2024-2025学年福建省福州市长乐第一中学高二上学期第二次月英语试卷

2024—2025学年福建省福州市长乐第一中学高二上学期第二次月英语试卷

一、听力选择题(★★)1.Whatarethespeakersprobablydoing?

A．Visitingazoo.B．Havingameal.C．Makingadelivery.(★★)2.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A．Alesson.B．Ascientist.C．Apopstar.(★★★)3.Whydoesthewomanspeaktotheman?

A．Tobookaholiday.B．Toinquireaboutajob.C．Toaskforaplacetostay.(★★)4.Whereisthewomanprobably?

A．Inacar.B．Inanoffice.C．Inachangingroom.(★)5.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofBenjaminJones’latestbook?

A．It’sboring.B．It’sconfusing.C．It’sinteresting.(★★)听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.WhydidthewomanmovetotheUK?

A．Towork.B．Tostudy.C．Totravel.7.Whatwasthehardestforthewomanafterthemove?

A．Adaptingtotheweather.B．Learningthelanguage.C．Dealingwithloneliness.(★★)听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A．Colleagues.B．Classmates.C．Neighbors.9.Whatiswrongwiththewoman’sprinter?

A．Ithasapaperjam.B．Ithasrunoutofpaper.C．Ithasadamagedwire.10.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?

A．Callatechnicalfirm.B．AskEricSmithforhelp.C．Checktheinstructionbook.(★★)听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11.Whoisthemanprobably?

A．Ahost.B．Aguide.C．Ateacher.12.Whydothewoman’steamsleepintheirowntents?

A．Theywanttosavemoney.B．Therearenohotelsnearby.C．It'smoreconvenientinthetents.13.Whatisaproblemforherteamaccordingtothewoman?

A．Thelongroute.B．Theterriblemeals.C．Thedangerousanimals.(★★★)听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.Whendidthemangiveuphisoldapproach?

A．Atage12.B．Atage13.C．Atage14.15.HowcanwedescribeJacksonPollock’sartisticstyle?

A．It’sabstract.B．It’sconcrete.C．It’screative.16.Whatdeeplyinfluencedtheman’slatestsculpture?

A．Anartistfriend.B．AtriptoChina.C．Ashowhewatched.17.Howdoesthemanwanttheviewerstointeractwithhislatestsculpture?

A．Bywalkingonit.B．Bymakingchangestoit.C．Bytakingpicturesofit.(★★★)听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18.Whatdoweknowaboutthebookshop?

A．It’slocatedinNorway.B．It’sownedbyacouple.C．Ithasexistedfor10years.19.WhatdidRussellCrowedoin2020?

A．Hebuiltawebsite.B．Hesponsoredanactor.C．Heattendeddramaschool.20.Howmanykidsdidthebookshopgiveawaybookstoin2022?

A．30.B．40.C．50.二、阅读理解(★★)FourAmazingProductsNexStrideNexStrideisdesignedforseniorswhohaveconditionslikeParkinson’sdisease.Itisadevicethathelpsthosewithmobilitychallengeswalkbetter.Ituseslightandsoundsignalstostimulatethebrainandimprovethecoordination(协调)ofthebody.Itcanbeattachedtoanywalkingsticks,andithasadjustablesettingstosuitdifferentneeds.RyanRyanisanAI-enabledsociallyassistiverobotbyDreamFaceTechnologiesdesignedtoengageinpersonalizedconversations,improvingcognitive(认知的)functionandemotionalwell-beingforolderadults.Withspeechrecognitionandfacialexpressionrecognition,Ryanunderstandsandrespondslikeaclosefriend.ElliQElliQisasocialrobotthathelpsolderadultsliveindependentlyathome.Itusesacombinationofvoice,sound,lightandmovementtocommunicatewiththem.Itcansuggestactivitiessuchaslisteningtomusic,playinggames,readingnewsorvideocallingwithfamilyandfriends.ElliQhasatabletthatallowsuserstoaccessvariousappsandservices,suchasemail,socialmediaoronlineshopping.NobiIfapersonfalls,Nobiasksthemtoconfirmitandthenmakesatrustedcontactthroughanapp.ThecontactcantalktothepersonthroughNobiandunlockthedoorremotelyifneeded.Nobialsohelpspreventfallsbyturningonautomaticallywhenanolderpersongetsupatnight,forinstance,togotothetoilet,taketheirpillsordrinksomewater.Sincemostfallsoccuratnight,Nobioffersapreventativesolution.21.WhatisamajorfeatureofNexStride?

A．Itprovidesawaytowalkwithconfidence.B．ItprovestobeeffectiveincuringParkinson’s.C．Itenablespatientstomovelikenormalpeople.D．Itcanbeattachedtowalkingsticksorone’sbody.22.WhatdoRyanandElliQhaveincommon?

A．Bothmayassisttheirusersinshopping.B．Bothcaninteractwiththeirusers.C．Bothareforyoungandoldalike.D．Bothareequippedwithatablet.23.WhowillshowaninterestinNobi?

A．Thosewhohatetakingpills.B．Thosewhogetpoorsleep.C．Thosewhofeellonely.D．Thosewhofalleasily.(★★★)ScientistsinChinaandSwedenhavedeterminedthatasmallamountofcapsaicin,thechemicalcompound(化合物)thatgiveschilipepperstheiruniquetaste,maybeacrucialcomponentformorestableandefficientperovskite(钙钛矿)solarcells.Perovskitesareafamilyofmineralswithcommonchemicalstructuresthatareusedtocreatesolarcells.Whileperovskitesemiconductors(半导体)representapromisingcomponentforthemostadvancedsolarcelltechnologies,theyaretroubledbynonradiative,anundesirableelectron-levelprocessthatreducesefficiencyandincreasesheatlosses.Researcherssoughtoutanatural,forest-based,inexpensiveadditivetoovercomethislimitationandenhancesolarcellperformance.“Consideringtheelectric,chemicalandstablepropertiesofcapsaicin,wefoundthatitwouldbeapromisingadditive,”saysBaoQinye,seniorauthorofthestudyfromEastChinaNormalUniversity.Totestcapsaicin’scapabilities,Baoandhisteammatesaddedasmallamountofthecompoundintothesolarcells.Next,theresearchersperformedaseriesoftechniquestodeterminehowthecapsaicinadditiveaffectedthesolarcellproperties.Theyfoundthatwhiledeviceswithoutcapsaicinshowedapowertranstormationefficiencyofonly19.1%,devicescontainingcapsaicinhadanefficiencyof21.88%,nearlyashighastherecord21.93%efficiencyofsingie-crystalMAPbldevices,whichareatypeofperovskitesolarcell.Theenhancedsolarcellsalsoshowedimprovedstability,maintainingmorethan90%oftheirmitialefficiencyafter800hoursofbeingexposedtotheair.Capsaicinenabledtheseimprovementsbytransformingtheperoyskitematerial’ssurfaceenergetics,creatinganinterfacebetweenp-typesemiconductorlayers,whichcontainmoreelectron-deficient“holes”thanelectrons,andn-typesemiconductorlayers,whichcontainmoreelectronsthan“holes”.Thisinterfacepromoteschargetransportandreducesthelossofefficiencyobservedintraditionalperovskitesemiconductors.Whilecapsaicinmayprovidealow-cost,widelyavailableadditiveforthefuturedevelopmentofhighlyefficientperovskitesolarcells,Baoandhisteammatesnotethatfurtherresearchisrequiredtoinvestigatethecompound’seffectonharmless,lead-free(无铅的)perovskitessuchasinorganicperovskiteanddoubleperovskitebeforeitwillbereadyforcommercialapplications.24.Whatisslowingtheprogressofperovskitesemiconductors?

A．Toomuchunnecessaryheat.B．Risingpricesofperovskites.C．Nonradiativerecombination.D．Thecomplexproductionline.25.WhatdothefiguresinParagraph3reveal?

A．Capsaicinimprovesperovskitesolarcellperrormance.B．Additiveshavelittleinfluenceonsolarcellproperties.C．Solarcellsoftenrequireahighpercentageofcapsaicin.D．Traditionalperovskitesolarcellspossessmoreadvantages.26.Whatisamajordifferencebetweenthep-typeandn-typesemiconductorlayers?

A．Thesourceofadditives.B．Thenumberofelectrons.C．Thefunctionofinterfaces.D．Thesizeofsemiconductors.27.WhatmighttheresearchersdonextaccordingtoBao?

A．Examineifleadcanbeusedasalow-costadditive.B．Putperovskitesolarcellswithcapsaicinonthemarket.C．Develophighlyefficientsolarcellswithoutanyadditive.D．Observehowcapsaicinaffectseco-friendlyperovskites.(★★★)Astart-uphasbegunplantingfungi(真菌)collectedfromhealthyforestsatatreeplantationintheUSstateofGeorgia.Theeffortto“rebuild”thesoilmicrobiome(微生物组)mayhelpgrowtreesthatstoremorecarbon.Fungiandothermicrobesinsoilareimportantfactorsfortreegrowthandhealth.Theyhelprootsaccessnutrientsinexchangeforcarbohydratesproducedbythetrees.ColinAverill,founderofFunga,thecompanybehindtheGeorgiaproject,isusingsoilfromhealthyforeststointroduceittonewlyplantedtreestomakethemgrowbiggerandfaster.Theplantingisstraightforward:abitofsoilfromanareaofhealthyforestisaddedtoaholewhereayoungtreeisplanted.Identifyingpreciselywhichsoiltodigismorecomplicated.Overthepastyears,FungaresearchersanalyzedtreegrowthratesandstudiedtheDNAofsoilmicrobesin500pineforeststoidentifywhichcompositionofmicrobesisassociatedwiththemostgrowth.TheythencollectedthesecandidatemicrobesfromthetestsiteandintroducedthemtonewtreesinLexington,Georgia.Theyalsoplantedtreeswithouttheaddedsoiltoestablishabaselineagainstwhichtocompareanyadditionalcarbonstoredbythetreatedtrees.Resultswon’tbeavailableuntiltheendofthisyear,butsimilarmethodsincreasedforestproductivitybetween30and70percentataresearchplotinWales.Averillandhisco-workersalsoanalyzed81experimentsthatexaminedhowintroducingwildmicrobiomestosoilaffectedvarioustypesofplantsindifferentecosystems.Theyfoundarangeofeffects,fromasmallreductionofbiomasstoamorethan700percentincrease.Onaverage,plantbiomassincreased64percent.“It’sgoingtodosomething,”saysJenniferBhatnagaratBostonUniversity,thoughshesayshowmuchdependsonalotoffactors.“Sourcingthesoilposesanotherchallenge,”saysCindyPrescottattheUniversityofBritishColumbiainCanada.“Manyspeciesoffungican’tbecultured,andatlargerlevels,soilremovalcoulddegradethecollectionsites.”28.Howdofungiinfluencetreegrowth?

A．Bystoringcarbonwithinthetrees.B．Bysupplyingcarbohydrates.C．Byfacilitatingtrees’nutrientabsorption.D．Bygatheringnutrientsinthesoil.29.Whatcanbeinferredfromthesoilidentification?

A．Itsimplifiedthetreeplantingprocess.B．Itidentifiedtheperfectfungiforoldertreegrowth.C．ItreducedtheneedforstudyingtheDNAofthesoil.D．Ithelpedchoosethebestmicrobesforthetreeplantation.30.Whyisabaselineneeded?

A．Toincreaseforestproductivity.B．Toassesstheimpactofaddedsoil.C．Toanalyzetheactivityinwildmicrobiomes.D．Todeterminetheoverallhealthoftheplantedtrees.31.WhatisCindyPrescott’sattitudetowardtransplantingfungi?

A．Favorable.B．Unclear.C．Doubtful.D．Objective.(★★★)IfithadbeenuptoPeterHiggs,theworldwouldhavenevernoticedhisdeathonApril8th-nor,forthatmatter,the94yearsoflifebeforeit.Hevaluedtherespectofhiscoworkersandtreasuredhisoccasional“brightideas”aboutthewaytheuniverseworked.Thefactthatoneofthoseideasendedupboileddownintoanobjectbearinghisnamewasasourceofsomeannoyance.Dr.Higgs’sbest-knownideawascrucialbutitwasunderstoodbyonlyafewpeople.Therearetwotypesoffundamentalparticles(粒子)fermionsandbosons.Thesymmetrical(对称的)natureoftheequationswhichdescribebosonsimpliesthattheyshouldbemassless.Bythe1950s,though,itseemedthatsomebosonsdidhavemass;somefundamentalsymmetrieswereinpractice“broken”.Resolvingthemathsofbrokensymmetriesbecamethefocusofparticlephysicists.Dr.Higgs’scontribution,madeoverafewweeksinthesummerof1964,wasamathematicaldescriptionofanewbosonthatcouldgivemasstobosonsinneedofit.In1983,adaringupgradetoaparticleaccelerator(加速器)atCERN,theEuropeanphysicslabnearGeneva,produceddirectevidenceofthreemassivebosons-twoWsandaZ.Upsetoverthis,someAmericanphysiciststoldthegovernmentwhichfundedthemthatAmericawaslosinganimportantrace.TheproposedcomebackwastheSuperconductingSuperCollider(SSC),aparticleacceleratorofextraordinarypower.TheHiggsbosonwasakeypartoftheproposal.Theparticle’sexistencewaspredictedbut,ashadbeenthecasewiththeWsandZ,itsdiscoverywasimpossiblewithoutapowerfulenoughmachine.TheSSCwouldbethatmachine.In1993AmericacancelledtheSSCbutCERN’sLargeHadronCollider(LHC)carriedon.TheLHCdeliveredthegoodsin2012,andtheNobelPrizecommitteefollowedsuitthenextyear.Dr.Higgssmiledsometimesandboretheattention.However,whatscientistsactuallywantfrombigsciencerarelyboilsdowntoasinglething;theywantthemeanswithwhichtoexplorewidely.AsDr.Higgsalwaysknew,whatreallymattersistheprocess,nottheprize.32.WhatcanwesayaboutDr.Higgsaccordingtoparagraph1?

A．Hepreferredaquietlife.B．Hisdeathwaslittleknowntoothers.C．Hemademanydiscoveriesbearinghisname.D．Hisunderstandingoftheuniversewasconfusing.33.WhatbreakthroughdidDr.Higgsachieve?

A．Heprovedwhyfermionsaremassless.B．Hedifferentiatedtwocategoriesofparticles.C．Heexplainedhowsomebosonsgainedmass.D．Hebrokethefundamentalsymmetries.34.WhywastheSSCproposed?

A．TotrackdowntheHiggsboson.B．Tosearchforfermionsandbosons.C．ToprovetheexistenceoftwoWsandaZ.D．Tohelppredictthepossibleadaptationsofbosons.35.WhatdidDr.HiggsthinkofwinningtheNobelPrize?

A．Difficult.B．Insignificant.C．Satisfying.D．Far-reaching.(★★★)PathwaystoScientificBreakthroughsTheGenesisofNovelIdeasScientificdiscoveriesoftensproutfromthemostunexpectedseeds.Asparkofcuriositycansetoffachainreaction.36.WhenArchimedesnoticedwaterspillingoverashegotintothebath,thatsimpleobservationledtohisfamous“Eureka!”momentaboutdisplacement.Sucheverydayencounters,whenobservedwithascientificeye,canbirthrevolutionaryconcepts.Collaboration:AWinningFormulaInthecomplexwebofmodernscience,collaborationhasbecomenon-negotiable.37.Researchersfromdiversefields,likebiologistsandcomputerscientistsworkingonbioinformaticsprojects,pooltheirexpertise.Thebiologistsbringknowledgeoflivingorganisms,whilecomputerscientistsofferadvanceddataanalysistools.Together,theycrackproblemsthatwouldstumpanindividualresearcher.WeatheringtheStormofSetbacksThejourneytoascientificdiscoveryisriddledwithobstacles.Experimentsfail,hypothesescrumble.38.Butit’spreciselythesesetbacksthatseparatethegreatsfromtherest.Einsteinfacednumerousrejectionsbeforehistheoriesgainedacceptance.Insteadofquitting,herefinedhiswork,usingfailuresassteppingstonestosuccess.39Stayinginformedaboutthelatestscientifictrendsisasvitalasthediscoveryprocessitself.Newresearchpapers,emergingtechnologies,andglobalconferencesaretreasuretrovesofknowledge.Scientistswhokeeptheirearstothegroundcanborrowideas,adaptmethods,andsometimesstumbleuponthemissingpieceoftheirresearchpuzzle.TheRoadAheadTowrapitup,achievingremarkablescientificfeatsrequiresablendofqualities.40.Nurturingtheseinbuddingscientistswillensureafuturefilledwithevenmoreawe-inspiringdiscoveries.

A．So,whatqualitiesshouldfuturescientistsfocuson?B．Theybounceideasoffeachother,forgingnewsolutions.C．Howcanscientistsmakethebestuseofcollaborations?D．KeepingAbreastofScientificAdvancementsE．It’sthesechanceobservationsthatleadtobreakthroughs.F．Whatdrivesscientiststoperseverethroughfailures?G．Buttheydon’tletthesesetbacksderailthem.三、完形填空(★★★)Earlyinthemorning,whileit’sstilldarkoutside,Irisefrombed,anticipatingthedayahead.Ileavemyroomandgodownstairstothe_________roomoftheassistedlivingfacility.ThereIhave_________aquietplaceinwhichtowrite.Ilovetowriteand,inthoseearlymorninghoursbeforedawn,Ican_________.Icallthesecoupleofhoursintheveryearlypartofmyday“MyQuietHours.”Icanthinkclearlywhenit’sjustmeandthe_________ofasoon-to-be-noisydiningroom.Whenbreakfastisoverandthedayhasofficially_________,Imustsneak(偷偷地做)momentsfor_________intomyday.Whiletheother_________gototheActivitiesRoomto_________themselves—makingbirthdaycardsorplayingcardgames,Iquietlyclosethedoortomyroomandremain_________andwrite.ThesequietmomentsI__________formyselftakeupmostofmyday,andIlikeitthatway.Oneofthe__________oflivinginanassistedlivingfacilityisthat,afteralltheseyears,IcanspendmoretimedoingwhatIlovetodo.Gonearethe__________daysthatdidn’tofferanysparetimeformetoconstructa__________,letaloneasentence.Allofusneed__________timetoexamineourlivesopenlyandhonestly—spendingquiettimealonegivesmyminda(n)__________torenewitself.41.A．meetingB．diningC．livingD．dressing42.A．foundB．ruinedC．sensedD．shown43.A．stayB．eatC．sleepD．think44.A．darknessB．lonelinessC．silenceD．distance45.A．begunB．passedC．returnedD．broken46.A．teachingB．writingC．cleaningD．playing47.A．employeesB．residentsC．neighborsD．relatives48.A．introduceB．behaveC．entertainD．convince49.A．atalossB．outofsightC．undertheweatherD．intheway50.A．comeacrossB．laydownC．putawayD．setaside51.A．beautiesB．challengesC．meansD．moments52.A．joyfulB．lazyC．busyD．peaceful53.A．chapterB．plotC．phraseD．mode54.A．limitedB．equalC．familiarD．quiet55.A．opportunityB．identityC．diversityD．responsibility四、语法填空(★★★)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。OrganicAgriculture:ASustainableApproachtoFarmingInrecentdecades,organicagriculture56(transform)thewaywegrowfood,emergingasavitalalternative57conventionalfarmingquietly.Unlikeconventionalfarmingthatleansheavilyonsynthetic(合成)pesticides,fertilizers,and58(genetic)modifiedorganisms(GMOs),organicfarmingtakesanaturalapproach.Organicfarmersusecompostandmanuretoboostsoilfertility.Thesenaturalfertilizersworkwonders,enhancingsoilstructure,allowingittoholdwaterbetterandsupplynutrientsstably,59iscrucialforlong-termproductivity.Croprotationisalsocrucial;changingcropsseasonallypreventspestanddiseaseoutbreaksandbalancesnutrient60(consume).Forpestcontrol,insteadofchemicalsprays,farmersintroduce61(benefit)insectsorsetupphysicalbarriers.Thebenefitsarefar-reaching.Environmentally,itlessenschemicalrunoffintoriversandlakes,safeguardingaquaticecosystems.Italsocutsdowngreenhousegasemissions62(associate)withproducingsyntheticfertilizers.Forconsumers,organicproduceisfree63harmfulresidues(残留)andmayhavemorenutrientsandbettertaste.Nevertheless,organicfarmingisn’twithoutchallenges.Yieldsmightbelowerinitially64(compare)toconventionalmethods,andhigherproductioncostscanmakeorganicproductspricier.Butasconsumerdemandforsafe,healthyfoodsurges,moreresearchandtechnologicaladvancementsareunderway.Organicagricultureholdsthepromiseoffeedingfuturegenerationswhileprotectingourplanet.It’satestament(证据)totheidea65workingwithnature,notagainstit,canrevolutionizefoodproductionforthebetter.五、单词拼写(★★)66.Solarpanelscang________electricityandheatwateratthesametime,whichisquiteenergy-efficient.(根据首字母单词拼写)(★★★)67.Usingthisnewsoftwaretoprocessdatawillsaveusa________(大量)amountoftimeandmoney,asitautomatesmanycomplextasksthatpreviouslyhoursofmanualwork.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)(★★)68.Theauthor,________(相信)ofthepowerofwords,spentyearswritinganovelthatwouldinspiregenerations.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)(★★)69.Detectivesarecloselywatchingthemovementsofthoses________,waitingfortherightmomenttomakeamoveandgathermoreevidence.(根据首字母单词拼写)(★★)70.Accordingtothelatest________(数据),theunemploymentrateinthiscityhasdroppedby3%comparedtolastyear,whichisapromisingsignforthelocaleconomy.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)(★★)71.Many________(名人)usetheirinfluenceonsocialmediatoraiseawarenessaboutsocialissues,likepovertyandenvironmentalprotection.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)(★★)72.Shewalkeds________towardsthestage,showingnosignofnervousness.(根据首字母单词拼写)(★★)73.Shefeltextremelyf________whensherealizedshehadmadethesamemistakeagaindespitehereffortstoavoidit.(根据首字母单词拼写)(★★)74.TheUnitedNationscalledforinternationali________toendtheviolentconflictinthewar-tornregion.(根据首字母单词拼写)(★★★)