浙江省稽阳联谊学校2024届高三下学期二模英语试题 含解析

第1页/共1页2024年4月稽阳联谊学校高三联考英语试题卷本试题卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)。第Ⅰ卷1至8页，第Ⅱ卷9至10页。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。请考生按照规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。第Ⅰ卷注意事项：1．答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whatwillthemando?A．Drinkcoffee.B．Addsomewater.C．Washcups.2．Whenwillthemanfinishstudying?A．At1:00a.m.B．At9:00p.m.C．At11:00p.m.3．Whatwillthewomandonext?A．Gotocheckonhermother.B．Sendhermothertohospital.C．Answerthephonefromhermother.4．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Co-workers.B．Husbandandwife.C．Salesclerkandcustomer.5．Whatfooddoesthemanoffer?A．Nuts.B．Crisps.C．Chocolate.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whatproblemdoesthewomanhave?A．Sheworkedlatelastnight.B．Sheisstrugglingwithherproject.C．Shewillbelateforherhistorylesson.7．Whoisprobablytheman?A．Ateacher.B．Aheadmaster.C．Astudent.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8．Whichteatastesgoodwithmilk?A．Yellow.B．Black.C．Green.9．Whatbreaddoesthemanliketoeateveryday?A．White.B．Brown.C．Black.听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。10．Howmuchdoesthebaconusuallycost?A．$1.00.B．$1.50.C．$2.00.11．Wherearethespeakersmostprobably?A．Ataparkinglot.B．Atarestaurant.C．Atagrocerystore.12．Whodidthespeakerssee?A．Afamoussinger.B．Afamousactress.C．Afamouswriter.13．Whatmakesthecitymorepopular?A．Greatentertainment.B．Cheaplabor.C．Beautifulnature.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14．Whydoesn’tthemaneatattheuniversitycafeteria?A．It’slessfun.B．It’stooexpensive.C．It’snothealthy.15．Whatdoesthemanneedmoneytopayfor?A．Textbooks.B．Acar.C．Rent.16．Whatdoesthemanprobablywanttobeinthefuture?A．Ateacher.B．Abanker.C．Adoctor.17．HowlongwillMr.White’stalklast?A．Aboutaquarter.B．Abouthalfanhour.C．Aboutanhour.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18．Whowillgiveinformationaboutthecourses?A．Thedirectorofstudies.B．Thestudentadviser.C．Theprincipal.19．Wherewillthefreshmengoat11o’clock?A．TotheMainHall.B．Tothelanguagelab.C．ToClassroom521.20．Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A．Dailyschedulesforfreshmen.B．Atesttimetableforfreshmen.C．Nextday’sarrangementsforfreshmen.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ACostaRicaishometoeverythingfromsteamyrainforestsandmistycloudforests.Andthere’senoughactiontosatisfythemostdemandingthrill-seeker.Below,welookattheplacesyouwon’twanttomiss.LaFortunaYoucangetupclosetoitslava-coveredlowerslopesbytakingtheLasColadastrail,oneofseveralunforgettablehikesaroundVolcánArenalNationalPark,about7kmwestofLaFortuna.Around7kmeastofLaFortuna,there’shorsebackriding,mountainbiking,alongwithkayakingonLakeArenal.Theregion’snaturalhotspringsmaketheperfectplacetoeasewearymuscles.MonteverdeMonteverde’smist-wreathedcloudforestreservessithighonthecountry’smountainousspine.It’soneoftheworld’sbiodiversityhotspots,withashockingdiversityofplantsandanimals.Forabird’seyeviewoftheforest,takeathrillingrideonazipline(滑索),skimmingthecanopyathighspeed—SkyTrekMonteverdehasanautomaticbrakingsystem,usefulforkidsandanxiousadults.TheNicoyaPeninsulaFamedforitspostcard-perfectbeachesandsweetPacificswells,Nicoyahassomethingforwaveridersofalllevels.There’swildlifetoo:GrandeBeachisanestingsiteforleatherbackturtlesfromOctobertoMarch.Furthersouth,theremote,jungle-backedtownofSantaTeresaisnowahiphangoutwithcoolcafes,sushirestaurantsanddesignerboutiques.1.Whoarethetargetedreaders?A.Scientists. B.Travelers. C.Researchers. D.Guides.2.WhatcanpeopleenjoyinbothLaFortunaandMonteverde?A.Outdooractivities. B.Localsnacks. C.Wildlifewatching. D.Volcanoviews.3.Wherecanyouseekthrillinwater?A.LaFortunaandMonteverde. B.LaFortunaandTheNicoyaPeninsula.C.TheNicoyaPeninsulaandMonteverde. D.SantaTeresaandVolcánArenalNationalPark.【答案】1.B2.A3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要向读者介绍了CostaRica中LaFortuna、Monteverde、TheNicoyaPeninsula三处景点。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“CostaRicaishometoeverythingfromsteamyrainforestsandmistycloudforests.Andthere’senoughactiontosatisfythemostdemandingthrill-seeker.Below,welookattheplacesyouwon’twanttomiss.(从潮湿的热带雨林到雾蒙蒙的云雾森林，哥斯达黎加应有尽有。有足够的动作来满足最苛刻的刺激寻求者。下面，我们来看看你不想错过的地方。)”可知，本篇是关于哥斯达黎加的旅游简介，是为旅行者设计。故选B。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据LaFortuna部分中的“Around7kmeastofLaFortuna,there’shorsebackriding,mountainbiking,alongwithkayakingonLakeArenal.Theregion’snaturalhotspringsmaketheperfectplacetoeasewearymuscles.(在拉福图纳以东约7公里处，有骑马、山地自行车和在阿雷纳尔湖划皮艇的活动。该地区的天然温泉是缓解疲劳肌肉的理想场所。)”、Monteverde部分中的“Forabird’seyeviewoftheforest,takeathrillingrideonazipline(滑索),skimmingthecanopyathighspeed—SkyTrekMonteverdehasanautomaticbrakingsystem,usefulforkidsandanxiousadults.(想要鸟瞰森林，可以乘坐惊险刺激的高空滑索，高速掠过树冠——《天空迷航：蒙特维德》有一个自动刹车系统，对孩子和焦虑的成年人都很有用。)”可知，LaFortuna、Monteverde两处景点都有户外活动。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据LaFortuna部分中的“Around7kmeastofLaFortuna,there’shorsebackriding,mountainbiking,alongwithkayakingonLakeArenal.(在拉福图纳以东约7公里处，有骑马、山地自行车和在阿雷纳尔湖划皮艇的活动。)”和TheNicoyaPeninsula部分中的“Famedforitspostcard-perfectbeachesandsweetPacificswells,Nicoyahassomethingforwaveridersofalllevels.(尼科亚以其明信片般完美的海滩和甜蜜的太平洋海浪而闻名，适合各种水平的冲浪爱好者。)”可知，在LaFortuna和TheNicoyaPeninsula两处景点都可以在水中寻求刺激。故选B。BThesunneartheequatorisnever-ceasingbearingdownasIleadElaine,adarkbrownhorse,throughthickbushes.It’sbeenalongdayonhorseback.MylegsacheandourcampsignalsacrossaridgeofancientfoldinghillsintheLolldaigaRangeofnorthernKenya,amosaic(马赛克)oftwistedlandscapesandcommunities.SuddenlyElaine’searsflickintoalert,andthemusclesofherbodytensebeneathme.OurguideNicholusstretchesoutaleanarmtowardabushjustmetersaway.Myeyesfocus,tryingmybesttoseewhattheothersalreadyhave:twoamberballsglowingfromashadowedform.It’sayounglion,quickandstrong,inthemiddleofthehighgrass.Awildsilencehangsbetweenus.Withoutthedefensivehuntingvehicle,Ifeelcompletelyexposed.Peeringintothebush,I’msuspendedbetweenwonderandterror,thedistancebetweenmyselfandtheSavannah’smostnotorioushunterunbelievablysmall.Usually,I’mtheonetrackingthelion,camerainhand.Now,thelionshiftsinmyconsciousnessfromobjecttosubject.Ishift,too,stronglyawareofthesoftfleshofmyownbody.Nicholusnodshisheadintheotherdirection,asaferdistanceaway.Hepointstoshallowholesinthedust.“Look,thisisabiglion,andtheseareyoungones,somecubs,”hesays.“Probablyamother.”Pawprintsmarkedtheearth,eachtellingthestoryofmorelions,movingindifferentdirections.Itwastimetogo.HorsebacksafarisarestillthemostimmersivewaytoviewwildlifeinKenya.Tojourneyonhorsebackistobreakdownthewalls—meanttoprotect,butalsotoseparateusfromthenaturalworld.Andaswe’reabsorbedinthethrilloftheexperience,we’revividlyremindedoftheimportanceofprotectingthesewildspaces.Outhereyourhorseisyourtranslator,respondingtothelowhissofaleopard,thesoftscentofanelephantherd,thecoolmorningbreezedescendingfromMountKenya’sglacialpeaks.Yourjobistolearnhowtolisten.4.WhichwordscanNOTdescribemyhorsebackjourney?A.Thrilling. B.Tiring. C.Breathtaking. D.Boring.5.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3and4?A.Iregrettednothavingdrivenavehicle.B.Ifeltextremelytenseincaseoflions’attack.C.Therewillbeabigbattlebetweenlionsandus.D.Itwasoutofmyexpectationtobreakintoalion’sworld.6.WhydopeoplestillloveengaginghorsebacktravellinginKenyatoday?A.Horsesaremuchcheaperthanvehicles.B.Visitorswillexperiencethewildlifeanytime.C.Itisasafeandexcitingwaytoenjoythewildlife.D.Itoffersachancetoreconsidertheconnectionbetweenhumansandwildlife.7.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestinthelastparagraph?A.Findmoreanimalstofeed. B.Askyourhorsefortranslation.C.Feelnaturewithyourheart. D.Listentothesoundofeveryanimal.【答案】4.D5.B6.D7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要向读者讲述了作者在肯尼亚骑着马观赏野兽的旅行。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“MylegsacheandourcampsignalsacrossaridgeofancientfoldinghillsintheLolldaigaRangeofnorthernKenya,amosaic(马赛克)oftwistedlandscapesandcommunities.(我的腿很疼，我们的营地穿过肯尼亚北部洛尔达加山脉一座古老的折叠山山脊，那里是扭曲的景观和社区的马赛克。)”、第四段中的“Withoutthedefensivehuntingvehicle,Ifeelcompletelyexposed.Peeringintothebush,I’msuspendedbetweenwonderandterror,thedistancebetweenmyselfandtheSavannah’smostnotorioushunterunbelievablysmall.(没有了防御性的猎车，我觉得自己完全暴露了。凝视着灌木丛，我在惊奇和恐惧之间徘徊，我和大草原上最臭名昭著的猎人之间的距离小得令人难以置信。)”可知，骑着马观赏野兽的旅行不是无聊的。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Withoutthedefensivehuntingvehicle,Ifeelcompletelyexposed.Peeringintothebush,I’msuspendedbetweenwonderandterror,thedistancebetweenmyselfandtheSavannah’smostnotorioushunterunbelievablysmall.(没有了防御性的猎车，我觉得自己完全暴露了。凝视着灌木丛，我在惊奇和恐惧之间徘徊，我和大草原上最臭名昭著的猎人之间的距离小得令人难以置信。)”可知，作者感觉暴露在狮子的视野内，怕万一狮子来袭，充满了惊讶和恐惧。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第七段“HorsebacksafarisarestillthemostimmersivewaytoviewwildlifeinKenya.Tojourneyonhorsebackistobreakdownthewalls—meanttoprotect,butalsotoseparateusfromthenaturalworld.Andaswe’reabsorbedinthethrilloftheexperience,we’revividlyremindedoftheimportanceofprotectingthesewildspaces.(在肯尼亚，骑马旅行仍然是观赏野生动物最身临其境的方式。骑马旅行是为了打破围墙——这是为了保护我们，但也是为了将我们与自然世界分开。当我们沉浸在这种兴奋的体验中时，我们生动地意识到保护这些野生空间的重要性。)”可知，在肯尼亚骑马观赏野兽的旅行至今为止一直是游客们喜欢的沉浸式旅游，在旅行中，除了观赏动物，这种旅行方式也让游客思考动物和人之间的关系。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Outhereyourhorseisyourtranslator,respondingtothelowhissofaleopard,thesoftscentofanelephantherd,thecoolmorningbreezedescendingfromMountKenya’sglacialpeaks.Yourjobistolearnhowtolisten.(在这里，你的马是你的翻译，对豹子的低嘶嘶声、象群的柔和气味、从肯尼亚冰川山峰上吹下来的凉爽的晨风做出反应。你要做的就是学会倾听。)”可以推断作者想表达骑在马背上观赏野兽的旅游需要游客学会倾听马和其他动物、和大自然山川的回应，需要用心去感觉大自然。故选C。CAdiethighinproteinisoftenpromotedaspartofahealthylifestyle,andmanydietsencourageconsumerstoreducefatsinfavorofproteintoloseweightandgainleanmuscle.ForthestudyinNatureMetabolism,BettinaMittendorferandcolleaguesfoundthatwhileincreasingtheproportionofproteinindailycalorieintakeisbeneficial,consumingproteintoomuchnotonlydoesn’taddtothedevelopmentofleanmusclebutcancauseunintendednegativehealtheffects.“Consumersarebeingledtobelievethattheycannevergettoomuchproteinintheirdiet,”saysMittendorfer.“However,ourresearchshowsthatspecificaminoacids(氨基酸),whicharethebuildingblocksofprotein,cantriggerheartdiseasethroughasignalingmechanismatthecellularlevelintheblood.”Anaminoacidfoundinanimal-proteinfoods,suchasbeef,eggs,andmilk,wasfoundtoberesponsibleforsignalingactivityincellsthattypicallyclearawayrubbishinbloodvessels.Asconsumptionofdietaryproteinincreases,sodoestheconsumptionofleucine(亮氨酸),thespecificaminoacidresponsiblefortriggeringthiscellularactivityintheblood.Whenfunctioningnormally,thesecellsworktokeepbloodvesselsfreefromplaque(血小板)buildup.Whentheirproductionbecomesoveractive,theresultingaccumulationofspentcellsinthevascularsystemcancausetheplaquebuildupandblockagestheyaresupposedtoprevent.Theresultinghardeningofthearteries(动脉)isaleadingriskfactorforheartattackandstroke.“OurhopeistoeventuallyfindtheGoldilocksapproachformaximizingthehealthbenefitsofdietaryprotein,suchasbuildingleanmuscle,whileavoidingthehealthdrawbacksfromoverconsumption.”saysMittendorfer.Theresearchersfoundthatconsumingmorethan22%ofdailycaloriesfromproteincarriesmoredownsideriskthandietarybenefit.Foranormaladult,20to30gramsofproteinpermeal,or60to90gramsofproteinperdayisadequatetosupporthealth.Thestudycombinedhumantrialswithexperimentsinmiceandcells.8.Whichofthefollowingisthefindingoftheresearch?A.Itisbeneficialtotakeinproteinindailydiets.B.Adiethighinproteinisalwaysconsideredasahealthylifestyle.C.Manyconsumersareinfavorofproteintoloseweightandgainmuscle.D.Consumingproteintoomuchdoesn’tdogoodtotheleanmuscledevelopment.9.Whichofthefollowingismostlikelytocauseheartattackandstroke?A.Theplaquebuildup. B.Animal-proteinfoods.C.Thehardeningofthearteries. D.Overactivecellularactivityintheblood.10.Whatistheproperwaytomakegooduseofprotein?A.Totakeinproperamountofproteinpermeal.B.Toexerciseeverydayinordertobuildleanmuscle.C.Toconsumemorethan22%ofdailycaloriesfromprotein.D.Todomoreexperimentsinmiceandcellstoprovideevidence.11.Whatdoweknowaboutthestudy?A.Itisconductedinarelativelyscientificway.B.Itfinallyfindsaproperapproachtokeepfit.C.Itistotallyagainstwhatpeoplehavebelieved.D.Itoffersadietstandardforpeopleofallagesallovertheworld.【答案】8.D9.C10.A11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要说明了每日摄入过量蛋白质将导致心脏病、中风等疾病，并提出合理的蛋白质摄入量。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“ForthestudyinNatureMetabolism,BettinaMittendorferandcolleaguesfoundthatwhileincreasingtheproportionofproteinindailycalorieintakeisbeneficial,consumingproteintoomuchnotonlydoesn’taddtothedevelopmentofleanmusclebutcancauseunintendednegativehealtheffects.(BettinaMittendorfer及其同事在《自然代谢》杂志上发表的研究发现，虽然增加每日卡路里摄入量中蛋白质的比例是有益的，但摄入过多的蛋白质不仅不会促进瘦肌肉的发育，还会对健康造成意想不到的负面影响。)”可知，摄入过度蛋白质对身体健康不利。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Theresultinghardeningofthearteries(动脉)isaleadingriskfactorforheartattackandstroke.(由此导致的动脉硬化是心脏病发作和中风的主要危险因素。)”可推知，心脏病和中风直接的原因是动脉硬化。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第七段中的“Foranormaladult,20to30gramsofproteinpermeal,or60to90gramsofproteinperdayisadequatetosupporthealth.(对于一个正常的成年人来说，每餐20至30克蛋白质，或每天60至90克蛋白质足以维持健康。)”可知，为了健康，成年人需要摄入适当量（20-30克）的蛋白质。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thestudycombinedhumantrialswithexperimentsinmiceandcells.(该研究将人体试验与小鼠和细胞试验结合起来。)”可知，该研究结合了人类的实验、和老鼠、细胞中的结论。整个研究相对科学、严谨。选A。D“Pleasewouldyoutellme,”askstheheroineofAlice’sAdventuresinWonderland,“whyyourcatgrinslikethat?”AliceissurprisedwhentoldthatallCheshirecatscangrinandthat“mostof‘emdo”.Wecanonlywonder,then,whatshewouldmakeofanewstudythatclaimsthatourpetcatsactuallyhavenearly300facialexpressions—farlargerthanmanyexpertshadexpectedandwhichmayhaveevolvedasaresultofthemlivingalongsidehumans.ThestudyinvolveddozensofcatsbeingfilmedattheCatCafeLoungeinLosAngeles,wherehomelesscatslivetogetherwhileupforadoption.Morespecifically,theyloggedeachoccurrenceof26facialmusclemovements,includingblinksandhalfblinks,noselicks,andvariousearpositions.Theyidentified276combinationsofthosemovements,eachofwhichrepresentsacatfacialexpression.Thatwasnotfarawayfromthe357expressionsasimilarstudyhadpreviouslyseeninchimpanzees,anditeasilybeatthe80fromgibbons(长臂猿).Dogsaresaidtobecapableof27facialmovements.Accordingtotheresearchers,thenumberofcatfacialexpressionswasasurpriseandindicatesahiddendepthtohowcatsexpressthemselves.“ThankstothedevelopmentofFacialActionCodingSystems,wearenowabletouncovercommunicativecomplexityamongmammalsthatmayhavebeenpreviouslyoverlooked.”theysaid.Thestudiesshowedthatabout45percentofthemwereclearlyfriendly:Thesetendedtoinvolveeyesbeingclosedandearsandwhiskers(胡须)beingtiltedforwards,towardsanothercat,duringafriendlyencounter.Another37percentwereobviouslyaggressiveordefensive.Theresearcherssuggestthatpetcatshaveagreaterrangeoffacialexpressionsinpartbecausebeingclosetopeopleoftenalsomeanslivingincloseplaceswithothercats—andbeingabletocommunicatecanavoidconflict.Andtheybelieveitshouldbepossibletoreadmoresubtlemessages.“Weplantostudyhowcatsproducefacialsignalsduringspecificinteractions,suchasplay,fighting,andsoon.”12.Whatdoparagraph1and2mainlytellus?A.Aliceactuallymadeastudyoncats’grins.B.Catsareoftenheroesinfamousfairytales.C.AlicehasacatinAlice’sAdventuresinWonderland.D.Peopledonotknowmuchaboutcatsfacialexpressions.13.Whydoestheauthormentionchimpanzeesanddogs?A.Toshowthattheseanimalsareallmammals.B.Toshowthatcatscanexpressthemselvesinspecialways.C.Toshowthatcatsareclevererthanchimpanzeesanddogs.D.Toshowthatcatshaveunbelievablequantitiesoffacialexpressions.14.Whatdoesthestudysayaboutthecats’facialexpressions?A.Eyesbeingclosedtoanothercatisdefensive.B.Almostallthecatfacialexpressionsarefriendly.C.Livingwithhumansinfluencescats’facialexpression.D.Cats’facialexpressionscanberegardedasjustsimple.15.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.CatsPull276DifferentFaces. B.MostoftheCatsCanGrin.C.TheWaysCatsProduceFacialSignals. D.Cats’FacialMuscleMovement.【答案】12.D13.D14.C15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，研究发现猫咪的面部表情的数量比人们预想要多，研究者确定了猫具有276种表情，面部表情的形成和与人类共处有关。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段““Pleasewouldyoutellme,”askstheheroineofAlice’sAdventuresinWonderland,“whyyourcatgrinslikethat?”AliceissurprisedwhentoldthatallCheshirecatscangrinandthat“mostof‘emdo”.(‘请你告诉我，’《爱丽丝梦游仙境》的女主角问道，‘为什么你的猫笑成那样？’当爱丽丝被告知所有柴郡猫都会咧嘴笑，而且‘大多数都会’时，她感到很惊讶。)”和第二段“Wecanonlywonder,then,whatshewouldmakeofanewstudythatclaimsthatourpetcatsactuallyhavenearly300facialexpressions—farlargerthanmanyexpertshadexpectedandwhichmayhaveevolvedasaresultofthemlivingalongsidehumans.(我们只能好奇，她会如何看待一项新的研究，该研究声称我们的宠物猫实际上有近300种面部表情——远远超过许多专家的预期，这可能是它们与人类生活在一起的结果。)”可知，一、二两段主要告诉我们人们对猫咪面部表情知晓不多。故选D。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Wecanonlywonder,then,whatshewouldmakeofanewstudythatclaimsthatourpetcatsactuallyhavenearly300facialexpressions—farlargerthanmanyexpertshadexpectedandwhichmayhaveevolvedasaresultofthemlivingalongsidehumans.(我们只能好奇，她会如何看待一项新的研究，该研究声称我们的宠物猫实际上有近300种面部表情——远远超过许多专家的预期，这可能是它们与人类生活在一起的结果。)”、第四段“Thatwasnotfarawayfromthe357expressionsasimilarstudyhadpreviouslyseeninchimpanzees,anditeasilybeatthe80fromgibbons(长臂猿).Dogsaresaidtobecapableof27facialmovements.(这与之前在黑猩猩中发现的357种表情相差不远，而且轻松超过了长臂猿的80种表情。据说狗能做出27种面部动作。)”、第五段中“Accordingtotheresearchers,thenumberofcatfacialexpressionswasasurpriseandindicatesahiddendepthtohowcatsexpressthemselves.(据研究人员称，猫面部表情的数量令人惊讶，这表明猫表达自己的方式有一个隐藏的深度。)”可知，上文提到猩猩、长臂猿、狗等动物是为了对比突出猫咪的面部表情之多。故选D。14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Theresearcherssuggestthatpetcatshaveagreaterrangeoffacialexpressionsinpartbecausebeingclosetopeopleoftenalsomeanslivingincloseplaceswithothercats—andbeingabletocommunicatecanavoidconflict.(研究人员认为，宠物猫的面部表情范围更广，部分原因是与人亲近通常也意味着与其他猫生活在近距离的地方——能够交流可以避免冲突。)”可知，与人类一起生活会影响猫的面部表情。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据文章第二段“Wecanonlywonder,then,whatshewouldmakeofanewstudythatclaimsthatourpetcatsactuallyhavenearly300facialexpressions—farlargerthanmanyexpertshadexpectedandwhichmayhaveevolvedasaresultofthemlivingalongsidehumans.(我们只能好奇，她会如何看待一项新的研究，该研究声称我们的宠物猫实际上有近300种面部表情——远远超过许多专家的预期，这可能是它们与人类生活在一起的结果。)”以及第三段“ThestudyinvolveddozensofcatsbeingfilmedattheCatCafeLoungeinLosAngeles,wherehomelesscatslivetogetherwhileupforadoption.Morespecifically,theyloggedeachoccurrenceof26facialmusclemovements,includingblinksandhalfblinks,noselicks,andvariousearpositions.Theyidentified276combinationsofthosemovements,eachofwhichrepresentsacatfacialexpression.(这项研究涉及数十只猫，它们在洛杉矶的猫咖啡馆休息室被拍摄下来，在那里，无家可归的猫在等待收养时住在一起。更具体地说，他们记录了26种面部肌肉运动，包括眨眼和半眨眼、舔鼻子和不同的耳朵位置。他们确定了这些动作的276种组合，每一种都代表一种猫的面部表情。)”可知，文章介绍了研究发现猫咪的面部表情的数量很多，研究者确定了猫具有276种表情。A选项“CatsPull276DifferentFaces.(猫有276张不同的脸。)”能够概括文章主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everyoneknowsmemoryfailsasyouage.____16____Short-termmemorycontainsthecontentsofyourthoughtsrightnow,whichiseasilydisturbedordisrupted.Itdependsonyouractivelypayingattentiontotheitemsthatareinthe“nextthingtodo”fileinyourmind.Ourabilityoftheshort-termmemorydeclinesslightlywitheverydecadeafter30.____17____Someaspectsofmemoryactuallygetbetterasweage.Forinstance,ourabilitytoextractpatterns,regularitiesandtomakeaccuratepredictionsimprovesovertimebecausewe’vehadmoreexperience.____18____So,howdoweaccountforoursubjectiveexperiencethatolderadultsseemtostrugglewithwordsandnames?____19____Ourbraincapacitytodealwithinformationanddatadoessufferwiththeageingprocess.Butgivenalittlemoretime,olderadultsperformjustfine.Then,olderadultshavetosearchthroughmorememoriesthanyoungeradultstofindthetargetinformation.Yourbrainbecomescrowdedwithmemoriesandinformation.____20____It’sjustthatthereissomuchmoreinformationtosortthrough.Andexperiencingnewthingsisthebestwaytokeepthemindyoung.A.Buteveryoneiswrong.B.It’snotthatyoucan’tremember.C.Obviously,ourmemoriesgetcrowdedaswegrowolder.D.Butageisnotthemajorfactorsocommonlyassumed.E.First,thereisageneralizedcognitiveslowingwithage.F.Forexample,aseniorsoccerplayeralwaysoutperformsagreenhand.G.Ifyou’regoingtogetanX-ray,youwanta70-year-oldradiologist,nota30-year-oldone.【答案】16.A17.D18.G19.E20.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探究人的记忆力与年龄之间的关系，分析得出人的记忆不一定随着年龄增长而衰退，并解释现象背后的原因。【16题详解】由上文“Everyoneknowsmemoryfailsasyouage.(每个人都知道，随着年龄的增长，记忆力会衰退。)”可知，这句话提出了一个普遍认知，即随着年龄增长记忆力会衰退，由后文“Short-termmemorycontainsthecontentsofyourthoughtsrightnow,whichiseasilydisturbedordisrupted.Itdependsonyouractivelypayingattentiontotheitemsthatareinthe“nextthingtodo”fileinyourmind.(短期记忆包含了你现在的想法，它很容易被干扰或破坏。这取决于你积极地关注那些在你脑海中“下一件事要做”文件中的项目。)”可知，前文的这种说法会被否定或修正，故A选项“Buteveryoneiswrong.(但每个人都错了。)”适合作为对这一普遍观点的反驳，能承上启下，符合题意。故选A。【17题详解】由上文“Short-termmemorycontainsthecontentsofyourthoughtsrightnow,whichiseasilydisturbedordisrupted.(短期记忆包含了你现在的想法，它很容易被干扰或破坏。)”可知，讲述了短期记忆的特点及其随年龄增长的轻微下降，下文应转而讲述记忆的另一面，即并非所有记忆都随年龄衰退，故D选项“Butageisnotthemajorfactorsocommonlyassumed.(但年龄并不是人们普遍认为的主要因素)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选D。【18题详解】由上文“Forinstance,ourabilitytoextractpatterns,regularitiesandtomakeaccuratepredictionsimprovesovertimebecausewe’vehadmoreexperience.(例如，我们提取模式、规律和做出准确预测的能力随着时间的推移而提高，因为我们有了更多的经验。)”可知，提到了随年龄增长，我们提取模式、规律及做出准确预测的能力会提升，这里需要一个具体例子来支撑这个观点，故G选项“Ifyou’regoingtogetanX-ray,youwanta70-year-oldradiologist,nota30-year-oldone.(如果你要做X光检查，你需要70岁的放射科医生，而不是30岁的。)”通过实例说明了经验丰富的老医生更受欢迎，能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。【19题详解】由上文“So,howdoweaccountforoursubjectiveexperiencethatolderadultsseemtostrugglewithwordsandnames?(那么，我们如何解释老年人似乎在单词和名字上挣扎的主观体验呢？)”可知，这里询问为何老年人在语言和命名上似乎有困难，下文应提供解释，故E选项“First,thereisageneralizedcognitiveslowingwithage.(首先，随着年龄的增长，认知能力普遍放缓。)”能承接上文，给出了一个可能的原因，即认知速度的减缓，符合题意。故选E。【20题详解】由上文“Then,olderadultshavetosearchthroughmorememoriesthanyoungeradultstofindthetargetinformation.Yourbrainbecomescrowdedwithmemoriesandinformation.(然后，老年人必须比年轻人搜索更多的记忆来找到目标信息。你的大脑充满了记忆和信息。)”可知，上文描述了随着年龄增长，大脑中累积的记忆和信息增多，接下来应该进一步解释这种现象，由后文“It’sjustthatthereissomuchmoreinformationtosortthrough.Andexperiencingnewthingsisthebestwaytokeepthemindyoung.(只是有太多的信息需要整理。体验新鲜事物是保持思维年轻的最好方法。)”可知，这种现象不是因为人们记不住了，故B选项“It’snotthatyoucan’tremember.(并不是你记不住了。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选B。第三部分：语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Believeitornot,Ihatebirthdays.Firstofallyoukeepgetting____21____,andsecondyoualwaysgetpresentsyoucan’t____22____.IfIcouldjusthaveanicechocolatecakealltomyself,I’dbeveryhappy.Butno!Ihavereceivedmoreties,pajamas,umbrellas,andglovesthanyoucanimagine.Ikeepallmyunwantedgiftspiledneatlyinacornerofmycloset.IfIneedoneoftheitems,Idrawfrommystock,butthatisa____23____occurrence.Theresultisthatmypileisquitelarge.Oneday,myAuntGloriacalledme.“Hello,Shelley,”shesaid.“We’rehavingasurprisebirthdaypartyforCousinStove.WillyoubeabletocomeonThursdaythe29that2p.m.?”“Oneminute,whileIlookatmy____24____,”Isaid.“Too____25____,”Ithoughttomyself.“I’mfree.IguessI’llhavetogo.”ToAuntGloria,Isaid,“Yes,thatdaylooksO.K.tome.I’llbethere.ShouldIbringanythingfortheparty?”“No,”answeredAuntGloria,“justbringyourself.”Themorningforthepartyarrived.Aftersomethought,I____26____thatitwouldbepropertobringmy____27____alittlegift.Ithoughtitwouldpleaseher.Ihadagoodstockofgiftsinmy____28____,soIcouldsimplyrewraponeandofferittoher.ItwasgettinglatebythetimeIgotaroundtowrappingit.SoI____29____thefirstboxIsawandwrappeditinahurry.My____30____wereall-therewhenIarrived.Theyweregladtoseeme,andiftheoccasionhadn’tbeenabirthdayparty,IguessIwouldhavebeengladtoseethem.UncleJoetoldmeIhad____31____.“Youlookwonderful,”hesaid.IplowedmywaythroughthecrowdtoAuntGloria.“Here,”Isaidcheerfully,____32____mygift.“Alittlesomethingforyou.”“Oh,that’sverykindofyou,”saidmyaunt.Shebeganto____33____thegift.“Iwonderwh