2025届广东省湛江市高三下学期普通高考测试（一模）英语试题

2025届广东省湛江市高三下学期普通高考测试（一模）英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解IncredibleBaliTourBedugulBeginthedaybyexploringtheBedugulBotanicalGardens.Walkaroundandrelaxunderthetalltrees.Afterward,makeaquickstopatCandiKuning,thetraditionalfruitandvegetablemarket,togetyourhandsonsomefreshlygrown,localproduce.Then,headtomountainrangesandlakesforattractiveviewsandmakeastopatUlunDanuTemple,locatedrightatthewater’sedge.LovinaRiseearlybeforethesunandgetreadytoventureouttoseaforanexcitingdayofdolphinwatching.Intheevening,watchuptofivespeciesofnativedolphinsspringfromthewateragainstthebackdropofanorangesunsetbeforeheadingback.SpendtherestofthedayunwindingatyourhotelwitharelaxingandtraditionalBalinesemassage(按摩).MenjanganIslandCollectyoursnorkeling(潜水)equipmentand,assistedbyyourlocalguide,exploretheisland’scolorfulreefsandgreenishbluewaters,consideredsomeofthebestintheregion.Backonthemainland,ventureonwardtoBanjarHotSpringsontheSeriritcoast.Relaxyourselfinitswarmwatersconsideredbylocalstopossessamixofnaturalnutrientsandminerals.KintamaniTakesshortstopatBejiTemple.Builtinthe15thcentury,thistempleiswidelyconsideredoneoftheoldesttemplesontheisland.Afterward,headtoPuraPuneakPenulisan.LocatedonthepeakofPenulisanMountain(1,745m),itisthehighesttempleinBali,with336stepsrisingallthewaytothepeak.Explorethetemple,withtheoptionforamazingviewsofthesurroundingcountryside.1．WhatcanatouristdoinBedugul?A．Learnaboutlocalproduce. B．Watchseaanimals.C．Gosuorkeling. D．Explorethecountryside.2．WhatisrecommendedforatouristtogetrefreshedontheSeriritcoast?A．Restingundertrees. B．Watchingthesunset.C．Takingamassage. D．Bathinginhotsprings.3．WhereisPuraPuncakPenulisanlocated?A．Nexttoabotanicalpark.B．Onthetopofamountain.C．Inthecenterofacoastaltown.D．Byalakesurroundedbymountains.ANewZealandmanplayinghisfirst-evercompetitiveScrabblegame(拼字游戏)inSpanishhaswontheboardgame’sSpanish-languageworldtitle—despitenotbeingabletospeaktheSpanishlanguage.NigelRichards,aprofessionalplayerwhoholdsfiveEnglish-languageworldtitles,wontheSpanishWorldScrabblechampionshipsinGranada,Spain,inNovember,losingonegameoutof24.“Richardsstartedmemorizingthelanguage’sScrabblewordlistayearago,”hisfriendLizFagerlund—aNewZealandScrabbleofficial—toldTheAssociatedPress.“Hecan’tunderstandwhyotherpeoplecan’tjustdothesamething,”LizFagerlundsaid.“Hecanlookatablockofwordstogether,andoncetheygointohisbrainasapicturehecanjustrecallthatveryeasily.”NothingliketheNewZealander’sachievementhadeverhappenedinSpanishScrableaccordingtoAlejandroTerenzani,acontestorganizer,whosaid,“Itwasimpossibletoreactnegatively;youcanonlybeamazed.”Richardshasdonethisbefore.In2015,hebecametheFrench-languageScrabbleworldchampion,despitenotspeakingFrench.HetooktheFrenchtitleagainin2018.RichardsisrecognizedininternationalScrabbleasthegreatestplayerofalltime.In2008hebecamethefirstplayerevertoholdtheworldUSandBritishtitlesatthesametime,despitehavingto“forget”40,000EnglishwordsthatdonotappearintheAmericanScrabblewordlisttowinintheUS.Scrabbledoesnotrequireplayerstoknowthedefinitionsofwords,onlywhatcombinationsoflettersareallowed,butnativespeakersdohaveanadvantage.Richards’motheroncetoldaNewZealandnewspaperthathewasnotexcellentatEnglishinschool,neverattendeduniversity,andtookamathematicalapproachtothegameratherthanalinguistic(语言学的)one.4．WhatisamusttoplayaScrabblegame?A．Memorizingawordlist. B．Buildingpictureblocks.C．Beingfluentinmultiplelanguages. D．Winningtitlesinspellingcompetitions.5．WhatdidAlejandroTerenzanithinkofRichards’achievement?A．Integrated. B．Inspiring. C．Unsustainable. D．Unmatched.6．HowistheAmericanScrabblegamedifferentfromtheEnglishone?A．Theyinvolvedifferentskillsets. B．Theyawardwinnersindifferentways.C．Theyhavedifferentwordcoverage. D．Theyrequiredifferentregistrationprocesses.7．WhatdidRichards’mothersayabouthim?A．Helearnedfivelanguages. B．Heperformedexcellentlyatuniversity.C．Heowedhissuccesstoaspecialapproach. D．HetookadvantageofbeinganativeSpanishspeaker.Ninety-year-oldLaurafoundanewsociallifeat82yearsoldbyjoiningacommunitycenterwithapool.Shebeganswimmingregularlyandsheenjoyedaffordablelunches,dancedtoDJmusic,andmadefriends.Researchshowsthatpeoplewithstrongsocialconnectionstendtobepositivetowardslifeandare50%morelikelytolivelongerthanthosewholivealone.ScientistsfromBrighamYoungUniversityanalyzed148studiesinvolvingover300,000participantsandfoundthatsatisfyingsociallivesareasbeneficialforlongevity(长寿)asquittingsmokingandmayevenbemorecrucialthanexerciseorlosingweight.Socialconnectionscaninfluencehealththroughbuffering,wheresupportfromothershelpsusadaptemotionallytochallenges,reducingstress-causedhormonesthatweakentheimmune(有免疫力)system.Rebeca,aprofessoratHarvardUniversity,addssomethingtothisunderstandingbypointingouttheimpactofourbeliefsaboutagingonhealthylongevity.Herstudiesshowthatoldpeoplewithpositiveviewsofagingaremuchbetterabletorundailyroutines.They’remorelikelytorecoverfromadisablinginjury.Herresearchalsosuggeststhatpositiveattitudestowardsagingofferprotectionagainstcognitive(认知的)decline.Rebecafindspeoplewithapositiveviewofaginglivedanaverageof8yearslongerthanthosewithanegativeone.Sheexplainsthatbeliefsarepowerfulbecausepeoplewithapositivemindsetaboutagingtendtohaveagooddietandactivelifestyle.Theyalsohavelowerlevelsofstresshormones.Rebecaemphasizesthatagebeliefscanbeshifted.Inonestudy,adultswhowroteaboutahealthyolderperson’slifeonceaweekforfourweeksshowedasignificantdeclineinnegativeperceptionsofaging.Despitethegrowingelderlypopulation,negativeviewsaboutaginghaveworsened,asisshownbyRebeca’sanalysisofa200-yeardatabaseofover400millionwords.Thelanguageusedaroundaginghasbecomemorenegativeanddismissivesincethelate1800s.Rebecaarguesthatlabelingagingasadiseaseignoresthestrengthsandgrowthpotentialinlaterlife.8．WhatdoesLaura’sexampleimply?A．Thechallengesofquittingsmoking.B．Theroleofexerciseinoveranhealth.C．Thepossibilityofphysicaldisabilityoftheelderly.D．Thepowerofsocialconnectionsonhealthylongevity.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“buffering”inparagraph2mean?A．Affectingeverydaytasks.B．Reducingtheharmfuleffects.C．Weakeningtheimmunesystem.D．Leadingtoemotionalstress.10．WhichpointofviewwillRebecaagreewith?A．Agingshouldbetreatedasadisease.B．Writinghelpstoslowdowncognitivedecline.C．Positivemindsetcanbeformedthroughpractice.D．Peoplearebecomingmorerespectfultotheelderly.11．HowdidRebecalearnaboutthechangeofpeople’sattitudetowardsaging?A．Bymakinginterviews.B．Byanalyzingadatabase.C．Byobservingasocialtrend.D．Bycomparingresearchfindings.Onesunnyafternoon,three-year-oldAisha,anorangutanattheSanDiegoZoo,playedoutsidewhileherfathersatnearby.Aishatookatoyandwaveditathim.Whenhedidntrespond,Aishawavedthetoyinherdadsfaceandbrusheditacrossthetopofhishead,makingitharderforhimtoignoreher.Finally,hegaveinandwatchedher.Aisha’sbehaviorsuggeststhatgreatapes(类人猿)engageinplayfuteasing(戏弄)justlikehumansandthattherootsofhumanhumorcangoback1.3millionyearstothecommonaneestorsofapesandhumans.AstudyledbyFedericoRossonoftheUniversityofCaliforniaincludesorangutans,chimpanzees,bonobos,andgorillasinzoos.Theycarriedoutavideo-basedstudyandidentifiedsocialinteractionsthatcontainamixofplayfulandannoyingelements.Theyfocusedoncharacteristicssuchasone-sidedprovocation(挑衅),surprise,lookingatthetarget’sface,andrepetitionofthebehavior.Despitelivingindifferentsocialstructuresandenvironments,allfourspeciesofgreatapesteaseoneanotherinsimilarways.Ateasermightgrabanother’shandorfoottostoptheiractivity.Sometimesapeshidunderobjectswhenteasing,reachingoutahandsuddenlytopullsomeone’shair.Targetstendedtoignoreteasersortrytogentlygetthemaway.Sometimestheyrespondedpositivelywithplay,orteasingoftheirown.Othertimestheyjustgotupandleft.Whiledoingplayfulteasing,theteaserhastopredictthetarget’sresponseandadjusttheirbehaviorbasedonhowthetargetislikelytorespond.Learningtopredicthowotherswillrespondisacriticalskillforhighlysocialanimals.Thestudyofplayfulteasingmaynotbelimitedtoapes.“Wesuspectthatotherhighlysocialanimalssuchasparrots,dolphins,elephants,whales,anddogs,mayalsoengageinthisbehavior,”saidco-researcher,IsabelleLaumer.Togathermoredata,researchershavesurveyedzookeepersandarecollectingstoriesofanimalteasingfromaroundtheworld.12．WhydidAishawaveatoyatherfather?A．Tohavefunplayfully.B．Tocopyhumanbehavior.C．Toattracthisattentiontoherhead.D．Toshowannoyanceforignoringher.13．Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A．Thesubjectsofthestudy.B．Thefindingsofthestudy.C．Theapproachofthestudy.D．Thestructureofthestudy.14．Whatcanbelearnedabouttheapes?A．Thetargetfeelsangryattheteaser.B．Theteaserfocusesonthetarget’sface.C．Theteaserpredictsthetarget’sresponse.D．Thetargetadaptstothebuildoftheteaser.15．Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．HumorIsOlderthanHumans.B．PlayfulTeasingIsConductedAcrossSpecies.C．StudyDiscoverstheSecretofOurAncestors.D．ZooAnimalsEnjoyTakingEachOtherbySurprise.Classroomenvironmentsplayacrucialroleinstudents’learningexperiences.Asettingfilledwithtoomanythingscanlookuntidy.16Therefore,teachersaresupposedtobecarefulwithwhattheywanttheirclassroomtolooklike.Whilecontrollingallfactorsmaybechallenging,teacherscanmanagethematerialsonclassroomwallstoreducedistractions(分散注意力的事)。17Astudent’sworkingmemoryprocessesvisualandverbal(口头的)information.Toomanyposters,regulations,orinformationsourcescanoverloadastudent’sworkingmemory,makingitdifficulttofocusandprocessinformation.18Theaveragepreschoolisoverloadedwithlabels,lists,andrules,whichcandecreasechildren’sabilitytofocusandlearn.Decorationsaresometimesmistakenforquality.Expertspointoutthatreadingandwritingperformancesareparticularlyaffectedbylevelsofstimulation,whilemathbenefitsfromstudent-centeredandpersonalizedclassroomdesigns.Involvingstudentsindesigningtheirlearningspacecangivethemasenseofownershipandpride.19Thecoloroftheclassroomisanothercriticalfactor.Redandorangecanmakestudentsfeelnervous,whileblueandgreenarecalming.Youngerchildrenmayrespondwelltobrightcolorslikeyellow,butolderstudentsbenefitfromlightshadesofblueandgreen.TheInternationalAssociationofColorConsultantsNorthAmericaemphasizestheimportanceofappropriatecolordesignforcreatingconducive(有利的)learningenvironmentsandpromotinghealth.20Suchsettingsarelikelytocausestudentstobecomeuninterestedinlearning.Therefore,teachersshouldbemindfuloftheimpactsofvisualstimuliontheirstudentsandworktominimizedistractionsforbetteracademicperformance.A．Itdistractsstudentsandnegativelyimpactstheiracademicperformance.B．Classroomsoftenbecometextandpicture-richfromearlyeducationlevels.C．Teachersshouldconsiderfeaturingstudentworkstopromotestudentworth.D．Alternatively,colorlessandpoorlylitclassroomsareoftenconsideredboring.E．Classroomenvironmentsareintendedtostimulateenthusiasmandparticipation.F．Overstimulationintheenvironmentincreasescompetitionforastudent’sattention.G．Acombinationofbrightandlightcolorsbenefitsacademicperformanceandhealth.二、完形填空Ascicadas(蝉)emergeinpartsoftheUnitedStatesin2024,JoshWicker,abiologyenthusiastfromSouthCarolina,isadvocatingforadifferentapproachtotheseinsects:21them,whichisnotanAmericandietaryhabit.Wickerseescicadasasaculinary(烹饪的)22ratherthananannoyance.Inspiredbyother23worldwidethatincludeinsectsintheirdiets,WickerdecidedtohostaninsectthemeddinnerpartytochallengeAmerican24.Wicker’slovefornatureledhimto25theideaofaddingcicadastohisdiet.Hewasmotivatedbytheglobal26ofeatingcicadas.He27onsocialmediatofindinteresteddiners,andtheresponsewasso28thathehadtostop29attendeesduetothegreatinterest.Fordinner,Wicker30amenufilledwithinsectdelicacies,presentedashorsd’oeuvres(开胃菜).Themenuincludedinnovativedishessuchaspigsinablanketwithcicadaheadsandbacon-wrappedcicadas.The31fromhisfriendswereamixofcuriosityandfear.Whilesomewereeagertotrythe32dishes,othersweremore33.Wicker’sexperimentnotonlyprovidedauniquediningexperiencebutalsoofferedanewviewonthe34betweenhumansandthenaturalworld.Itencouragespeopleto35theircomfortzonesoffoodandconsiderinsectsasasustainableandnutritiousfoodsource.21．A．charting B．consuming C．ignoring D．protecting22．A．accident B．business C．entertainment D．opportunity23．A．suggestions B．issues C．alarms D．cultures24．A．ideas B．strategies C．dreams D．promises25．A．explain B．abandon C．explore D．reform26．A．order B．market C．level D．practice27．A．reachedout B．showedoff C．profitedoff D．ledout28．A．enthusiastic B．careful C．special D．clear29．A．naming B．mentioning C．accepting D．applauding30．A．evaluated B．created C．recognized D．claimed31．A．reactions B．inspirations C．resources D．comparisons32．A．appetizing B．typical C．strange D．disappointing33．A．excited B．hesitant C．confused D．confident34．A．difference B．conflict C．separation D．relationship35．A．lookupto B．stepoutof C．makeuseof D．givewayto三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Beijingwillspeedupworktoprotectandmakeuseofculturalrelicsinitscorefunctionalareas.Thecityaimstopromotepublicaccess36moreheritage(遗产)sitesalongtheBeijingCentralAxis(轴),37wasrecognizedasaUNESCOWorldHeritageSitein2024.Accordingtothesite’sofficeforculturalheritage38(apply)andprotection,Beijingwilltakeadvantageofitsuniqueworldheritageresources39(enhance)itsroleasaninternationalexchangecenter,developingtheCentralAxisintoaspaceforinternationalevents.Authoritiesplantointensifyeffortstopreserveanddisplay40historyandcultureoftheBeijingCentralAxis.Theyintendtopromoterelevantliteraryandartisticcreation,launchmoretailoredtourist41(route),andenhanceurbanrenewalprojectsinsurroundingareas.Stretching7.8kilometersfromYongdingGateinthesouthtotheDrumandBellTowersinthenorth,theBeijingCentralAxiswasconstructed42(base)onancientarchitecturalphilosophiestocreateanideallayoutforacapitalcity.TheCentralAxis43(date)backtotheYuanDynasty,whileits44(long)wasextendedintheMingandQingdynasties.Followingitsinclusionontheworldheritagelist,visitstoscenicareasalongtheCentralAxishaveincreased45(significant).CulturalandhistoricalsitesremainthecornerstoneofBeijing’sculturaltourismconsumption,withtheBeijingCentralAxisemergingasamust-visitdestinationforbothdomesticandinternationaltourists.四、书信写作46．假定你是李华，上周你参加了学校英语社团举办的中国成语故事英语短剧表演活动。请给你的英国朋友Alex写一封邮件，分享你参加这次活动的经历和感受。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearAlex,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua五、书面表达47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Squeakywasn’texpectedtodomucharoundthehouse,butshewasresponsibleforlookingafterhersisterLouise,whowasintellectuallydisabled.PeopleintheirHarlemneighborhoodoftenmadefunofLouise,butSqueakydidn’thesitatetostandupforher.AsSqueakywasanincrediblyfastrunner,shecouldjustrunawayifthingsgottooheated.Infact,Squeakywonmanyracesshecompetedin,sometimeslosingtoherclassmateandfriend,Gretchen.Thesedays,SqueakyandGretchenweretalkingaboutwhoofthemwouldwininthecomingMayDayrace.Squeakyoftenranaroundtheneighborhood,trainingforracesandperformingbreathingexercises,andLouiseusuallywenttogether.Louiseoftencausedtroubleinpublic,drawingtheangerofneighborstowhomSqueakymustapologize.ButSqueakydidn’tmindaslongasLouisedidn’tinterfere(干扰)withhertraining.Presently,SqueakywaspracticingrunningintheneighborhoodwithLouisewhenshespottedGretchenrunningtowardsthem.Whentheycameclose,theyallstopped.GretchenlookedatLouiseincuriosity,whichwastakenasaprovocationbySqueaky,whosteppedforwardindefense.Gretchensteppedbackandsmiledkindly.Relieved,SqueakyintroducedLouisetoGretchenandexplainedwhyshewasdefensive.Gretchenlaughed,sayingshewascuriousbecauseshewassurprisedthatLouiseshouldbeabletorunasfastasSqueaky.“IsshealsotrainingfortheMayDayrace?”Gretchenasked.Squeaky’seyeslitup.“Whyhaven’tIeverthoughtofthis?”shethought.Gretchen’swordsremindedherofanideashehadneverthoughtof.“IdecidetoquitrunningandcoachLouiseinstead.Ihavemanyawards,butLouisehasnothing,”shetoldGretchen.GretchenwasalmosttouchedtotearsbySqueaky’sconsiderationforhersister.“CanIworktogetherwithyou?”Gretchenaskedwithenthusiasm.Thetwofriendslookedateachotherinagreement.注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Thecoachingwasnoeasyjob.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________MayDayfinallyarrived.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________《2025届广东省湛江市高三下学期普通高考测试（一模）英语试题》参考答案题号12345678910答案ADBADCCDBC题号11121314151617181920答案BABCBAFBCD题号21222324252627282930答案BDDACDAACB题号3132333435答案ACBDB1．A2．D3．B【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了巴厘岛的四个景点。1．细节理解题。根据Bedugul部分中“Afterward,makeaquickstopatCandiKuning,thetraditionalfruitandvegetablemarket,togetyourhandsonsomefreshlygrown,localproduce.(之后，在传统的水果和蔬菜市场CandiKuning稍作停留，品尝一些新鲜种植的当地农产品)”可知，游客在Bedugul可以了解当地的农产品。故选A。2．细节理解题。根据MenjanganIsland部分中“Backonthemainland,ventureonwardtoBanjarHotSpringsontheSeriritcoast.Relaxyourselfinitswarmwatersconsideredbylocalstopossessamixofnaturalnutrientsandminerals.(回到大陆，冒险前往Seririt海岸的班加尔温泉。在当地人认为拥有天然营养和矿物质的温暖水域放松自己)”可知，在班加尔泡温泉可以使人放松，故给想要在Seririt海岸恢复精力的游客推荐泡温泉。故选D。3．细节理解题。根据Kintamani部分中“Afterward,headtoPuraPuneakPenulisan.LocatedonthepeakofPenulisanMountain(1,745m),itisthehighesttempleinBali,with336stepsrisingallthewaytothepeak.(之后，前往PuraPuneakPenulisan。它位于Penulisan山（1745米）的山顶，是巴厘岛最高的寺庙，有336级台阶一直上升到山顶。探索寺庙，可以欣赏到周围乡村的美景)”可知，PuraPuncakPenulisan位于山顶。故选B。4．A5．D6．C7．C【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要说明了一名新西兰男子NigelRichards第一次用西班牙语玩拼字游戏，赢得了这个棋盘游戏的西班牙语世界冠军。文章还介绍了他参加拼字游戏的经历和拼字游戏的规则。4．细节理解题。根据第二段““Richardsstartedmemorizingthelanguage’sScrabblewordlistayearago,”hisfriendLizFagerlund—aNewZealandScrabbleofficial—toldTheAssociatedPress.(“理查兹一年前就开始背拼字游戏单词表了，”他的朋友、新西兰拼字游戏官员利兹·费格伦德告诉美联社)”可知，玩拼字游戏的必备条件是背单词表。故选A。5．推理判断题。根据第四段“NothingliketheNewZealander’sachievementhadeverhappenedinSpanishScrableaccordingtoAlejandroTerenzani,acontestorganizer,whosaid,“Itwasimpossibletoreactnegatively;youcanonlybeamazed.”(比赛组织者亚历杭德罗·特伦扎尼说，在西班牙语拼字游戏中，从来没有出现过像这位新西兰人这样的成就。你只会感到惊奇。”)”可知，亚历杭德罗·特伦扎尼对理查兹的成就是无可匹敌的。故选D。6．细节理解题。根据第六段“In2008hebecamethefirstplayerevertoholdtheworldUSandBritishtitlesatthesametime,despitehavingto“forget”40,000EnglishwordsthatdonotappearintheAmericanScrabblewordlisttowinintheUS.(2008年，他成为第一位同时获得美国和英国拼字游戏世界冠军的选手，尽管他必须“忘记”4万个没有出现在美国拼字游戏单词表上的英语单词才能在美国获胜)”可知，两者有不同的文字覆盖率。故选C。7．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Richards’motheroncetoldaNewZealandnewspaperthathewasnotexcellentatEnglishinschool,neverattendeduniversity,andtookamathematicalapproachtothegameratherthanalinguistic(语言学的)one.(理查兹的母亲曾对一家新西兰报纸说，理查兹在学校的英语不太好，也没上过大学，他玩足球时用的是数学方法，而不是语言方法)”可知，理查兹把自己的成功归功于一种特殊的方法。故选C。8．D9．B10．C11．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了社交关系和积极心态对健康长寿的影响。文章通过Laura的例子、科学研究和Rebeca的观点，阐述了社交关系和积极心态对老年人健康的重要性。8．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Ninety-year-oldLaurafoundanewsociallifeat82yearsoldbyjoiningacommunitycenterwithapool.Shebeganswimmingregularlyandsheenjoyedaffordablelunches,dancedtoDJmusic,andmadefriends.Researchshowsthatpeoplewithstrongsocialconnectionstendtobepositivetowardslifeandare50%morelikelytolivelongerthanthosewholivealone.(九十岁的Laura在82岁时通过加入一个有游泳池的社区中心找到了新的社交生活。她开始定期游泳，享受实惠的午餐，随着DJ音乐跳舞，并结交了朋友。研究表明，拥有强大社交关系的人往往对生活持积极态度，并且比独居的人长寿的可能性高出50%。)”可知，Laura的例子展示了社交关系对健康长寿的积极影响。故选D。9．词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“Socialconnectionscaninfluencehealththroughbuffering,wheresupportfromothershelpsusadaptemotionallytochallenges,reducingstress-causedhormonesthatweakentheimmune(有免疫力)system.(社会关系可以通过buffering影响健康，即来自他人的支持帮助我们情感上适应挑战，减少削弱免疫系统的压力激素)”可知，减少削弱免疫系统的压力激素，可以减少有害影响。所以“buffering”意为“减少有害影响”。故选B。10．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Rebecaemphasizesthatagebeliefscanbeshifted.Inonestudy,adultswhowroteaboutahealthyolderperson’slifeonceaweekforfourweeksshowedasignificantdeclineinnegativeperceptionsofaging.(Rebeca强调，年龄观念是可以改变的。在一项研究中，成年人每周写一次关于健康老年人生活的文章，持续四周后，他们对衰老的负面看法显著减少)”可推知，Rebeca认为积极心态可以通过练习形成。故选C。11．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Despitethegrowingelderlypopulation,negativeviewsaboutaginghaveworsened,asisshownbyRebeca’sanalysisofa200-yeardatabaseofover400millionwords.(尽管老年人口不断增长，但对老龄化的负面看法却越来越严重，正如Rebeca对200年数据库中超过4亿字的分析所显示的那样）可知，Rebeca通过分析数据库了解人们对衰老态度的变化。故选B。12．A13．B14．C15．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了类人猿（如猩猩、黑猩猩、倭黑猩猩和大猩猩）之间的开玩笑行为，研究表明这种行为与人类的幽默有着共同的起源，并且这种行为可能也存在于其他高度社会化的动物中。12．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Aishatookatoyandwaveditathim.Whenhedidntrespond,Aishawavedthetoyinherdadsfaceandbrusheditacrossthetopofhishead,makingitharderforhimtoignoreher.Finally,hegaveinandwatchedher.Aisha’sbehaviorsuggeststhatgreatapes(类人猿)engageinplayfuteasing(戏弄)justlikehumans(Aisha拿起一个玩具，向父亲挥舞。当父亲没有反应时，Aisha把玩具在他面前挥舞，并在他的头顶上刷过，使他更难忽视她。最终，父亲屈服并看着她。Aisha的行为表明，类人猿和人类一样会开玩笑)”可知，Aisha的行为是开玩笑，是为了有趣地玩耍。故选A。13．主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Despitelivingindifferentsocialstructuresandenvironments,allfourspeciesofgreatapesteaseoneanotherinsimilarways.(尽管生活在不同的社会结构和环境中，这四种类人猿都以相似的互相开玩笑的方式)”可知，本段主要讲述了研究的结果，即不同种类的类人猿以相似的开玩笑方式。故选B。14．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Whiledoingplayfulteasing,theteaserhastopredictthetarget’sresponseandadjusttheirbehaviorbasedonhowthetargetislikelytorespond.(在进行戏弄时，戏弄者必须预测目标的反应，并根据目标的可能反应调整自己的行为)”可知，开玩笑者会预测目标的反应。故选C。15．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Aisha’sbehaviorsuggeststhatgreatapes(类人猿)engageinplayfulteasing(戏弄)justlikehumansandthattherootsofhumanhumorcangoback1.3millionyearstothecommonancestorsofapesandhumans.(阿伊莎的行为表明，类人猿和人类一样会开玩笑，而人类幽默的根源可以追溯到130万年前的类人猿和人类的共同祖先)”可知，文章主要介绍了类人猿（如猩猩、黑猩猩、倭黑猩猩和大猩猩）之间的开玩笑行为，研究表明这种行为与人类的幽默有着共同的起源，并且这种行为可能也存在于其他高度社会化的动物中。所以短文的标题为“开玩笑存在于跨物种之中”。故选B。16．A17．F18．B19．C20．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了教室环境对学生学习的影响。16．由上文“Asettingfilledwithtoomanythingscanlookuntidy.(一个摆满太多东西的环境会显得很凌乱)”可知，上文描述了环境太凌乱，本空应强调环境太凌乱会有不好的影响。A项“Itdistractsstudentsandnegativelyimpactstheiracademicperformance.(它会分散学生的注意力，并对他们的学业成绩产生负面影响)”讲述了环境太凌乱带来的后果，能承接上文，符合题意。故选A。17．由下文“Astudent’sworkingmemoryprocessesvisualandverbal(口头的)information.Toomanyposters,regulations,orinformationsourcescanoverloadastudent’sworkingmemory,makingitdifficulttofocusandprocessinformation.(学生的工作记忆处理视觉和口头信息。太多的海报、规则或信息来源可能会使学生的工作记忆超负荷，从而难以集中注意力和处理信息)”可知，下文描述了环境里的视觉刺激对学生注意力的影响，本空应强调教室环境的视觉刺激分散学生注意力，F项“Overstimulationintheenvironmentincreasescompetitionforastudent’sattention.(环境中的过度刺激会增加对学生注意力的争夺)”能够引起下文，符合题意，故选F。18．由下文“Theaveragepreschoolisoverloadedwithlabels,lists,andrules,whichcandecreasechildren’sabilitytofocusandlearn.(普通的幼儿园里贴满了标签、清单和规则，这会降低孩子们专注和学习的能力)”可知，下文举例说明了普通的幼儿园中教室环境对孩子们专注和学习的能力的影响，本空应强调早期教育阶段教室环境，B项“Classroomsoftenbecometextandpicture-richfromearlyeducationlevels.(从早期教育阶段开始，教室就常常充满了文字和图片)”能够引起下文，符合题意，故选B。19．上文“Involvingstudentsindesigningtheirlearningspacecangivethemasenseofownershipandpride.(让学生参与设计他们的学习空间可以给他们一种归属感和自豪感)”可知，上文介绍了让学生参与设计教室的好处，本空应强调老师可以让学生参与设计教室，C项“Teachersshouldconsiderfeaturingstudentworkstopromotestudentworth.(老师们应该考虑展示学生的作品来提升学生的价值)”能够承接上文，符合题意，故选C。20．上文“TheInternationalAssociationofColorConsultantsNorthAmericaemphasizestheimportanceofappropriatecolordesignforcreatingconducive(有利的)learningenvironmentsandpromotinghealth.(北美国际色彩顾问协会强调了适当的