2024-2025学年江苏省泰州市高二上学期1月期末英语试卷

2024—2025学年江苏省泰州市高二上学期1月期末英语试卷

一、阅读理解(★★★)WithafatherwhoisachemistandamotherwhoisabiologistitseemednaturalforKelydratolearnhowtheworldworkedbydoingscienceexperiments.Kelydrawas15whenthebreakingnewscamethatachemicalcalledC8inhertown’swatersupplymightcausecancer.Kelydrawonderedwhatshecoulddotohelp.Likeanygoodscientist,shestartedbyresearchingtheproblem.WhatexactlywasC8?ShefoundoutthatC8,alsoknownasAPFO,isachemicalwithachainofeightcarbonatoms.Thischemicalhasshownupnotonlyindrinkingwaterbutalsointhebodiesofpeopleandanimals.Howmuchofthischemicalwasinthewatersupply?Infact,nobodyevenknewofaninexpensive,reliabletestthatcouldmeasuretheamountofAPFOinwater.SoKelydradecidedtoinventone.KelydralearnedthatwhenyoushakewatercontaminatedwithhighamountsofAPFO,thewatergetsfoamy(起泡沫的).ThemoreAPFOinthewater,themorefoamtherewillbe.Inthiswayshecouldcalculatethelevelofpollutantsoftheoriginalriverwatersample.Butshewantedtoknowmorethanthat.SoshestartedworkingonawaytoremoveAPFOfromthewater.Shefinallysucceededbyusingadevice,consistingofadrycellbatteryandtwoelectrodes(电极).Kelydradippedtheelectrodesinthewater.Then,inaspecificprocess,oneoftheelectrodesbecameanelectricallychargedtoolthatattractedtheAPFOinthewater.Kelydracouldthenremovetheelectrode,washitoff,andputitbackinthewatertodrawoutmoreofthechemical.Kelydrathenaddedanotheringredienttothewater:activatedcarbonwhichlookslikegrainsofblacksandandisusedinwaterfilters.Thecarbonfiltered(过滤)outevenmoreoftheAPFO.Kelydrarepeatedtheelectrosorptionandcarbon-filteringprocessuntilthewaterwascompletelyfreeofAPFO—andsafetodrink.1.WhatinspiredKelydratosolvetheproblem?

A．Herextensiveknowledgeinchemistry.B．Herdeepconcernforthelocals’health.C．Hergreatpassionfordoingexperiments.D．Herfirmdesiretofollowherparents’path.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“contaminated”inParagraph3mean?

A．Cleaned.B．Polluted.C．Heated.D．Identified.3.WhydidKelydraaddactivatedcarbontothewater?

A．Topurifythewater.B．Toremovethefoam.C．Tofilterthecarbon.D．Tochargetheelectrodes.4.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesKelydra?

A．Curiousandadventurous.B．Confidentandcheerful.C．Conservativeandcourageous.D．Innovativeandcommitted.(★★★)China’sChang’e-6missioncollected1,935.3gramsofsamplesfromthefarsideofthemoon,theChinaNationalSpaceAdministration(CNSA)announcedonJune28.China’sChang’e-6probecomprisesanorbiter,alander,anascenderandareturner.TheprobewaslaunchedonMay3,enteringitscircumlunarorbitonMay8.Thelander-ascendercombinationseparatedfromtheorbiter-teturnercombinationonMay30andthensuccessfullylandedatthedesignated(指定的)landingareaonthefarsideofthemoononJune2.ThespacecraftcollectedsamplesandtheascendercarryingthesamplesliftedofffromlunarsurfaceonJune4,dockedwiththeorbiter-returnercombinationinlunarorbit,andtransferredthesamplestothereturneronJune6.Afterseparatingfromtheorbiter,thereturnerofChang’e-6returnedtoEarthonJune25,bringingbacktheworld’sfirstsamplescollectedfromthemoon’sfarside,markingacompletesuccessforthemission.ThesamplesbroughtbackbyChang’e-6werestickiercomparedtoprevioussamples,withthepresenceofclumps(块).Theseareobservablecharacteristics.Previously,significantscientificachievementshavebeenmadethroughin-depthresearchonhelunarsamplesbroughtbackbytheChang’e-5mission.Researchershavepublishedmorethan80achievementsinimportantdomesticandinternationaljournals,includingthediscoveryofthenewlunarmineralChangesite-(Y),thesixthdiscoveredonthemoon,andthe“youngest”basalt(玄武岩)onthemoon,whichwasdeterminedtobeabouttwobillionyearsoldandextendedthe“life”oflunarvolcanism800-900millionyearslongerthanpreviouslyknown.BasedonthelunarsamplemanagementrulesreleasedbytheCNSAandtheexperienceindealingwiththeapplicationsforlunarsamplescollectedbytheChang’e-5mission,applicationsfortheChang’e-6samplesareexpectedtoopentodomesticresearchinstitutionsandscientistssoon.ToshareChina’slunarexplorationachievementswiththeinternationalcommunity,Chinawelcomesscientistsfromallcountriestosubmitapplicationsaccordingtorelevantprocedures.5.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?

A．Theachievementsinspaceexploration.B．ThedesignofChina’sChang’e-6probe.C．TheprocessofChina’sChang’e-6mission.D．Thesignificanceofcollectinglunarsamples.6.Whatachievementshavebeenmadeintheresearchonlunarsamples?

A．MorenewmineralshavebeenfoundinChang’e-6samples.B．Changesite(Y)isthefirstmineraldiscoveredonthemoon.C．Lunarvolcanismisdeterminedtobe800-900millionyearsold.D．Itoffersvaluableinsightsintothemoon’searlygeologicalhistory.7.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?

A．Lunarsamplemanagementruleshavenotbeenreleased.B．TheChang’e-6samplesareaccessibletoscientistsworldwidefreely.C．Chang’e-6sampleshavebeengiventodomesticresearchinstitutions.D．Chinaiscommittedtoadvancinginternationalcooperationinlunarresearch.8.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?

A．Ablogpost.B．Afictionalstory.C．Anewsreport.D．Anacademicarticle.(★★★)Keepingupwiththelatestadvancesintechnology—particularlyAIandgenerativeAI(GenAI)—canbetough,evenfortechenthusiasts,butonenewdevelopmentfromOpenAIearlierthisyearreallycaughtourattention.ThecompanyintroducedanewversionofitsChatGPTchatbot—GPT-4—withanewfemale-soundingvoice.Theaccompanyinglaunchvideoshowcasedthemodel’sabilitytoassistuserswithtaskslikesolvingmathsproblemsandofferingpresentationtipswhilemaintainingafriendlyandcheerfultone.ThereisnodenyingthatAIdoeshelpeducatorsinmanyways.However,whenwegivehumancharacteristicstoAIwewillsoonrunintotroublingissues.Asisfeared,evidencehasnowstartedtoemergethatsomeyoungpeopleareshowingadesiretobefriendthesechatbots,goingtothemforadviceandemotionalsupport.TheseAItoolscanimitatehuman-likeconversations,buttheiroutputsarebasedonpatternsanddata.AnotherwidelypublicizeduseofGenAIisitsabilitytocreate“deepfakes”.Take,forexample,thecaseofonepersonarrestedforcreatingadeepfakeaudioclipofhisbossmakingruderemarks.TherecordingwentviralbeforeanyonerealizedthatAIhadbeenusedtogenerateit.Easy-to-usedeepfaketoolsarenowfreelyavailableand,incommonwithothervisualtoolsofthepast,canbeusedinappropriatelytocausedamageorevenbreakthelaw.Technologicaldevelopmentscausingunforeseennegativeconsequencesarenothingnew.Asaresult,educationhasanessentialroletoplayinhelpingpeoplebetterunderstandAItechnologiesandavoidrelateddangers.Oneapproachistonotfocuspurelyonthosethreatsanddangers,buttoteachyoungpeoplehowtobecriticalusersoftechnologies.PossessinganunderstandingofhowthosetechnologiesworkgoesalongwaytowardsachievingtheAI-relatedskillsneededtomakeinformedchoices.9.Whatistheconcernaboutyoungpeople’schatbotinteractions?

A．Maintenanceofanemotionaltone.B．Imitationofhuman-likeconversations.C．Attachmenttothemforemotionalsupport.D．Relianceonthemformathsproblem-solving.10.Whydoestheauthormention“deepfakes”inParagraph3?

A．ToillustratetheapplicationofAI.B．TocompareAIwithpastvisualtools.C．ToshowconcernforthemisuseofAI.D．TowarnagainsttheinflexibilityofAI.11.WhatcanbedonetohelppeopleavoidAI-relateddangers?

A．PromotingthebenefitsofAItools.B．Assistinginmakinginformedchoices.C．EmphasizingthethreateningaspectsofAID．DirectingthecriticaluseofAItechnologies.12.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardAItechnologies?

A．Negative.B．Favourable.C．Objective.D．Unclear.(★★★)Onabusyworkday,yourlunchhourisacrucialopportunitytorechargeandsetapositivetonefortherestofyourday.Herearesomestrategiestomakethemostofthistime.GetmovingAbrief10-minuteworkoutcanmakeyouenergetic.13..Forexample,stepoutsideandtakeawalkaroundtheblock,orwalktoyoursandwichinsteadofdrivingcars.Thislightexercisenotonlystretchesyourlegsandgetsyoureyesoffscreens,butalsoboostsyourmoodwithendorphins(内啡肽).Playcatchup14.Sometimescatchingupwithanoldfriendorfamilymembercanbrightenyourdayandupliftyourspirits,providingarefreshingbreakfromwork.Sowhynotcombineawalkaroundtheblockwithacalltocatchupwithyourfriendsduringyourlunchhour?BatheinthesunAvoidthetemptationtoeatatyourdesk.Whenpossible,takeyourlunchoutsidetoenjoythesunandachangeofscenery.Batheinthesunandliftyourgazetothehorizoninsteadofyourphoneorcomputerscreen.15.Achangeofscenerycangiveyouthepoweryouneedthroughyourafternoonto-dolist.ChangeyourtoneUseyourlunchhourtotreatyoursenses.Asyoueatorgetactive,tryqueuingupyourfavoritemusicinyourfavoritepodcast.Ifyoufocusonthesametasksfortoolong,yourbrainwillbetired.Shiftgearsandtreatyourmindtosomemusicorstimulationoutsideofyourdailytasks.16.Yourlunchhourisn’tjustaboutbeingpurelyfunctional.17.Byengagingintheseactivities,youcanmaintainproductivityandendyourworkdaysatisfiedwithyourprogress.

A．Thisshifthelpsyourelaxandrecharge.B．Boostthepowerofawell-spentlunchhour.C．Exercisecanhelpyoufeelgoodaboutyourself.D．Useyourlunchhourtoconnectwithlovedones.E．Itisessentialforbothphysicalandmentalhealth.F．Findwaystocombinelightexercisewithyourlunchhourroutine.G．Thebenefitsoftimespentrechargingoutsidearewell-documented.二、完形填空(★★★)Inmyyouth,Idreamtofwinningabigtrophy(奖杯)insportslikebaseballandkickball,butIoftenfeltinadequate.Asanadult,Iwasdeterminedtomaintaina(n)_________lifestyle,andin2010I_________astair-climbingchallenge.Thenin2019,Iattemptedanevenmorechallengingclimbingevent—theVerticalMileChallenge—climbingover28floorsfifteentimeswithinthreehours,butcramps(抽筋)slowedmedown,andIfinishedjust_________thetimelimit.Ayearlater,at62,Ireturnedtothechallenge.Cramps_________again,butthistime,fellowclimber,Jessica,offeredmeelectrolytesalt(电解质盐),whichhelped_________thepain.Meanwhile,otherclimberswereshoutingwordsofencouragementwhentheypassedbyme.WhenImadeittothe_________ofthelastlap,Ifelt_______insideasIrealizedIwasgoingtomakeitdownintime.AsIapproachedthefirstfloor,Ithoughtoflastyear’sdisappointingendingandtheheartachethatsoon_________me.Thistime,myheartwasdancingasI_______thefinishinglinejustthirtysecondsbeforethetimelimit!Iwasmetwithcheersandhigh-fives,anda(n)__________grouphugfromtwoclimberswhowitnessedmy__________lastyear.Thinkingofthe__________shownbysomanywhohadhelpedmereachmygoal,myemotionoverwhelmedme.My“megoal”hadsuddenlyturnedintoa“mevictory”,__________mybeliefthatthere’smoreinsideusthanweknow,andwe’reeven__________together.Andthatturnedouttobethe__________trophyofall.18.A．stressfulB．comfortableC．activeD．passive19.A．appliedforB．enteredforC．madeforD．allowedfor20.A．withinB．againstC．byD．beyond21.A．struckB．easedC．restoredD．withdrew22.A．tolerateB．promoteC．relieveD．increase23.A．bottomB．topC．middleD．side24.A．delightedB．nervousC．calmD．afraid25.A．inspiredB．motivatedC．awakenedD．consumed26.A．blockedB．limitedC．coveredD．crossed27.A．awkwardB．ambitiousC．lengthyD．brief28.A．embarrassmentB．growthC．successD．disappointment29.A．sadnessB．kindnessC．pityD．respect30.A．contradictingB．shakingC．challengingD．confirming31.A．weakerB．rougherC．strongerD．luckier32.A．biggestB．slightestC．leastD．slimmest三、语法填空(★★★)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AseriesofthelatestarchaeologicaldiscoveriesinNorthChinarelatedtotheNeolthicHongshanculture,famous33.itsdelicatejadeartifacts(手工艺品),havedrawnthepublic’sattention.Thesefindingswerehighlightedbysignificant34.(phrase),suchas“thelargest”,“thefirsttime”,and“fillingtheresearchgap”.AccordingtotheInnerMongoliaInstituteofCulturalRelicsandArcheology,35.conductedthearchaeologicalproject,Chinesearchaeologistsuncoveredacompletestonetomb36.(date)backtothelateperiodofHongshanculture.Itisa37.(represent)archaeologicalcultureofthemiddleandlateNeolithicperiodinChifeng.Hundredsofjadeartifacts,includingthelargestjadedragonoftheHongshanculture,38.(unearth)sofar,coveringalmostalltypesofprehistoricalculture.Additionally,abuildingsitethatcombinestombsandsacrificialaltars(祭坛)wasdiscoveredforthefirsttime.Expertsnotedthatthediscoveryofthissiteis39.(high)significantforgainingdeeperinsightsintothesocialstructures,organizationalmanagement,humanenvironmentrelationships,andjadeprocessingpracticesofthelateHongshanculture.Italsoplays40.importantroleinexploringtheearlyformationofritual(庆典的)systemsintheancientHongshanstate41.supportingtheeffortstohaveHongshanculture42.(recognize)asaUNESCOWorldHeritagesite.四、单词拼写(★)43.Thegirlusedtobeshy,butg________shegotactiveingroupworkandnowismorewillingtoexpressherself.(根据首字母单词拼写)(★★★)44.Itisdifficulttomakeac________withherpreviousbook—theyarecompletelydifferent.（根据首字母单词拼写）(★★)45.Whenthefirealarmwentoffunexpectedly,thestudentsp________andrushedfortheexits,causingadangerousbottleneckinthehallways.(根据首字母单词拼写)(★★★)46.Hewashappytowithdrawfromsociallife,seekingah________relationshipwithnatureinthequietnessofhislife.(根据首字母单词拼写)(★★)47.Theteacheraskedthestudentstoavoidi________eachotherduringclassdiscussionstomaintainarespectfullearningenvironment.(根据首字母单词拼写)(★★)48.Workingasateachingassistant,Iame________withskillsandknowledgeneededforfutureteaching.(根据首字母单词拼写)(★★★)49.Theweatherwasterriblebutwecarriedonwiththeworkr________.(根据首字母单词拼写)(★★★)50.Extended________(暴露)tosunlightwithoutproperprotectioncanleadtosevereskindamageandincreasetheriskofskincancer.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)(★)51.Hewasnotjustatalent.Hewasamongthemost____________(有影响力的)figuresinfilmhistory.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)(★★★)52.Sciencemaybeabletoprovidesomeexplanationsforthesemysterious________(现象).(根据汉语提示单词拼写)(★★)53.Nowadaysthe________(优先事项)fortravellingisshiftedfromshoppingtofoodandscenery.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)(★★)54.Hewasalways________(乐观),evenwhenthingswereattheirworst.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)(★★)55.Theguidebookoffers________(实用的)advicefortravelers,includingtipsonhowtostaysafeanddealwithunfamiliarsituations.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)(★★★)56.Thecompany’s________(一贯的)innovationhasallowedittostayaheadofitscompetitorsintherapidlychangingtechindustry.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)(★★★)57.The________(扩张)oftherailwaynetworkhasfacilitatedthemovementofgoodsandpeopleacrossthecountry.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)五、书信写作(★★★)58.假设你是李华，刚从上海旅游回来。请给你的英国朋友Chris写一封邮件分享此次经历，内容包括：1.旅行经历；2.你的感受。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearChris,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua六、书面表达(★★★★)59.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。NearlythirtyyearsagoIwasatraineeengineerbasedinLiverpool.Iwashundredsofmilesfromhome,butIhadaniceplacetolivein,wasn’toverworked,hadagoodbunchoffriendsandplentyofmoneyinmypocket.OneSaturdaymorningIdecidedtowalkintoLiverpoolcitycentreandbuymyselfsomething.Ididn’tneedanything.Iwasjustgoingtospendsomemoney!ThewalkwasaboutfourmilesandtookmethroughToxteth,anareawhichtwoyearslaterwoulderuptintorioting,largelybecauseofthepovertyoftheplace.Istoppedinastoretobuymyselfsomesweetsforthewalk.WhileIwasmakingupmymindwhichonetochoose,thedooropenedandinwalkedthis“ragamuffin”(邋遢的人).Itlookedlikeshemighthav