北京市通州区2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷（原卷版）

第1页/共1页通州区2023—2024学年第二学期高二年级期末质量检测英语试卷本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。LarryworkswithTransportDrivers.Inc.Onemorningin2009.Larrywas___1___ontheroadafterdeliveringtooneofhiscustomers.Suddenly,hesawacarwithitsbrightlightson.Ashegot___2___,hefoundanothervehicleupsidedownontheroad.Onemorelookandhe___3___flamesshootingoutfromunderthedamagedvehicle.Larrypulledover,setthebrakeandgotholdofthefireextinguisher(灭火器).Aftermanyburstsfromtheextinguisher,thefirewas___4___putout.Themanwhohadhisbrightlightson___5___andtoldLarryhehadmadeanemergencycall.Justatthattime,theyheardawoman’s___6___comingfromthewreckedvehicle.___7___thevehicle,theysawthatawomanwastryingtogetoutofthebrokenwindow.Theytoldhertostay___8___untiltheemergencypersonnelarrived,butshethoughtthecarwasgoingtoexplode.Larrytoldherthathehadalreadyputoutthefireandsheshouldnotmoveincasesheinjuredherneck.Larrystayedtherewiththewomanuntil___9___workerscameforhelp.Onethingisforcertain—Larrywentaboveandbeyondthecallofdutybygettingsoclosetotheburningvehicle!His___10___mostlikelysavedthewoman’slife.1.A.walking B.touring C.driving D.rushing2.A.higher B.closer C.shorter D.older3.A.felt B.heard C.noticed D.smelt4.A.basically B.carefully C.accidently D.finally5.A.camein B.cameover C.camedown D.camethrough6.A.voice B.song C.laughter D.noise7.A.Starting B.Parking C.Passing D.Approaching8.A.quiet B.silent C.awake D.still9.A.research B.service C.rescue D.office10.A.efforts B.skills C.patience D.promise第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。KiteflyingispopulararoundChina.Itisknownaszhiyuan,askitesaremadeofpaperandwhentheyfly,theyarelikeeagles.Kites___11___(use)formilitarypurposeinthebeginning.Laterkiteflyinggraduallybecameaverypopularrecreationalactivity.Inthepast,people___12___(fasten)abamboo-madewhistleontoakite.Whileflyingthroughthewind,itmadesoundlikethemusic___13___(produce)byguzheng,atraditionalChinesemusicalinstrument.Therefore,ithasitsmodernnameasfengzheng.B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。WorldAnimalDaywasproposedbytheItalianmonkStFransisin12thcentury.HelivedintheforestsofAssisiIslandforlongtime,___14___(build)agoodrelationshipwiththeanimals.___15___hedidsetagoodexamplefarourhumanbeings.Whenthebigdaycomes,peoplefromallovertheworld___16___(hold)variousactivitiestocelebrateit.Theaimofthefestivalistoremindpeopletocareforallanimalsandbuildaharmoniousrelationshipwiththem.C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Sharkattackscanbedeadly,___17___theyarenotcommon.Eachyear,sharksusuallykillfewerthan10peopleworldwide,andabout100peopleareinjured.Youaremorelikelytobeattackedinpartsofthesea___18___touriststhrowinfoodtobringinsharks.However,peopleare___19___(danger)tosharks,too.60millionsharksarekilledforfoodandmedicineeveryyear.Asaresult,semekindsofsharksmaydieoutcompletely.____20____(protect)thesewonderfulanimals,somecountrieshavemadeprogramstohelpthemsurvive.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)第六节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑，AEnjoyamuseumvisitwithyourclass!AvailablePrograms:ArtTellsaStory:Bylookingatthesubjectmatterandbydrawingfrompersonalexperiences,studentscanfindthestoryinsomeworksofart.(Allgrades)LearningtoLook:Aninteractive(互动的)tourthatexploresavarietyofartusingstorytelling,movements,music,games,andothertechniqueshelpsintroduceamuseumtochildren.(Preschool—Grade3)NativeAmericanCollection:Thisprogramexploresrelationshipsthatexistbetweenart,culture,thegeographiclocationandnaturalresources.StudentswillseeabowlmadebyMariaMartinez,aTownstoryteller,aNorthwestcoastmask,andInuitclothing.(ForGrade2—5)TheLanguageofArt:ClassesarewelcomedintothemuseumtotakepartinaninteractivetourofAmericanArt.Itgivesparticipantsasetofvocabularywordswhilehelpingthemfeelcomfortable.Art-on-the-Move:Teachersmayborrowsuitcasesfilledwithartobjects.FreefororganizationswithEducationMembership.PlanningYourVisit:Booking:Bookingisnecessaryforalltourandprograms.Pleasebookatleastaweekinadvance.Teachersareencouragedtoorganizeself-guidedvisitsfortheirclassesduringpublichours.TourHours:Tourscanbeorganizedbetween9:30a.m.and5:00p.m.onweekdays.ProgramFees:ToursarefreeforthosewithEducationMembership.Thereisachargeof$6perstudentofnon-memberorganizations.Tourswithartactivitiescost$12perstudent(non-members)or$10perstudent(members).Chaperones(保护人):Werequireoneadultchaperoneforevery10children.Chaperoneshelptomakeyourmuseumvisitasuccess.Achaperonemustpay$5admission.Lunch:Weregretthatnolunchfacilitiesareavailableatthemuseum.MuseumRules:Don’ttouchworksofart.Don’ttakephotographs.Askquestions.Look,andthenLOOKagain.Enjoy!21.Ifteacherswanttheirstudentstolearnaboutwhatamuseumis,theywillchoose_______.A.ArtTellsaStory B.LearningtoLookC.TheLanguageofArt D.NativeAmericanCollection22.Whydoesthemuseumfeelsorry?A.Takingphotosisnotallowedatthemuseum.B.Lunchserviceisnotprovidedatthemuseum.C.Visitorscan’ttouchworksofartatthemuseum.D.Visitorscan’ttakepartinalltheactivitiesatatime.23.Inwhichsectionofthenewspaperdoesthetextmostprobablyappear?A.Health. B.News. C.Environment. D.Advertisement.BMybirthwasalittlemoredramaticthanthestandardwayababyenterstheworld.Iwasbornmissingmylefthand.Indeed,mylimb(手臂)differencecouldhavebeenadisasterifithadn’tbeenforwhathappenednext.Anurseplacedmeinmymother’sarmsandinstructed,“Youwilltakeherhome.Youwillloveherandtreatherasnormal.”Thatisexactlywhathappened.Iplayedsportsactedintheater,excelledinschoolandhadplaydateswithfriends.WhileIdidgetsomestaresand“polite”questionsaboutmydisability,IwasluckybecauseIwasn’tmadefunofforit.However,thatfactthatIwasdifferenthitmehardmyfirstdayofhighschool.Iwas13,anagewhenkidsarealreadyveryself-consciousandtheneedtofitinisintensified.Irememberoneoftheotherkidsontheschoolbusstaredjustalittletoolongatmyleftarm.Ifeltasuddenurgetohidemyhand,soIslippeditintomypocket.ItoldmyselfthatI’djusthideitthatoneday,whileIwastryingtomakefriends.Butonedayofhidingturnedintoaweek,amonth,andyears—25ofthemtobeexact.WhenIwas38yearsold,tiredofhidingandlonely,Imetsomeonespecialandinvitedhimin.ThecombinationofmefinallyfeelingreadytounhideandhiswillingnesstogothroughtheunhidingprocesswithmewasexactlywhatIneeded.Forthefirsttimeinmylife,Iallowedsomeonetoreallyholdmylimb,lookatit,touchit,loveit—loveme.Isawmylimbdifferenceassomethinguniqueaboutme,somethingthatshouldbeshown,nothidden.Itwasatransformationalexperience,andIlearnedtolovemetoo.ItchangedhowIlivedmyentirelifeandmademehappier.IalsodiscoveredandjoinedtheLuckyFinProject,anorganisationdevotedtopeoplewithalltypesofdisabilities.Hidingthings,especiallyfromlovedones,istiringandlonely,anditpreventsusfromgettinghelpandsupport.It’stimetochangethat.24.Whatwastheauthor’schildhoodlike?A.Shehadnosocialinteractionswithfriends.B.Shewasraisedwithcareandtreatednormally.C.Shefacedsomechallengesinschoolactivities.D.Shewasupsetabouttheattentiontoherdifference.25.Whathappenedtotheauthorwhenshewas13yearsold?A.Shebegantoignoreherdisability.B.Shesufferedprejudicefromsomekids.C.Shestartedhidingherselfawayfromfriends.D.Shebecamesensitiveduetoherself-awareness.26.Howdidtheauthorchangewhenshestoppedhiding?A.Shestartedtoopenupandbeherself.B.Shemetsomeonewhocuredherdisability.C.Shewasfedupwiththecompanyofothers.DShereducedinvolvementinthedisabilitygroup.27.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Misfortuneisagoodteacher.B.Disabilityisnotabarriertosuccess.C.Self-acceptancecanleadtoself-love.D.Nothingbeatsthefeelingofbeingloved.CChinesescientistssaytheyhavedevelopedaroboticfishthatcanremovemicroplasticparticlesfromwaterenvironments.Researchersworkingontheprojectsaytherobotscouldhelptocleanupplasticpollutioninoceansaroundtheworld.Theroboticswimmersareabout1.3centimeterslong.TheyaremadeofasoftchemicalCompound.Therobotsaredesignedtoabsorbmicroplasticswhilemovingthroughthewater.TheprojectwaslaunchedbyateamatSichuanUniversityinsouthwesternChina.Theresearcherssaidtherobotshavealreadyperformedwellinshallowwaterandtheyplantocarryoutmoretestsindeeperwaters.ThescientistsreportedtheirfindingsinanewstudyinNanoLetters.ThepublicationcomesfromtheAmericanChemicalSociety,anonprofitorganizationsupportedbytheU.S.Congress.Theroboticfishwerebuilttotargetmicroplasticparticles,whicharesmallerthanfivemillimeters.Studieshaveconfirmedthatmicroplasticpollutionhasbeendiscoveredinmanynaturalenvironments.Thematerialcomesfromthebreakdownofmanufacturedplasticproductsandindustrialwaste.Theteamsaidtherobotscanbecontrolledbylight.Turning“anear-infraredlightlaser”onandoffcausesthefish’stailtomovebackandforththeAmericanChemicalSocietysaid.Theroboticfishcanswimupto2.76bodylengthspersecond.Theresearcherssaidthisisfasterthanmostsimilarsoftrobots.WangYuyanwasamemberofSichuanUniversity’sresearchteam.ShetoldReutersnewsagencythatthesmall,lightweightrobotiscurrentlybeingusedtocollectmicroplasticsforresearchpurposes.ButWangaddedthattheteamplanstoexpandthatusesotherobotfishcanremovelargeramountsofmicroplasticwastefromdeepoceanareas.Thefishcantakeindifferentkindsofmicroplasticsandevenrepairitselfwhendamaged,theresearcherssaid.Andifarobotfishisaccidentallyeatenbyarealfish,itcansafelydigestthematerial,theteamadded.Wangsaidsimilarrobotscouldbedevelopedtobeplacedinsidethehumanbodytoremoveunwantedmaterialsordiseases.28.Whyhasaroboticfishbeencreated?A.Toremovediseaseinpeople.B.Tocleanuppollutioninoceans.C.Toremoveunwantedmaterialsinbody.D.Toremovemicroplasticparticlesinwater.29.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Thepurposeoftheroboticfish.B.Thefunctionoftheroboticfish,C.Afurtherintroductionoftheroboticfish.D.Potentialapplicationoftheroboticfish.30.Whatwillhappentotheroboticfishwheneatenbyarealfish?A.Itwillbeharmless. B.Itwillrepairitself.C.Itwilltakeinmicroplastics. D.Itwillcollectmicroplastics.31.WhatisWangYuyan’sattitudetothefutureuseoftheroboticfish?A.Pessimistic. B.Positive. C.Unclear. D.Suspicious.DWe’veallhearditbefore:tobesuccessful,getoutofbedearly.Afterall,AppleCEOTimCookgetsupat3:45am,FiatCEOSergioMarchionneat3:30amandRichardBransonat5:45am—and,asweknow,“Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.”Indeed,itmaybetruethatthosewhogetupearlyhaveajumpstartonthedaybeforeothersareevenoutofbed.Butjustbecausesomesuccessfulpeoplewakeupearly,doesthatmeanit’satrait(特征)mostofthemshare?Andiftheideaofhavingexercised,eatenbreakfast,anddoneonetaskbefore8ammakesyouwanttosleepinuntilnextSaturday,doesitmeanyou’llhavealesssuccessfullife?Forabouthalfofus,thisisn’treallyanissue.It’sestimatedthatsome50%ofthepopulationisn’treallymorning-orientedorevening-oriented,butsomewhereinthemiddle.Roughlyoneinfourofus,though,tendmoretowardbright-eyedearlyrisers,andanotheroneinfourarenightowls.Forthem,theeffectcangobeyondfallingasleepinfrontoftheTVat10pmorbeingregularlylateforwork.Numerousstudieshavefoundthatmorningpeoplearemoreself-directedandagreeable.Andcomparedtonightowls,theyarelesslikelytobedepressed,drinkorsmoke.Althoughmorningtypesmayachievemoreacademically,nightowlstendtoperformbetteronmeasuresofmemory,processingspeedandcognitiveability,evenwhentheyhavetoperformthosetasksinthemorning.Night-timepeoplearealsomoreopenandmorecreative.Andonestudyshowsthatnightowlsareashealthyandwiseasmorning-types,andalittlebitwealthier.StillthinkthemorningpeoplesoundmorelikeCEOmaterial?Don’tsetyouralarmfor5amjust,yet,asitturnsout,changingyoursleeptimesmaynothavemucheffect.“Ifpeoplearelefttotheirnaturallypreferredtimes,theyfeelmuchbetter.Theysaythattheyaremuchmoreproductive.Thementalcapacitytheyhaveismuchbroader,”saysOxfordUniversitybiologistKatharinaWulf.Ontheotherhand,shesays,pushingpeopletoofaroutoftheirnaturalpreferencecanbeharmful.Whentheywakeearly,forexample,nightowlsarestillproducingmelatonin(褪黑激素).“Then,youdisrupt(扰乱)itandpushthebodytobeinthedaytimemode.Thatcanhavelotsofnegative,physiologicalconsequences,”Wulffsays,likeadifferentsensitivitytoinsulinandglucose(葡萄糖)whichcancauseweightgain.32.WhatdoestheauthordoinPargraph2?A.Analysingtheproblem. B.Challengingaviewpoint.C.Providingsupportingproofs. D.Presentingauthor’sviewpoint.33.WhichofthefollowingdoesKatharinaWulffsupport?A.Stopsettingyouralarmfor5am.B.Betternotchangeyoursleeptimes.C.Avoidbeingregularlylateforwork.D.Don’tfallasleepinfrontoftheTV.34.Whydoestheauthorwritethisarticle?A.Toexplainwhysomepeoplearemoresuccessful.B.Toadvisepeopletogetupneithertooearlynortoolate.C.Toargueagainsttheviewthattheearlybirdcatchestheworm.D.Tocomparethedifferencesbetweenearlyrisersandnightowls.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Sciencefictionwriterscreateimaginaryworlds.___35___Soit’simportantforyoutobefamiliarwiththescientificprinciplesandinventionsthatarerelatedtoyourcreation.Forexample,ifyou’rewritingabouthumanlivingonaplanetwithzerogravity,thenyouneedtoknowtheeffectsofzerogravityonthehumanbody.Thenyouhavetofigureouttheexactrulesofyourimaginaryworlds.Andyouhavetofollowthem.IfhumansareabletobreatheunderwaterinChapter1,yourcharactercan’tdrowninaswimmingpoolinChapter3.___36___Thatmeansthereaderiswillingtopretendalongwithyou.Ifyoustartoutwithanordinarydetectivenovelandthenthrowinsomeonebreathingunderwaterinthe6thchapter,youwillpullthereadersoutoftheirimagination.___37___Partofyourpreparatoryworkforthenovelistomapoutitsworldsingreatdetail.Youshoulddecidethefollowingissues:thehistoryoftheworld,thegeography,whatpossibilitiesitoffers,howeverythingworksinthisnewreality,andhowallofthesefactorsaffectthewayyourcharactersthink,feel,andreacttothings.Youdon’thavetotellyourreadersalltherulesinthefirstchapter.___38___Thisalsoallowsyoutoworkoutlogicalproblemsandcontradictionsbeforeyoustartwriting.___39___Youareinvitingreaderstovisitanewworld.Theywillwanttobeabletosee,hear,feel,smellandeventastewhatit’slike.Whetheryournovelisaboutaworldwithoutdiseaseoranundiscoveredplanet,helpyourreadersfeellikethey’reactuallythere.A.Theissuehereismaintainingyourreaders’trust.B.Yourcharactersmustbebasedonimaginationonly.C.Whenyouarewriting,remembertomakeitfeelreal.D.Instead,youonlyneedtofollowtherulesalltheway.E.Thesamethinghappensifyouchangetheruleshalfway.F.Butyouhavetoletreadersknowenoughtounderstandwhat’sgoingon.G.Thewaythingsworkinyourimaginaryworldswillbebasedonactualscience.第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分,第42题3分,第43题5分,共12分)阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容，完成对该问题的回答。Exerciseplaysaveryimportantroleinahealthylifestyle.Butyoumaynothavetimeormoneytogotoagymonaregularbasis.Thegoodnewsisthattoday’stechnologyletsyouaccessfitnessclassesfromthecomfortofyourhome.AquickInternetsearchwillturnupthousandsofonlinefitnessclasses.Theseclassesletyoulistentoinstructionsandwatchtrainersdemonstratehowtodoexercises.Youcanwatchvideosonyourphone,computerortabletanddotheexercisesrightwhereyouare.AllyouneedisanInternetconnectionandaspacelargeenoughtomovearoundin.Onlinefitnessclassestakeawidevarietyofforms.Somefocusonstretchesandslowmovements.Otherclassesinvolvefastaerobicactivitywhileothersbuildmusclestrength.Somerequireequipmentsuchasweights,butothersuseonlyyourbody.Thismeansthatyoucanchoosetheclassyoulike.Andyoucantryadifferentonewheneveryoulike.Somevirtualf