山东省聊城市2021-2022学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题（含答案）

山东省聊城市2021-2022学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五六七八九总分评分一、听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）。1．Whosebikeisit?A．Linda's B．Lily's C．Lucy's2．Whattimeisitnow?A．Eight B．Seven C．Halfpastsix3．WhydidthewomangotoAustralia?A．Tohaveaholiday B．Todosomebusiness C．Tovisitheruncle4．Howwasthemovie?A．ItwasnotthatbadB．TheplotwasnotinterestingC．Theactors'performancewasgreat5．Whatdidthewomanthinkofthewedding?A．Itwasromantic B．Itwasserious C．Itwasterrible二、听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项(共15小题；每小题l.5分，满分22.5分)听录音，回答问题。6．Howlongwillthehotweathercontinue?A．Fortwodays. B．Forthreedays. C．Foraweek.7．Whatwillthemando?A．Takesomeflowerseedstohisgrandmother.B．Helphisgrandmotherclearthegarden.C．Preparetogrowsomeflowers听录音，回答问题。8．Whatisthewoman,probably?A．Acashier B．Abankworker C．Arepairman9．Whydoesthemanneedhelp?A．Themachinehasn'tgivenhiscardback.B．Hecan'twithdrawanymoneyfromtheATM.C．Hecan'tputmoneyintohisaccount.听录音，回答问题。10．Whereistheconversationtakingplace?A．Inahospital. B．Onthetelephone. C．Intheman'shouse.11．WhatisLucy'sproblem?A．Shehashadaheartattack.B．Hergrandmotherhashadaheartattack.C．Shecan'tfindhergrandmother.12．WhatdoesthedoctoradviseLucytodo?A．Tobuysomemedicine.B．Toclosethewindow.C．Tocallanambulance.听录音，回答问题。13．Whatdoesthewomanusuallytakewithher?A．Alotofcash. B．Somecreditcards. C．Acreditcard.14．Wheredoesthewomanmainlygo?A．Departmentstores. B．Shoestores. C．Jewelrystores.15．Whatdoesthewomanusuallybuy?A．Luxuryitems.B．Veryfashionableitems.C．Verycheapitems.16．Howwouldyoudescribethewoman?A．Ashopaholic. B．Acautiousbuyer. C．Apickybuyer.听录音，回答问题。17．HowmanyradiostationsdoesBBCWeatherprovideradioweatherforecastsfor?A．Four B．Five C．Six18．Whendidtheradioweatherforecastbecomeadailyservice?A．OnNovember14th,2002B．OnNovember14th,1922C．OnMarch26th,192319．Whathappenedin1924?A．Thefirstweatherforecastwasbroadcast.B．ThefirstShippingForecastwasbroadcast.C．TheBBC'sBroadcasthouseopened.20．Whatmaderadiobroadcastingbecomeevenmoreimportant?A．Theoutbreakofwarin1939.B．Thegrowingdemandforpublicprograms.C．ThefoundationoftheBBC'sBroadcastingHouse.三、短文阅读(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Volunteeringmeansworkingforfreetohelpsomeoneelse.Mrs.Obamasaysvolunteeringisveryimportant."Itshouldbepartofeveryone'slife,"shesays.Manyteensagree.Theysaythathelpingothersfeelsgreatandmakesadifference.Thesedays,moreteensvolunteerthanworkforpay.Teenscleanupparks,walkdogsatanimalshelters,visittheelderly,andmore.Somecities,includingSeattle,Chicago,andWashingtonD.C.,requirehighschoolstudentstovolunteer.Studentsmustvolunteerinordertograduate.Thestudentvolunteerslearnnewskillsandhelptheircommunities.Manyparentssubscribetotheidea,sayingvolunteeringhelpsteensbuildjobskills.Butmostteensdon'twanttobeforcedtovolunteer.Theysaytheyarebusy.Andtheysayvolunteeringisonlyfunifit'sachoice.Readbothsidesofthedebateanddecide.Pros:1）Volunteeringcanhelpteensgetintocollegeorgetajob;2）Manycitiesandtownsneedhelp.Volunteerscanhelpkeepimportantprogramsgoing;3）Notallteenswillvolunteerifitisn'trequired.Studentsaredemandedtohavethisrecordforgraduation,andgetreadyforadultlife.Cons:1）Mostteensarealreadyverybusywithclasses,homework,jobs,andsports.Forcingthemtodomoreisn'tfair;2）Itshouldbeuptoeachperson.Helpingdoesn'tfeelgoodifyoumustdoit;3）Findingavolunteerjobisn'talwayseasy.Studentsshouldn'tbekeptfromgraduatingbecauseofsomethingtheycan'tcontrol.21．InWashingtonD.C.,volunteeringis________.A．oneverycitizen B．greattolearnsomethingnewC．fairlyeasytofind D．attachedtohighschoolgraduation22．Inwhichaspectwillthe"Cons"sidemostdisagreewiththe"Pros"sideonvolunteering?A．Whetherit'srelatedtosports.B．Whetherithelpsthecitytomove.C．Whetheritiseasilyavailabletoteens.D．Whetheritisrequiredtograduate.23．Thisshortpassageisintendedto________.A．showdifferentopinionsonvolunteeringB．analyzethebestqualitytodovolunteeringC．developstudents'determinationtobecomevolunteersD．listpossibleapproachestotakingpartinvolunteeringjobs阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Partiesandsocialgatheringsnolongerexciteusthesamewaytheyoncedid.Thisisnotduetoalackofdesiretosocialize,butthesmartphone.Atparties,peoplefocusmoreontheirsmartphonesthanontheirdrinks.AccordingtoarecentstudyfromInternationalDataCorporation,overhalfofallAmericanshaveasmartphoneandreachitthemomenttheywakeup,keepingitinhandallday.Inaddition,toomanypeopleareusingsmartphoneswhiledriving,andasaresult,theygetintocarcrashes.34percentofteensadmittotextwhiledriving,andtheyconfirmthattextingmessagesisthemajorinterruptionwhiledriving.People'sattachment(依恋)totheirsmartphonesisunbelievablybecomingmoreimportantthanthelivesofthemselvesandothers.Justasdriversdismisstheimportanceoffocusingwhileontheroad,manypeoplealsofailtorecognizethesignificanceofhumaninteraction.Whenwiththeirfriends,somepeoplepointlessly(无谓地)checkorsendmessagesinthepresenceoftheirfriends,whichmeansthattheirfriendsarelessimportant.Inaddition,relyingonoursmartphonestomakefriendsdoesnotgiveusthesameadvantagesasmakingnewfriendsintherealworld.Face­to­faceconversationswillgiveusthechancetoimproveourcommunicationskillsinthelongrun.Asmanypeoplerisktheirlivesandthelivesofpeoplearoundthemjusttosendatextormindlesslychecktheirmessages,smartphonesareinmanywaysmoredangeroustopeople.Thetechnologyshowstheachievementweakenthevalueofcommunication.Notonlyisthesmartphoneaffectingourdesiretointeractfacetoface,butitisalsoloweringpeople'sabilitytocommunicate.24．Thepurposeofthistextisto________.A．callforanendtotheuseofthesmartphonewhiledrivingB．appealtoustopayattentiontocommunicationskillsC．expressaconcernabouttheoveruseofthesmartphoneD．adviseustobecautiousabouttheaddictiontothesmartphone25．Thesecondparagraphisdevelopedby________.A．givingexamples B．listingfiguresC．comparingfacts D．analyzingtheeffects26．Toomuchdependenceonthesmartphoneleadstothefactthat________.A．partiesandgatheringslimitpeople'ssocialcircleB．peoplearemoreandmorenarrow­mindedC．People'scommunicationskillsareweakenedD．face­to­facecommunicationbecomeslessimportant阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。WhenGitanjaliRaowas11,sheinventedequipmentthatquicklydetects(检测)leadinwater.ShebecametheyoungesteverwinneroftheDiscoveryEducation3MYoungScientistChallenge.In2016,thenewswasfullofstoriesaboutdangerousdrinkingwaterinFlint,Michigan.Thewaterhadtoomuchleadinit.Leadisametalthatcancausehealthproblemswhenpeopleeatordrinkit.Therewashometestequipmentthatcoulddetectleadinwater.Butthesetestsdidn'tworkverywell.Theytooktoolongandoftengavewrongresults.Gitanjaliwonderedifshecouldcreateatestthatwasquick,easy,andright.Oneday,Gitanjalireadanewsstoryaboutusingcarbonnanotubes(纳米管)totestforpoisonintheair.Thenanotubeswerecoatedwithachemicalthatstucktothepoison.Whenthepoisonstuck,itchangedthewayelectricityflowedthroughthetubes.Scientistscouldmeasuretheelectricflowtoseehowmuchpoisonwasintheair.Gitanjaliwonderedifshecouldusethesamewaytodetectleadinwater.Shee-mailedachemistryteacheratherlocalschool.Theydidn'thaveafancylab,butitwasgoodenoughforGitanjalitotestwhetherherdetectorcouldsenseleadatall.Theystartedbytestingcleanwater.Theelectricitymeterjumpedallovertheplace.Gitanjalilearnedhowtoadjustit.Nexttheyaddedtinyspoonsoflead.Aftermany,manytries—herdetectorworked.ThenGitanjalimadeaphoneappsouserscouldusetheresultsinstantlyontheirphones.Sheenteredherideainabignationalcompetition.Whenshewaspickedforthesemi-finals,shewasassignedanadvisortohelpherworkonherequipment.And—shewon!Gitanjali'snextgoalistosellherequipmentinstoresandmakeversionsthattestfordifferentkindsofpollution.Sheisalsoveryinterestedingenetics(遗传学).27．WhatcausedGitanjalitobethewinneroftheDiscoveryEducation3MYoungScientistChallenge?A．Herphoneappofdetectingleadintheair.B．Hernewdiscoveryofleadinwater.C．Herequipmentofdetectingleadinwater.D．Hernewideasoffindingleadintheair.28．WheredidGitanjaligettheinspirationofherinvention?A．Fromthe2016news. B．Fromthenewsstorysheread.C．Fromachemistryteacher. D．Fromachemistrylesson.29．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inParagraph5referto?A．Theplace. B．Herdetector.C．Thequantityofleadinwater. D．Theelectricitymeter.30．WhichwordscanbeusedtodescribeGitanjali?A．Determinedandcreative. B．Hard-workingandoutgoing.C．Confidentanddevoted. D．Energeticandsincere.四、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。EasyWaystoKeepYourBrainSharpEveryoneisforgetful,butasweage,westarttofeellikeourbrainsareslowingdownabit—andthatcanbeaveryannoyingthing.31．Readonforsometechniquesworthtrying.132．Peoplewhoregularlymadeplansandlookedforwardtoupcomingeventshada50percentreducedchanceofAlzheimer'sdisease(早老性痴呆症),accordingtoarecentstudy.33．Somethingassimpleassettingagoaltohaveaweeklycoffeedatewithafriendwilldo.There'sevidencethatpeoplewhohaveapurposeinlifeorwhoareworkingonlongorshort-termgoalsappeartodobetter.Inotherwords,keepyourbrainlookingforward.2Goforawalk.Mildlyraisedglucose(葡萄糖)levelscanharmtheareaofthebrainthathelpsyouformmemoriesandphysicalactivitycanhelpgetbloodglucosedowntonormallevels.Infact,exerciseproduceschemicalsthataregoodforyourbrain.34．3Learnsomethingnew.TakeaSpanishclassonline,joinadrawingclub,orlearntoplaycards.Astudyfoundthatmentalstimulation(刺激)limitstheweakeningeffectsofagingonmemoryandthemind.Butthebestthingforyourbrainiswhenyoulearnsomethingnewandarephysicallyactiveatthesametime.35．orgodancingwithyourfriends.A.Focusonthefuture.B.Thiscanbeespeciallyharmfultotheaged.C.Itshouldbesomethinglikelearninggardening.D.Sotakeafewminuteseachdaytodosomereading.E.Butdon'tworryifyourscheduleisn'tfilledwithlife-changingevents.F.Luckily,researchshowsthereisalotyoucandotoavoidthosemoments.G.Inotherwords,whenyoutakecareofyourbody,youtakecareofyourbrain.五、语言知识运用（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Aprofessorwasteachinghisclass.Allthestudentswerelisteningtohis36．withgreatinterest.Buttherewasonestudentwhose37．ofmindshowedhewasinabadmood.Theprofessortooknoticeofthisstudentonthefirstdaybutdidnotsayanything.Butwhenthis38．foraweek,heasked."Youare39．inspiritsallthetime.Whatisthematter?Havesometrouble?""Sir,that..."thestudentsaid."...somethinghashappenedinmypast,40．whichIremaintroubled.Idon'tknowwhattodo."Theprofessorwasa(n)41．goodperson.Hecalledthestudentathishouseintheevening.Whenthestudent42．theprofessor'shouse,hewasgreetedwitha43．welcome.Theprofessorwenttothekitchenandstartedmakinglemonadeforhisstudent.He44．putmoresaltinthelemonade.45．thestudenthadatasteofit,hismouthbecamesour.46．this,theprofessorasked,"Didyounotlikethelemonade?""No,sir,thisisnotthe47．.Justalittlemoresaltinthedrink,"thestudentsaid."Nowit'suseless.Iwillthrowitaway."Theprofessor48．hishandtogettheglassofdrinkfromthestudent.Butthestudentrefused,saying,"No,sir.Ifyouaddmore49．,thetastewillbefine."Uponhearingthis,theprofessorbecameseriousandsaid,"Youareright.That'swhatIwantto50．.Justassaltcannotbetakenoutofthelemonade,thosebadexperiencesalsocannot51．life.Addingmoresugarcanchangethetasteoflemonade.Ina(n)52．way,sweetnesshastobedissolved(溶解）inlifetoforgetbadexperiences,Iwantyoutotakethesweetnessinyourlifeinto53．now."Tohisrelief,thestudent54．himanddecidedfromthenonhewouldnotbetroubledbythe55．.36．A．custom B．lecture C．request D．arrangement37．A．absence B．attitude C．presence D．target38．A．heldon B．livedon C．wenton D．movedon39．A．along B．away C．up D．down40．A．dueto B．inspiteof C．inadditionto D．farfrom41．A．hardly B．extremely C．informally D．previously42．A．arrivedat B．searchedfor C．tookover D．escapedfrom43．A．rude B．romantic C．cold D．warm44．A．purposely B．absolutely C．sadly D．gratefully45．A．Solongas B．Assoonas C．Unless D．Evenif46．A．Feeling B．Hearing C．Seeing D．Smelling47．A．deal B．amount C．luck D．case48．A．reached B．removed C．released D．relaxed49．A．salt B．sugar C．oil D．wine50．A．sufferfrom B．getthrough C．getacross D．breakup51．A．resultfrom B．beseparatedfromC．recoverfrom D．besavedfrom52．A．ultimate B．natural C．original D．similar53．A．energy B．advice C．account D．effort54．A．confused B．warned C．understood D．rejected55．A．mass B．majority C．duty D．past六、语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。TheBritishspendalotoftheirfreetimewatchingandplayingsport.Oneofthe56．(popular)sportsofallis,ofcourse,footballorsoccer.EveryfouryearslotsofdifferentcountriesplayintheWorldCup,whichEnglishwonin1966,57．TVwasstillinblackandwhite!ThegamewasatWembleyStadiuminLondonandtheQueenwastheretopresentthetrophy.Apartfrom58．(watch)thebigmatchesplayedbyprofessionals,manypeopleenjoyplayingfootballwith59．(they)friendsinlocalparks.Coachesarealwayslookingforpossiblefuturestarsforbothmen'sand60．(woman)teams.RugbyisanothersportthatisverypopularintheUK.Itisalsoplayed61．(wide)acrosstheworld.Inrugbyplayersneed62．(protect)fromotherplayers.Itcanbeaveryphysicalgame.ThegameisverypopularalloverBritainandSixNationsTournamentsisplayed63．England,Ireland,Scotland,Wales,FranceandItaly.Rugby64．(play)inmanyschoolstoday.TherearealotofmarathonracesallovertheUKand65．Londonmarathonattractsover40,000runners.Sponsorrunsraisemillionsofpoundsforcharitieseveryyearandalsohelpthousandsofpeoplerunforfun.七、单词复习（用Book3Unit2&3所学单词的适当形式填空）（1*10=10分）66．Withtheassistanceofhiscolleague,shemanagedtomakeherdreama.在同事们的帮助下，她成功的把梦想变成了现实。67．TheCanadianschoolboydidn'tgiveup.Hewasdeterminedtoaidotherchildrenincleanwater.加拿大的这个男孩没有放弃。他下定决心要帮其他孩子获得干净的水。68．Wearegratefultoyoufortheyoumadetosociety.你对社会所做的贡献，我们非常感激。69．Ithinkthegirlistoemotionsthanotherstudentsintheclass.我觉得，这个女孩比班里其他孩子，对情绪更加的敏感。70．Manycharitesalwaysprovidetemporaryaidtopeoplewithdisabilities,includingfoodandmoneybypeopleinsociety.很多慈善机构经常给残疾人提供临时救助，包括社会上人们捐赠的食物和钱。71．Howcanwefaceallkindsofdifficultiesintelligentlyand?我们如何机智和灵活的应对所有困难呢？72．Hetosucceed,sohesetsanaimandstickstoit.他渴望成功，所以他设置了目标并且一直坚持。73．Thediscoveryofthenewdrugisofgreattopeoplesufferingfromheartproblems.这种新药的发现，对遭受心脏问题的人具有重要意义。74．Itisreportedthatthreepeoplewerekilledandfiveinthisaccident.据报道，这场事故有3人死亡，5人受伤。75．It'simportanttofollowtheserightandkeepsafeduringtheexperiment.实验中，按照正确的程序很重要，这能保证安全。八、书面表达（15分）76．假定你是李华,想邀请英国交换生David下周一参加你校举办的“科技节”，并观赏学生们的“科技小发明”。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：1）写信意图；2）活动时间和地点；3）活动目的和内容。注意：1）词数80左右；2）可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯；3）开头和结尾已给出,但不计入总词数。参考词汇:科技小发明technologygadgetsDearDavid,Lookingforwardtoyourreplyandexpectingyourcoming.Yours,LiHua九、读后续写(满分25分）77．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150​左右。Formanyyears,Ihadarecurring(反复出现的)dream.Iwasalittlegirlagain,rushingabout,tryingtogetreadyforschool."Hurry,you'llbelateforschool,"mymothercalledtome."Iamhurrying,Mom!WhatdidIdowithmybooks?"DeepinsideIknewwherethedreamcamefrom.Itwasaboutsomeunfinishedbusinessinmylife.Asakid,Ilovedeverythingaboutschool.Ilovedbooks,teachers,testsandhomework.MostofallIlongedtosomedaymarchdowntheaisle(通道)toreceivemydiploma.Thatseemedmoreappealingeventhangettingmarried.Butat15,Ihadtodropoutbecausemyparentscouldn'taffordmytuition(学费).Myhopeofgettingadiplomawasdead,orsoIthought.Prettysoon,Imarriedandhadthreechildren,andIthought:"Theregoesmydiploma."Evenso,Iwantedmychildrentobeeducated.ButLinda,ouryoungestchild,hadjuvenilearthritis(幼年型关节炎)inherhandsandknees,whichmadeitimpossibleforhertofunctioninanormalclassroom.IfeltreallysorryforherandIdidn'twanthertoliveherlifewithregret.Ididn'tgiveuphopeofherbeingbacktoschoolinsomeway.Oneday,Isawanadinthenewspaperforeveningcourses."That'stheanswer,"Isaidtomyself.Lindaalwaysfeltbetterintheevening,soIwouldjustsignherupfornightschool.Lindawasbusyfillingoutenrollment(入学)formswhenthesecretarysaid:"Mrs.Schantz,whydon'tyoucomebacktoschool?"Ilaughed,"There'snoway!I'm55!"Buthepersisted,andbeforeIknewwhatIhaddone,IwasenrolledforclassesinEnglishandcrafts."Thisisonlyanexperiment,"Iwarnedhim,buthejustsmiled.So,Itoldmyselftotryforjustasemesterandtoseeifitwouldwork.Anyway,mydreamwasstillthereinmyheart.Paragraph1:Itwasexcitingtogotoschoolagainbutitwasnogame.Paragraph2:LindaandIsaweachotherthroughalltheseyears.

答案解析部分1．【答案】B2．【答案】C3．【答案】B4．【答案】B5．【答案】C【答案】6．C7．A【答案】8．B9．C【答案】10．B11．B12．C【答案】13．C14．A15．C16．B【答案】17．B18．C19．B20．A【答案】21．D22．D23．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过米歇尔·奥巴马引出自愿者这个话题，进而介绍了自愿者工作的情况，并且讨论了学生是否要做自愿者。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。21．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Somecities,includingSeattle,Chicago,andWashingtonD.C.,requirehighschoolstudentstovolunteer.Studentsmustvolunteerinordertograduate.”一些城市，包括西雅图、芝加哥和华盛顿特区，要求高中生做志愿者。学生必须作志愿者工作才能毕业。可知，在华盛顿特区志愿者和高中毕业相关。故选D。22．考查推理判断。根据Pros部分中的“Studentsaredemandedtohavethisrecordforgraduation,andgetreadyforadultlife.”学生们被要求有这份（志愿者）记录才能毕业，并为成年生活做准备；以及Cons部分中的“Studentsshouldn'tbekeptfromgraduatingbecauseofsomethingtheycan'tcontrol.”学生不应该因为一些他们无法控制的事情而被阻止毕业。推知，在志愿服务的问题上，“支持者”和“反对者”最有争议的是志愿者经历是否是毕业所必须的。故选D。23．考查推理判断。根据第四段“Manyparentssubscribetotheidea,sayingvolunteeringhelpsteensbuildjobskills.Butmostteensdon'twanttobeforcedtovolunteer.Theysaytheyarebusy.Andtheysayvolunteeringisonlyfunifit'sachoice.”许多家长赞同这一观点，称志愿服务有助于青少年培养工作技能。但大多数青少年并不想被迫去做志愿者。他们说他们很忙。他们说志愿活动只有在自愿的情况下才有趣。以及下文陈述支持方和反对方各自的观点推知，本文的目的陈述关于志愿服务的不同观点。故选A。【答案】24．C25．A26．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍手机给人们带来的不良的影响。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。24．考查推理判断。根据第一段“Partiesandsocialgatheringsnolongerexciteusthesamewaytheyoncedid.Thisisnotduetoalackofdesiretosocialize,butthesmartphone.”聚会和社交聚会不再像以前那样使我们兴奋了。这并不是因为缺少社交的欲望，而是因为智能手机。可知，本文通过描述人们在社交场合或开车时埋头使用手机这一现象，提出了这一现象背后值得思考的话题：手机的过度使用影响到了人们的日常生活和交流。故选C。25．考查推理判断。根据第二段中“Atparties,peoplefocusmoreontheirsmartphonesthanontheirdrinks.AccordingtoarecentstudyfromInternationalDataCorporation,overhalfofallAmericanshaveasmartphoneandreachitthemomenttheywakeup,keepingitinhandallday.Inaddition,toomanypeopleareusingsmartphoneswhiledrivingandasaresult,theygetintocarcrashes.”在派对上，人们更关注他们的智能手机而不是他们的饮料。根据InternationalDataCorporation最近的一项研究，超过一半的美国人有一部智能手机，他们一起床就会拿到它，一整天都拿着它。此外，太多的人在开车时使用智能手机，因此，他们会发生车祸。可知，第二段讲述人们使用手机的情况，比如在聚会上使用手机，以及青少年开车时使用手机发短信的具体事例，因此该段是通过给出一系列的例子来阐述观点的。故选A。26．考查细节理解。根据最后一段“Asmanypeoplerisktheirlivesandthelivesofpeoplearoundthemjusttosendatextormindlesslychecktheirmessages,smartphonesareinmanywaysmoredangeroustopeople.Thetechnologyshowstheachievementweakenthevalueofcommunication.Notonlyisthesmartphoneaffectingourdesiretointeractfacetoface,butitisalsoloweringpeople'sabilitytocommunicate.”由于许多人冒着生命危险和周围人的生命危险，只是为了发短信或无意识地查看他们的信息，智能手机在许多方面对人们更加危险。技术表明，这一成就削弱了沟通的价值。智能手机不仅影响了我们面对面交流的欲望，还降低了人们的沟通能力。介绍了人们埋头使用手机的坏处是降低人们的沟通能力，故选C。【答案】27．C28．B29．D30．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个11岁的女孩发明了一个能快速检测出水中是否含有铅的设备。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，代词指代和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。27．考查细节理解。根据第一段“WhenGitanjaliRaowas11,sheinventedequipmentthatquicklydetects(检测)leadinwater.ShebecametheyoungesteverwinneroftheDiscoveryEducation3MYoungScientistChallenge.”Gitanjali11岁时，她发明了一种能够快速检测水中铅的设备。她成为探索教育3M青年科学家挑战赛有史以来最年轻的获胜者。可知,因为Gitanjali发明了能快速检测出水中是否含有铅的设备，所以她成为该奖项的获得者。故选C。28．考查细节理解。根据第四段“Oneday,Gitanjalireadanewsstoryaboutusingcarbonnanotubes(纳米管)totestforpoisonintheair.Thenanotubeswerecoatedwithachemicalthatstucktothepoison.Whenthepoisonstuck,itchangedthewayelectricityflowedthroughthetubes.Scientistscouldmeasuretheelectricflowtoseehowmuchpoisonwasintheair.Gitanjaliwonderedifshecouldusethesamewaytodetectleadinwater.”一天，Gitanjali读到一篇关于使用碳纳米管检测空气中有毒物质的新闻报道。纳米管上涂有一种化学物质，这种化学物质附着在毒物上。当毒药卡住时，它改变了电流通过管子的方式。科学家可以测量电流，看看空气中有多少毒素。Gitanjali想知道她是否可以用同样的方法检测水中的铅。可知,Gitanjali是从她阅读的一篇新闻报道中得到的发明灵感。故选B。29．考查代词指代。根据第五段中的“Theelectricitymeterjumpedallovertheplace.”电表跳得到处都是。可知,该代词指代的是上文的theelectricitymeter。故选D。30．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“WhenGitanjaliRaowas11,sheinventedequipmentthatquicklydetects(检测)leadinwater.”Gitanjali11岁时，她发明了一种能够快速检测水中铅的设备。可知，Gitanjali是富有创造性的人；以及第五段中的“Aftermany,manytries—herdetectorworked.”经过多次尝试，她的探测器工作了。可知她是意志坚定的人。故选A。【答案】31．F；32．A；33．E；34．G；35．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，每个人都是健忘的，但是随着年龄的增长，我们开始觉得我们的大脑有点迟钝了——这可能是一件非常烦人的事情。作者就如何避免健忘提出了一些建议。

【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。31．根据空前“Everyoneisforgetful,butasweage,westarttofeellikeourbrainsareslowingdownabit—andthatcanbeaveryannoyingthing.”每个人都是健忘的，但是随着年龄的增长，我们开始觉得我们的大脑有点迟钝了——这可能是一件非常烦人的事情；以及空后“Readonforsometechniquesworthtrying.”继续阅读下面这些值得尝试的技巧)由此可知，本句承上启下，说明虽然每个人都会随着年龄增加而健忘，但是有研究表明，你可以做一些事情来避免这样的时刻。F.Luckily,researchshowsthereisalotyoucandotoavoidthosemoments.“幸运的是，研究表明，你可以做很多事情来避免这样的时刻”符合语境，故选F。32．根据空后“Peoplewhoregularlymadeplansandlookedforwardtoupcomingeventshada50percentreducedchanceofAlzheimer'sdisease(早老性痴呆症),accordingtoarecentstudy.”根据最近的一项研究，经常制定计划并期待即将发生的事情的人患老年痴呆症的几率降低了50%。可知，本段提出的方法是关注未来。A.Focusonthefuture.“关注未来”符合语境，故选A。33．根据空后“Somethingassimpleassettingagoaltohaveaweeklycoffeedatewithafriendwilldo.There'sevidencethatpeoplewhohaveapurposeinlifeorwhoareworkingonlongorshort-termgoalsappeartodobetter.Inotherwords,keepyourbrainlookingforward.”一些简单的事情，比如设定一个目标，每周和朋友一起喝杯咖啡就可以了。有证据表明，那些在生活中有目标的人，或者那些致力于长期或短期目标的人表现得更好。换句话说，让你的大脑向前看。可知，本句启示下文，说明日程表如果没有一些可以改变生活的事情，也没有关系，后文则提出了一些建议。E.Butdon'tworryifyourscheduleisn'tfilledwithlife-changingevents.“但是如果你的日程表上没有改变生活的事情，也不要担心”符合语境，故选E。34．根据空前“Mildlyraisedglucose(葡萄糖)levelscanharmtheareaofthebrainthathelpsyouformmemoriesandphysicalactivitycanhelpgetbloodglucosedowntonormallevels.Infact,exerciseproduceschemicalsthataregoodforyourbrain.”轻度升高的葡萄糖水平会伤害大脑中帮助你形成记忆的区域，而体育活动可以帮助你将血糖降至正常水平。事实上，运动产生的化学物质对你的大脑有益。可知，上文提到了体育运动能够对身体有益，从而也对大脑有益，即当你照顾好你的身体时，你也照顾好了你的大脑。G.Inotherwords,whenyoutakecareofyourbody,youtakecareofyourbrain.“换句话说，当你照顾好你的身体时，你也照顾好了你的大脑”符合语境，故选G。35．根据空前“Butthebestthingforyourbrainiswhenyoulearnsomethingnewandarephysicallyactiveatthesametime.”但对你的大脑来说，最好的事情是当你学习新东西的时候，同时身体也活跃起来。可知，本句承接上文，举例说明学习什么样的事情，可以让身体和大脑活跃起来。C.Itshouldbesomethinglikelearninggardening.“应该是像学习园艺，或者和你的朋友去跳舞这样的事情”符合语境，故选C。【答案】36．B；37．A；38．C；39．D；40．A；41．B；42．A；43．D；44．A；45．B；46．C；47．D；48．A；49．B；50．C；51．B；52．D；53．C；54．C；55．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位教授以用柠檬、盐和糖的关系来开导情绪低落的学生。

【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，连词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。36．句意：所有的学生都在饶有兴趣地听他的演讲。A.custom“习俗”；B.lecture“讲课”；C.request“要求”；D.arrangement“安排”。根据上文“Aprofessorwasteachinghisclass.”可知，这里是在讲课。故选B。37．句意：但是有一个心不在焉的学生表现出他心情不好。A.absence“缺席”；B.attitude“态度”；C.presence“出现”；D.target“目标”。根据空后“showedhewasinabadmood.”可知，这位学生心情不好，所以上课时心不在焉。故选A。38．句意：但当这种情况持续了一个星期后，他问。A.heldon“坚持”；B.livedon“靠……生活”；C.wenton“继续”；D.movedon“继续向前”。根据空后“foraweek”可知，情况时持续了一个星期之久。故选C。39．句意：你总是情绪低落。A.along“沿着”；B.away“离开”；C.up“情绪高昂”；D.down“情绪低落”。根据上文“showedhewasinabadmood.”可知，这个学生一直情绪低落，心情不好。故选D。40．句意：我的过去发生了一些事情，为此我一直困扰着。A.dueto“由于”；B.inspiteof“尽管”；C.inadditionto“除……之外”；D.farfrom“远离”。本句为非限制性定语从句，关系代词which代替的是上文“somethinghashappenedinmypast”，此处是指由于过去发生的事情，我一直深受困扰。故选A。41．句意：教授是一个非常好的人。A.hardly“几乎不”；B.extremely“极其”；C.informally“非正式地”；D.previously“先前地”。根据下文“Hecalledthestudentathishouseintheevening.”可知，这个教授是非常好的人，因为看到学生情绪低落，会想办法安慰。故选B。42．句意：当这个学生到达教授家时，他受到了热烈的欢迎。A.arrivedat“抵达”；B.searchedfor“寻找”；C.tookover“接管”；D.escapedfrom“逃离”。根据上文“Hecalledthestudentathishouseintheevening.”可知，这时学生到达了教授家。故选A。43．句意：当这个学生到达教授家时，他受到了热烈的欢迎。A.rude“粗鲁的”；B.romantic“浪漫的”；C.cold“冷的”；D.warm“热烈的”。根据下文“Theprofessorwenttothekitchenandstartedmakinglemonadeforhisstudent.”可知，学生收到了热情招待。故选D。44．句意：他故意在柠檬水里放更多的盐。A.purposely“故意的”；B.absolutely“绝对地”；C.sadly“悲伤地”；D.gratefully“感激地”。根据下文“Iwantyoutotakethesweetnessinyourlifeinto18now.”可知，教授是为了教学生一些道理，才故意给学生柠檬水放很多盐的。故选A。45．句意：这个学生一尝，他的嘴就变酸了。A.Solongas“只要”；B.Assoonas“一……就”；C.Unless“除非”；D.Evenif“即使”。根据空后“thestudenthadatasteofit,hismouthbecamesour.”可知，前后句是几乎同时发生，因此要用assoonas引导时间状语从句。故选B。46．句意：看到这些，教授问：“你不喜欢柠檬水吗？”A.Feel