句“Inthiscasetoomanyshowerscanbringonextremedryness.（在这种情况下，过多的淋浴会导致极度干燥。）”说洗澡太多导致皮肤极度干燥，F选项“Yet,ashowereverydaymaynotnegativelyaffectyourskin（然而，每天洗澡一次可能不会对你的皮肤产生负面影响）”继续补充说每日一次还是可以的，和上文的“toomanyshowers”相互呼应，因此F选项承接上文，符合语境，故选F。【40题详解】空格前说“Inotherwords,yourmorningbathwilldonothingtoheightenyoursenseswhentacklingabrandnewday.（换句话说，当你面对全新的一天时，你的晨浴并不能提高你的感官。）”，G选项“Instead,itislikelytomakeyoulazy,accordingtothenewspaperOrrisaPost（相反，根据OrrisaPost的报道，它可能会让你变得懒惰，）”衔接上一句所说早晨洗澡不能使你精神焕发，而会让你懒散乏力，因此G选项承接上文，符合语境，故选G。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IgrewupinMichiganandhavelovedboatssinceIwasyoung.I’dgooutonmydad’sfishingboat,andeverybirthdayI’dgetaminiatureboatwithaviewingwindow.InMichigan,we’re____41____bylakesandIsoondiscoveredthatIloveddivingand____42____skippedschooldaysforthebeach.Threeyearsago,I____43____putforwardanideaofrunningglass-bottomboattourstoaninvestor.Itstartedin2018.Atpresent,Mysons____44____,manningthedeck(甲板)andphones.WeheadoutontheCheboyganriverandLakeHuron.Wesailpastlotsofplacesof____45____,withahistorianonboardexplainingthehistory.Weoftenscantherivertoseewhatwecanfind.Oneweekendthisyear,Imeta____46____client.IthoughtIshouldfindsomethingtoshowhimandmanagedtofindagiantshell.ThenIsawagreenbottle.Iswamtomyboat,tookaphotoandthenopenedthebottle.Itwasfullofwaterandhadapaperinside.I____47____thepaperandsawthedate—November1926.Wewereallamazed.Thenote____48____:“ReturnthispapertoGeorgeMorrow.”Iwassoexcitedtohavefoundit.Wemadesuretokeepthepapersafe.Beforeleavingtheharbor,IpostedapictureonmyFacebookpageanddidn’texpectwhatfollowed.Thenextmorning,myphone____49____withmessages.WhileIwasdrivinghome,IgotaphonecallfromMichelePrimeau.ShetoldmeshewasGeorgeMorrow’sdaughter.Ididn’tbelieveher_____50_____.Shesaidherdadwouldfloatnotesinbottleswhenhewentonvacationor_____51_____theminwallswhenredecorating.She_____52_____hehadpostedthisoneonhis18thbirthday.Inautumn,Michelecametovisit.Shebroughtsomeofhiswritingandthehandwritingmatched.She_____53_____Ikeepthemessageandthebottle.Itnowsitsinadisplaycaseinmyshop.ThatFacebookpostnowhas87,000_____54_____.Inahardyear,thediscoveryhasbroughtpurejoy._____55_____aScubadiver(水肺潜水员),thisfeelslikealifetimeachievement.41.A.surrounded B.estimated C.defended D.integrated42.A.even B.somehow C.merely D.anyhow43A.exceptionally B.entirely C.gradually D.successfully44.A.callout B.helpwith C.helpout D.callup45.A.history B.significance C.interest D.entertainment46.A.elegant B.remote C.reliable D.potential47.A.unfolded B.opened C.uncovered D.exposed48.A.presented B.wrote C.read D.showed49.A.pouredout B.blewup C.brokeout D.setup50.A.atfirst B.aboveall C.inturn D.inreturn51.A.stuffed B.displayed C.deserted D.hid52.A.spokeup B.workedout C.spokeout D.workedup53.A.insisted B.convinced C.appealed D.anticipated54.A.critics B.fans C.likes D.inquiries55.A.For B.As C.With D.Alongside【答案】41.A42.A43.D44.C45.B46.D47.A48.C49.B50.A51.D52.B53.A54.C55.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述作者从小就受到生活环境的影响非常喜欢船，喜欢水边生活，长大后继续以水为伴，推出游船观光项目。在海上偶然发现一个1926年的漂流瓶，并找到了和它有关的人。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在密歇根，我们周围都是湖，我很快就发现我喜欢潜水，甚至为了去海滩翘课。A.surrounded包围；B.estimated估计；C.defended保卫；D.integrated整合，并入。此空应填surrounded，意为被湖环绕，用来介绍作者自己的生活环境，在水边长大，喜欢水，热爱潜水。故选A项。【42题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在密歇根，我们周围都是湖，我很快就发现我喜欢潜水，甚至为了去海滩翘课。A.even甚至；B.somehow不知怎么地，用了某种办法；C.merely仅仅，只是；D.anyhow不管怎样，无论如何。热爱潜水，甚至上课的日子旷课去海边玩，进一步强调作者对沙滩和潜水的痴迷。故选A项。【43题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：三年前，我成功地向一位投资者提出了开办玻璃底船游的想法。A.exceptionally例外地；B.entirely完全地；C.gradually逐渐地；D.successfully成功地。根据下一句“Itstartedin2018”，游船观光项目开业了，说明作者成功地说服了投资者。故选D项。【44题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在，我的儿子们在帮忙，管理甲板和电话。A.callout大喊；B.helpwith帮着……；C.helpout帮助；D.callup唤起回忆，打电话。作者和投资人创办的，儿子们应该是帮忙营运观光船只，空后没有宾语，helpwith不合适，其后面应该有名词作宾语。故选C项。【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们航行过许多名胜古迹，船上有一位历史学家在讲解历史。A.history历史；B.significance重要性，意义；C.interest兴趣；D.entertainment娱乐消遣。下一句讲到船上有一位史学工作者讲解沿途景点的历史故事。因此这些地方应是名胜古迹，placesofinterest景点，名胜古迹。故选B项。【46题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：今年的一个周末，我遇到了一个潜在的客户。A.elegant优雅的；B.remote遥远的，偏僻的；C.reliable可靠的；D.potential潜在的。apotentialclient意为一个潜在的客户。下一句“IthoughtIshouldfindsomethingtoshowhimandmanagedtofindagiantshell.(我想我应该找些东西给他看，于是我设法找到了一个巨大的贝壳)”，作者这样做应该是想拉拢住客户，即对方是一位潜在客户。故选D项。【47题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我打开那张纸，看到了日期——1926年11月。A.unfolded展开；B.opened打开；C.uncovered揭开，揭露；D.exposed使……暴露。apaper一个纸质的东西，应该是折叠的，展开它才能看到里面的信息内容，“展开纸张”应使用unfold。故选A项。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：纸条上写着：“把这张纸还给乔治·莫罗。”A.presented展示；B.wrote写；C.read读；……上写道；D.showed展示，让……看。“ReturnthispapertoGeorgeMorrow.”是note纸条上所写的内容，“……上写着……”英文表达常用动词say或read。故选C项。【49题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：第二天早上，我的手机就收到了很多信息。A.pouredout倾倒，倾诉；B.blewup爆炸；C.brokeout爆发；D.setup建立，创建，树立，搭起。从下文“ThatFacebookpostnowhas87,000likes”可推测作者的帖子得到了许多关注，此处意为电话收到了太多信息，可以用blowup表示手机爆炸了，是一种夸张的说法。故选B项。【50题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：一开始我不相信她。A.atfirst开始时，最初；B.aboveall最重要的是；C.inturn依次轮流；反过来，转而；D.inreturn作为回报。她说她是GeorgeMorrow的女儿，作者一开始是不相信的，如此久远的故事。所以后面她又解释她爸爸的爱好，再后来又亲自带来父亲写的东西来比对笔迹，并且显示字迹是相一致的，由此可以推测，最初作者不相信她的话。故选A项。【51题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说，她的父亲在度假的时候会把纸条放在瓶子里，或者在重新装修的时候把它们藏在墙上。A.stuffed填满，装满；B.displayed展示，展览；C.deserted荒弃，废弃；D.hid隐藏。在房子重新装修的时候将瓶子藏在墙里，暂时不让人发现。这个行为与做漂流瓶相似，留给未来的自己或别人惊喜。故选D项。【52题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她发现这张纸条是他在18岁生日时发布的。A.spokeup大声地说；无保留地说出；B.workedout计算出，搞清楚；C.spokeout畅所欲言；大胆地说；D.workedup逐步建立；逐步发展；激发；整理。她不可能一下就能知道他父亲哪年写的这张纸条，她应该是使用很多途径去推算出，她的父亲是在她18岁生日的时候寄出这个漂流瓶的，workout符合语境。故选B项。【53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她坚持要我保存这张纸条和瓶子。A.insisted坚持；B.convinced使……信服；C.appealed吸引；D.anticipated预期，预料；预见（并做准备）；期望，盼望。根据“Itnowsitsinadisplaycaseinmyshop.”推知，女士执意要作者留下这个漂流瓶，insist符合语境。故选A项。【54题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这条脸书帖子现在有87000个赞。A.critics评论员，批评家；B.fans粉丝，迷，爱好者；C.likes喜爱，点赞；D.inquiries询问。这个帖子发出后就得到了许多人的关注，因此Michele能够快速联系到作者，likes表示帖子的点赞数，符合语境。故选C项。【55题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：对于一个潜水者来说，这感觉像是一生的成就。A.For对于……来说；B.As作为；C.With和……一起；D.Alongside与……一起。这种经历对于水肺潜水员来说，就像是一辈子的成就，介词for可表示“对于……来说”符合语境。故选A项。第II卷注意事项：用0.5毫米黑色笔迹的签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。FellowZhang,thenameofaDouyinaccountbelongingtoa30-somethingmaninNortheastChina'sLiaoningprovince,haspickedupnearly10millionfollowersintwomonthswithjust41shortvideos____56____(record)hislife.AvillagerfromthecountrysideofYingkoucity,Zhang____57____(use)asmartphonetoshootclipsofhissimpledailyroutineinhisrun-downhouse,