2021年上海市初三中考冲刺阅读专题讲义-首字母填空 (教师版)

英语学科讲义首字母填空首字母填空

知识梳理：首字母填空专项训练一、首字母填空解题技巧：1.通读短文，了解大意；2.判断句子成分；3.确定空格单词词性；4.联系上下文，找线索，推测答案；5.通读短文，检查答案。注意语法问题；二、解题技巧详解从句子成分角度分析一个句子一般由两部分构成，即主语部分和谓语部分，这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分。句子的次要成分包括宾语，定语，状语，表语、同位语、补语等。对主语的判断：做主语词性主要为：名词，代词，动名词。注意名词单复数。【随堂测练1】TheI________bringsuscloserthanbefore.Doingsomer________beforethetestisnecessary.Threer________happenedyesterday.Buttodayalltherobbershavebeencaughtbythepolice.Thechildrenareallworkingintheclassroom.Someofthemarecleaningthewindowsando_______aresweepingthefloor.

此外，形容词前加the也可作主语。eg:Thericharenotalwayshappy.句中therich指“有钱人”，因此可以作主语。对谓语的判断：做谓语词性主要为：动词。注意时态的问题。【随堂测练2】Mymumalwayse________metobeabraveboywhenIwasyoung.ThiskindofnewmobilephonecostssomuchthatIcanhardlya________one.Knowingmorethanonelanguagei________yourknowledgeofothercultures.Thestudentsinourschoolalwaysc________aboutthefood.时态:一般现在时：要考虑动词的三单形式一般过去时：要考虑动词的过去式现在进行时：考虑动词的现在分词形式现在完成时：要考虑动词的过去分词的形式对宾语的判断:做宾语词性主要为：主要为名词，代词，动名词。【随堂测练3】Thedoctorsarebusyo________ontheseriouslyinjuredmanatthemoment.Ifyoufeelnervous,takeadeepb________andI'msureyou'llfeelbetter.Hehadtomakeac________betweenstudyinginShanghaiandgoingabroad.Ifyoumeetwithanyd________,youcanaskmeforhelp.对表语的判断:做表语词性主要为：形容词，名词,介词短语。如果是动词的适当形式作表语，动词必须改成todo,doing或done的形式。注意形容词比较级和最高级。【随堂测练4】Heisp________ofhisdaughter,forshealwaysgetsAgradesinallsubjects.Thesickmanisgettingw________.Maybehewilldiesoon.Suchcoldweatherisquiteu________inMayandpeoplehavetowearwarmclothesagain.Shewasa________abigprizeforherhardwork.对定语的判断:做定语词性主要为：形容词，序数词，介词短语。如果是动词的适当形式作定语，动词必须改成todo,doing或done的形式。注意形容词比较级和最高级。【随堂测练5】I’vebeenusedtothec________weatherinLondon.ThevisittoChongmingIslandwasreallyu________,itleftusasweetmemory.That’sonlymyp________opinion.Everyoneiswelcometoshareyours.TheFrenchartistsaid,“Itismyf_______timetovisitShanghai.Ilovethiscitysomuch.”对状语的判断:做状语词性主要为：副词，介词。如果是动词的适当形式作状语，动词必须改成todo,doing或done的形式。【随堂测练6】TheoldladycouldhardlybelievethatshehadgotthetravelpasstoHongKongsoe________.Sheremembereditwashard.IthoughtIwaswrong.A________,itisawisedecision.B________,youneedtomakeupastory.Canyouwriteyourownone?Asyouclimb,yourpartnerpullsyouclimbingropet________somethingcalleda

belaydevice

(绳索控制器).对连词的判断:并列连词and,but,or,so,notonly…butalso,either…or,neither…nor,aswellas,both…and等连接并列的词,词组和句子;从属连词although/though/because/if/unless/when/until/after/before/as/...等连接从句。因此，首字母中一个句子中有从句的话，就考虑从属连词。【随堂测练7】Workharder,a________you’llmakegreatprogressinEnglish.Myjobistoprotecttheinnocentaswella________findtheguilty.A________WaltDisneymademanyofhismostfamousmoviesmanyyearsago,theyareaspopularnowastheywerewhenhemadethem.Youwillfailintheexamu________youstudyharderthanbefore.其他做题思路：依据习惯用法与固定搭配进行填词：如:W________hishelp,theoldmanwassafe.Theboythankedhimverymuch.从句意我们就知道是“在他的帮助下”，withhishelp.依据语法知识进行填词：如:Thesepeopleoftenhavethinwallswhichcan’ts________thenoisefromnextdoor.根据句意我们了解道墙壁很薄，所以不能阻止隔壁的噪音。根据中考词组“stop…from”，所以填stop。依据常识的积累进行填词：如:Butitwastoolate.Hisfriendwasveryangry.Mr.Whitesaidnothingbutonlyoneword“S________.”Mr.White迟到了，他的朋友很生气，他什么都没说，只说了一个字“S

.”我们根据常识肯定是向他的朋友道歉，所以肯定填sorry.依据逻辑推理与句意理解进行填词：如：OneSundayafternoon,Mr.Whitedrovehisnewcartohisfriend’shousehappily.Hewantedtop________

hisfriendupatfiveandthenwenttoseeanewmovietogether.根据句意，Mr.White高兴地开着车去他的朋友家，然后一起去看电影，我们可以进行逻辑推理，他肯定是去接他的朋友，所以填pick.参考答案：【随堂测练1】1.Internet 2.revision 3.robberies 4.others【随堂测练2】1.encouraged/enabled 2.afford 3.improves/increases 4.complain【随堂测练3】1.operating 2.breath 3.choice 4.difficulty【随堂测练4】1.proud 2.worse 3.unusual 4.awarded【随堂测练5】1.changeable2.unforgettable3.personal 4.first【随堂测练6】1.easily 2.Actually 3.Besides 4.through【随堂测练7】1.and 2.as 3.Although 4.unless【随堂测练8】81.behaviors82.includes 83.once 84.connected85.lonely 86.without 87.advantages三、通关秘籍：四、典型案例分析：2018年静安区二模There’snoplacelikehomeSomepeopledreamofhavingahome‘justliketheonesindecoratingmagazines’.Thatsortofbeautifullystylishhomemayben81,butforatrulyspecialplacetolive,whynotchooseahomeunlikeanyotherintheneighbourhood?Theunique(独一无二的)housesonthesepageschallengepeopletoreconsiderwhatahomeiss82tolooklike.Environmentallyfriendlyhomesaregettingalotofa83thesedays.Earthships,forexample,areunusualhomesmadefrommaterialslikemud,strawandreusedwood.Thedesignersofearthshipscombinethesenaturalmaterialswithrecycledi84,suchasbottles,cansandoldtyres.Thesehomesshowtheirbeliefthat,whenitcomestosavingtheenvironment,‘ifyouaren’tpartofthesolution,you’repartoftheproblem.’Additionallymanyofthesehomesusewindorsolarpower.Theyaredesignedtocollectandrecyclewater,andthepeoplewholiveinthemoftenaddagreenhouseinwhichtogrowfood.Asaresult,ifyouliveinanearthship,yourmonthlylivingcostswilld85toalmostzero.Forpeoplewhowanttotryoneout,thePhoenixEarthshipintheUSisavailableasholidayaccommodation(住宿).Shippingcontainersarenowbeingreusedtomakea86typeofenvironmentallyfriendlyhome.Anumberofarchitectshavestartedchangingindividualcontainersintoholidayhomes.Alternativelytheycanbecombinedtomakeofficeblocksandblocksofflats,suchasthoseContainerCityinLondon,England.Withalloftheexamplesofimaginativehomes,itisclearthatpeoplenolongerneedtosettleforordinarylivingspaces.Onethingissure:peoplelivinginhomesthatlookass87astheseneverhavetogiveanyonetheiraddress.Theycanjustsay,‘Lookfortheweirdhouse.Youwillknowitwhenyouseeit.’【答案】81.nice82.supposed83.attention84.items85.drop86.another87.strange【解析】根据句子分析知道该空词性为形容词，同时根据句子前面的短语“beautifullystylishhome”可以推测出这种漂亮设计的房子可能会很好，由此可以联想到答案为：nice.本题可以根据语法推测出答案，besupposedto应该做某事的意思，再根据上下的意思联系，可以推测出答案为：supposed。注意besupposedto为考纲新增词汇，需要着重强调。根据句子分析知道该空词性为名词，再根据第一段中的短语“theunique(独一无二的)houses”和“environmentallyfriendlyhomes”可以得知环保的房子是独一无二的，独一无二的东西必然会引起大家的关注，由此可以推测出答案为：attention。根据句子分析知道该空词性为名词，再根据“suchasbottles,cansandoldtyres.”可以推测举例的是东西，由此可以推测出答案为：items。注意单复数。根据句子分析知道该空词性为动词，再根据句子“Additionallymanyofthesehomesusewindorsolarpower.”可以得知这样的家可以用风和太阳能，由此可以推测出每个月的费用就会下降，因此答案为：drop。根据句子分析知道该空词性可能为形容词，再根据前面讲的环保的房子是“earthships”，而现在“Shippingcontainers”被用来做环保的房子，由此可以得出是另一种类型的环保的房子，由此可以推测出答案为：another。根据句子分析知道该空词性可能为形容词,再根据后面的短语“weirdhouse”可以得知是奇怪的房子，由此可以推测出答案为：strange。强化练习：(基础篇)2018年普陀区二模C.Fillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)(14分)Whenchildrenplaygames,theydon’tneedareferee(裁判).Theyhavetheirownrulesinplayinggames.Theyseldomfinditnecessarytokeepscoresbecausetheydon’tworryaboutwhowinsorloses.Theyevendon’tc81ifthegameisnotfinished.Yet,theylikegamesthatdependalotonluck,sothattheira82arenotsoimportant.Theyalsoenjoygamesthatmoveinstagesinwhichtheychooseleadersandpickupsides.Grown-upsr83findchildren’sgamesexciting,andtheyoftenfeelpuzzledatwhytheirkidsplaysuchsimplegamesagainandagain.However,itisfoundthatachildplaysgamesforsomeimportantr84.Hecanbeagoodplayerwithouthavingtothinkwhetherheisapopularperson,andhecanfindhimselfbeingau85partnertosomeonewhoismorepopularinreallife.Whenitishisturntobetheleader,everyonefollowshisorders.Thismakeshimfeelmorec86.Itseemsthatwhenchildrenplayagame,theyi87asituationundertheircontrol.Unlikereallife,inthissituationtheymaketherulesthemselves,andmoreimportantly,everyoneplaysaccordingtotherules.Thoserulesmaybechildish,buttheymakesurethateverychildhasachancetowin.(2)2018年虹口区二模C.Fillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给)(14分)TheriseoftheEmoji(表情符号)Happy,angry,amazed－thesearesomeoftheemotionsweliketoexpressthesedayswhenwe’resendingamessageonourmobilephones.We’realsousingthemasaquickwayoftellingsomeonehowwe’ref________(81).Yes,emojishavebecomeaveryimportanttoolforcommunication.Let’sclearonethingupfirst－thereareemojisandemoticons.Thelatterarelittleimageswhicharemadeusingnormalkeysonakeyboard.Forexample,acolon(冒号),twodots,followedbyaclosebracket(右括号)isa“smileyface”.Butastechnologyhasimproved,manyimageshavebeencreatedandtheycanbesimplya________(82)toyourmessages,whichisgreat!TheemojiwasfirstinventedinJapaninthelate1990sandtheword“emoji”comesfromtheJapanesewordsfor“picture”and“character”.Thenumberofdifferentimageshasgreatlyi________(83)sincethen.Nowwehaveapictureofeverymoodorsituation.Anothera________(84)ofemojisisthattheyareaninternationallanguage－theydon’tusewordbuttellamessageinpictorialformsotheycanbee________(85)translatedwhateveryournativelanguageis.However,theemojisyousendneedsomethoughtastheycansometimesbemisunderstood.Ifafriendsendsyouanemojiofahammer(锤),youmaythinkheisangrywhenreallyheiss________(86)hehashurt!ButasLinguistNeilCohnsays,“Tomany,emojisareanexcitingdevelopmentofthewaywecommunicate;toothers,theyarelinguisticdecline(语言的衰退).”Itshowsthereisalotmoretoourcommunicationthanwordsa________(87),butdoesthismeanthedeclineintraditionalwriting?(3)2018年长宁区二模C.Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)(14分)IrelyalotonmyphonetohelpmewhenIstudyinAmerica.HerearesomeofthemostusefulappsIhaveusedbutneverpaidfor!CalendarAllphonescomewithaninbuiltcalendarapp.I’vefoundmyselfusingtheappquitealotrecently.Itisimportanttoknowyourdatewhenp81aweekendaway.ItisalsocomfortingtochecktheappwhenI’mfeelinghomesick–ithelpstoremindmethatIwillbehomesoon,soIshouldmakethemostofmytimea82.GoogleTranslateIt’sthatmomentwhenthewordisonthetipofyourtongue,butyoujustcan’tr83it!Don’tworry;GoogleTranslatecanlendyouahand!Justmakesureyoudouble-checkifyouaretranslatinglongertexts,asthesoftwaredoesmakesomeveryhumorousm84!GmailPersonally,IreallyliketheGmailappbecauseitautomaticallyputsemails,basedondifferentitems,intodifferentcategories.Theimportantmailgoesstraighttomyinbox(信箱),whilel85importantmailisputintoothercategories.HeadspaceAfteranexhaustingdayofwork,Ineededawaytohelpcalmandfocusmymind.ThisishowIfoundHeadspace.Signupforfreetotrysomeeasymeditations(冥想)–theyonlytaketenminutes.I’vefoundthemagreatwaytorelaxa86astressfulday.TripAdvisorWhenexploringanewtown,it’sgoodtoknowthebestplacestoeatandthemostinterestingattractionstosee.IalwaysturntoTripAdvisorforinformation.Here,youcanfindhotels,restaurantsandattractionswhicharel87togetherwithothervisitors’ratings(等级)andcomments.Itmakesitaloteasiertochooseagoodhotel.(4)2018年黄浦区二模C.Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）:（14分）Gradesareimportant,buttheyarenottheonlymeasure.Ihavecometounderstandthatexamgradesarenottheonlypurposeofschools,andgradesa81arenotenough.Studiesshowthatsomeofthehigh-flyingstudentshavetroubledlives,findingitdifficulttogetgoodjobsorbecomegreatparentsorpartners.A82graduation,studentscometorealizewhattheyhavelearnedatschoolhasnotreallypreparedthemforthenextstep.Increasingly,teachersaregettingtoknowtheideaof“learningfromourfailures.”Ifyou’veneverfailedatanything,you’vecertainlynevert83anythingnew.Examgradesareimportantandweencourageallstudentstoaimhighandtodowell.Buttheydon’tm84success.IonceaskedmystudentstoconsiderthechefGordonRamsay,andhowhebecamesosuccessful.Theyweresurprisedtofindthathedidn’thaveagoodperformanceatschoolandhedidn’ts85becomeagreatchef.Inaninterview,heexplainedthatheworkedlonghoursforverylittlemoney,learningeverythinghecould.Hetookchanceseveniftheyseemedi86.Hemademistakesbuthecheeredhimselfupandmovedforward.Hissuccessdidn’tcomefromgrades,itcamefromhischaracter:courage,effortandconfidence.Weshoulddevelopsocialskillsthroughthewholeschoolasanimportantp87oflearning.Thisiswhythereisafocusonperformance,sportandotheractivities.Theselifeskillswillworkhand-in-handwithknowledgetoenablestudentstodowellintheirfuturelife.81.care 82.abilities 83.rarely 84.reasons 85.useful86.confident87.imagine81.feeling 82.added 83.increased 84.advantage 85.easily86.saying 87.alone81.planning/preparing 82.abroad 83.remember/reach/recall84.mistakes 85.less 86.after 87.Listed(4)81.alone 82.After 83.tried 84.mean 85.suddenly86.impossible 87.part小结：课后作业：(提高篇)2020杨浦一模C.Fillintheblankswithproperwords（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）ArareexperienceImaginethesituation.You’rewalkingdownthecrowdedhighstreetands___56___acompletestrangerstopsyouandsays,“Hi!YouwereonthebeachinthesouthofSpainsixyearsago.Howareyoudoing?”Thisstrangerisn’tnecessarilym___57___.Heorshemightbea“super-recogniser”.Thesearepeoplewhohavetheunusualabilitytorecognisepeopletheyhaveseenonlyonce--alongtimeago,maybeinacrowed.WhateverthedifferencesinlooksItdoesn’tmatterwhatthepersonlookslikenow.Peoplechange,getdifferenthairstyles,dyetheirhairorgogrey.Wrinkles,newglassesandmakeupsgivethemnewa___58___,butthe“super-recognisers”canstillrecognisethem.AninbornskillAlthoughscientistshaveknownforalongtimethatabout2%ofpeoplesufferfromface-blindness,whichmeansthattheyhavehugeproblemsrecognisingfaces,theyareonlynewrealisingthatsomepeoplearetheexacto___59___.Testshaveshownthata“super-recogniser”canidentifypeoplethattheyonlysawforabriefmoment--andthisisnotanabilitythatwecand____60____,it’ssomethingwearebornwith.Agreath___61___Thepolicearestartingtouse“super-recognisers”tospotcriminalfacesinvideosofcrowds.Theylookforpeoplewithaspecificbuildandfacialfeatureslikebeardsandmoustachesbuttheycanevenrecognisequiteo___62___people,withnonoticeablefeaturesatall.AswellassurprisingourholidaymakerinSpainsixyearslater,thisabilitycanbeusedforaverypracticalpurposeindeed.【答案】56.suddenly57.mad58.appearnaces59.opposite60.develop61.help62.ordinary【解析】本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述什么是超级识别者，虽然以前见过一面，现在你的外形发生改变了，但是他们能让能认出你，这是天生的技能，最后讲述这一技能可以帮助警察指认罪犯。这种能力确实有非常实用的地方。【56题详解】句意：你走在拥挤的大街上，突然一个完全陌生的人让你停下来并说：“嗨!六年前你在西班牙南部的海滩上”。根据句意可知，空处用副词修饰整个句子。表示“突然有人让你停下来”。suddenly突然，故答案为suddenly。【57题详解】句意：这个陌生人不是疯了。根据空前系动词is以及副词necessary可知，空处用形容词。mad疯的，故答案为mad。【58题详解】句意：皱眉、新的眼镜以及化妆给了他们新的外貌，但是这个超级识别者仍然能够认出他们。根据空前形容词new可知，空处用名词，且根据Peoplechange,getdifferenthairstyles,dyetheirhairorgogrey“人们会变，会有不同的发型，会把头发染成灰色”可知，表示的是新的外貌，appearance外貌，根据them可知，用复数，故答案为appearances。【59题详解】句意：尽管科学家们很早就知道大约2%的人患有脸盲症，这意味着他们在识别人脸方面有很大的困难，但他们只是刚刚意识到有些人恰恰相反。根据空前exact可知，空处用名词，根据Testshaveshownthata“super-recogniser”canidentifypeoplethattheyonlysawforabriefmoment“测试表明，超级识别者可以识别那些他们只看了不一会儿的人”可知，表示“他们与脸盲症的人完全相反”。opposite相反，故答案为opposite。【60题详解】句意：测试表明，超级识别者可以识别那些他们只看了不一会儿的人。这不是我们能够培养的能力，这是我们天生具有的一些东西。根据空前can可知，空处用动词原形，且根据it’ssomethingwearebornwith“这是我们天生具有的东西”可知，这种能力不能培养。develop培养，故答案为develop。【61题详解】句意：一个很大的帮助。根据空前great可知，空处用名词。且根据Thepolicearestartingtouse“super-recognisers”tospotcriminalfacesinvideosofcrowds“警方开始用超级识别者在人群视频中识别罪犯的面孔”可知，可以帮助警察识别罪犯，所以表示“很大的帮助”，help帮助，且根据空前a可知，用单数，故答案为help。【62题详解】句意：他们寻找的是有特定体型和面部特征的人，比如络腮胡子和八字胡，但他们甚至可以识别根本没有明显特征的非常普通的人。根据空前quite以及空后people可知，空处用形容词，且根据withnonoticeablefeaturesatall“一点也没有值得注意的特征”可知，表示“普通的”。ordinary普通的，故答案为ordinary。2020闵行一模Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）Idon’tbelieveit!It’s11p.m.andI’mstillsittingherewritingthisarticlefortheschoolmagazine!I’vehadtwoweekstowriteitandmyteacherwantsittomorrow.She’salwaysc____56____thatIleavethingstothelastminute.Maybeshe’sright.Amonthago,Imadeupmymindtobemoreefficientthisyearandnottoleavethingtothelastminute.ButI’vefailed.I’vealsobeentryingtogetfitterforfourweeksnow.I’vestartedgoingtothegym.I’vetakenupkaratelessonsandI’vechangedmydiet.I’veevenbeengoingtobedearlier.ButI’mnotfeelinganyfitter.Ifeltjustalittleu____57____.Imissmybadhabits.Whyisleadingabetterlifesohard?I’vejustreadanarticleonawebsiteandI’vefoundoutthatitisn’tmyfault!Infact,itisn’tanyone’sfault!It’sourbrains.They’reprogrammed,therefore,itisdifficulttobreakbadhabits.There’snothingwecando.Scientistshavedoneexperimentsthatshowweuseonepartofourbrainwhenwethinkabouto____58____andanotherwhenwethinkaboutotherpeople.However,whenwethinkaboutthe‘futureus’,weusethepartofthebrainthatweusuallyusetothinkaboutotherpeople.Inotherwords,thebrainseesthe‘futureyou’asadifferentpersontoyour‘presentyou’.Andthat’swhywedon’talwaysfinditeasytomakesensibled____59____inthefuturewhenwefacedifficulties.Butthat’snotall.Scientistshavealsofoundoutthatittakesaroundtenweekstoformagoodhabit.Forexample,ifIwanttokeepfit,it’sgoingtotakemetenweekstogotothegymandthenitwillbecomeanautomaticpartofmylife.That’sbecausetenweeksistheamountoftimethebrainneedstochangeanda____60____newwaysofbehaviorasapartofeverydaylife.Thegoodnewsisthatonceyoumakeittotenweeks,everythingbecomesmucheasier.Thebadnewsisthattenweeksisareallylongtime,soit’seasytogiveupon（打消）yourgoodplans_____61_____Sothereyouare.Maybewewanttochangeourwaysandbecomebetterpeoplebutourbrainswon’tletus.oristhisjustane____62____?Look!I’vefinishedmyarticleontime.Anythingispossible!【答案】56.complaining57.unhappier58.ourselves59.decisions60.accept61.soon62.excuse【解析】这是一篇议论文，作者分析了习惯为什么不容易被改变。【56题详解】句意：她总是抱怨我把事情留到最后一刻。根据关键词“always”以及句子“Ileavethingstothelastminute”把事情留到最后一刻。可知总是在埋怨我的做法。故此空格需要填写complain，但是在句子中已有be动词的形式，故答案为complaining。【57题详解】句意：我只是感觉有点不开心。根据“I’vealsobeentryingtogetfitterforfourweeksnow.I’vestartedgoingtothegym.I’vetakenupkaratelessonsandI’vechangedmydiet.I’veevenbeengoingtobedearlier.ButI’mnotfeelinganyfitter.”四周以来，我一直在努力变得更健康。我已经开始去健身房了。我上了空手道课，改变了饮食。我甚至更早就睡觉了，但是我感觉没有什么改变。可知自己做了那么多而没有变化而不高兴。根据“ButI’mnotfeelinganyfitter”此句用到了比较级，故答案为unhappier。【58题详解】句意：当我们想到自己时，我们使用大脑的一部分，当我们想到别人时，我们使用另一部分。根据“However,whenwethinkaboutthe‘futureus’,weusethepartofthebrainthatweusuallyusetothinkaboutotherpeople.”然而，当我们想到“未来的我们”时，我们使用大脑中通常用来思考别人的部分。根据句子中的“otherpeople”，可推测出与空格中的词是对应词，应填“ourselves”。故答案为ourselves。【59题详解】句意：这就是为什么当我们面临困难时，我们并不总是容易做出明智的决定的原因。根据“thebrainseesthe‘futureyou’asadifferentpersontoyour‘presentyou’.”大脑将“未来的你”视为与“现在的你”不同的人。可推测，就因为这样，我们并不总是容易做出明智的决定（makesensitivedecision）的原因。故答案为decisions。【60题详解】句意：那是因为，作为日常生活当中的一部分，十周是一定量的时间，需要我们的大脑改变和接受新行为的方式。根据“Scientistshavealsofoundoutthatittakesaroundtenweekstoformagoodhabit.”科学家还发现，形成一个好习惯需要大约十周的时间。可推测：十周的时间是个考验，是我们改变和接受新行为的时间。故答案为accept。【61题详解】句意：很快打消你的好计划是很容易的。根据“Thebadnewsisthattenweeksisareallylongtime.”坏消息是，十周真的很长。可推测到因为时间长，不容易坚持，我们的好计划很快（soon）就被打消。故答案为soon。【62题详解】句意：也许我们想改变我们的方式，成为更好的人，但是我们的大脑不让我们这样做。或者说，这只是一个借口吗？根据课文可知，不是大脑，而是我们的习惯阻止我们改变，说是大脑的原因，只是个借口。故答案为excuse。2020徐汇一模Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给):Ifyouhaveeverhadtroubledoingthingsyoushoulddoorwouldliketodo,youhaveexperiencedprocrastination(拖延症).Whenyouprocrastinate,insteadofworkingonimportantmeaningfultasks,youfindyourselfperformingmeaninglessactivities.Ifyouareaprocrastinator,perhapsyouspendlotsoftimewatchingTV,playingvideogames,checkingFacebook,eating,cleaningorwalkingbackandforththroughtheroom.Afterwards,youfeelpowerlessandhavethef___56___ofguiltandtrouble.Onceagain,youendupdoingnothing.Soundfamiliar?L___57___peopledon’tdoanythingandarejustfinewithit.Procrastinators,however,w