北京市海淀区2023-2024学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题（原卷版）

第1页/共1页海淀区高一年级练习英语考生须知1．本试卷共8页，共四部分，62道题。满分100分。考试时间90分钟。2．在试卷和答题纸上准确填写学校名称、班级名称、姓名。3．答案一律填涂或书写在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。4．在答题纸上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其余题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。5．考试结束，请将本试卷和答题纸一并交回。第一部分：听力理解（共四节，20分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，共5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。1．Howmightthemangettotheconveniencestore?A．Onfoot.B．Bybike.C．Bybus.2．Howlonghasthewomanlearnedtopaint?A．Foroneyear.B．Fortwomonths.C．Forseveralyears.3．WhatmakesDavidadmirable?A．Histalentformusic.B．Hissuccessinteaching.C．Hiswillingnesstohelpothers.4．Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A．Inagym.B．Inanoffice.C．Ontheplayground.5．What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A．Motherandson.B．Teacherandstudent.C．Brotherandsister.第二节（共7小题；每小题1分，共7分）听下面3段对话。每段对话后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有5秒钟的时间来阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话你将听两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7小题。6．Whattypeofworkdoesthewomando?A．Shedealswithdataonairpollution.B．Shecollectsinformationontransportation.C．Shemonitorstheprogressofmovingfactoriesout.7．HowdoesLilyinformpeopleofhighpollutionlevels?A．Bywritingairqualityreports.B．Bysendingoutpush-messages.C．BysubscribeingtoaWeChataccount.听第7段材料，回答第8至9小题。8．Wherearethespeakersgoingfortheweekend?A．Toacampsite.B．Toariver.C．Toaforest.9．Whatarethetwospeakersdoing?A．ReadingaroadmapB．Decidingonaroute.C．Preparingforapicnic.听第8段材料，回答第10至12小题。10．Whatdidthewomangetpublishedlately?A．Apoem.B．Areview.C．Astory.11．Howwouldthewoman’sprojectbenefittheman?A．Hecanhavehispoemspublished.B．Hecansetuphisownwriter’sgroup.C．Hecangetadvicefromothermembers.12．Whydoesthewomanmakethephonecall?A．Tointroduceaclub.B．Tosharewritingskills.C．Tomakeaninvitation.第三节（共5小题；每小题1分，共5分）听下面一段独白，完成第13至17五道小题，每小题仅填写1个词。听独白前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段独白你将听两遍。HowtoliveasustainablelifeOurworldisfacinggreatchallengesduetoourconsumptionhabits.Weallneedtomakea/an13towardssustainability.Foodchoices●Chooselocalplant-based14Traveloptions●Usepublictransportationor15Energyusage●Turnofflightswhennotinuse●Adjustheatingand16systemsShoppinghabits●Choosedurableand17items●Embracetheconceptofsharingandrepairinggoods第四节（共3小题；每小题1分，共3分）听下面一段独白，回答第18至20小题。听独白前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段独白你将听三遍。18．Wherecanbamboobefoundgrowing?19．Whatarebamboo,pinetreesandplumblossomsknownasinChina?20．Whatkindofpersondoesbamboosymbolize?第二部分：知识运用（共两节，20分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。ItwasaSaturdayafternoonwhenIwasjustten.Mygrandmotherenteredthediningroomwiththemailandplaceditbymymother,who___1___thethinenveloperathercautiously,pausedandthentosseditintothewastepaperbasket.“Youcanatleastopenit,”mygrandmothersaid.“Idon’twanttoseeonemore___2___letter.Period!”mymotheranswered.“PoorMommy,”Isaid.“Don’tfeelbad.You’reagoodwriter.”Butthewordsofaten-year-old,whileappreciated,werelostinthethickairofadult___3___thatfilledtheroom.Ignoringmymother’sresponse,mygrandmotherturnedthebasketoverandpulledouttheenvelope.She___4___opentheletterandreaditsilently.Myheartwasracingwithexpectationasshesuddenlystraightenedupandchargedatherdaughter,pushingtheletterundermymother’snose.“There!There!”“Please,Mother,”mymothersaidsadlyasshepushedtheletteraway.“Readit!”mygrandmotherpusheditback.“It’san___5___!”Mymotherstopped.Shelookedfirstatme,thenatmygrandmother.Slowly,shereadthewords:“Weare___6___toinformyou...”Iwatchedherfaceturnfrom___7___tojoy.Shejumpedupandhuggedmygrandmother,whosefacewasnowshiningasifsaying___8___Iknewyouwouldsucceed.Now,yearslater,wheneverIamhesitanttoopenmyownlettersinfearofrejection(拒绝),Icanfeelmymotherandgrandmotherreachforthebasket,___9___metoopenthem.AndIalsohavemysontocheermeup.“Don’tworry,Mommy.You’reagoodwriter.”Iknowitnolongermatterswhetherthemailholdsanacceptanceorarejection,forIhavelearnedaboutthepowerof___10___support.1.A.eyed B.handed C.opened D.received2.A.invitation B.rejection C.explanation D.recommendation3.A.anger B.concern C.confusion D.tension4.A.cut B.tore C.forced D.broke5A.award B.apology C.acceptance D.advertisement6.A.relieved B.regretful C.happy D.sad7.A.disbelief B.dissatisfaction C.disagreement D.disappointment8.A.calmly B.gratefully C.patiently D.proudly9.A.encouraging B.allowing C.reminding D.instructing10.A.unchangeable B.unconditional C.unforgettable D.unintentional第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Modernarthasbeenasubjectofdebateforyears,withsomearguingthatit’stoohardtounderstand.However,it’simportant___11___(recognize)thatmodernartservesakeypurposeinsociety.Artistscontinuallyexperimentwithnewtechniquesandideas,___12___(push)thelimitsofwhatartcanbe.Whatevertypesofartpiecestheycreate,modernartistschallengeourviewsandforceustothink___13___(different).Understandingmodernartrequiresustogodeeperintoitsmeaningandcontext,whichinturnexpandsourworldview.B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Risinggascosts___14___(inspire)asuddenincreaseininterestincarpoolsoverthepastfewyears.Formingasharedrideisagreatstrategyforsharingcurrentgascosts.Sharingridesalsomeansthatthelesstheparticipantsdrive,themorepositiveeffectsithas___15___environment.Whenwalking,biking,orpublictransportationisn’tanoption,ride-sharingbecomesa___16___(power)waytocutdownonthemilesdriven.Moreover,ride-sharing___17___(introduce)goodcompanyintowhatotherwisemightbelonelycartrips.Incarpools,neighborscanmeet,sharingstoriesandideas.C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Aftertakingpartinthe“GoJiangsu”program,Leopold,aChinese-Germanstudent,thoughthehadagoodgraspofbothChinesecultureandmodernization.WhilehewasvisitingtheYaoJianpingEmbroideryArtGallery,he___18___(attract)bytheunbelievablebeautyofSuzhouEmbroidery.___19___reallyamazedhimwasthepatienceandskillsbehindeverystitch(针).WalkingdownthePingjiangRoad,___20___ancientbuildingsmeetmodernlighting,hefelttherarecharmofSuzhou.Itoccurredtohimthatmodernizationdoesn’thavetomeangivinguptradition—theycanexistsidebyside.第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，34分）第一节（共12小题；每小题2分，共24分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AAsashoecobbler,JimMcFarlandhasspenthiscareerwithhiseyestraineddownwardonhiswork.Heneverexpectedanyonetocaremuchabouthiscraft.ButMcFarland,59,nowhasmorethan1millionfollowersonsocialmediaplatform.Hepostsvideosofhisworkasacobbler—fromreplacingthinsolestofixingzippers,reviving(恢复)rubberheelstoaddingcustomizedtouchestotimewornpieces.McFarlandbreathesnewlifeintoseeminglyunwearableshoesfromhisshopinLakeland,Florida.ViewersarefascinatedbyMcFarland’scarefulcobbling.Whileheoftenusesasandingmachine,hedoesmostoftheworkbyhandandwithbasictools.Inonevideo,whichhasbeenviewednearly60milliontimes,McFarlandrevivesandpersonalizesapairoflimited-editionboots,paintingthesolesadeepblueshade.Thevideoshowseverystepofthepainstakingprocess.AccordingtoMcFarland,becomingacobblerisn’tsimple.“Ittakesthreetofiveyearstolearnthetrade,”saidMcFarland,whocomesfromalonglineofcobblers.“Thisismyfamilyheritage,myhistory.We’vebeenatitforalongtime.”Asateen,McFarlandwasn’tkeenonbecomingacobbler.Whenhewas20,though,hisfathergotsick,andMcFarlanddroppedoutofcollegetohelphimrunthefamilybusiness.Heultimatelytookover.“Ihavenoregrets.Ireallylovebeinghere.”McFarlandsaid.McFarlandisanadvocateforbuyinghigh-qualityshoesandmendingthemasneeded,ratherthanpurchasinginexpensiveandtrendyshoesthattendtonotweatherwell.Hesaidhefrequentlyfixesshoesthataremorethan40yearsold.Whenhe’sfinishedwiththem,“they’llbegoodforprobablyanother30to50yearsifyoutakecareofthem,”hesaid.McFarland’smentalitygoesinlinewiththemendingmovement,whichpromotesrepairingratherthanreplacingbrokenthings.Unlikefastfashion,whichhasdisastrousconsequencesfortheenvironment,themendingmovementseekstoreduceconsumptionandwaste.“Goodmaterialcanalwaysberevived,”McFarlandsaid.“Itcanlastalifetime.”21.McFarland’svideosaresopopularbecausehe______.A.designsandcreatesnewstylesofshoesB.tellsinterestingstoriesaboutmendingshoesC.promotesoldprofessionswithmodernmachinesD.showsthedetailedprocessofrepairingshoesbyhand22.McFarland’scareerasashoemakerbeganwhen______.A.hegraduatedfromcollege B.hisfamilyneededhishelpC.hisvideogainedpopularity D.hefoundhischildhoodinterest23.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeMcFarland?A.Skillfulanddevoted. B.Open-mindedandcreative.C.Friendlyandconsiderate. D.Hard-workingandambitious.24.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Highqualitymakesfastfashion. B.Socialmediachallengestradition.C.Creativityholdsthekeytosuccess. D.Mendingcontributestoeco-fashion.BAsyoucraftyourresolutionsfor2025consideraddingonetoexperiencemoreflow.PsychologistMihályCsíkszentmihályihascalledflowas“thesecrettohappiness.”Flowisastateofpositiveexperiencethateachofuscanincorporateintooureverydaylives,onecharacterizedbygreatjoythatmakesalifeworthliving.Whenpeoplefeelflow,theyareinastateofintenseconcentration.Theirthoughtsarefocusedonanexperienceratherthanonthemselves.Theyloseasenseoftimeandfeelasiftheiractionsandawarenessbecomeone.Flowoccurswhenboththetask’schallengeandskilllevelarehigh.Peoplewillnotfeelflowwhentheyaredoingthedishes.Csíkszentmihályi’sresearchinthe1970sfocusedonpeopledoingtaskstheyenjoyed.Hestudiedswimmers,musiccomposers,dancers,mountainclimbersandotherathletes.Hefoundoutthatsolongasthattask’schallengeishigh,andsoareyourskills,youshouldbeabletoachieveflow.Whyisflow“thesecrettohappiness”?Foronething,theexperiencecanhelppeoplepursuetheirlong-termgoals.Researchshowsthattakingabreaktofeelflowcanenhanceone’sself-control,goalpursuitandwell-being.Arecentstudyalsoshowsthatflowhelpspeoplestayresilient(有适应力的)inthefaceofdifficulty.Partofthisisbecauseflowcanhelprefocusthoughtsawayfromsomethingstressfultosomethingenjoyable.Infact,studieshaveshownthatexperiencingflowcanhelpguardagainstdepressionandburnout.Whatisgoingoninthebrainduringflow?Studiesshowthattheexperienceisassociatedwithincreasingactivationinbrainstructuresrelatedtofeelingreward.Thismaybeonereasonwhyflowfeelssoenjoyableandwhypeoplearesofocusedontasksthatmakethemfeelflow.Researchalsoshowsthatflowisassociatedwithdampenedactivityinbrainstructuresrelatedtoself-focusandnegativethoughts.Thismayhelpexplainwhyfeelingflowcanhelpdistract(转移)peoplefromworry.However,theabove-mentionedstudieswerecorrelational,notcausal.Furtherstudyofthisconnectionisvital.25.Accordingtothepassage,flowismostlikelytooccurwhensomeoneis______.A.playingchessagainstatoughopponent B.attendingaconcertofhisfavoritesingerC.doingdailychoresforhisfamilymembers D.sharinghistravelingexperiencewithfriends26.Flowiscalled“thesecrettohappiness”partlybecauseitcanhelp______.A.turndemandingtasksintoeasieronesB.distractpeoplefromnegativethoughtsC.remindpeopletotakenecessarybreaksD.breaklong-termgoalsintoshorterones27.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dampened”inParagraph4mostprobablymean?A.Planned. B.Imbalanced. C.Reduced. D.Activated.28.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Whendoesthestateof“flow”occur? B.Whathappensinourbrainduring“flow”?C.Whydoesexperiencing“flow”feelsogood? D.Howcan“flow”beachievedineverydaylife?CIgetthatparentsworryaboutscreentime.Butspeakingasaresearcherstudyingtheeffectsofscreen-basedexperiences,screenscanbeagreattoolforreading.Digitalbooksgivechildrenuniqueopportunitiestolearnandimproveskillsthroughliteracyapps.Tothatend,Iamoneofmanyresearchersinthisfieldwhobelievethatdigitalreadingshouldnotbeconsideredscreentimeinthetraditionalsense.Withthelargenumberofeducationaltechnologicalproductsthatlackresearchandgooddesign,themillion-dollarquestionis:Whatmakesadigitalstorygoodforchildren’slearning?Overthepast20years,researchershaveidentifiedspecificdesignfeaturesandreadingsituationsthatmakesomedigitalbooksmoreeducationalthanothers.First,it’scrucialthatdigitalbooksofferhigh-qualitypersonalizedreadingexperiences.WithbooksthathaveAI-basedtextgeneratorsandamoreopen-endeddesign,childrenbecomemultimediacreators,co-writersandco-illustratorsoftheirownstoryuniverse.Second,digitalbookscansignificantlyenhancetheparent-childreadingexperience.Thequestionsembedded(嵌入的)indigitalbooksshouldmodelandexpandwhattheparentmightask,andthroughthismodeling,enhancethequalityofparents’talkaroundthebook.ButasmuchasIsupportdigitalreading,thecommercialturninthedevelopmentofedtechworriesme,particularlyinrelationtoprofit-drivendesignandmisuseofchildren’sdata.Likesomesocialmedia,subscriptionlibrariesturnkids’attentionintoacommodity(商品)throughautomaticbookrecommendations.Thesebooksareoftentiedtoadvertisingclicksandexhibitlowliteraryqualityintheirstories.Furthermore,there’softennocontentoversight,allowinganyonetobecomeapublisher,whichcanleadtothecreationofbiasedordata-gatheringmaterialstargetingchildren.GenerativeAIhasexpandedcontentcreationpossibilitiesbutalsoraisedconcernsaboutquality.Inthisregard,digitalbooks,likealledtech,needstrictqualitychecksandimprovedcollaborationbetweenresearchersanddevelopers.Anyway,thedigitalreadingformathasopenedanexcitingnewresearchfrontier.Thisincludesusingreal-timedatathatteachersandotherprofessionalscanusetoindividualizehowchildrenlearntoread.AIcanbeagoodpartnerinsupportingadults’choiceoftexts,promptsandreadingactivitiesforchildren,provideditistrainedwithdiversedataandvalidreadingmodels.Asresearchers’callsforevidence-basedchildren’sedtecharebeingheardbygovernmentsandfunders,Ihopethepasttwodecadesofe-bookresearchcandelivertheadvantagesofdigitalbookstoallchildren.Likeitornot,Ihopeyou’llseethat,atleastforreading,screenscanbeanamazingtooltoteachyourchildtoread.29.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardscountingdigitalreadingasscreentime?A.Supportive. B.Neutral. C.Cautious. D.Disapproving.30.Accordingtothepassage,digitalbookscontributeto______.A.moreopen-endedquestions B.qualityparent-childinteractionC.personalizeddesignfeatures D.changesinkids’readinghabits31.Whatarethemajorthreatstodigitalreading?A.Profit-drivendesignanddatamisuse. B.Thestrictchecksonthecontent.C.Thegreatnumberofadvertisements. D.Lowliteraryqualitybuthighprices.32.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Tohighlighttherisksofscreentime. B.Tointroducesomeadvancesinedtech.C.Toofferanotherviewondigitalreading. D.Topresentthebenefitsofreadingonline.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后所给的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。FeaturesofModern-DayHeroes:BeyondSuperpowersandCapesInmodernsociety,heroismhasevolved(演变)fromthetraditionalideaofabraveornoblecharactertoindividualswhoshowexceptionalcourage,selflessness,anddedicationtoacause.Fromhealthcareworkersandfirstresponderstosocialactivists,heroescomeinallshapesandforms.___33___Forthisquestion,weneedtoexaminethevariouscharacteristicsthatmakeapersonaheroandtheimpacttheyhaveonsociety.___34___Inancientmyths,heroismwasoftenassociatedwithfiguresorwarriorswithsuperhumanabilities.Theywereoftenshownaslarger-than-lifefigureswhorepresentedthevaluesandbeliefsoftheirowncultures.Associetiesbecamemorecomplex,thedefinitionofheroismalsochanged.Inthemodernworld,thetermheroismhasamuchbroadermeaning.Whilephysicalstrengthandfightingskillsarestillvalued,moralcourage,selflessness,andresiliencehavebecomejustasimportant.Intoday’ssociety,amodernherocanbesomeonewhostandsupforhisorherbeliefs,evenifitgoesagainstsocietalnorms,orsomeonewhoputstheneedsofothersbeforehisorherown.Oneofthemostcriticalchangesinmodernheroismisincludingpeoplefromallwalksoflife.Today,peoplefromvariousbackgroundsandexperiencesarerecognizedfortheircontributions,fromfirstresponderswhoputtheirlivesonthelineinemergenciestoactivistswhofightforsocialjustice.___35___Theriseofsocialmediahasalsoaffectedhowheroismisviewedandcelebrated.___36___Thedangerofsocialmedia,however,isthatitreducesheroismtoapopularitycontestinwhichthedeedsthatare“liked”or“shared”themostareconsideredparticularlyheroic.Inreality,heroismismuchmorecomplexthanthat.Althoughheroismhasevolved,itremainsanessentialaspectofoursociety.Realheroesremindusthatweallhavethepowertopositivelyimpacttheworld,nomatterhowbigorsmallourdeedsmayseem.Heroismhascomealongwaysinceitsoriginsinancientcivilizations.___37___However,thetrueessence(实质)ofheroismisn’tpopularityorfamebutalastingcommitmenttoservingothersandmakingtheworldabetterplace.A.Modernheroismoftentakesshapeinactsofkindness.B.Heroismhasalonghistoryandvariesindifferentcultures.C.Butwhatarethedefiningcharacteristicsofamodernhero?D.Theevolutionofheroismreflectstheevolutionofsocietyitself.E.Modernheroesexistineveryprofessionandeverycornerofsociety.F.Ithasgivenordinarypeopleaplatformtoshareandgetrecognizedfortheirheroicdeeds.G.Ithasexpandedtoincludemorepeopleandtraits,andsocialmediahasexpandeditsreach.第四部分：书面表达（共两节，26分）第一节（共4小题，第58-60小题各2分，第61小题5分，共11分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。Mostresearchsupportstheideathatmusic’smainbenefitforstudentsistheupliftofmoodandthusofabilitiestoconcentrateontasksandstudyforlongerperiodsoftime.Whatkindofmusicarewetalkingaboutthen?SomeDrake?Bach?SpongeBob?What’sthemagicsong?Again,complicated(复杂).Youwantsomethingthat’sgoingtodropyourightintothatsweetspotofwhatiscalledmediumarousal;aplaylistthat’stooboringmightmakeyousleepy,whileasongthat’stooexcitingmightmakeitharderforyoutofocus.Songswith60-70beatsperminutehavebeensuggestedtobegoodforkeepinginformation.Beethoven’sForEliseisanexample.ListeningtoMozarthasalsobeenshowninstudiestoimprovetheproductivityofitslisteners.There’squiteabitofcontroversyontheeffectivenessofhavingmusiconwhileyoustudyevenmusicthatputsyouintherightmood.AstudyconductedbytheUniversityofWalesfoundthatstudentsconsistentlyperformedworseontestswhenexposedbothtomusicthattheylikedandmusictheydidn’tlike,meaningthatlisteningtomusic,regardlessofhowitmadethestudentsfeel,wasfoundtobejustasdistractingasapersontalkingtoyouwhileyou’reworking.Thatsamestudyalsofoundthatalongwithacompletelyquietenvironment,studentsalsoperformedbestwhentheywereplayedrepetitivesoundsorsoundsofnature.Anothersimilarstudyhowever,foundthatwhileaverageperformancewaslowerforthemusic-listeninggroup,thevariationinindividualscoressuggeststhattheeffectsofthemusicvaryalotfrompersontoperson,andhencewhyit’sdifficulttodefinitelysaywhethermusichelpsorhurts.Thereseemstobeagreementononethingatleast,whichisthatmusicwithlyrics(歌词)definitelyisano-go.Processinglyricsmeansthere’snoroominthelanguageprocessingpartofy