2024-2025学年下学期高中英语必修三第四单元B卷

第21页（共21页）必修三Unit4B卷一．完形填空（共1小题）1．IhavebeenworkingonaLongevity/Healthbookfornearlyfouryears.Theideacameaftermorethan30yearsofcaringforthe（1）.Ihopethebookwillreallyhelppeople.Thisisoneofthebiggestquestionsfromthebook：Doyou（2）howyourownbehaviorscangreatlyaffectyourhealth？Yesterdaywasagreatexample.Mywife，TandItookthegrandkid（3）andafterfourhourswecamehome.IlookedatmyFitbitat7pmandsaid，"Weneedtogoforawalk."Wehadn'thadany（4）allday.Ihadonly4，687stepsonmyFitbit，butThad11，678steps！Howcouldthisbe？Wewere（5）allday，nevermorethanafewfeetapart.Sowe（6）theday'sevents.Whenwereachedthestore，Isatinthesofaofthe（7）department.Meanwhile，Twalkedeverywherehelpingour（8）shop.Sheturnedovernearlyeveryshoeforanhour.Whenwewenttolookatkidsclothes，I（9）ashelfandcheckedemailswhileshecheckedouteveryitemfor90minutes.Whileourgrandsonwenttotryashirtoninthe（10）roomfor30minutes，Iwentinwithhim.Twentaroundthestoreand（11）someitemstous.Addinguphabits，shemorethan（12）mystepswhilestillbeingwithinshoutingdistance，justafewfeetaway.Youdon'thavetorunfivemilesawayfrom（13）togetexercise：justgoshoppingwithyour（14）.ThoughIdidn'tknowitatthattime，Imade"takingsteps"mywife'ssport.Iwasjusta（15）.（1）A．childrenB．adultsC．womenD．elderly（2）A．realizeB．explainC．recordD．forget（3）A．runningB．playingC．shoppingD．driving（4）A．exerciseB．sleepC．chatD．drink（5）A．apartB．inC．outD．together（6）A．rememberedB．wroteC．countedD．celebrated（7）A．foodsB．toysC．shoesD．shirts（8）A．daughterB．sonC．grandsonD．granddaughter（9）A．satonB．laynearC．leanedagainstD．heldon（10）A．washingB．waitingC．smokingD．dressing（11）A．broughtB．showedC．sentD．took（12）A．reducedB．doubledC．recordedD．cleared（13）A．shopB．schoolC．homeD．gym（14）A．grandkidB．wifeC．husbandD．child（15）A．viewerB．shopperC．supporterD．participant二．阅读理解（共2小题）2．ItwasoncecommontoregardBritainasasocietywithclassdistinction．Eachclasshaduniquecharacteristics．Inrecentyears，manywritershavebeguntospeakthe'declineofclass'and'classlesssociety'inBritain．Andinmoderndayconsumersocietyeveryoneisconsideredtobemiddleclass．Butpronouncingthedeathofclassistooearly．Arecentwide﹣rangingsocietyofpublicopinionfound90percentofpeoplestillplacingthemselvesinparticularclass；73percentagreedthatclasswasstillavitalpartofBritishsociety；and52percentthoughttherewerestillsharpclassdifferences．Thus，classmaynotbeculturallyandpoliticallyobvious，yetitremainsanimportantpartofBritishsociety．Britainseemstohavealoveofstratification．OneunchangingaspectofaBritishperson'sclasspositionisaccent．Thewordsapersonspeakstellherorhisclass．AstudyofBritishaccentsduring1970sfoundthatavoicesoundinglikeaBBCnewsreaderwasviewedasthemostattractivevoice．Mostpeoplesaidthisaccentsounded'educated'and'soft'．Theaccentsplacedatthebottominthisstudy，ontheotherhand，wereregionalcityaccents．Theseaccentswereseenas'common'and'ugly'．However，asimilarstudyofBritishaccentsintheUSturnedtheseresultsupsidedownandplacedsomeregionalaccentsasthemostattractiveandBBCEnglishastheleast．ThissuggeststhatBritishattitudestowardsaccenthavedeeprootsandarebasedonclassprejudice．Inrecentyears，however，younguppermiddle﹣classpeopleinLondon，havebeguntoadoptsomeregionalaccents，inordertohidetheirclassorigins．Thisisanindicationofclassbecomingunnoticed．However，the1995popsong'CommonPeople'putsforwardtheviewthatthoughamiddle﹣classpersonmay'wanttolivelikecommonpeople'theycanneverappreciatetherealityofaworking﹣classlife．（1）ArecentstudyofpublicopinionshowsthatinmodernBritain．A．peopleregardthemselvessociallydifferentB．mostpeoplebelongtomiddleclassC．itiseasytorecognizeaperson'sclassD．itistimetoendclassdistinction（2）Theword"stratification"inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto．A．varietyB．qualificationC．authorityD．division（3）Britishattitudestowardsaccent．A．arebasedonregionalstatusB．havealongtraditionC．aresharedbytheAmericansD．havechangedinrecentyears（4）Whatisthemainideaofthepassage？A．Themiddleclassisexpanding．B．Aperson'saccentreflectshisclass．C．ClassisakeypartofBritishsociety．D．Eachclasshasuniquecharacteristics．3．Ifyoucouldhaveasuperpower，whatwoulditbe？Otherthanflyingandcommunicatingwithsomeonefromhismind（which，let'sbehonest，wouldprobablyactuallybeawful），breathingunderwaterisoneofthefavorites．YoucanhangoutwithAquamanandUrsula，andwhentheendoftheworldcomesandwe'realllivingunderwater，you'llbefine．Withthisinmind，astudentattheRoyalCollegeofArt，Londonhasdesigneda3D﹣printedamphibiousgarmentcalledAMPHIBIO﹣essentiallyasetofgills（鳃）﹣forthisverypurpose．AccordingtoJunKamei，abiomimicrydesignerandmaterialsscientist，itis"forafuturewherehumankindlivesinthewater"．Withtheworldsetforaglobaltemperatureincreaseof3.2°C（5.7°F）by2100，risingsealevelsareaveryrealthreattolargecoastalcities，potentiallyaffectingupto2billionpeople﹣or26percentofthecurrentglobalpopulation．Kamei'slittledeviceusesaspeciallydesignedporous（多孔的）materialthatfillsoxygenagaininthewaterandreleasescarbondioxide．Itisinspiredbywater﹣divinginsectsthatcreatetheirownlittlescubadivingsetbycreatingaprotectivebubbleofairaroundtheirbodythankstotheirwaterrepellent（防水的）skin．Thetechnologyiseasily3D﹣printabletoo，whichwillbegreatwhenweneedthemtogether．These"gills"couldreplaceheavyandclumsyscubaequipment，makingitmoresimilartofreedivingbutforlonger．Thiscouldhaveimmediateapplicationsforunderwaterrescueplans﹣the12boysrescuedbydiversfromafloodedcaveinThailand，forexample，whereittookweekstoworkouthowtogettheboysandthevitalbreathingequipmentthroughthosenarrowtunnels．Sofar，thetechhasonlybeentestedasaworkingprototype，notactuallyonhumans，sothedreammayhavetobeonholdfornow．AndscalingupandtestingonhumansisKamei'snextplan．Thismaysoundunbelievable，butKameiinsistshehasamuchmoreoptimisticvisionofthefuture．（1）WhatcanbeinferredaboutAquamanandUrsula？A．Theycanreadminds．B．Theycanbreatheunderwater．C．Theyoftencausehugedisasters．D．Theycan'tliveunderwater．（2）WhatcanwelearnaboutAMPHIBIO？A．Itcanproduceoxygeninthewater．B．Itsusercancommunicatewithothersfromtheirmind．C．Itistheuniqueusefultoolagainstthethreatofrisingsealevels．D．Thedesignerdrewhisinspirationfromacertainnaturalspecies．（3）WhydidtheauthormentionedtherescueoftheboysinThailand？A．Topresentthesuccessofthenewdevice．B．Tocomparethenewdevicewiththeoldone．C．Toprovetheadvantageofthenewdevice．D．Toshowthenewdeviceiseasily3D﹣printable．（4）Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothefutureofthenewdesign？A．Objective．B．Indifferent．C．Doubtful．D．Critical．三．选词填空（共1小题）4．leadto，dockwith，onboard，makeprogress，focuson，carryon，gowrong，believein（1）Thecaptainrefusedtoleavehissinkingshipwhiletherewereothers.（2）Maryandhersisterhavethefamilytraditionofgivingawayplants.（3）Whenyousomebody，don'tbeinarushtochangeyourmind.（4）Ilostallmyfilestodaybecausesomethingwithmycomputer.（5）Themedicalcommunitycontinuestointhefightagainstcancer.（6）Thetalkswilleconomicdevelopmentoftheregion.（7）Itiswidelyacceptedthatyoungbabieslearntodothingsbecausecertainactsreward.（8）Thefirstattemptofthespaceshiptotheorbitalstationfailed.四．语法填空（共1小题）5．Countriesaroundtheglobearespendingbillionsofdollarsandlotsoftimeonvariousspacemissions，whethertoMars（1）otherplanetsmuchfurtheraway.Firstly，（2）（explore）spacehasalreadymadeadifferenceinthefightagainstworldhunger.Anumberofthesatellitesrecorddataonlandandweatherpatterns.As（3）result，space﹣basedsciencehashelpedfarminginitseffortstogrowenoughfood（4）（feed）Earth'sincreasingpopulation.Secondly，spaceexplorationhasalreadypromotedtechnological（5）（improve）thatbenefitusall.High﹣endproductsaroundtheworld（6）（make）toahigherstandardnowbecauseofadvancedtechnology（7）wasfirstcreatedtomeettherequirementsforspaceexploration.（8）（final），sendingastronautsintospacehashelpedpeopletothinkabouttheworld'sproblemsandeventofindwaystosolvethem.Seeingpicturesofourplanetasanislandinablackseamadepeoplerealisethatourplanet'sresourcesare（9）（limit）.ThegreatestattentionatpresentisonMarsbecauseitisclosertoEarth.Inthefuture，humansmayliveonbothplanets.（10）closing，exploringspaceprovidestheworldwithmanydifferentbenefits.Therefore，itshouldcontinuesoastoprovidenewandbettersolutionstopeople'sshort﹣termandlong﹣termproblems.五．单词拼写（共5小题）6．Asaresult，space﹣basedsciencehashelpedfarming（努力种）enoughfoodtofeedEarth'sincreasingpopulation．结果，太空科学帮助农业努力种植足够的粮食来养活地球上不断增长的人口．7．Firstly，exploringspacehasalready（在与…斗争中发挥了作用）thefightagainstworldhunger．首先，探索太空已经在与世界饥饿的斗争中发挥了作用．8．Secondly，spaceexplorationhasalready（已经促进了有利于）thatbenefitusall．第二，空间探索已经促进了有利于我们所有人的技术改进．9．Today，spacetechnologiesarewidelyused（各行各业），andeverydayproductssuchasGPS，memoryfoampillows，andsmartphonecamerasarechangingourlives．今天，空间技术广泛应用于各行各业，GPS、记忆泡沫枕头、智能手机摄像头等日常用品正在改变我们的生活．10．Finally/Lastly，（送宇航员上太空）hashelpedpeopletothinkabouttheworld'sproblemsandeventofindwaystosolvethem．最后，送宇航员上太空帮助人们思考世界上的问题，甚至找到解决问题的方法．六．完成句子（共5小题）11．所有礼物必须立即邮寄，以便及时收到．Allthegiftsmustbemailedimmediatelyintime．12．重要的是要注意你的身心健康。It'simportanttotakecareofyourwell﹣being.13．我很高兴你所取得的进步将会对你自己的未来生活很有影响。I'mdelightedthattheyouwilltoyourfuturelife.14．Itissaidthatcountrywideontheexpressway.（limit）据说在全国范围将会有一个统一的高速公路限速。15．他们（刚才）谈论的那个男人不仅因他的才华而出名，而且因他的善良而出名。Themantheytalkedaboutisfamous.

必修三Unit4B卷参考答案与试题解析一．完形填空（共1小题）1．IhavebeenworkingonaLongevity/Healthbookfornearlyfouryears.Theideacameaftermorethan30yearsofcaringforthe（1）D.Ihopethebookwillreallyhelppeople.Thisisoneofthebiggestquestionsfromthebook：Doyou（2）Ahowyourownbehaviorscangreatlyaffectyourhealth？Yesterdaywasagreatexample.Mywife，TandItookthegrandkid（3）Candafterfourhourswecamehome.IlookedatmyFitbitat7pmandsaid，"Weneedtogoforawalk."Wehadn'thadany（4）Aallday.Ihadonly4，687stepsonmyFitbit，butThad11，678steps！Howcouldthisbe？Wewere（5）Dallday，nevermorethanafewfeetapart.Sowe（6）Atheday'sevents.Whenwereachedthestore，Isatinthesofaofthe（7）Cdepartment.Meanwhile，Twalkedeverywherehelpingour（8）Cshop.Sheturnedovernearlyeveryshoeforanhour.Whenwewenttolookatkidsclothes，I（9）Cashelfandcheckedemailswhileshecheckedouteveryitemfor90minutes.Whileourgrandsonwenttotryashirtoninthe（10）Droomfor30minutes，Iwentinwithhim.Twentaroundthestoreand（11）Asomeitemstous.Addinguphabits，shemorethan（12）Bmystepswhilestillbeingwithinshoutingdistance，justafewfeetaway.Youdon'thavetorunfivemilesawayfrom（13）Ctogetexercise：justgoshoppingwithyour（14）B.ThoughIdidn'tknowitatthattime，Imade"takingsteps"mywife'ssport.Iwasjusta（15）A.（1）A．childrenB．adultsC．womenD．elderly（2）A．realizeB．explainC．recordD．forget（3）A．runningB．playingC．shoppingD．driving（4）A．exerciseB．sleepC．chatD．drink（5）A．apartB．inC．outD．together（6）A．rememberedB．wroteC．countedD．celebrated（7）A．foodsB．toysC．shoesD．shirts（8）A．daughterB．sonC．grandsonD．granddaughter（9）A．satonB．laynearC．leanedagainstD．heldon（10）A．washingB．waitingC．smokingD．dressing（11）A．broughtB．showedC．sentD．took（12）A．reducedB．doubledC．recordedD．cleared（13）A．shopB．schoolC．homeD．gym（14）A．grandkidB．wifeC．husbandD．child（15）A．viewerB．shopperC．supporterD．participant【答案】（1）﹣（5）DACAD（6）﹣（10）ACCCD（11）﹣（15）ABCBA【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者与妻子一同带着孙子去商场购物，但回家后发现妻子的计步器步数是作者的两倍多的故事。【解答】（1）D.考查名词及语境理解。Achildren孩子们；B.adults成年人；C.women女士们；D.elderly老年人。由第一句IhavebeenworkingonaLongevity/Healthbookfornearlyfouryears.可知"我"写的书是关于长寿或者健康的，由此推断前些年作者所从事的应该是照顾老人的工作。故答案为D。（2）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.realize意识到；B.explain解释；C.record记录；D.forget忘记。结合下文Yesterdaywasagreatexample.可知作者和妻子陪孙子购物，结果自己的锻炼不足，但他当时并没有意识到，因此书中的问题是"你意识到（realize）自己的日常行为会极大地影响到你的健康了吗？"故答案为A。（3）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.running跑；B.playing玩；C.shopping购物；D.driving开车。根据后文中的"Whenwereachedthestore.….可知，夫妻两人和孙子去商场购物，故答案为C。（4）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.exercise锻炼；B.sleep睡觉；C.chat聊天；D.drink饮料。由上文Mywife，TandItookthegrandkidandafterfourhourswecamehome.可知，夫妻两人昨天一直陪孙子购物，四个小时后才到家，一整天都没进行锻炼（exercise）。故答案为A。（5）D.考查副词及语境理解。Aapart分开；B.in在…里面；C.out在…外面；D.together在…一起。根据下文中的"nevermorethanafewfeetapart"5可知两人整天都在一起（together）。故答案为D。（6）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.remembered记住；B.wrote写；C.counted数数；D.celebrated庆祝。结合下文Addinguphabits，shemorethanmystepswhilestillbeingwithinshoutingdistance，justafewfeetaway.可知，看到他们的步数差异巨大后，他们开始回忆（remembered）这一天的经历。故答案为A。（7）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.foods食物；B.toys玩具；C.shoes鞋；D.shirts衬衫。根据下文中的"Sheturnedovernearlyeveryshoe7foranhour."可知，他们开始时进入的是商场中卖鞋的区域，故答案为C。（8）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.daughter女儿；B.son儿子；C.grandson外孙；D.granddaughter孙女。根据下文中的"Whileourgrandsonwenttotrya8shirtoninthe"可知，"我们"带孙子去购物，故答案为C。（9）C.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.saton坐在上面；B.laynear位于附近；C.leanedagainst依靠；D.heldon坚持。shelf意为"货架"，在妻子挑选商品的90分钟里，我倚靠（leanedagainst）在货架上查看邮件。故答案为C。（10）D.考查动词及语境理解。Awashing洗；B.waiting等待；C.smoking吸烟；D.dressing打扮。根据上句"tryashirton"可知，试穿衣服应该在试衣间，故答案为D。（11）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.brought带来；B.showed展示；C.sent发送；D.took带走。"我"带着孙子试衣服期间，妻子在商场里转了转，给"我们"带回（brought）了几件商品。take表示"带走；带去"，不符合语境。故答案为A。（12）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.reduced减少；B.doubled加倍；C.recorded记录；D.cleared清除。综合这些小习惯，妻子走的步数是"我"的两倍还要多。double意为"加倍"。故答案为B。（13）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.shop商店；B.school学校；C.home家；D.gym体育馆。正常跑步是从家里出发，故home正确。故答案为C。（14）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.grandkid外孙；B.wife妻子；C.husband丈夫；D.child孩子。根据下句中的"Imade'takingsteps'mywife'ssport."可知，妻子在购物中起到了锻炼的目的，故是陪妻子一起去购物。故答案为B。（15）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.viewer旁观者；B.shopper购物者；C.supporter支持者；D.participant参与者。走路只成了妻子的锻炼方式，"我"一直都在停顿，因此"我"只是一个旁观者（viewer），并未参与进去。故答案为A。【点评】完形填空题的命题趋势解题步骤：1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。二．阅读理解（共2小题）2．ItwasoncecommontoregardBritainasasocietywithclassdistinction．Eachclasshaduniquecharacteristics．Inrecentyears，manywritershavebeguntospeakthe'declineofclass'and'classlesssociety'inBritain．Andinmoderndayconsumersocietyeveryoneisconsideredtobemiddleclass．Butpronouncingthedeathofclassistooearly．Arecentwide﹣rangingsocietyofpublicopinionfound90percentofpeoplestillplacingthemselvesinparticularclass；73percentagreedthatclasswasstillavitalpartofBritishsociety；and52percentthoughttherewerestillsharpclassdifferences．Thus，classmaynotbeculturallyandpoliticallyobvious，yetitremainsanimportantpartofBritishsociety．Britainseemstohavealoveofstratification．OneunchangingaspectofaBritishperson'sclasspositionisaccent．Thewordsapersonspeakstellherorhisclass．AstudyofBritishaccentsduring1970sfoundthatavoicesoundinglikeaBBCnewsreaderwasviewedasthemostattractivevoice．Mostpeoplesaidthisaccentsounded'educated'and'soft'．Theaccentsplacedatthebottominthisstudy，ontheotherhand，wereregionalcityaccents．Theseaccentswereseenas'common'and'ugly'．However，asimilarstudyofBritishaccentsintheUSturnedtheseresultsupsidedownandplacedsomeregionalaccentsasthemostattractiveandBBCEnglishastheleast．ThissuggeststhatBritishattitudestowardsaccenthavedeeprootsandarebasedonclassprejudice．Inrecentyears，however，younguppermiddle﹣classpeopleinLondon，havebeguntoadoptsomeregionalaccents，inordertohidetheirclassorigins．Thisisanindicationofclassbecomingunnoticed．However，the1995popsong'CommonPeople'putsforwardtheviewthatthoughamiddle﹣classpersonmay'wanttolivelikecommonpeople'theycanneverappreciatetherealityofaworking﹣classlife．（1）ArecentstudyofpublicopinionshowsthatinmodernBritainA．A．peopleregardthemselvessociallydifferentB．mostpeoplebelongtomiddleclassC．itiseasytorecognizeaperson'sclassD．itistimetoendclassdistinction（2）Theword"stratification"inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningtoD．A．varietyB．qualificationC．authorityD．division（3）BritishattitudestowardsaccentD．A．arebasedonregionalstatusB．havealongtraditionC．aresharedbytheAmericansD．havechangedinrecentyears（4）Whatisthemainideaofthepassage？CA．Themiddleclassisexpanding．B．Aperson'saccentreflectshisclass．C．ClassisakeypartofBritishsociety．D．Eachclasshasuniquecharacteristics．【答案】ADDC【分析】作者在文中介绍了两项调查，关于"阶级消亡"的说法，在英国对大众进行了一个调查，结果发现90%的人仍然把自己划分在一定的阶层中；73%的人认为阶级是英国社会一个必不可少的部分，52%的人认为仍然有尖锐的阶级差异．另一项调查是关于人们说话的口音，英国和美国的调查结果正好相反，他们认为一些地方口音是最吸引人的，而BBC的英语是最不吸引人的，也说明了英国阶级划分的根源非常深．通过调查的结果可知，英国社会的阶级划分没有消失，它是英国社会重要的一部分．【解答】（1）A.细节理解题．根据第三段的"90percentofpeoplestillplacingthemselvesinparticularclass；73percentagreedthatclasswasstillavitalpartofBritishsociety；and52percentthoughttherewerestillsharpclassdifferences."可知，关于"阶级消亡"的说法，在英国对大众进行了一个调查，结果发现90%的人仍然把自己划分在一定的阶层中；73%的人认为阶级是英国社会一个必不可少的部分，52%的人认为仍然有尖锐的阶级差异．所以人们仍然认为他们在社会中是有区别的，结合选项，故选A．（2）D.词义猜测题．根据文章第三段，Thus，classmaynotbeculturallyandpoliticallyobvious，yetitremainsanimportantpartofBritishsociety．Britainseemstohavealoveofstratification．因此，阶级在文化和政治上可能并不明显，但它仍然是英国社会的一个重要组成部分．可知，划线单词意为：组成，A．variety种类；B．qualification资格；C．authority权威；D．division区分。故选D．（3）D.推理判断题．根据文章最后一段，Inrecentyears，however，younguppermiddle﹣classpeopleinLondon，havebeguntoadoptsomeregionalaccents.然而，在最近几年，伦敦的年轻的上层中产阶级，已经开始采取一些地区口音，可知，现在英国人对待口音的态度开始改变了．故选D．（4）C.主旨大意题．这篇短文给我们讲述了在英国社会中，阶级划分是重要的一部分．作者在短文中给我们介绍了两项调查，其中一项告诉我们大多数人们觉得阶级是英国社会必不可少的一部分；另一项调查是关于人们说话的口音，英国和美国的调查结果正好相反，也说明了英国阶级划分的根源非常深．由此可知C选项：阶级是英国社会中的一个重要部分，符合短文的大意．结合选项，故选C．【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．3．Ifyoucouldhaveasuperpower，whatwoulditbe？Otherthanflyingandcommunicatingwithsomeonefromhismind（which，let'sbehonest，wouldprobablyactuallybeawful），breathingunderwaterisoneofthefavorites．YoucanhangoutwithAquamanandUrsula，andwhentheendoftheworldcomesandwe'realllivingunderwater，you'llbefine．Withthisinmind，astudentattheRoyalCollegeofArt，Londonhasdesigneda3D﹣printedamphibiousgarmentcalledAMPHIBIO﹣essentiallyasetofgills（鳃）﹣forthisverypurpose．AccordingtoJunKamei，abiomimicrydesignerandmaterialsscientist，itis"forafuturewherehumankindlivesinthewater"．Withtheworldsetforaglobaltemperatureincreaseof3.2°C（5.7°F）by2100，risingsealevelsareaveryrealthreattolargecoastalcities，potentiallyaffectingupto2billionpeople﹣or26percentofthecurrentglobalpopulation．Kamei'slittledeviceusesaspeciallydesignedporous（多孔的）materialthatfillsoxygenagaininthewaterandreleasescarbondioxide．Itisinspiredbywater﹣divinginsectsthatcreatetheirownlittlescubadivingsetbycreatingaprotectivebubbleofairaroundtheirbodythankstotheirwaterrepellent（防水的）skin．Thetechnologyiseasily3D﹣printabletoo，whichwillbegreatwhenweneedthemtogether．These"gills"couldreplaceheavyandclumsyscubaequipment，makingitmoresimilartofreedivingbutforlonger．Thiscouldhaveimmediateapplicationsforunderwaterrescueplans﹣the12boysrescuedbydiversfromafloodedcaveinThailand，forexample，whereittookweekstoworkouthowtogettheboysandthevitalbreathingequipmentthroughthosenarrowtunnels．Sofar，thetechhasonlybeentestedasaworkingprototype，notactuallyonhumans，sothedreammayhavetobeonholdfornow．AndscalingupandtestingonhumansisKamei'snextplan．Thismaysoundunbelievable，butKameiinsistshehasamuchmoreoptimisticvisionofthefuture．（1）WhatcanbeinferredaboutAquamanandUrsula？BA．Theycanreadminds．B．Theycanbreatheunderwater．C．Theyoftencausehugedisasters．D．Theycan'tliveunderwater．（2）WhatcanwelearnaboutAMPHIBIO？DA．Itcanproduceoxygeninthewater．B．Itsusercancommunicatewithothersfromtheirmind．C．Itistheuniqueusefultoolagainstthethreatofrisingsealevels．D．Thedesignerdrewhisinspirationfromacertainnaturalspecies．（3）WhydidtheauthormentionedtherescueoftheboysinThailand？CA．Topresentthesuccessofthenewdevice．B．Tocomparethenewdevicewiththeoldone．C．Toprovetheadvantageofthenewdevice．D．Toshowthenewdeviceiseasily3D﹣printable．（4）Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothefutureofthenewdesign？AA．Objective．B．Indifferent．C．Doubtful．D．Critical．【答案】BDCA【分析】本文以虚拟语气的问句形式开头，鼓励人们奉献自己的一些时间和精力去帮助别人，最穷人的生活将会变得更好【解答】（1）B．细节理解题。根据文章第一段，YoucanhangoutwithAquamanandUrsula，andwhentheendoftheworldcomesandwe'realllivingunderwater，you'llbefine.你可以和Aquaman和Ursula一起出去玩，当世界末日来临时，我们都生活在水下，你会没事的．可知，Aquaman和Ursula可以在水下呼吸．结合选项，故选B．（2）D．细节理解题。根据文章第二段，Withthisinmind，astudentattheRoyalCollegeofArt，Londonhasdesigneda3D﹣printedamphibiousgarmentcalledAMPHIBIO﹣essentiallyasetofgills（鳃）﹣forthisverypurpose.考虑到这一点，伦敦皇家艺术学院的一名学生为此设计了一种名为AMPHIBIO的3D打印两栖服装﹣基本上是一组鳃．可知，AMPHIBIO是设计师从某种自然物种中汲取灵感．结合选项，故选D．（3）C．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段，Thiscouldhaveimmediateapplicationsforunderwaterrescueplans﹣the12boysrescuedbydiversfromafloodedcaveinThailand，forexample，whereittookweekstoworkouthowtogettheboysandthevitalbreathingequipmentthroughthosenarrowtunnels.这可能会立即申请水下救援计划﹣例如，潜水员从泰国一个被水淹没的洞穴中救出的12名男孩，需要花费数周的时间才能找到如何通过这些狭窄的隧道让男孩和重要的呼吸设备通过．可知，作者提到在泰国拯救男孩是为了证明新设备的优势．结合选项，故选C．（4）A.观点态度题。根据文章最后一段，Thismaysoundunbelievable，butKameiinsistshehasamuchmoreoptimisticvisionofthefuture.这听起来令人难以置信，但Kamei坚持认为他对未来有一个更乐观的看法．可知，作者对新设计未来的态度是客观的．A．Objective客观的；B．Indifferent冷漠的；C．Doubtful怀疑的；D．Critical批评的，结合选项，故选A．【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．三．选词填空（共1小题）4．leadto，dockwith，onboard，makeprogress，focuson，carryon，gowrong，believein（1）Thecaptainrefusedtoleavehissinkingshipwhiletherewereothersonboard.（2）Maryandhersisterhavecarriedonthefamilytraditionofgivingawayplants.（3）Whenyoubelieveinsomebody，don'tbeinarushtochangeyourmind.（4）Ilostallmyfilestodaybecausesomethingwentwrongwithmycomputer.（5）Themedicalcommunitycontinuestomakeprogressinthefightagainstcancer.（6）Thetalkswillfocusoneconomicdevelopmentoftheregion.（7）Itiswidelyacceptedthatyoungbabieslearntodothingsbecausecertainactsleadtoreward.（8）Thefirstattemptofthespaceshiptodockwiththeorbitalstationfailed.【答案】（1）onboard；（2）carriedon；（3）believein；（4）wentwrong（5）makeprogress；（6）focuson；（7）leadto；（8）dockwith【分析】（1）当船上还有其他人时，船长拒绝离开正在下沉的船。（2）玛丽和她姐姐继承了赠送植物的家庭传统。（3）当你相信自己时，不要急于改变主意。（4）我今天把所有的文件都丢了，因为我的电脑出了问题。（5）医学界在与癌症的斗争中继续取得进展。（6）会谈将集中讨论该地区的经济发展问题。（7）人们普遍认为，婴儿之所以学会做事，是因为某些行为会导致死亡。（8）宇宙飞船与轨道站对接的第一次尝试失败了。【解答】（1）onboard.考查介词短语辨析。句意：当船上还有其他人时，船长拒绝离开正在下沉的船。根据句意可知表示"在船上"，用固定短语onboard，故填onboard。（2）carriedon.考查动词短语辨析。句意：玛丽和她姐姐继承了赠送植物的家庭传统。根据句意可知表示"继承"，用固定短语carryon，用过去分词和助动词have构成现在完成时，故填carriedon。（3）believein.考查动词短语辨析。句意：当你相信自己时，不要急于改变主意。根据句意可知表示"相信"，用固定短语believein，和主句时态一致，用一般现在时态，谓语动词用动词原形，故填believein。（4）wentwrong.考查动词短语辨析。句意：我今天把所有的文件都丢了，因为我的电脑出了问题。根据句意可知表示"出问题"，用固定短语gowrong，和主句时态一致，用一般过去时态，谓语动词用过去式，故填wentwrong。（5）makeprogress.考查动词短语辨析。句意：医学界在与癌症的斗争中继续取得进展。根据句意可知表示"取得进展"，用固定短语makeprogress，动词不定式作目的状语，to后用动词原形，故填makeprogress。（6）focuson.考查动词短语辨析。句意：会谈将集中讨论该地区的经济发展问题。根据句意可知表示"集中"，用固定短语focuson，will后用动词原形，故填focuson。（7）leadto.考查动词短语辨析。句意：人们普遍认为，婴儿之所以学会做事，是因为某些行为会导致死亡。根据句意可知表示"导致"，用固定短语leadto，和主句时态一致，用一般现在时态，谓语动词用动词原形，故填leadto。（8）dockwith.考查动词短语辨析。句意：宇宙飞船与轨道站对接的第一次尝试失败了。根据句意可知表示"与对接"，用固定短语dockwith，固定短语thefirstattempttodo表示"第一次做"，故填dockwith。【点评】这个题型需要学生熟知单词或者固定短语的用法，包括它的多个含义；同时对于题面设定的语境也要完全了解，这样才能选出正确的短语，运用它们的正确形式，例如动词短语的谓语和非谓语，时态和语态。四．语法填空（共1小题）5．Countriesaroundtheglobearespendingbillionsofdollarsandlotsoftimeonvariousspacemissions，whethertoMars（1）orotherplanetsmuchfurtheraway.Firstly，（2）exploring（explore）spacehasalreadymadeadifferenceinthefightagainstworldhunger.Anumberofthesatellitesrecorddataonlandandweatherpatterns.As（3）aresult，space﹣basedsciencehashelpedfarminginitseffortstogrowenoughfood（4）tofeed（feed）Earth'sincreasingpopulation.Secondly，spaceexplorationhasalreadypromotedtechnological（5）improvements（improve）thatbenefitusall.High﹣endproductsaroundtheworld（6）aremade（make）toahigherstandardnowbecauseofadvancedtechnology（7）that/whichwasfirstcreatedtomeettherequirementsforspaceexploration.（8）Finally（final），sendingastronautsintospacehashelpedpeopletothinkabouttheworld'sproblemsandeventofindwaystosolvethem.Seeingpicturesofourplanetasanislandinablackseamadepeoplerealisethatourplanet'sresourcesare（9）limited（limit）.ThegreatestattentionatpresentisonMarsbecauseitisclosertoEarth.Inthefuture，humansmayliveonbothplanets.（10）Inclosing，exploringspaceprovidestheworldwithmanydifferentbenefits.Therefore，itshouldcontinuesoastoprovidenewandbettersolutionstopeople'sshort﹣termandlong﹣termproblems.【答案】（1）or（2）exploring（3）a（4）tofeed（5）improvements（6）aremade（7）that/which（8）Finally（9）limited（10）In【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了太空探索对人类的益处。【解答】（1）or．考查连词。句意：全球各国都在各种太空任务上花费数十亿美元和大量时间，无论是去火星还是其他更远的星球。whether…or...无论还是。故填or。（2）exploring．考查动名词。句意：首先，太空探索已经在