2024高考英语一轮复习课时提能练30Unit5Thepowerofnature新人教版选修6

-1-课时提能练(三十)Unit5Thepowerofnature课时作业A：基础层面Ⅰ.语境语法填空AJanethasa1.diversity(diverse)ofinterests.Sheespeciallylikesrockclimbing.Unfortunately,shefelloffoneday,becoming2.unconscious(conscious).Shewasimmediatelysenttoahospitalwithgooddoctorsandadvancedmedical3.equipment(equip).Afteracareful4.evaluation(evaluate),theyworkedoutatreatmentplan.Janetcametoherselfafter3days.Hermother's5.anxiety(anxious)wasremovedandsheshowedher6.appreciation(appreciate)fromthebottomofherhearttothedoctorsfortheircareandpatience.BTalentsvary7.frompersontoperson.Tomhasagift8.forlanguages.Forexample,hepicked9.upmuchJapaneseduringhisthree­monthvisittoJapan.BythetimehewavedgoodbyetohisJapanesefriends,hewasabletospeakJapanesefluently.Hiswife,anxious10.abouthissafety,phonedhimfrequentlywhenhewasoverseas,warninghimnevertomake11.his(he)waytoanythingrisky.CThis12.being(be)myfirstvisittoanAfricancountry,Iamscaredandfeelprettyanxious.It13.issaid(say)thatmostblacksareaggressiveanduneducated.Not14.havingmet(meet)anyblackpeoplebefore,IwonderifIcanfitinwiththeircustomsandtradition.15.Howeverchallenginglifeisoverthere,Imustfindwaysmyselftoadapttoitassoonaspossible.Ⅱ.语境短文改错依据P39课文内容，对下面材料进行修改。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。ChangbaishanisatJilinProvince.Itiskeptinitsnaturalstateforvisitorstoenjoyit.Theheightofthelandvaries700metresabovesealeveltoover2,000metres.Itishomeformanyplantsandanimals.Manypeoplecomeheretostudytheuniqueplantsandanimalwhenotherscometoseethespectacularwaterfalls.But,themostpopularattractioninthereserveareTianchi,ortheLakeofHeaven.Ifyouareluckenoughtovisititwithyourlovedone,don'tforgettomakeawishtoguaranteeyourlovewillbeasdeeplyandlastingasthelakeitself.[答案]Changbaishaniseq\f(at,in)JilinProvince.Itiskeptinitsnaturalstateforvisitorstoenjoy.Theheightofthelandvarieseq\s\up(∧,from)700metresabovesealeveltoover2,000metres.Itishomeeq\f(for,to)manyplantsandanimals.Manypeoplecomeheretostudytheuniqueplantsandeq\f(animal,animals)eq\f(when,while)otherscometoseethespectacularwaterfalls.eq\f(But,However)，themostpopularattractioninthereserveeq\f(are,is)Tianchi,ortheLakeofHeaven.Ifyouareeq\f(luck,lucky)enoughtovisititwithyourlovedone,don'tforgettomakeawishtoguaranteeyourlovewillbeaseq\f(deeply,deep)andlastingasthelakeitself.Ⅲ.依据提示补全句子1．工作了两天，史蒂夫如期完成了报告。(现在分词作状语)Havingworkedfortwodays,Stevemanagedtofinishhisreportonschedule.2．我们学校有三个大的多媒体教室，每一间都配备了最新的电脑。(独立主格结构)Wehavethreelargemulti­mediaclassroomsinourschool,eachequippedwiththenewestcomputers．3．他刚要告知我这个隐私，这时有人拍了拍他的肩膀。(beabouttodo...when...)Hewasjustabouttotellmethesecretwhensomeonepattedhimontheshoulder.4．这是因为我们最终相识到它事实上是一种特别环保的生活方式。(because引导的表语从句)Thisisbecausewefinallyrealizedthatitisactuallyaveryeco­friendlywaytolive.5．据报道当今世界上有三千多种语言。(it作形式主语的主语从句)Itisreportedthattherearemorethan3，000languagesintheworldtoday.课时作业B：实力层面Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2024·广东省六校联盟第三次联考)NEWYORK—AmassivewinterstormparalyzedmuchoftheUSEastCoastonThursdayandFriday,dumpingasmuchas46centimetersofsnowfromtheCarolinastoMaine.ItalsocausedfloodingonthestreetsofBostonduetoswellingstormtides,forcedthecancellationofnearly5，000flightsandclosedbusinesses,officesandschools.Somemeteorologists(气象学家)classifiedthestormasa“bombcyclone”foritssharpdropinatmosphericpressurewouldbefollowedimmediatelybyablastofcoldairthatcouldbreakrecordsinmorethantwodozencitiesandbringwindchillsaslowas－40℃duringtheweekend.FromBaltimore,Maryland,toCaribouinMaine,effortswereunderwaytoclearroadwaysoficeandsnowaswindchilltemperaturesweretoplungeduringtheday,reaching－40℃insomepartsaftersundown,accordingtotheNationalWeatherService.UtilitycompaniesacrosstheEastworkedtorepairdownedpowerlinesearlyonFridayasabout21，000customersremainedwithoutelectricity,downfromalmost80，000thedaybefore,andissuedwarningsthattemperaturesmaybecomedangerouslylow.“Ifthetemperatureinyourhomebeginstofall,werecommendtakingshelterelsewhereuntilservicecanberestored.Youcanfindwarmingcentersbycontactinglocalauthorities，”NationalGridpowercompany,whichservesMassachusetts,saidonTwitter.Airlinescanceled4，000flightsonThursdayandhundredsmoreonFriday,accordingtoFlightAware,anonlinetrackingservice.MayorBilldeBlasiosaiditcouldfeellike­30℃onFridayandSaturdaynightswiththewindchill.“Thisisaserious,seriousstorm,andmaybethemostseverein2024，”hesaidatanewsconference.NewYorkGovernorAndrewCuomodeclaredastateofemergencyforthesouthernpartofthestate,whileNewJerseyGovernorChrisChristiedeclaredastateofemergencyforseveralcounties.【语篇解读】本文属于新闻报道。大规模的暴风雨于周四和周五攻击了美国东海岸，给当地的生产和生活造成了严峻影响。1．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheconsequenceofthemassivewinterstorm?A．BreakdownoftheUScoast.B．FloodinginBoston.C．Cancellationofnearly5，000flights.D．Closureinbusiness,offices,andschools.A[细微环节理解题。依据第一段其次句“ItalsocausedfloodingonthestreetsofBostonduetoswellingstormtides,forcedthecancellationofnearly5，000flightsandclosedbusinesses,officesandschools.”可知，受暴风雪的影响，波士顿暴发了洪水，近5000架次的航班被迫取消，企业、办公楼和学校也被迫关闭。只有A项没有提到，故选A。]2．Whydidsomemeteorologistsclassifythiswinterstormas“bombcyclone”？A．Becauseitwillcausechangeableatmosphericpressure.B．Becausethescaleofthisstormcouldbreakrecordsinlotsofcities.C．Becauseofthedeadlyanddestructiveeffectsofthisstorm.D．Becauseoftheextremelycoldairandthewindchillsinthisstorm.D[细微环节理解题。依据其次段可知，一些气象专家将此类风暴归为“炸弹气旋”的缘由是气压的急剧下降，而随后还会有一股冷空气到来，打破了20多座城市的记录，导致周末时气温低至－40℃。故选D。]3．Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheunderlinedword“plunge”inPara.3?A．Declinesteadily.B．Dropdramatically.C．Fluctuateviolently.D．Fallmoderately.B[词义揣测题。依据第三段第一句“...windchilltemperaturesweretoplungeduringtheday,reaching－40℃insomepartsaftersundown...”可知，一些地区的风寒温度在日落后会降到－40℃。据此可知，画线词的含义为“突然下降”，故选B。]4．Abouttherescuework,whichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?A．Peopleweremakinggreateffortstoridroadwaysoficeandsnow.B．About101thousandpeoplewereleftwithoutelectricityonThursday.C．Residentscanstayinwarmingcentersuntilheatingserviceisrestored.D．Aviationservicehasn'tbeenbroughtbacktonormalyetuntilFriday.B[细微环节理解题。依据第三段可知，人们正在加紧清理路面上的冰雪，故解除A项；依据第五段前两句可知，在供暖服务复原之前，居民可以住在供暖中心，故解除C项；依据第六段可知，航班服务仍旧没有复原正常，故解除D项。依据第四段内容可知，周五早些时候，电力公司都在努力修复被击落的电线，当时大约有21000家没有电，比前一天的差不多80000削减了，故可知周四没有电的不是101000家。故选B。]B(2024·石家庄市毕业班教学质量检测)Mostdogownersareconvincedthattheirfour­leggedfriendsknowexactlywhattheymeanwhentheyusecertainwordslike“sit”，“stay”or“treat”.However,researchershavealwayswonderedwhetherdogsreallyunderstandhumanspeechoriftheyrelyonotherinformationtogetthemeaning.Forexample,doestheword“fetch”formapictureofastickorballinthedog'smind,ordoesthedogbringbacktheobjectbasedontheowner'svoiceorgesture?AnewstudybyscientistsatAtlanta'sEmoryUniversityseemstoindicatethat“man'sbestfriend”doesindeedknowwhattheownerissaying.Theresearchersbeganbyaskingtheownersoftwelvedogsofvariouskindstotraintheirpetstoidentifytwotoysofdifferentmaterials,suchasatoyanimalandaball.Oncethedogshadmasteredthetask,theytookturnsinsideaspecialscanner.Theownersthentestedtheirdog'slanguageskillbyfirstcallingoutthenamesofthetoystheyhadbeentrainedtorecognizeandthensayingmeaninglesswordssuchas“bobbu”and“bodmick”whileholdinguprandomobjectsthedogshadn'tseenbefore.Thescanssuggestedthatthepartsofthedogs'brainsresponsibleforprocessingsoundsshoweddifferentbrainpatternswhentheyheardwordstheywerefamiliarwith,comparedwiththeonestheyhadneverheardbefore.Whilethatwasnotenoughtoprovethatthedogswerepicturingtheirtoyswhentheyheardtheword,itdidindicatesomesortofrecognition.Theresearchersbelievethisisanimportantstepinunderstandinghowdogsprocesslanguage.Somethingevenmoreinterestingwasthatthedog'sbrainsshowedahigherlevelofneural(神经的)activityatthesoundofunknownwords.Thisistheexactoppositeofwhathappensinhumanbrains,whichgetmoreactiveatthesoundoffamiliarwords.Theresearcherssaythedogsmaybecomecheerfulatthesoundofnewwordstotrytounderstandtheminthehopeofdelightingtheirmasters.“Dogswanttopleasetheirowners,andperhapsalsowanttoreceivepraiseorfood，”saysEmoryneuroscientistGregoryBerns,seniorauthorofthestudy.However,thoughyourpetmayunderstandhumanspeech,thescientistsrecommendusingvisualsignalsandsmellfortraining.“Whenpeoplewanttoteachtheirdogatrick,theyoftenusespokencommandsbecausethat'swhatwehumansprefer，”Prichardsays.“Fromthedog'sview,however,avisualcommandmightbemoreeffective,helpingthedoglearnthetrickfaster.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。一项新的探讨表明，狗的确能理解主子说的话。5．What'sthepurposeofthenewstudy?A．Toconvincedogownerstounderstandtheirdogs.B．Toadvisedogownerstotreattheirdogskindly.C．Toprovedogsfollowowners'orderbylistening.D．Totestouthowdogsgetinformationfromowners.D[细微环节理解题。依据第一段尾句“AnewstudybyscientistsatAtlanta'sEmoryUniversityseemstoindicatethat‘man'sbestfriend’doesindeedknowwhattheownerissaying”可知，亚特兰大的埃默里高校的科学家进行的一项新探讨好像表明，“人类最好的挚友”的确知道主子在说什么，并结合全文可知，该探讨的目的是测试狗是如何理解主子的话的，故D项正确。]6．WhatdoestheauthorintendtodoinParagraph2?A．Informtheresultoftheresearch.B．Statetheprocessoftheresearch.C．Stresstheimportanceoftheresearch.D．Introducethesubjectsoftheresearch.B[写作意图题。依据其次段第一句“Theresearchersbeganbyaskingtheownersoftwelvedogsofvariouskindstotraintheirpetstoidentifytwotoysofdifferentmaterials,suchasatoyanimalandaball”并结合该段内容可知，该段主要介绍了进行探讨的过程，包括让不同品种的狗识别不同材料的玩具等，据此可知，该段旨在介绍探讨过程，故B项正确。]7．Howdohumanbrainsanddogbrainsreacttowords?A．Humanbrainsbecomeactiveinunfamiliarwords.B．Dogbrainsbecomedelightedatunfamiliarwords.C．Humanbrainsarenotsensitivetofamiliarwords.D．Dogbrainsshownoresponsetofamiliarwords.B[细微环节理解题。依据第四段前两句“Somethingevenmoreinteresting...Thisistheexactoppositeofwhathappensinhumanbrains,whichgetmoreactiveatthesoundoffamiliarwords”可知，对于不熟识的单词，狗的大脑呈现出高水平的神经活动，而人类的大脑相反，故B项正确。]8．Whatdoscientistsadvisetheownerstodoindogtraining?A．Givedogsoralcommands.B．Teachdogsnewtricks.C．Involvesightandsmell.D．Encouragefasterlearning.C[细微环节理解题。依据尾段第一句“However,thoughyourpetmayunderstandhumanspeech,thescientistsrecommendusingvisualsignalsandsmellfortraining”可知，尽管狗可能理解人类的语言，但科学家们建议运用视觉信号和嗅觉来训练它们，故C项正确。]Ⅱ.阅读七选五(2024·长沙市统一模拟)Itisnotassimpleasopeningthedoorandhittingthetrackinwinter.Thereareafewthingsyoucandotoensureyouaregettingthemostoutofyourrunand,importantly,notdoingmoreharmthangood.Warmup,cooldown1.Yourmusclesneedsometimetowarmupwhenit'scold,sotakeiteasywhenyousetoffanddoafewstretchesonceyou'refinished.DrinkwaterYoumightnotfeelhot,butthat'sbecausesweatevaporates(蒸发)morequicklyintothechilly,dryair.Sobesuretodrinkwaterbefore,duringandaftercold­weatherworkouts.2.Abeltbottleconvenientlyattachestoyourwaistsoyoudon'thavetocarryitandcanhaveadrinkwheneveryoufeellikeit.3Runningincottonisabadidea.Wearthin,breathablelayersofsynthetic(合成的)clothingthathelpprotectyoufromthewindandsnow,butstillletoutheatandmoisture.Thirtypercentofyourbodyheatescapesthroughyourhandsandfortypercentthroughyourhead.Wearahat,orbeanie(无檐小便帽),andglovessoyourcirculatorysystemcandistributewarmbloodtotherestofyourbody.4．Runintothewind5.Obviously,itwillbeaneasierpassagehomewithsomeextrahelpfromMotherNature.But,moreimportantly,youwon'thavethewindinyourfaceforthesecondhalfofyourrun,whenyouaremorelikelytobesweatingandcatchachill.A．DressrightB．KeepwarmC．Don'tgotoofast,toosoonD．StartandfinishinthesamewayE．Don'twaittodrinkwateruntilyoufeelthirstyF．HeadoutintothewindandcomehomewithitatyourbackG．Onreallycolddays,wearamaskorscarfoveryourmouthtoprotectyourface【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了冬季室外跑步的一些留意事项，包括做好热身运动、留意饮水以及穿合适的衣物等。1．C[依据该段小标题Warmup,cooldown以及空后的“Yourmusclesneedsometimetowarmup”可知，C项符合语境。]2．E[依据段落小标题Drinkwater并结合空前一句“Sobesuretodrinkwaterbefore,duringandaftercold­weatherworkouts”可知，E项“不要等到你感到口渴的时候才喝水”符合语境，连接上文。]3．A[依据空处所在位置以及文章结构可知，空处为段落小标题；通读该段可知，本段主要是讲跑步时的穿着，故选A项。]4．G[空处所在段讲的是冬季室外跑步的着装要求，故G项与此处匹配。]5．F[依据本段的小标题Runintothewind并结合空后一句可知，跑步回家时顺着风，让风在你背后推着你走，故F项符合语境。]Ⅲ.语法填空(2024·陕西省部分学校摸底检测)Manyofmyfriendslikefallandtakeitastheirfavoriteseason.Lastweekend,Iwentoutdoorsandsoon1.(find)adeeperappreciationforthisseason.Thechangeofleafcolorsisacommonreasongiven2.theloveoffall.Eachtreereacts3.(different)tothechangeoftheseason.Someshedtheirleavesinhopesofreproducing;however,other4.(tree)remaingreenforaslongaspossibletogainadditionalenergyfromthesuntosurvivethewinter.Thiseffect5.(call)theflight­or­fightresponse.Fallisatimeof6.(reflect)andpreparationfortheyearahead.Ihavefoundameaningoffallforme.I'm7.18­year­oldboyinthefinalyearofhighschoolandmylifeisaworkinprogress.TherearetimesIwanttogiveup,butthenIlookaroundmeandrealizelifekeeps8.(move).Thenaturalcycleoflifeisbeautifulanddoesn'tstopgrowingsoIhavetolearntokeepup.Themeaningoffallisdifferentforeachperson.Iencourageyou9.(go)outtofollowsomepathor