2024-2025学年新教材高中英语UNIT4NaturaldisastersSectionⅢDiscoveringUsefulStructures教案新人教版必修第一册

PAGE2-SectionⅢDiscoveringUsefulStructuressupplyn．供应(量)；补给；[pl．]补给品vt．供应；供应(教材P52)Thesupplieswhichwereprovidedtothedisasterareawerecollectedfromaroundthecountry．向灾区供应的物资是从全国各地收集来的。(1)school/medicalsupplies 学校用品/医疗用品(2)supplysth．tosb． 为某人供应某物supplysb．withsth． 为某人供应某物①Thewatersupplyhasbeencutoffbecausetheworkersarerepairingthemainpipes．因工人们在修主要管道，水资源供应被切断。②TheInternetsuppliesalotofinformationtouseveryday．因特网每天给我们供应很多信息。③Thereisnoneedtoworry．Wecansupplyyou_withwhateveryouneed．＝Thereisnoneedtoworry．Wecansupplywhateveryouneedto_you．没有必要担忧，我们可以供应任何你须要的东西。survivevi．生存；存活vt．幸存；艰难度过(教材P52)She’sfeedingthebabywhosurvivedtheearthquake．她在喂在地震中幸存的婴儿。(1)AsurviveB(by)．．． A比B活得长……surviveon 依靠……生存下来survivefrom 从……存活下来，流传下来(2)survivorn． 生还者survivaln． [U]幸存；[C]残存物①Ofthesixpeopleinjuredintheterribleaccident,onlytwosurvived．在这次可怕的事故受伤的六人中，只有两人活了下来。②Thetravelertrappedinthelonelyislandsurvivedonthefishcaughtinthesea．被困在孤岛上的那位旅客靠在海里捕到的鱼生存了下来。③Somestrangecustomshavesurvivedfromearliertimes．有些惊奇的风俗是从早年流传下来的。④Theoldladyhassurvivedallhersistersandbrothersbytenyears．那位老妇人比她全部的兄弟姐妹晚去世10年。Hewastheonlysurvivorinthatbadaccident,andafterthesurvival,hehasbeenlivingahappyandhealthylife．关系代词引导的限制性定语从句用适当的关系代词填空1．(教材P50)Thereweredeepcracksthatappearedinthewellwalls．2．(教材P50)Twothirdsofthepeoplewho_livedthereweredeadorinjured．3．(教材P50)Thenumberofpeople_whowerekilledorbadlyinjuredinthequakewasmorethan400，000．4．(教材P50)Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150，000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead．5．(教材P50)Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed．6．(教材P52)AdoctorwithwhomJamesusedtoworkdiedinthe2024earthquakeinEcuador．定义1．在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰作用的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。2．关系词分为关系代词(that,which,who,whom,whose,as等)和关系副词(when,where,why等)两类。关系代词的基本用法1．who指人，在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语或表语。◆Thechildrenwhowereinjuredinacaraccidentarebeingtreatedinthehospitalnow．在车祸中受伤的孩子们现在正在医院接受治疗。(作主语)◆Dannywasamanwhowerescuedfromtheruins．丹尼是我们从废墟中救出来的一个人。(作宾语)2．whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略，也可用who代替。◆Roseistheperson(who/whom)youshouldcareabout．罗丝是你应当关切的人。◆Theboy(who/whom)theteacheroftenpraisesistheirmonitor．老师常常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长。3．whose既可以指人，也可以指物，表示“所属”关系，whose在定语从句中作定语。◆Anystudentwhosefamilyistoopoortogotoschoolcangethelpfromthegovernment．任何由于家境贫寒而上不起学的学生都可以得到政府的帮助。(修饰人)◆Helivesinaroomwhosewindowfacesnorth．他住在一个窗子朝北的房间里。(修饰物)[即时演练1]——关系代词填空①Thewomanwhoisshakinghandswithmysisterisadoctor．②Thosewhowanttoseethefilmsetdownyournames,please．③ThegirlwhograduatedfromCambridgeUniversityiscalledAmanda．④Ilikethosebookswhosetopicsareabouthistory．⑤Theoldmanwhom/whoyouspoketoisafamousdoctor．4．which指事物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。◆Chinaisacountrywhichhasalonghistory．中国是一个具有悠久历史的国家。(作主语)◆Theradio(which)heboughtyesterdaydoesn’twork．他昨天买的收音机坏了。(作宾语)◆ThisisthehouseinwhichIoncelived．这是我曾经住过的房子。(作介词in的宾语)5．that既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。习惯上指人多用who，whom，指物多用which。◆Thisisthenovelthatinterestsme．这就是让我感爱好的那本小说。(指物，作主语)◆Themagazine(that)Iboughtyesterdayislost．我昨天买的那本杂志丢了。(指物，作宾语)◆Thenumberofpeoplethat/whocometovisitthiscityeachyearreachesonemillion．每年来参观这座城市的人数达100万。(that指人，作主语)关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或表语，因此定语从句中不能再出现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。[译]昨天晚上我们看的那部电影特别吓人。[误]Thefilm(that/which)wesawitlastnightisveryfrightening．[正]Thefilm(that/which)wesawlastnightisveryfrightening．[即时演练2]——关系代词填空①Look,herearesomepeoplewho/whom/thatIwantyoutomeet．②Doyoustillrememberthechickenfarmthat/whichwevisitedthreemonthsago?③Thepicturewhich/thatwasabouttheaccidentwasterrible．关系词只能用that而不用which的状况1．当先行词为all,everything,nothing,anything,much等不定代词时。◆HaveyoutakendowneverythingthatMr．Lisaid?李老师讲的你都登记来了吗？◆Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone．全部能做的都做了。2．先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。◆ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedinLondonwastheBigBen．在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。◆ThisisthemostdeliciousfoodthatIhaveeverhad．这是我吃过的最美味的食物。3．先行词被all,every,no,theonly,thevery,thelast等修饰时。◆I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine．我已经读了全部那些不是我的书。◆Theonlythingthatshecoulddowastogotothepoliceforhelp．她唯一能做的事就是去求助警察。◆IhavefoundtheverypenthatIlostyesterday．我已找到昨天丢的钢笔。4．当先行词既指人，又指物时。◆Weoftentalkaboutthepersonsandthingsthatweremember．我们常常谈起我们记得的那些人和事。[即时演练3]——完成句子①这是我参观过的最美丽的公园。Thisisthemostbeautifulparkthat_I_have_visited．②她把她感爱好的人和物都拍摄了下来。Shetookphotographsofthethingsandpeoplethat_she_was_interested_in．③闲聊是她唯一最感爱好的事。Chattingwasthe_only_thing_thatinterestedhermost．eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)单句语法填空1．LastweekendmyroommatesandItalkedaboutthehappydaysthat/whichwehadincollege．2．Jakeusedtobeabraveboythat/whom/whohisteachersalwayspraised．3．Ann’sparentsallowedAnntohelpJohnwhosefamilywaspoor．4．Theyhavegotarobotthat/whichcantakecareoftheoldandbabies．5．Lucycalledherbrotherthat/whom/whoshehadn’tspokentoforfiveyears．6．Thefirefighterrescuedthosewhoweretrappedinthelift．7．IvisitedthecouplelastweekwhosedaughterisstudyingintheUnitedStates．8．ItisthemostinterestingstorythatIhaveeverread．9．Therearemanythingsthat/whichIneedtobuybeforethetriptoFrance．10．Martindidn’tbuythenewcellphonewhosepricewastoohighforhim．11．DoyoulikethefilmTitanicwhosemusicisverybeautiful?12．I’mnotinterestedinthestorythat/whichisaboutthetriptothemoon．13．OneHundredYearsofSolitudeisthemostwonderfulbookthatIhavereadsofar．14．Whenshecamenear,Ifoundthatshewasoneofmyclassmatesthat/whom/whoIhadnotmetsincegraduation．15．Todaytherearelotsofvideogamesthat/whicheatupourtime．16．Lucylikesthewomanwriterwhosebooksteachheralot．17．Johnsonisthestudentwhom/who/thathisteachersareproudof．18．Iwon’tdoanythingthatharmsmeormyfriendsforever．19．AllthestoriesthatMrs．Yangwrotehavesomethingtodowithteenagers．20．Aliceisoneofthegirlsinourschoolwhohavewontheprizethreetimes．eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)语法与写作请将下列句子升级为含定语从句的复合句。1．Wearegoingtointerviewthewriter．Hisnewnovelhasbeenwellreceivedbythepublic．We_are_going_to_interview_the_writer_whose_new_novel_has_been_well_received_by_the_public．2．Thewashingmachineisoutoforder．Mrs．Greenboughtthewashingmachineamonthago．The_washing_machine_(that/which)_Mrs．_Green_bought_a_month_ago_is_out_of_order．3．Thepolicearelookingforthelittlegirl．Thelittlegirlgotlostyesterday．The_police_are_looking_for_the_little_girl_that/who_got_lost_yesterday．4．Thegirlismakingaspeechunderthenationalflag．Thegirlisourmonitor．The_girl_who/that_is_making_a_speech_under_the_national_flag_is_our_monitor．5．TheyvisitedPeteryesterday．Peter’slegwasinjuredinacaraccident．They_visited_Peter_yesterday_whose_leg_was_injured_in_a_car_accident．6．Ivaluethecellphone．Myauntgavemethecellphoneasmybirthdaygiftlastweekend．I_value_the_cellphone_(that/which)_my_aunt_gave_me_as_my_birthday_gift_last_weekend．7．Susanisclever．Susan’sdreamistobecomeafamoussinger．Susan,_whose_dream_is_to_become_a_famous_singer,_is_clever．8．Marycan’tbelievethenews．Tonytoldherthenewsjustnow．Mary_can’t_believe_the_news_(that/which)_Tony_told_her_just_now．eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)阅读理解AOnJan．11,amothernamedAmyCalhounhadanextremelyscaringexperiencebeforeaneighborcametohelpher．Afterdrinkingmilkandasmallamountofjuice,her7­week­oldsonOliverbegantocry．Hismothergentlypatted(拍打)hisback．Thenhevomited(呕吐)．ThevomitwasstuckinOliver’snose．Hecouldn’tbreathe．Calhounrandownstairs．Shelaidhimonthehardfloorandwentoutsideandshoutedforhelp．ShetriedCPR．Shewasn’tdoingitright．Shewentoutsideandshoutedagainforhelp．Sheturnedaround．Oliverwasblue．Hiseyeswereclosed．“Hewasgone，”shesaid．Thenextthingsheknewwasthatastrangerwasthere．“Idon’tevenrememberseeinghimcomein，”shesaid．MarcusBrewerrantothehome．Calhounwascrying．Hesawthelifelessbaby．“Shewasjustsaying,‘Mybaby’sdead．’”hesaid．“That’sallIrememberhersaying．”Brewer,aformervolunteerfirefighter,toldhertocalmdownandtellhimwhathadhappened．HepickedOliverup．Oliver’sarmsandlegshungloosely．Brewerturnedhimoverandstronglypattedhisback．Hesucked(吸)outthevomitandperformedCPR．Afterawhile,BrewersawOliver’sdarkbluelipsshake．AndCalhounheardOlivercry．Oliverhadbeenbroughtbacktolifejustbeforetheambulancearrived．CalhounandherbabyweremovedtoMedicalCenter,wherethedoctorssaidhewasperfectlyhealthy．Calhounthoughttheincidentcouldbealesson,andencouragedeveryonetolearnCPR．“Theremightbeonedaywhenyou’llhavetouseittosavealovedoneorastranger，”shesaid．“Ifitweren’tforhim,mysonwouldnotbehererightnow．”AsOlivergetsolder,sheplanstotellhimhisstory．【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。一个7周大的婴儿因呕吐物卡在鼻中而停止呼吸，邻居赶来对其实施急救，从而使婴儿得救。1．WhydidOliverstopbreathing?A．Hedrankbadmilkandjuice．B．Somethingharmedhislung．C．Somethingwasstuckinhisnose．D．Hismotherwronglypattedhim．C解析：细微环节理解题。依据第一段的“ThevomitwasstuckinOliver’snose．Hecouldn’tbreathe．”可知，Oliver因呕吐物卡在鼻中而停止呼吸。2．Calhoundidn’tnoticeBrewercomeintothehomeprobablybecause________．A．shewascalling911B．shewaslostingreatsadnessC．shewasdoingCPRdownstairsD．shewasshoutingoutsideforhelpB解析：推理推断题。依据其次段的描写以及“Shewasjustsaying,‘Mybaby’sdead，’”hesaid．“That’sallIrememberhersaying．”可知，Calhoun当时惊惶失措，特别难受，无暇顾及屋里是否进来生疏人。3．What’stheRIGHTorderofBrewer’sfirst­aidsteps?A．TurnOliverover—pattheback—suckoutthevomit—performCPR．B．TurnOliverover—performCPR—suckoutthevomit—pattheback．C．PerformCPR—turnOliverover—pattheback—suckoutthevomit．D．TurnOliverover—suckoutthevomit—pattheback—performCPR．A解析：细微环节理解题。依据第三段Brewer施救的依次可知答案。4．What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A．NeverIgnoreaStranger’sHelpB．ANeighborSavedaBabybyCPRC．HowtoPerformCPRonBabiesD．AFriendinNeedIsaFriendIndeedB解析：标题归纳题。依据文章内容可知，本文主要讲解并描述生疏邻居如何通过CPR来救人的故事，故B项作标题最佳。BHavinglivedinCaliforniauntil1970,myfamilyhasfeltanumberofearthquakes．Wehavebeenfortunate,however,tohavesufferednobodilyharmorpropertydamage．ThereisawebsitethatlistsallCaliforniaearthquakesrecordedfrom1769tothepresent．Thesiteliststhedatesandtimesaswellasthemagnitude(震级)andtheexactlocationofanyquakethatmeasuredmorethan6．0．Thereareonlyafewquakesthatstandoutinmymemoryand,luckily,noneisshowninthewebsite．So,mypersonalexperienceswithearthquakesmightbeconsideredinsignificant．Therearethreeearthquakesthataredifficulttoforget．Thefirstonewasin1955andouroldestdaughterwaswalkingwithmeinourbackyardinRedwoodCityinCalifornia．AstheshakingbecamestrongerIheldhertomewithonearmasIheldontooneofourfruittreeswiththeother．Allthreeofus(mydaughter,Iandthetree)shookfortwoorthreeminuteswhichtousfeltlikehours．Thesecondonewasin1963．OurentirefamilywasvisitingDisneylandinSouthernCalifornia．Theearthstartedtoshakejustaswewerebeginningtowalkfromourhoteltowardthe_famous_landmark．MythirdexperiencewithanearthquakewasalonelyoneinCalifornia．ItwasinmysixtiesandIwasaloneinanoldchurch．Asthebuildingstartedtoshake,Iquicklyheadedforthedoortogooutside．IrememberIsaidalittleprayer—somethinglike,“Helpmegetoutofhereintime,DearHeavenlyFather．”Minuteslater,Iwassafeoutside．【解题导语】作者回忆了自己经验的三次地震。5．Theauthorwritesthepassagemainlytotellusabout________．A．anewfilmaboutanearthquakeB．howtosurviveanearthquakeC．histhreeearthquakeexperiencesD．howtosavechildreninanearthquakeC解析：写作意图题。作者主要向读者介绍了自己经验的三次地震。6．Theearthquakestheauthorhasexperienced________．A．allcausedbodilyharmB．areallrecordedinawebsiteC．allmeasuredmorethan6．0D．allhappenedinCaliforniaD解析：细微环节理解题。依据第三段的“Thefirstonewasin1955．．．inCalifornia．”和第四段其次句以及第五段的“MythirdexperiencewithanearthquakewasalonelyoneinCalifornia．”可知答案。7．Whenthefirstearthquakehappened,theauthor________．A．wasstayingwithhisdaughterB．wasplantingfruittreesC．heldontoatreeforhoursD．wasinahotelA解析：细微环节理解题。依据第三段其次句及最终一句的“Allthreeofus(mydaughter,Iandthetree)shookfortwoorthreeminutes”可知第一次地震发生时，作者和他的女儿正待在一起。8．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“thefamouslandmark”referto?A．Achurch．B．Disneyland．C．Abuildingdestroyedbyanearthquake．D．Theplacewheretheauthorwasborn．B解析：推理推断题。依据上文“OurentirefamilywasvisitingDisneyland”可知答案。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)七选五Firstrainsoftheseasonalwaysmakeeverybodyhappy．However,asitbeginstorainoften,youwillpossiblyfeelbored．1．________Well,youcandomanyfunthings,whichwillmakethedayatrulyenjoyableone．2．________Takealittletimeoutforyourself．Thentakealongwalkandwatcheverything．Youcanwalkinyourneighborhoodoreventakethesubwayanddiscovernewplacesinthetown．Ifyouliketakingpictures,takeyourcameraalongwithyoutocatchbeautifulmoments．Hostaraindanceparty!3．________Itcanalsobeinyourbackyard．Makesurethatthedancefloorishardandeventoavoidaccidents．Placethestereo(立体声音响)undertheroofincaseitgetswet．Callyourfriendsandenjoytheparty!Watchandlistentonature．Forexample,youcantakeyourbikeandrideinagreenhillyarea．4．________Ifyoucan’tgooutsideyourhouse,sitinthebalcony(阳台)withacupofteaandlistentothesoundofwaterfallingondifferentobjects．Therearemanythingstodoonarainyday．Butmakesureyoutakearainjacketoranumbrellawhilegoingoutintherains．5．________Whenitcomestopreventingyoucatchingacoldintherains,youcaneatalotofvitaminC,andtakeabathonceyoucomebackhome．A．Takeawalkbyyourself．B．Youcanstoptobuyanicecream．C．Sohowcanyouhavefunonsucharainyday?D．Youcansitonthetopofahillandenjoytheview．E．Youwon’tgetcompletelywetandthencatchacold．F．Havesomecoffeeoutsideandenjoytheconversation．G．Thedancefloorcanbenearyourhome’sswimmingpool．【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何快乐地度过雨季。1．C解析：该空前说下雨天你会觉得很苦恼，所以如何快乐地度过雨天呢？其实你可以做很多快乐的事，由此可知C项正确。2．A解析：该空为该段的主题句，依据该空后的“Takealittletimeoutforyourself．”以及下文多次提到的walk可知，选项A正确。3．G解析：依据空后“Itcanalsobeinyourbackyard．Makesurethatthedancefloorishardandeven”可知，It指代的是thedancefloor，G项中提到“Thedancefloor”，所以应选G项。4．D解析：依据该段的主题句“Watchandlistentonature．”和空前的“Forexample,youcantakeyourbikeandrideinagreenhillyarea．”可知，D项正确。虽然B项也是以Youcan开头，但是与本段的主题句“赏雨和听雨”不一样。5．E解析：外出的时候记得要带雨衣或雨伞，否则会因淋湿而感冒，由此可知E项符合语境。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ)语法填空Mountainclimbingisasportdifferentfromrockclimbing．Mountainclimbingequipmentthereforediffers1．____________rockclimbingequipmentsometimes,2．__