山东省威海市2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题 含解析

高二英语本试卷共10页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考生号填写在答题卡上。2.选择题，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑：如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。笔答题，用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodotonight?A.Enjoyashow.B.Makesomecoffee.C.Setofffireworks.2.WhatisTheCatGod?A.Asong.B.Amovie.C.Adrama.3.WhydoesthewomansupportJim?A.He’sresponsible.B.He’shard-working.C.He’sexperienced.4.Wherewillthewomantakehersonthenextday?A.Acampingsite.B.Awildlifepark.C.Adanceschool.5.Whichperformancedoesthemanprefer?A.Themagicshow.B.Thecrosstalk.C.Thefolkdance.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whyisthewomantakingacourseincomputerscience?A.Forherinterest.B.Foragame.C.Forfurtherstudy.7.Whatcoursewillthemanprobablychoose?A.Ayogacourse.B.Achesscourse.C.Acomputercourse.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.Tointroduceafestival.B.Toseeksomeadvice.C.Tosendaninvitation.9Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Gotothelibrary.B.Giveapresentation.C.Preparedifferentliquids.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatisthewoman’smainproblem?A.Toomuchstress.B.Poortimemanagement.C.Lackoffocus.11.Whatistheman’sfirstadviceforthewoman?A.Settingrealisticgoals.B.Makingadailyschedule.C.Focusingonthemostimportanttasks.12.Whatdoesthe“A”in“SMARTgoals”standfor?AAttractive.B.Adaptable.C.Achievable.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WhatwasMr.Gehrymostlikelytobefiveyearsago?A.Avolunteer.B.Ananimalexpert.C.Asoftwareengineer.14.WhatwasthebiggestprobleminsettingupWarmNest?A.Gettingapermit.B.Raisingenoughmoney.C.Formingasupportiveteam.15.HowmanyvolunteerswerethereinWarmNestfiveyearsago?A.Aroundten.B.Aroundfifty.C.Aroundonehundred.16.WhatisthedailyfocusofWarmNest?A.Buildinghomesforanimals.B.Givingtreatmenttoanimals.C.Offeringpetownerstraining.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatmakestheLakeDistrictfamousaccordingtothesurvey?A.Itssocialmediainfluence.B.Itsuniqueattractions.C.Itsplentyoflakes.18.WhatisrecommendedtowintervisitorsintheLakeDistrict?A.Enjoyingwatersportsactivities.B.VisitingplacesforpostcardDIY.C.Tryingpubswithdeliciousroasts.19.HowcanavisitorsavemoneybyDecember2024?A.Bygettingonlinediscounts.B.Bytravellingasafamilyunit.C.Bybuyingtwo-poundbustickets.20.Whatisthepurposeofthetalk?A.TolistpopularlakesintheUK.B.ToattractvisitorstotheLakeDistrict.C.TointroducewinteractivitiesintheLakeDistrict.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ARecentlyOxfordDictionariesreleasedthisyear’slistofnewwordsthatduetopopularusehadmadetheirwayintothedictionary;proofoftheirwidespreadexistence.ThinglishKidsin2025findwholesentencesdifficult,sohavedoneawaywithverbsandadjectivescompletelytocommunicateusingjustnouns—viasocialmediaplatforms.Mostparentsdopointoutthatteenagershaveinfactbeencommunicatinginsinglewordsfordecades,sothisdoesn’treallyfeeltoodifferent.DronershipTheinformal“finderskeepers”lawthatmeansifadrone(无人机)crashlandsinyourbackyard,thenit’syours.Intendedtobearesponsetowayward(任性的)andcarelessdroneoperators,governmentshaverefusedtomakethelawofficial,astheyareconcerneditwillencourageresidentstoactivelytryandbringdowndronesbyanymeanspossible.SpudditeApersonwhorefusestolearnhowtouseapotatoforlighting.Alsoknownas“starch-enemies”,theseindividualsareoftenmanufacturers(制造商)oflightbulbs,whohaveseentheirmarketsharedecreasesharplyeversinceitwasfoundthatpotatoescouldbeusedtolighthomes,officesandevenstreets.Withapotatousing733%lessenergythananenergysavingbulb,it’snothardtoseewhythey’dbethatfrustrated…1.WhatmightbethemainreasonbehindtheappearanceofThinglish?A.Theeaseoflanguageuse. B.Thelong-standinghabit.C.Thedeclineinvocabulary. D.Theoveruseofsocialmedia.2.Whomightbecalled“starchenemies”?A.Potatofarmers. B.Crasheddronekeepers.C.Lightbulbproducers. D.Single-wordcommunicators.3.Whyarethesewordsincludedindictionaries?A.Becauseofculturalinfluence. B.Becauseoftheiruniqueness.C.Becauseoflanguageevolution. D.Becauseoftheirwidespreadusage.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了三个被收入《牛津词典》的新词。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Kidsin2025findwholesentencesdifficult,sohavedoneawaywithverbsandadjectivescompletelytocommunicateusingjustnouns—viasocialmediaplatforms.Mostparentsdopointoutthatteenagershaveinfactbeencommunicatinginsinglewordsfordecades,sothisdoesn’treallyfeeltoodifferent.(2025年的孩子会发现完整的句子很困难，所以他们已经完全放弃了动词和形容词，只使用名词交流——通过社交媒体平台。大多数父母确实指出，青少年实际上几十年来一直在用单一的词语交流，所以这感觉上并没有太大的不同)”可知，Thinglish出现的主要原因是语言的易用性。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Alsoknownas“starch-enemies”,theseindividualsareoftenmanufacturers(制造商)oflightbulbs,whohaveseentheirmarketsharedecreasesharplyeversinceitwasfoundthatpotatoescouldbeusedtolighthomes,officesandevenstreets.(这些人也被称为“淀粉敌人”，他们通常是灯泡的制造商，自从人们发现土豆可以用来为家庭、办公室甚至街道照明以来，他们的市场份额急剧下降)”可知，灯泡生产商可能被称为“淀粉敌人”。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“RecentlyOxfordDictionariesreleasedthisyear’slistofnewwordsthatduetopopularusehadmadetheirwayintothedictionary;proofoftheirwidespreadexistence.(最近，《牛津词典》公布了今年因广泛使用而被收入词典的新词名单；证明其广泛存在)”可知，这些词被收录在字典里是因为它们的广泛使用。故选D。BWhenIfirstjoinedFacebook,Isawitasacoolwaytokeepintouchwithmyfriendsandfamily.Intheearlydays,IhadlargelypositiveviewsandfeelingswhenIwentontheapp.Butovertime,thingschangedfortheworse.Besidesgettingboredoftheapp,otherbigproblemscameup.Firstly,Facebookweakenedmycreativity.BecauseIwasspendingsomuchtimeonFacebook,Iwasn’tdoinganywherenearasmuchasIcouldhavebeenwithmybigcreativedreamsandideas.AndevenwhenIdid,itwasinserviceofsocialmedia(forexample,ItookphotosthatwouldgetlikesfrommyFacebookfriendsinsteadofwhatIactuallywantedtocapture).FacebookalsomademefeelintenseFOMO(FearOfMissingOut),especiallywhenIsawhoweveryoneelsewasdoing.Forexample,Iquitmyjobandstartedmyfirstbusinessatatimewhenmyfriendsweregettingjobpromotions.WhileIknewthatleavingmyjobwastherightlong-termdecision,Iwasalsobrokeatthetime.Combinethatwithothersgettingpayrises,etc.,andyoucanseetheproblemhere.IalsofeltlikeIhadtopostwheneverIdidanythinginteresting.Forexample,ifIwastraveling,IhadtotellmyfriendswhereIwasgoing.SincedeletingFacebook,I’mmuchhappiernotfeelinglikeIneedtoshareallofmylife.ThisisoneofthebiggestmistakesyoucouldmakeonFacebook.DeletingmyFacebookaccountwasahugedecision,butIcansaywithcertaintythatitwasoneofmybestlong-termdecisions.Ihavebetterrelationshipswiththepeoplewhomatter,andI’mnolongerexposedtoanywherenearasmuchnegativityasIwas.Notoversharingmypersonallifeisalsoahugeadvantage.Isuggestdeletingyouraccountforthreemonthsandseeinghowyoufeelthereafter;ifyouenjoyyourlifeoffline,don’thesitatetopermanentlydeleteit.4.WhydidtheauthorstarttouseFacebook?A.Tostrengthenbonds. B.Toshareupdates.C.Toinspirecreativity. D.Togetlatestnews.5.WhatmadetheauthorfeelFOMO?A.Startingthefirstbusiness. B.Noticingthegapwithfriends.C.Strugglingtomakealiving. D.Losingtrackofformerfriends.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“This”refertoinparagraph4?A.Sharingallthelife. B.Postingsomethinginteresting.C.DeletingFacebook. D.Tellingfriendstraveldestinations.7.What’sthepurposeofthetext?A.Todiscusssocialmedia’sadvance. B.TolistnegativeeffectsofFacebook.C.Torecommendasocialmediadetox. D.TourgeimmediateremovalofFacebook.【答案】4.A5.B6.A7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者使用脸书（Facebook）的经历、感受以及最终决定删除脸书账户的原因。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“WhenIfirstjoinedFacebook,Isawitasacoolwaytokeepintouchwithmyfriendsandfamily.(当我第一次加入Facebook时，我认为这是一种与朋友和家人保持联系的很酷的方式)”可知，作者开始使用Facebook是为了加强联系。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“FacebookalsomademefeelintenseFOMO(FearOfMissingOut),especiallywhenIsawhoweveryoneelsewasdoing.Forexample,Iquitmyjobandstartedmyfirstbusinessatatimewhenmyfriendsweregettingjobpromotions.WhileIknewthatleavingmyjobwastherightlong-termdecision,Iwasalsobrokeatthetime.Combinethatwithothersgettingpayrises,etc.,andyoucanseetheproblemhere.(Facebook也让我产生了强烈的FOMO（害怕错过），尤其是当我看到其他人是怎么做的时候。例如，当我的朋友们升职的时候，我辞去了工作，开始了我的第一次创业。虽然我知道，从长远来看，辞职是正确的决定，但当时我也身无分文。把这一点与其他人加薪等结合起来，你就能看到问题所在了)”可知，注意到与朋友之间的差距让作者产生了FOMO。故选B。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“IalsofeltlikeIhadtopostwheneverIdidanythinginteresting.Forexample,ifIwastraveling,IhadtotellmyfriendswhereIwasgoing.SincedeletingFacebook,I’mmuchhappiernotfeelinglikeIneedtoshareallofmylife.(我也觉得只要我做了什么有趣的事情，我就必须发布。例如，如果我要去旅行，我必须告诉我的朋友我要去哪里。自从删除了Facebook后，我更开心了，因为我不需要分享我所有的生活)”可知，作者曾经喜欢在Facebook上分享自己的生活，自从删除了Facebook后，不需要分享所有的生活了，所以作者认为在Facebook上可能犯的最大错误之一是分享生活。故划线词指的是“分享生活”。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“DeletingmyFacebookaccountwasahugedecision,butIcansaywithcertaintythatitwasoneofmybestlong-termdecisions.Ihavebetterrelationshipswiththepeoplewhomatter,andI’mnolongerexposedtoanywherenearasmuchnegativityasIwas.Notoversharingmypersonallifeisalsoahugeadvantage.Isuggestdeletingyouraccountforthreemonthsandseeinghowyoufeelthereafter;ifyouenjoyyourlifeoffline,don’thesitatetopermanentlydeleteit.(删除我的Facebook账户是一个重大的决定，但我可以肯定地说，这是我最好的长期决定之一。我和重要的人有了更好的关系，我也不再像以前那样暴露在任何地方的消极情绪中。不过度分享我的个人生活也是一个巨大的优势。我建议删除你的账户三个月，然后看看你感觉如何；如果你喜欢离线生活，不要犹豫，把它永久删除吧)”以及文章主要讲述了作者使用脸书（Facebook）的经历、感受以及最终决定删除脸书账户的原因。可知，文章的目的是建议戒掉社交媒体。故选C。CLastyear,thewordtodescribemuchoftheriseinfoodpriceswouldhavebeen“heatflation”,asdroughtandhightemperaturesaffectedcropyields(生产量)aroundtheworld,fromoliveoilinSpaintocabbageinSouthKorea.Thisyear,we’refacingadifferentconcept.Let’scallit“sogflation.”Ifheatflationreferstopriceincreasesasaresultofextremelyhightemperatures,sogflationisbornoutofextremeprecipitation.AreportpublishedinAprilshowedthatwhileEuropeexperiencedthehighestnumberofdayswithextremeheatstress,itwasalsooneofthewettestperiodsonrecordformanyplaces.Potatoesareattheforefrontofsogflation.Withjustoneplantingandoneharvestperyear.theconditionshavetobejustright.ButlastautumnpoorweatherconditionsforcedharvestingtostopinEuropeafterjustthreeweeks,aswetsoilmeantfarmerscouldn’tgetcropsoutoftheground.Europeanseatamongthehighestquantityofpotatoesperpersonofanyregionintheworld—about90kilogramsonaverageayear.Englishwhitepotatopricesareup81%year-over-year,anall-timehigh.InEurope,theNetherlandsandBelgium—twokeyregionsthatgrowprocessingpotatoesforfries—weretheworstaffected,withDutchprocessingpotatopricesattheirhighestlevelrecordedforUS$397permetricton.It’snotjustvegetablesandgrainsaffectedbythewetweather.Livestock(家畜)farmershaveseenhighdeathratesinlambs,whiledairycowsinaffectedareasareunabletobeturnedoutongrassreducingmilkyieldsandraisingproductioncosts.Foodproductionhasalwaysbeenatthemercyoftheelements.ButHarryCampbell,amarketanalyst,saidthat,asconsecutive(连续的)yearsofbadweatherpileup,it’sincreasinglyhardtorecoverfromapoorseason.Supplychainswillneedtobemoreflexible.andultimatelymorecomplex,tokeepfoodsuppliessecureatatimewhenonesuppliercouldbefacingfloodsandanotheraseriousdrought.8.Whatledto“sogflation”?A.Intenseheat. B.Seriousdrought. C.Heavyrainfall. D.Severeinsectdamage.9.WhatwastheimpactofbadweatheronpotatoesinEurope?A.Increaseddeathrate. B.Delayednewplanting.C.Shortergrowthcycle. D.Shorterharvestingperiod.10.Howwillconsecutivebadweatherinfluencethefoodsupply?A.Itwillleadtoanincreaseinthevarietyofcrops.BItwillforceEuropetorelymoreonfoodimports.C.Itwillrequiresimplerandmoreflexiblesupplychains.D.Itwillbeharderforcropsandrelatedindustriestorecover.11.Whatmightbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.FromDroughttoFlood B.FoodShortageontheWayC.SayingGoodbyetoCheapChips D.ExtremeWeatherandRisingPrices【答案】8.C9.D10.D11.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了极端天气对农作物价格及供应链的影响。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Thisyear,we’refacingadifferentconcept.Let’scallit“sogflation.”Ifheatflationreferstopriceincreasesasaresultofextremelyhightemperatures,sogflationisbornoutofextremeprecipitation.(今年，我们面对的是一个不同的概念。我们称之为“水通胀”。如果热通胀指的是极端高温导致的价格上涨，那么极端降水就会导致水通胀)”可知，“sogflation”是由于强降雨造成的。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“ButlastautumnpoorweatherconditionsforcedharvestingtostopinEuropeafterjustthreeweeks,aswetsoilmeantfarmerscouldn’tgetcropsoutoftheground.(但去年秋天，恶劣的天气条件迫使欧洲的收获仅仅进行了三周就停止了，因为潮湿的土壤意味着农民无法从地里收获庄稼)”可知，糟糕的天气缩短了欧洲土豆的收获期。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“ButHarryCampbell,amarketanalyst,saidthat,asconsecutive(连续的)yearsofbadweatherpileup,it’sincreasinglyhardtorecoverfromapoorseason.(但市场分析师哈里•坎贝尔表示，随着连续数年恶劣天气的累积，从一个糟糕的季节中恢复越来越困难)”可知，连续恶劣天气对食品供应的影响在于使农作物和相关产业恢复困难。故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Thisyear,we’refacingadifferentconcept.Let’scallit“sogflation.”Ifheatflationreferstopriceincreasesasaresultofextremelyhightemperatures,sogflationisbornoutofextremeprecipitation.(今年，我们面对的是一个不同的概念。我们称之为“水通胀”。如果热通胀指的是极端高温导致的价格上涨，那么极端降水就会导致水通胀)”以及文章主要讲述了极端天气对农作物价格及供应链的影响。可知，D选项“极端天气和价格上涨”最符合文章标题。故选D。DOnacoldeveningin2016,GreatBasinslippedoutoftheshadowsandapproachedwhatlookedlikeametalcabinetlyingonitsside.Theraccooncouldsmellcatfoodwithin.but12latched(闩住)narrowdoorsblockedhisentry.SoGreatBasinjumpedonthetopandbegantofiddle(不停摆弄)withthelatchesupsidedown.Hequicklyopenedoneofthedoorsandfilledhisbelly.Raccoons—renownedfortheirabilitytojimmytheirwayintolockedgarbagecans—havelongbeenknownfortheircleverness.Butresearchershavelittlesenseofhowclevertheyreallyare.Astudypublishedrecentlymaychangethat.From2016to2017,LaurenStanton,anecologistwhowasdrawnbyraccoons’quickabilitytoadapttoenvironments,andhercolleaguesplacedsixpuzzleboxesinaresidentialbackyard.Puzzleboxesarestandardincognitionandbehaviorstudies,whereananimalclaws,grabs,orfiddleswithasinglelatcheddoorhidingsomefood.Butthescientistsdesignedanewtypeofboxwith24food-filledcompartments(分隔层)ratherthanthetypicalsinglecompartment,givingthemmoredatapointstoseehowraccoonsmightsolvenewproblems.Camerasrevealedsomesurprises.Inoneinstance,araccoonpushesaskunk(臭鼬)outofthewaytofiddlewithadifficultlatch,theneasilyopensit.Inanother,someraccoonswaitnearthepuzzleboxuntilanotherraccoonsolvesit,pushingitasideandgettingtherewardwithoutanywork.Inall,about25%oftheraccoonswereabletoopenatleastthreedoors,althoughthatwasnotasgoodasthe65%observedinthelab.In2017,Stanton’steamincreasedthedifficultylevel,introducinganewpuzzlewithfourdifferenttypesoflocks.Again,25%oftheraccoonsweresuccessful,demonstratingflexibilityinproblem-solving.Thefindingscouldhelpexplainhowraccoonsthriveinurbansettings,solvingthemany“puzzles”ofanurbanenvironment,saysBlakeMorton,ananimalbehavıorist.“Thisiswonderfulwhenstudiescomeoutlikethis,becauseitshowsthatwecandothesestudiesinthewild,andweshouldbedoingthem.”12.WhydidGreatBasinmakegreateffortstofiddlewiththelatches?A.Tohavefun. B.Toaccessthefoodinside.C.Toescapefromdanger. D.Toattractotherraccoons.13.WhatdidLaurenStanton’sresearchfocusonaboutraccoons?A.Theirinteractionpatterns. B.Theirproblem-solvingabilities.C.Theirfoodpreferences. D.Theiradaptabilityinthewild.14.HowdidLaurenStantonandher-colleaguestestraccoons’abilitytoadapt?A.Bycomparinglabandfieldfindings. B.Byobservingbehaviorsviacameras.C.Byemployingstandardpuzzleboxes. D.Bypresentingincreasinglychallengingtasks.15.WhatdoesBlakeMortonthinkofStanton’sstudies?A.Theyholdscientificvalueandshouldcontinue.B.Theyneedtoinvolvemoreanimalspeciesinthewild.C.Theyinspirenewwaystodealwithraccoonsincities.D.Theyoffernewinsightsintohuman-wildlifecoexistence.【答案】12.B13.B14.D15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了浣熊的聪明才智，特别是它们解决问题的能力，并通过劳伦·斯坦顿的研究来展示这一点。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Theraccooncouldsmellcatfoodwithin,but12latched(闩住)narrowdoorsblockedhisentry.(浣熊能闻到里面有猫粮的味道，但12扇闩着的窄门挡住了它的去路)”和第二段中的“SoGreatBasinjumpedonthetopandbegantofiddle(不停摆弄)withthelatchesupsidedown.Hequicklyopenedoneofthedoorsandfilledhisbelly.(于是GreatBasin跳到上面，开始把门闩倒过来拨弄。它很快打开了一扇门，填饱了肚子)”可知，GreatBasin努力摆弄闩锁是为了吃到里面的食物。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“From2016to2017,LaurenStanton,anecologistwhowasdrawnbyraccoons’quickabilitytoadapttoenvironments,andhercolleaguesplacedsixpuzzleboxesinaresidentialbackyard.(2016年至2017年，生态学家劳伦·斯坦顿和她的同事在住宅后院放置了六个益智盒子，她被浣熊快速适应环境的能力所吸引)”和“Butthescientistsdesignedanewtypeofboxwith24food-filledcompartments(分隔层)ratherthanthetypicalsinglecompartment,givingthemmoredatapointstoseehowraccoonsmightsolvenewproblems.(但科学家们设计了一种新型盒子，里面有24个装满食物的隔层，而不是典型的单个隔层，这为它们提供了更多的数据点，来观察浣熊如何解决新问题)”可知，劳伦·斯坦顿的研究重点是浣熊解决问题的能力。故选B项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Butthescientistsdesignedanewtypeofboxwith24food-filledcompartments(分隔层)ratherthanthetypicalsinglecompartment,givingthemmoredatapointstoseehowraccoonsmightsolvenewproblems.(但科学家们设计了一种新型的盒子，它有24个装满食物的隔间，而不是典型的单个隔间，这给了它们更多的数据点来观察浣熊如何解决新问题)”和第六段中的“In2017,Stanton’steamincreasedthedifficultylevel,introducinganewpuzzlewithfourdifferenttypesoflocks.Again,25%oftheraccoonsweresuccessful,demonstratingflexibilityinproblem-solving.(2017年，斯坦顿的团队提高了难度级别，引入了一个带有四种不同类型锁的新谜题。同样，25%的浣熊成功了，表现出解决问题的灵活性)”可知，劳伦・斯坦顿和她的同事们通过提出越来越具有挑战性的任务来测试浣熊的适应能力。故选D项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中布莱克·莫顿的话“Thisiswonderfulwhenstudiescomeoutlikethis,becauseitshowsthatwecandothesestudiesinthewild,andweshouldbedoingthem.(这样的研究结果真是太棒了，因为它表明我们可以在野外进行这些研究，而且我们应该这样做)”可知，布莱克·莫顿认为斯坦顿的研究具有科学价值，应该继续进行。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Duringyourteenageyears,yourbodygoesthroughmanychanges,andyoumayormaynotlikehowyourbodydevelops.Youstartforminganimageofyourbody.___16___Youcandevelopeitherapositiveornegativebodyimage,dependingonyourmindset.Oneofthemajorcontributorsofanegativebodyimageispeerpressure.Evenifyoudonotthinkyouarebeingbulliedbyyourgroupoffriendsyoumaybelaughedatcasuallyaboutyourappearanceoryoumaysimplynoticethattheyseemmore“perfect”thanyou.Thiscanhaveanegativeimpactonyourbodyimage.___17___Often,anidealbodytypeispromotedheavilyonsocialnetworks.Culturemayalsohaveanegativeimpactonone’sbodyimage.Ifyourculturevaluesaparticularbodyimage,thenthatwouldmakeyouunhappyifyoudon’tmatchit.Anegativebodyimageincreasestheriskofunhealthybehaviorslikeextremedieting,overeating,overexercising,isolation,andriskysurgeries.Italsolowerslifesatisfactionandcanleadtounhappiness.___18___Tohaveamorepositivebodyimage,firstacceptthatwearealluniqueindividuals.Imagineifeveryonelookedthesame,theworldwouldbeaboringplace.___19___Beautystandardskeepchangingallthetime.What’smore,modelsandcelebritiesyouseeinthemediamaylook“perfect”fortheera,but,infact,muchofitisduetomakeup,anglesandlightingandPhotoshop!___20___Avoidcommentingonothers’looks,andyouwillstopcriticizingyourselftoo.Ifyouhavepeerswhoconstantlycommentaboutyourappearance,itmightbetimetore-evaluatethecompanyyoukeep.Remember,yourbodyimageissimplyYOURperception(感知)ofyourbody.ThismeansYOUhavethepowertochangethis,evenifyoudonothavetheabilitytochangetheperceptionofothers.A.Yourbodyimageisinfluencedbymanyfactors.B.Anothermajorfactoriswhatisshowninthemedia.C.Itissimplyhowyousee,thinkandfeelaboutyourself.D.Moreimportantly,thereisnosuchthingasaperfectbody.E.Ingeneral,thekeytoapositivebodyimageisself-acceptance.F.Also,insteadoffocusingonappearances,learntovaluepeopleforwhotheyreallyare.G.Overfocusingonappearancecanstopyoufromappreciatingyourotherpositivequalities.【答案】16.C17.B18.E19.D20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了什么是身体形象以及应该如何正确看待身体形象。【16题详解】根据上文“Duringyourteenageyears,yourbodygoesthroughmanychanges,andyoumayormaynotlikehowyourbodydevelops.Youstartforminganimageofyourbody.(在青少年时期，你的身体会经历很多变化，你可能喜欢也可能不喜欢你身体的发育方式。你开始形成自己身体的形象)”可知，本句承接上文，解释什么是身体形象。故C选项“简单地说，就是你如何看待、思考和感受自己”符合语境，故选C。【17题详解】根据上文“Oneofthemajorcontributorsofanegativebodyimageispeerpressure.Evenifyoudonotthinkyouarebeingbulliedbyyourgroupoffriends,youmaybelaughedatcasuallyaboutyourappearanceoryoumaysimplynoticethattheyseemmore“perfect”thanyou.Thiscanhaveanegativeimpactonyourbodyimage.(负面身体形象的主要原因之一是同伴压力。即使你认为你没有被你的一群朋友欺负，你可能会随意被嘲笑你的外表，或者你可能只是注意到他们看起来比你更“完美”。这会对你的身体形象产生负面影响)”以及后文“Often,anidealbodytypeispromotedheavilyonsocialnetworks.(通常，理想的体型在社交网络上被大力宣传)”可知，后文主要说明了社交网络导致了负面身体形象，B选项中media对应后文socialnetworks。故B选项“另一个主要因素是媒体所展示的内容”符合语境，故选B。【18题详解】根据上文“Anegativebodyimageincreasestheriskofunhealthybehaviorslikeextremedieting,overeating,overexercising,isolation,andriskysurgeries.Italsolowerslifesatisfactionandcanleadtounhappiness.(负面的身体形象会增加不健康行为的风险，比如极端节食、暴饮暴食、过度锻炼、孤立和危险的手术。它还会降低生活满意度，导致不快乐)”以及下一段“Tohaveamorepositivebodyimage,firstacceptthatwearealluniqueindividuals.(要有一个更积极的身体形象，首先要接受我们都是独特的个体)”可知，上文主要说明了负面身体形象导致的负面影响，下一段提出了如何拥有积极的身体形象，故E选项“总的来说，积极的身体形象的关键是自我接纳”符合语境，故选E。【19题详解】根据上文“Tohaveamorepositivebodyimage,firstacceptthatwearealluniqueindividuals.Imagineifeveryonelookedthesame,theworldwouldbeaboringplace.(要有一个更积极的身体形象，首先要接受我们都是独特的个体。想象一下，如果每个人看起来都一样，这个世界将是一个无聊的地方)”以及后文“Beautystandardskeepchangingallthetime.What’smore,modelsandcelebritiesyouseeinthemediamaylook“perfect”fortheera,but,infact,muchofitisduetomakeup,anglesandlightingandPhotoshop!(审美标准一直在变化。更重要的是，你在媒体上看到的模特和名人可能看起来“完美”，但事实上，这很大程度上是由于化妆、角度、灯光和PS！)”可知，上文指出每个人看起来一样世界将会变得无聊，后文指出审美标准一直在变化，说明没有完全完美的身体，因为审美标准一直在变化。故D选项“更重要的是，没有完美的身材”符合语境，故选D。【20题详解】根据后文“Avoidcommentingonothers’looks,andyouwillstopcriticizingyourselftoo.Ifyouhavepeerswhoconstantlycommentaboutyourappearance,itmightbetimetore-evaluatethecompanyyoukeep.(避免评论别人的长相，你也会停止批评自己。如果你的同龄人经常评论你的外表，也许是时候重新评估一下你的伙伴了)”可知，本段主要说明了不应该评论别人的长相，即不要只关注外表，故F选项“另外，不要只关注外表，要学会珍视人们的内在”符合语境，故选F。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Recently,IhadthechanceofattendingabirdreleaseeventattheCarpenterNatureCenter.Thiseventnotonlyreconfirmedmy___21___intheresilience(韧性)ofnaturebutalsoprovidedalotofinspirationformyart.Several___22___birds,nurturedandcaredforbythedevotedstaffattheRaptorCenter,wereabouttosetoutontheirjourneybackto___23___.Icouldn’thelpbutreflectonmyown___24___withtheRaptorCenteryearsago,whenIhadthehonorofreleasingagreatowlintothewild.Thememorykept___25___meoftheprofoundconnectionthatwesharewiththenaturalworld.Duringtherecentevent,alongsidethebirdrelease,therewerealsoambassador(大使)birdspresent.Thesebirds,___26___toreturntothewildduetotheirinjuries,___27___educationalambassadors,enlighteningthe___28___aboutthewondersofthesegrandcreatures.Itwasduringmyinteractionwithoneoftheseambassadorsthattheseedof___29___formynewesthawkpaintingwasplanted.Thecomplicateddetailsofitsfeathers,thepiercinggaze,andtheuntamed(未被驯服的)spirit___30___myimagination,lightingacreativefirewithinme.Theseexperiencesandthecontinuousstudyofwildlifelaythegroundworkformyfuture___31___.Eachencounterwiththesecreatures,whetherinthewildorinthe___32___ofdevotedprofessionals,deepensmyunderstandingoftheircore.It___33___metocapturenotjusttheirphysicalformbutalsotheir___34___.Asanartist,theseencounterswithwildlifefuelmy___35___spiritanddeepenmyconnectiontothenaturalworld.21.A.belief B.success C.interest D.progress22.A.marked B.injured C.trapped D.trained23.A.safety B.adventure C.freedom D.independence24.A.deal B.discussion C.encounter D.experiment25.A.informing B.warning C.convincing D.reminding26.A.unwilling B.unable C.unhappy D.unlucky27.A.serveas B.competefor C.turnto D.helpwith28.A.staff B.artists C.public D.hunters29.A.determination B.love C.curiosity D.inspiration30.A.challenged B.limited C.captured D.changed31.A.plans B.choices C.releases D.artworks32.A.care B.presence C.control D.study33.A.persuades B.allows C.forces D.promises34.A.beauty B.spirit C.future D.difference35.A.creative B.free C.adventurous D.optimistic【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.C25.D26.B27.A28.C29.D30.C31.D32.A33.B34.B35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者有机会参加了在卡彭特自然中心举行的鸟类放飞活动，在和动物接触的过程中，动物也为作者的艺术创作提供了灵感。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这件事不仅再次确认了我对自然的韧性的信念，也为我的艺术提供了很多灵感。A.belief信念；B.success成功；C.interest兴趣；D.progress进步。根据后文“intheresilienceofnature”可知，指作者对自然的韧性的信念，其他选项不符合语境。故选A。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几只受伤的鸟，在猛禽中心敬业的工作人员的照顾和照顾下，即将踏上回归自由的旅程。A.marked明显的；B.injured受伤的；C.trapped被困住的；D.trained训练过的。根据后文“duetoth