2025年中考英语考纲词汇完整版（包括词性词义词转短语）学案

第第页2025年中考英语考纲词汇完整版（包括词性，词义，词转，短语）说明：过于简单的词汇已删除，例如who，what...able(adj.)能够的-unable(adj.)不能够的-enable(v.)使能够-ability(n.)能力-disabled(adj.)残疾的beabletodosth=can(could)dosth；beunable/notabletodosth=can’t(couldn’t)dosthenablesbtodosth使某人能够做某事；thedisabled残疾人havetheabilitytodosth有做某事的能力about（adv./prep.）大约；关于=on Whatabout/Howaboutdoingsth做某事怎么样？above（prep）在…上面【反义词：below(prep.)在…下面】aboveall首先(强调优先或重要性)abroad（adv.）在国内外goabroad出国；athomeandabroad在国内外accept(v.)-acceptable(adj.)可接受的；认可的-acceptably(adv.)-acceptance(n.)接受anaccident(n.)一场事故-accidental(adj.)意外的；偶然的-accidentally(adv.)=byaccidentaccurate(adj.)精确的-accurately(adv.)-accuracy(n.)精确度ache（n.）疼；痛feelanacheinone’s+身体部位=havea身体部位+acheachieve(v.)实现，达到-achievable(adj.)可实现的，可完成的-achievement(n.)成就achieveone'sgoals/aims/success/dream...;achieveanAgrade达到A等的成绩cross(v./n.)穿过；十字；叉-crossing(n.)十字路口across(prep.)横过；穿过(外部)cross=walk/goacross穿过turnleftatthefirstcrossing在第一个十字路口左转act(v.)行动；扮演；表现-actor/actress(n.)-action(n.)行动；动作-active(adj.)-activity(n.)takeactiontodosth采取行动做某事；takeanactivepartin积极参加……actual(adj.)实际的；真实的-actually(adv.)实际上；现实地actually=infact=inreality=asamatteroffact事实上；实际上add(v.)-addition(n.)增加-additional(adj.)另外的add...to/into...添加…到……；inaddition=besides=What'smore=moreover另外address(n.)地址(v.)演讲 addressaspeech发表演讲;致辞adult(n./adj.)-adulthood(n.)成人时期adopt(v.)收养；采纳-adoptive(adj.)收养的-adoption(n.)采取；收养advantage(n.)有利条件；优势；优点-disadvantage(n.)不利条件；缺点advertise(v.)为...做广告-anadvertisement(n.)一则广告-advertiser(n.)广告商adventure(n.)冒险-adventurous(adj.)敢于冒险的-adventurer(n.)冒险家advice(n.)-advise(v.)-adviser(n.)顾问follow/take/acceptone’sadvice/suggestions采取某人的建议；askforone'sadvice=asksbforadvice向某人寻求建议advisedoingsth建议做某事；advisesbtodosth建议某人做某事affect(v.)影响；使感染-affected(adj.)假装的（不自然）；affecting（adj.）感动人的afford（v.）负担得起；抽得出（时间）afraid（adj.）害怕的；担心的=scared=frightened=fearful=terrifiedbeafraidofsth/doingsth害怕/害怕做某事……；beafraidoftodosth不敢做某事afraid通常是一个较为广泛的词，指害怕某事或某人，但不一定表现出强烈的恐惧scared更加强调突然或强烈的恐惧，通常用于描述瞬间的害怕感frightened通常用于描述对某个威胁的恐惧或突然的惊吓，也表示较为持续或严重的恐惧fearful更强调一种持续的、内心的担忧terrified是afraid的极端形式，表示极度恐惧，通常是因强烈的威胁或危险而产生的恐惧Africa(n.)非洲-African(adj./n.)非洲的；非洲人agent(n.)代理人-agency(n.)代理社 advertisingagency广告代理公司；employmentagency招聘公司；travelagency旅行社realestateagency房地产代理公司undertheagencyof在…的推动下(通常指在某人或某机构的帮助或支持下，某事得以实现)after(prep./adv./conj.)在……之后；在……后面afterall毕竟，终究;afterawhile过了一会儿;lookafter照顾，照料;goafter追求，追赶;afterschool放学之后；afterclass下课之后again(adv.)再；又=oncemore/again=onemoretimeoveragain从头再来；overandoveragain反反复复against(prep.)对着；反对age(n.)年龄；时代-aged(adj.)有…年岁的；上年龄的attheageof…在…岁时ago(adv.)以前(过去时) alongtimeago很久以前=onceuponatimeagree(v.)-disagree(v.)-agreement(n.)赞同-disagreement(n.)反对agreewithsb同意某人(的观点)；agreeonsth就…达成一致；agreetodosth同意做…ahead(adv.)在前；向前 aheadoftime提前；aheadof在…之前，领先；goahead继续，开始；moveahead前进，取得进展aim（v./n.）目标；打算；瞄准aimat…瞄准……；aimtodosth打算做某事(强调目的性地)=plan/intendtodosthairline（n.）航线airport（n.）机场alarm（n.）警报；恐慌(v.)使恐慌 firealarm火灾警报setoffanalarm触发警报；raise/soundthealarm发出警报；setthealarmclock设置闹钟air-conditioner(n.)-air-conditioned(adj.)有空调的life(n.)-live(v./adj.)-alive(adj.)-living(adj.)-lively(adj.)活泼的all(adj./adv./pron./n.)全部的（地）；全体人员allinall总的来说，整体上；allofasudden突然，猛地；allover到处；allthetime一直，始终；notatall一点也不，根本不allow（v.）允许allowsbtodosth允许某人做...；beallowedtodosth被允许做...alone（adj./adv.）单独的；单独地 lonely(adj.)孤独的altogether(adv.)总共=inall alltogether一起always(adv.)总是；一直；永远=allthetimeamaze(v.)使惊奇-amazing(adj.)令人惊讶的-amazed(adj.)-amazement(n.)惊奇ambition(n.)雄心-ambitious(adj.)有抱负的-ambitiously(adv.)America(n.)-American(n./adj.)among(prep.)在…中间（三者及以上）amount(n.)数量；总数 alarge/smallamountof...大量/少量…alargeamount/smallnumberof大量/少量……；thenumberof...……的数量amuse(v.)逗乐；使娱乐-amusing(adj.)=funny-amused(adj.)-amusement(n.)娱乐ancient(adj.)古代的；古老的anger(n.)怒气；怒火-angry(adj.)-angrily(adv.)beangrywithsb生某人的气；beangryatsth对某事生气；beangrytodosth生气地做某事beangrywith=loseone'stemperanother(adj.)另一的；再一的(pron.)另一个another+数字+n.复数；oneafteranother一个接一个=onebyone；oneanother相互answer(v./n.)回答；答复；答案any(adj./pron.)一些；任何的；任一的；(无论)哪一个；（无论）哪些anything任何事（物）；anybody任何人；无论谁=anyone；anywhere任何地方notanylonger=nolonger不再…apologize(v.)-apology(n.)-apologetic(adj.)道歉的-apologetically(adv.)appear(v.)-appearance(n.)出现；外貌-disappear(v.)-disappearance(n.)apply(v.)申请；应用；涂，敷-applicable(adj.)适用的-application(n.)申请；应用-appliance(n.)器具area（n.）面积；范围；地区have/coveranareaof...占地……argue(v.)争论-argument(n.)争论army(n.)军队arrange(v.)安排；布置-arrangement(n.)准备arrive(v.)-arrival(n.)到达arrivein/at+地点=getto+地点=reach+地点“到达”art(n.)-artist(n.)艺术家-artistic(adj.)艺术的article(n.)文章as(conj.)像…一样；如同；因为；当…时候(prep.)作为；当……时候(adv.)同样地assoonas一…就…；aslongas只要；aswell也；aswellas和，也；asusual像往常一样asif/asthough好像；仿佛Asia(n.)亚洲-Asian(adj./n.)亚洲的；亚洲人ask(v.)询问；请求，要求askfor寻求；索要；asksbfor...向某人索要…；asksbtodosth要求/叫某人做某事；assist(v.)帮助-assistant(n.)助手-assistance(n.)帮助attack(v.)进攻；袭击heartattack心脏病发作attend(v.)出席，参加-attendant(n.)随从；服务员-attendance(n.)出席（人数）attention(n.)注意；关心payattentiontodoingsth注意做某事；catch/draw/attractone’sattention/eyesattitude(n.)态度attract(v.)-attractive(adj.)-attraction(n.)有吸引力的事物audience(n.)观众；听众Australia(n.)-Australian(adj./n.)automatic(adj.)自动的-automatically(adv.)avail(v.)利于；有益于(n.)效用；利益-available(adj.)可获得的；可利用的；有空的average(adj.)平均的；普通的(n.)平均数 onaverage平均；通常情况下avoid(v.)避开；避免-avoidable(adj.)可避免的；可回避的-avoidance(n.)逃避award(n.)奖品；奖励(v.)授予reward(n.)报酬；酬劳(v.)奖赏winanawardfor...因…而获奖；awardsbsth=awardsthtosb授予某人...awful(adj.)可怕的，糟糕的-awfully(adv.)十分；非常back(adv.)回（远处）；向后(n.)后部；背come/goback=return回到；at/onthebackof在…的后部/背上background(n.)背景bad(adj.)坏的；有害的；不利的-badly(adv.)坏；不利地；严重地bebadfor...=beharmfulto...=doharmto...对……有害bake(v.)烘焙-baker(n.)烘焙师-bakery(n.)烘焙坊balance(n.)-balanced(adj.)平衡的bank(n.)银行；河堤bar(n.)酒吧；块，栅栏abarof...一块儿...；behindbars=beinprison/jail坐牢base(n.)基础-basic(adj.)基础的bebasedon...以……为基础bath(n.)-bathe(v.)洗澡 have/takeabath沐浴battery(n.)电池，蓄电池battle(n.)战斗；战役bear(n.)熊；(v.)忍受-bore-bornbeat(v.)敲打；跳动；打赢-beat-beatenbeauty(n.)-beautiful(adj.)-beautifully(adv.)-beautify(v.)美化become(v.)变得；成为makethebed铺床beg(v.)-beggar(n.)乞丐begsbtodosth祈求某人做某事；begsbfor...向…祈求…begin(v.)-beginning(n.)=startatthebeginningof...在…的开端；frombeginningtoend从始至终behave(v.)表现-behaviour(n.)行为being(n.)生物；人 ahumanbeing一个人类belief(n.)信念-believe(v.)-unbelievable(adj.)难以置信的belong(v.)属于-belongings(n.)财务；所有物below(prep.)在……下面belt(n.)带；带子 safetybelt安全带beside(prep.)在……旁边；besides(prep./adv.)除…以外（还有）；此外between(prep.)在…中间 betweenAandB在A和B之间betweenarockandahardplace进退两难；betweenthedevilandthedeepbluesea左右为难bicycle/bike(n.)自行车 rideabicycle骑自行车；bicyclelane自行车道；mountainbicyclebicyclerepairkit自行车修理包；bicyclechain自行车链；bicyclerack自行车架；bill(n.)账单；钞票；纸币 paythebill付账单；Splitthebill AA制；electricitybillbin(n.)箱子；垃圾箱 bit(n.)一点；少量 abit稍微；有点；a(little)bitof...一点……bite(v.)咬；叮-bit-bitten(n.)一口bitsb(on+部位)咬...;abitof...一口；takeabit咬一口blanket(n.)毯子 ablanketof...一层...(雪、雾...)blind(adj.)失明的(n.)百叶窗+s(v.)使...看不见-blindness(n.)失明；盲目theblind盲人；blindspot盲点block(n.)一排房屋；街区；积木，障碍物(v.)阻止 blocksb.屏蔽某人blood(n.)血-bloody(adj.)血腥的-bloodiness(n.)残忍；血腥Bloodpressure/type/test/sugar/vessel/donation/cell血压/血型/血液检测/血糖/血管/献血/血细胞blow(v.)吹；刮风；吹气-blew-blown blowup吹大，爆炸；blowaway吹走board(n.)蓝色(v.)登，上（船、火车、飞机等）-boarding(adj.)供给膳食的boil(v.)煮-boiling(adj)沸腾的-boiled(adj.)煮熟的book(n.)书(v.)预定，订（房间、车票、座位等）bore(v.)使无聊-boring(adj.)无聊的-bored(adj.)感到无聊的beboredwithsth.=betiredof...对……感到厌烦borrow(v.)借sthfrom...从……借进……；lendsthto...把某物借给……boss(n.)老板both(pron./adj./adv.)两者都 bothAandB在A和B之间；neither(两者)都不bottle(n.)瓶子bottom(n.)底部 atthebottomof...在……的底部brain(n.)大脑brave(adj.)勇敢的-bravely(adv.)勇敢地-bravery(n.)勇敢；勇气break(v.)打破；损坏(n.)休息；间隙breakup分手；解散；breakdown损坏；出故障=gowrong；奔溃；breakinto闯入；破门而入；breakout爆发；Breakaleg！祝你好运（表演前）breath(n.)-breathe(v.)呼吸 takeadeepbreath深呼一口气；beoutofbreath上气不接下气bridge(n.)桥；桥梁(v.)架桥brief(adj.)短暂的；简短的-briefly(adv.)简要地bright(adj.)明亮的；聪明的-brightly(adv.)明亮地；鲜明地bring(v.)拿来；带来Britain-British(adj.)英国的；英国人的(theBritish英国人)-Briton(n.)英国人broadcast(n.)广播节目 alivebroadcast现场直播brush(v./n.)刷子；刷build(v.)-building(n.)-rebuild(v.)重建-builder(n.)建筑工bund(n.)外滩theBund外滩burn(v.)燃烧；着火-burnt-burnt burnup/down烧掉/烧毁；getburnt被晒伤busy(adj.)忙碌的-business(n.)生意；公司-businessman(n.)-businesswoman(n.)bebusywith...忙于……；bebusydoingsth忙于做某事；onbusiness出差butter(n.)黄油button(n.)纽扣；按钮buy(v.)买-bought-bought =purchase buysbsth=buysthforsb为某人买某物by(prep.)在……旁边；在……时间；用（表手段、方法）；乘（交通工具）；被cabbage(n.)卷心菜call(v.)打电话给…；称呼(n.)电话；叫，喊-called(adj.)被叫做…的calm(v.)使平静(adj.)镇静的；沉着的stay/keepcalm保持冷静；calmdown=cooldown使…冷静camp(n.)营地(v.)野营，露营-camping野营can(aux.v.)能够；可以；会(n.)罐头；罐子Canada(n.)加拿大-Canadian(adj./n.)加拿大的；加拿大人的cancel(v.)取消capital(n.)首都(adj.)大写的；资本的captain(n.)队长；船长care(v./n.)关心；介意；照料-careful(adj.)小心的；仔细的-careless(adj.)粗心的-carefully(adv.)-carelessly(adv.)carefor=lookafter=takecareof照顾，照料；becarefulwith...小心…withgreatcare=carefully小心地；仔细地carry(v.)拿；搬；提；携带；运送等cartoon(n.)-cartoonist(n.)漫画家case(n.)情况；案件；箱；盒incase以防万一；inthis/thatcase这样/那样的话catch(v.)接住；捉住；赶上；染上（疾病）-caught-caughtcatchthebus赶公交；catchacold着凉；感冒；catchfire着火；catchupwithsb赶上某人cause(v./n.)原因；促使；引起 cause...todosth导致/引起...做某事celebrate(v.)-celebration(n.)庆祝cent(n.)美分centre(n.)-central(adj.)中心的；中央的 thecentreof...……的中心century(n.)世纪；百年certain(adj.)肯定的；无疑的-certainly(adv.)当然；是的=ofcourse=surechain(n.)链条；连锁店challenge(v./n.)挑战-challenging(adj.)具体挑战性的chance(n.)机会=opportunitybychance=byaccident=accidentally偶然地change(v./n.)-changeable(adj.)多变的-exchange(v.)交换channel(n.)(电视)频道character(n.)性格；特性；特征，特点；角色charge(v.)主管，掌管(v.)控告；收费beinchargeof=takechargeof=beresponsiblefor...负责；掌管；对……负责charity(n.)慈善-charitable(adj.)行善的；慈善事业的chat(v./n.)闲聊haveachatwith...和……聊一聊check(v./n.)核对；检查；支票；格子-checklist(n.)核对表(清单)checkin办理入住；登机checkout退房；结账(离开)；借阅cheer(v./n.)欢呼-cheerful(adj.)愉快的-cheerfully(adv.)愉快地；兴高采烈地cheeron...为……喝彩；cheer...up使……振作cheese(n.)奶酪chemical(n./adj.)化学制品；化学的-chemistry(n.)化学child(n)-children(n.)-childhood(n.)-childish(adj.)幼稚的；孩子气的chief(adj.)主要的，首要的(n.)领导；头China(n.)-Chinese(adj./n.)choose(v.)选择-chose-chosen-choice(n.)选择choosetodosth选择做某事；makeachoice做一个选择；havenochoicebuttodosthchopstick(n.)筷子Christmas(n.)圣诞节 atChristmas在圣诞节；onChristmasDay/Evechurch(n.)教堂 gotochurch去做礼拜；gotothechurch去教堂cinema(n.)电影院gotothecinema去看电影circle(n.)圆圈(v.)将……圈起来city(n.)-citizen(n.)市民class(n.)班级；课；等级 inclass在课堂上；haveaclass上一节课clean(v./adj.)打扫；干净的-cleaning(n.)清洁-cleaner(n.)清洁工clear(adj.)清晰的；明亮的(v.)清除；清扫-clearly(adv.)清楚地；清晰地clerk(n.)职员，办事员clever(adj.)聪明的=smart=bright=intelligentclick(v./n.)点击clinic(n.)诊所；医务室clock(n.)钟 analarmclock一个闹钟close(v.)关闭；(adj.)亲密的；近的；(adv.)近-closed(adj.)关着的becloseto...=nextto=near离……近cloud(n.)云-cloudy(adj.)多云的coin(n.)硬币cold(adj.)冷的(n.)感冒 catchacold着凉；感冒collect(v.)-collection(n.)收藏品-collector(n.)收藏家 alargecollectionof...大量……college(n.)学院come(v.)来comeback=return回来；comefrom=befrom来自；cometoanend结束；cometrue实现；comeupwith想出；提出；comeon加油；赶快；得了吧comfort(v./n.)安慰-comfortable(adj.)舒服的-uncomfortable(adj.)-comfortably(adv.)common(adj.)普通的；共同的-uncommon(adj.)不常有的；罕见的 commonknowledge常识；It'scommonknowledgethat...=asweknow,...=aswellknownhavesomething/nothingincommonwith...和……有/无共同之处communicate(v.)交流-communication(n.)-communicative(adj.)交际的；健谈的community(n.)社区company(n.)公司=businesscompare(v.)比较-comparative(adj.)比较而言的-comparison(n.)比较compareAwithB比较A和B； compareAtoB把A比作Bcompete(v.)竞争-competition(n.)比赛-competitive(adj.)竞争的-competitor(n.)竞争者competewith/against...at/in...在某方面和……竞争complain(v.)抱怨；投诉-complaint(n.)抱怨makeacomplaint/complaintosbaboutsth向某人投诉/抱怨某事物complete(v./adj.)使完成，使完整；完整的；完全的-completely(adv.)完全地-incomplete(adj.)不完全的；不完整的concert(n.)音乐会；演奏会conclude(v.)得出结论；结束-conclusion(n.)结论-conclusive(adj.)结论性的jumptoaconclusion匆忙下结论；draw/reach/gettheconclusion得出结论inconclusion=inaword=tosumup=allinall=inshort=inbrief总之conference(n.)研讨会；（正式的）会议conduct(v.)指挥-conductor(n.)列车长；售票员confident(adj.)-confidence(n.)自信haveconfidencein...对……有信心=beconfidentabout/of...confuse(v.)使困惑-confused(adj.)-confusing(adj.)-confusion(n.)混乱；困惑congratulation(n.)祝喝（通常用复数形式）connect(v.)连接-connection(n.)连接connectAto/withB把A和B连接起来 ；beconnectedto/with...与……有联系consider(v.)考虑-considerable(adj.)相当大量的-considerate(adj.)体贴的；考虑周到的consist(v.)包含；组成，构成+of=bemadeupof由……组成contact(n.)联系；接触(v.)与…来往；联系+sb.contest(n.)竞赛=competitioncontinue(v.)-continual(adj.)连续的（有间隔）-continuous(adj.)连续的continue=goon+todosth继续做另一件事；continue=goon+doingsth继续做同一件事control(v./n.)控制bein/undercontrol在控制中；getoutofcontrol失控convenient(adj.)便利的-inconvenient(adj)-convenience(n.)conversation(n.)会话；谈话=talkcook(n.)厨师；(v.)烹饪-cooker(n.)厨具-cooked(adj.)煮熟的-cookery(n.)厨艺cool(adj.)凉爽的(v.)冷却-coolness(n.)冷漠 cooldown=calmdown冷静下来copy(v./n.)抄写；复印；副本；一本（份、册）-copyright(n.)版权makeacopyof...复制一份...；acopyof...一份;一本...corner(n.)角；角落correct(v./adj.)正确的；纠正-incorrect(adj.)不正确的-correctly(adv.)cost(v.)花费-costly(adj.)昂贵的=expensiveSthcostsbsth某事物花了某人…钱；atanycost无论如何；不惜任何代价atthecostof...以……的代价cotton(n.)棉花cough(v./n.)咳嗽 haveacough咳嗽count(v.)数-countable(adj.)可数的-uncountable(adj.)不可数的-countless(adj.)无数的countdown倒数；countonsb/sth指望……couple(n.)夫妇；一对；一副 acoupleof两个;几个course(n.)课程；过程cover(v.)覆盖(n.)封面；盖子-discover(v.)发现coversthwith...用……覆盖某事物；becoveredwith...被……覆盖；cover/hidethetruthcrazy(adj.)-crazily(adv.)-craziness(n.)疯狂becrazyabout...对……疯狂；gocrazy=gomad发疯cream(n.)奶油；乳脂create(v.)创造-creative(adj.)-creation(n.)-creator(n.)创造者cross(n.)十字形的东西(v.)越过；穿过-crossing(n.)十字路口crowd(v./n.)人群；拥挤-crowed(adj.)拥挤的becrowdedwith...=befullof...=befilledwith...被填满；被挤满culture(n.)-cultural(adj.)文化的-cultivate(v.)培养；耕作custom(n.)习俗-customer(n.)顾客-customs(n.)海关cut(v.)剪；切；削(n.)伤口 cutdown削减/砍到cutin插嘴daily(adj.)每天的；日常的(adv.)每天(n.)日报inone’sdailylife在某人的日常生活中ChinaDaily中国日报damage(v./n.)破坏；损害+sth causedamageto...对……造成损害dance(v./n.)跳舞-dancer(n.)跳舞者，舞蹈演员danger(n.)危险-dangerous(adj.)危险的-endanger(v.)危及beindanger处于危险中；beoutofdanger脱离危险dare(v.)敢于dare(not)dosth（不）敢做某事；=don’t/doesn'tdaretodosthdark(n.)黑暗(adj.)黑暗的-darkness(n.)黑暗 inthedarkness在黑暗中date(n.)日期；约会；枣 outofdate=old-fashioned过时的die(v.)死亡的-dead(adj.)无生命的-death(n.)死亡-deadly(adj.)致命的dieof/from...死于……；dieout灭绝；bedyingfor.../todo...渴望(做)……deal(v./n.)对付；分配；交易-dealt-dealtdealwith=dowith=solve=handle解决；应对；处理agreatdealof+[U]大量……makeadealwithsb和某人达成交易dear(adj.)亲爱的；贵的=expensivedebate(v./n.)争论；辩论 haveadebatewithsb.=debatewithsb.和某人争论/辩论decide(v.)决定-decision(n.)决定-decisive(adj.)决定性的makeadecisiontodosth=decidetodosth=makeupone'smindtodosth下定决心做某事decorate(v.)装饰-decoration(n.)装饰；装饰品 decorateAwithB 用B装饰Adeep(adj.)深的,厚的-deeply(adv.)很；深沉地-depth(n.)深度degree(n.)程度；度数；学位bydegrees逐渐地；toagreatdegree很大程度上delay(v./n.)延误；拖延=putoff+doingsthwithoutdelay=immediately=rightnow=rightaway立刻；马上deliver(v.)递送-delivery(n.)递送；送货dentist(n.)牙医-dental(adj.)牙齿的；口腔的deny(v.)否认，否定+doingItcan'tbedeniedthat...=Thereisnodenyingthat...不可否认……depart(v.)离开-departure(n.)离开depend(v.)依赖，取决于-dependent(adj.)依赖的-independent(adj.)独立的dependon依赖=relyon；取决于describe(v.)描写，叙述-description(n.)描绘deserve(v.)应得；应受deservetodosth值得做……；Youdeserveit！你应得的！/你活该！design(v./n.)设计-designer(n.)设计师 design...forB为B设计……desire(v.)渴望；热切希望(n.)愿望；欲望desiretodosth渴望做某事 haveadesirefor...渴望……destroy(v.)破坏；毁坏-destructive(adj.)毁灭性的-destruction(n.)破坏，毁灭detail(n.)细节-detailed(adj.)详细的 indetail详细地detective(adj.)侦探的(n.)侦探-detection(n.)侦察develop(v.)发展-developing(adj.)发展中的-developed(adj.)发达的-development(n.)developahabitof...养成一个...习惯；withthedevelopmentof...随着……的发展dial(v.)拨号dialogue(n.)对话diary(n.)日记 keepadiary写日记dictionary(n.)词典，字典diet(n.)饮食；食谱 be/goonadiet节食different(adj.)不同的-difference(n.)不同-differ(v.)使…不同于+from...bedifferentfrom...和……不同；thethedifferencebetweenAandB 区别A和B的不同makeadifference产生影响；有所作为difficult(adj.)困难的-difficulty(n.)困难havedifficulty(ies)/problem(s)/trouble+(in)doingsth做某事有困难dig(v.)-dug-dug挖；掘 digout挖掘；发现direct(v./adj.)直接的；指导-directly(adv.)直接地-director(n.)导演-direction(n.)方向；趋势；用法说明-indirect(adj.)间接的dirt(n.)脏-dirty(adj.)脏的disabled(n.)残疾人士；伤残者(adj.)丧失能力的；有残疾的 thedisabled残疾人able(adj.)能够的-unable(adj.)不能够的-enable(v.)使能够-ability(n.)能力beabletodosth=can(could)dosth；beunable/notabletodosth=can’t(couldn’t)dosthenablesbtodosth使某人能够做某事；havetheabilitytodosth有做某事的能力disadvantage(n.)不利；短处-advantage(n.)优势；有利disappear(v.)消失,不见-disappearance(n.)消失-appear(v.)出现-appearance(n.)出现；外表 disappoint(v.)使失望-disappointing(adj.)-disappointed(adj.)-disappointment(n.)toone'sdisappointment令某人失望的是，disaster(n.)灾难；灾祸-disastrous(adj.)灾难性的discover(v.)发现-discovery(n.)发现discuss(v.)讨论-discussion(n.)讨论haveadiscussionwithsbaboutsth=discusswithsbaboutsth和某人谈论关于某事物honest(adj.)诚实的-honesty(n.)诚实-dishonest(adj.)不诚实的-dishonesty(n.)不诚实tobehonest=totellthetruth=tobefrank=honestly实话实说like(v./prep.)喜欢；像-likely(adj.)可能的-dislike(v.)不喜欢-unlike(prep.)不像belikelytodosth可能做某事distant(adj.)遥远的-distance(n.)距离keepdistance保持距离；inthedistance在远处disturb(v.)打扰-disturbance(n.)打扰divide(v.)划分；分配-division(n.)分开；除法 divideAinto...把A分成……do(v.)做 do/tryone'sbesttodosth尽某人最大的努力做某事doharmto=beharmfulto=bebadfor...对……有害；dosbafavour=helpsb=givesbahand帮某人一个忙door(n.)门；通道knock(on)thedoor敲门；answerthedoor应门；thedoorto...通向……的门double(adj.)两倍的；双倍的(n.)双倍；双份 doublebed双人床download(v.)下载-upload(v.)上传downstairs(adj./adv.)在楼下；到楼下-upstarirs(adj./adv.)在楼上(的)draw(v.)-drew-drawn绘画；拖拉 drawone’sattention吸引某人的注意力dream(v./n.)梦；梦想-dreamer(n.) dreamof/about...梦；梦想dress(v.)穿衣；着装(n.)女装；连衣裙 dressup打扮drink(v./n.)-drank-drunk喝；饮料-drinkable(adj.)可饮用的drive(v.)-drove-driven驾驶-driver(n.)司机 takesbforadrive带某人去兜风drop(n.)滴(v.)-dropped-dropped掉下；落下；放弃 adropof...一滴dry(adj.)干的；干燥的dull(adj.)单调无味的=boring=uninterestingduty(n.)(道德/法律)责任beonduty值日；beoffduty下班It'sone'sdutytodosth做某事是某人的责任each(adj./pron.)每人；每个+of eachother相互(两者) oneanother相互(三者)eager(adj.)渴望的；热切的 beeagertodosth渴望做某事early(adj./adv.)早的；早地earth(n.)地球；泥，土；大地earthquake(n.)地震easy(adj.)简单的；容易的-easily(adv.)-ease(v./n.)缓解；舒适takeiteasy不要紧张 beatease(感到)舒适/自在economy(n.)-economic(adj.)经济的-economical(adj.)节约的-economics(n.)经济学educate(v.)教育-education(n.)教育-educational(adj.)教育的；有教育意义的effect(n.)效果-effective(adj.)有效的-effectively(adv.)有效地effort(n.)精力,努力 makeanefforttodosth.努力做某事efficient(adj)效率高的-efficiency(n.)效率-efficiently(adv.)有效地either(adj.)二者之一的(pron.)二者之一；要么...(adv.)也（不）either...or...要么...要么...；或者...或者；neither...nor...既不...也不...；notonly...butalso...不仅...而且...(就近原则)therebe句型electricity(n.)电-electronic(adj)电子的-electrical(adj.)与电有关的+appliances（电器）elementary(adj.)初级的；基础的e-mail(n.)电子邮件(v.)发电子邮件embarrass(v.)使尴尬-embarrassed(adj.)感到尴尬的-embarrassing(adj.)令人尴尬的-embarrassment(n.)尴尬emergency(n.)紧急情况；突发事件（emergencies复数）empty(adj.)空的enable(v.)使…能够；使…有能力+todosth【thedisabled=disabledpeople残疾人】beable/unabletodosth能够/不能够做某事； havetheabilitytodosth有做某事的能力courage(n.)勇气-encourage(v.)鼓励-encouragement(n.)encouragesbtodosth鼓励某人做某事end(n.)末尾；终点；结束(v.)结束；终止intheend=atlast最终； attheendof...在……的末端/结尾enemy(n.)敌人energy(n.)精力；能量-energetic(adj.)精力充沛的engine(n.)引擎-engineer(n.)工程师enjoy(v.)-enjoyable(adj.)令人愉快的-joy(n.)乐趣，欢乐enjoydoingsth喜欢(享受)做某事；enjoyoneself=havea/an+adj+time=havefun玩得高兴enough(adj.)足够的+n.(adv.)足够地(n.)足够；充足adj./adv.+enough+todosth=so+adj./adv.+that从句足够…做某事rich(adj.)-enrich(v.)使丰富enter(v.)-entrance(n.)入口attheentranceto...在去……的入口处envelop(n.)信封environment(n.)环境-environmental(adj.)-environmentally(adv.)equal(adj.)平等的-equally(adv.)-equality(n.)平等escape(v./n.)逃跑；逃脱（+from从…逃跑）=runawayespecially(adv.)特别；尤其Europe(n.)欧洲-European(adj./n.)欧洲人；欧洲的eve(n.)（节日的）前夕，前夜even(adv.)甚至【修饰比较级的词（组）：even，much，far，still，abit，alittle，alot】event(n.)事件-eventual(adj.)最终的-eventually(adv.)最终地everyday(adj.)每日的；日常的-everyday每天exact(adj.)确切的-exactly(adv.)确切地exam(n.)考试；测验-examine(v.)检查；对...进行考试excellent(adj.)极好的；优秀的except(prep.)除……之外（同类排除）exceptfor除……之外（异类排除）exchange(v./n.)交换；交流-change(v./n.)改变，变化-changeable(adj.)多变的excite(v.)使激动-excited(adj.)-exciting(adj.)-excitement(n.)兴奋excuse(v.)原谅；宽恕(n.)借口；辩解exercise(n.)锻炼；做操；练习(v.)锻炼；运用exhibit(v.)展览；展出-exhibition(n.)展览exist(v.)存在-existence(n.)存在exit(v./n.)出口；通道；离别，退出expect(v.)期待；预料-expectation(n.) expecttodosth=lookforwardtodoingexperience(n.)-experienced(adj.)有经验的experiment(n.)试验-experimental(adj.)试验的explain(v.)解释-explanation(n.)解释explainsthtosb向某人解释……explore(v.)-explorer(n.)探险家-exploration(n.)探险；探索express(v.)表达；表示(n.)快车-expression(n.)表达extra(adj.)额外的(adv.)特别地；非常；另外eye(n.)眼睛withone'sowneyes亲眼；catch/drawone'seye吸引某人的注意力fable(n.)寓言tellafable讲一个寓言face(n.)脸，面孔(v.)面对-facial(adj.)面部的makeaface做鬼脸loseface丢脸facetoface面对面;inthefaceof/facedifferentchallenges/difficulties面对不同的挑战/困难fact(n.)事实；现实infact=asamatteroffact事实上；实际上=inreality=actuallyfactory(n.)工厂-factories（复数）clothingfactory衣服厂fail(v.)失败；不及格-failure(n.)失败 failtodosth做某事失败Failureisthemotherofsuccess.失败是成功之母。asenseoffailure挫败感fair(n.)集市(adj.)公平的，(肤色)白皙地-unfair(adj.)不公平的-fairness(n.)公平；美好；清晰befair/unfairto...对……公平/不公平fall(n.)秋季=autumn(v.)落下；倒下；跌倒-fell-fallenfallbehind落后fallasleep入睡；fallill生病；falloff（从……）掉下；fallinlovewith…爱上……familiar(adj.)熟悉的befamiliarwith…熟悉……；befamiliarto…为……所熟知/熟悉famous(adj.)著名的befamousfor…以……而著名；befamousas…作为……而著名far(adj.)远的(adv.)远-further(adj./adv.)更远(的)(v.)促进，增进sofar到目前为止；far(away)from…离……遥远；furtherstudy(学习)深造fare(n.)票价；费用+s 侧重旅途中的交通费用farm(n.)农场，农庄(v.)耕作-farmer(n.)农民-farming(n.)农业farmproduct农产品fashion(n.)时尚-fashionable(adj.)时尚的beoutoffashion过时；beinfashion流行fasten(v.)系；扎-unfasten解开 fastentheseatbelt/safetybelt系安全带fat(n.)脂肪(adj.)胖的；肥的getfat发胖favour(n.)恩惠；好意；帮助-favourite(adj.)最喜爱的dosb.afavour=helpsb帮助某人；infavourof…赞成fear(n.)害怕，恐惧-fearful(adj.)害怕的，恐惧的-fearless(adj.)无畏的；大胆的feed(v.)喂养；饲养-fed-fedfeedon…以……为食；feedAwithB用A喂Bfeel(v.)感觉；触，摸-feeling(n.)感情；感觉；情绪female(adj.)女性的；雌性的-male(adj.)男性的；雄性的fence(n.)栅栏；篱笆(v.)围住ferry(n.)渡船-ferryman(n.)渡船主fever(n.)发烧；发热-feverish(adj.)发烧的haveafever发烧few(pron.)不多；少数(adj.)不多的；少数的+可数名词复数field(n.)田地；场地；领域fight(v./n.)打仗；打架；争论-fought-foughtfightwith/againstsbforsth为了…和某人打架/争论figure(n.)体型；外形；数字figureout计算出fill(v.)填空；装满；充满-full(adj.)满的befilledwith=befullof充满……；fillin/outtheform填写表格film(n.)电影；胶卷 makeafilm拍电影；playafilm播放电影final(adj.)最终的；终极的-finally(adv.)最后；最终=atlast=intheendfind(v.)找到；发现-found-found—finding(n.)（调查）发现（调研）结果findout查明；找出；了解; find+宾语+adj.发现…是……的findit+adj.+todosth发现做某事是……的fine(adj.)身体健康的；晴朗的(v./n.)罚款;罚金finger(n.)手指-fingernail(n.)指甲finish(v./n.)结束；完成+doingsthfinish=cometoanend结束=beoverfire(n.)火；火灾(v.)开火；射击-fireman(n.)消防员catchfire着火；beinfire燃烧；makeafire生火firework(n.)焰火first(adj.)第一的；最初的(adv.)第一；首先(n.)开端；开始atfirst起初=inthebeginning；firstofall首先=aboveall；firstname=givenname名fish(v./n.)鱼；鱼肉；捕鱼-fisherman(n.)渔民fit(adj.)健康的；合适的(v.)使适合；与…相配be/stay/keepfit保持健康=keep/stay/behealthyfix(v.)修理；安装；解决=repairfixup修补；安排flag(n.)旗舰；旗flash(n.)闪光；转瞬间(v.)闪光；飞速掠-flashy(adj.)闪光的；浮华的inaflash立刻；一瞬间=likelightning=atonce=flexible(adj.)能适应新情况的；灵活的；可变动的-flexibility(n.)灵活性；柔韧性flood(n.)洪水(v.)淹没beinflood洪水泛滥；befloodedwith…充斥着…；afloodof…大量的；floodin大量涌入flu(n.)流感haveaflu感冒；birdflu禽流感fly(v.)-flew-flown飞；乘飞机旅行；放（风筝）(n.)飞行；苍蝇flight(n.)航班flyakite放风筝；flyto…乘坐飞机去…；飞向…follow(v.)跟随；遵守-following(adj.)接着的；下列的-follower(n.)拥护者；追随者followone'sadvice听从某人的建议；followtherules遵守规则；asfollows如下fool(v./n.)傻子，愚弄-foolish(adj.)愚蠢的foolsbintodoingsth欺骗某人去做某事；makeafoolofsb戏弄某人=playatrickonsb.Itisfoolishtodosth做某事是愚蠢的foreign(adj.)外国的；外来的-foreigner(n.)外国人；外来者forget(v.)-forgetful(adj.)健忘的-unforgettable(adj.)难忘的forgive(v.)原谅forgettodosth忘记要做某事；forgetdoingsth忘记做过某事form(v./n.)形式；形成-formal(adj.)正式的 formin/outaform填表intheformof…以…的形式；formagoodhabitof…养成…的好习惯France(n.)法国-French(adj./n.)法国的；法语的；法语；法国人Frenchfries炸薯条free(adj.)自由的；免费的；空闲的-freely(adv.)-freedom(n.)自由inone'sfreetime在某人的空闲时间；forfree免费freeze(v.)-freezing(adj.)极冷的-frozen(adj.)冷冻的 freezetodeath冻死friend(n.)朋友-friendly(adj.)友好的-friendship(n.)友谊befriendlyto…对……友好fright(n.)惊恐；惊吓-frigh