英语的时态省公开课一等奖全国示范课微课金奖课件

时态概述时态演化演化练习时态详解普通现在时普通过去时现在完成时现在完成进行时过去完成时现在进行时过去进行时未来进行时普通未来时1/49时态概述

动词原形；第三人称单数在词尾加-s或-es现在过去未来过去未来普通状态完成状态完成进行状

态dododoes动词过去式（规则或不规则）didbegoingto/will/shall+动词原形begoingtowillshall+do进行状态am、is或are加动词现在分词amisare+doingwas/were加动词现在分词waswere+doingwould/should加bedoingwas/weregoingto,would或should加动词原形wasweregoingtowouldshould+dowill/shall加bedoingwouldshould+bedoingwillshall+bedoinghave或has加动词过去分词havehas+done助动词had加动词过去分词had+doneWill/shall加have加过去分词willshallhavedone+would或should加have加动词过去分词wouldshould+havedonehave/has加been加动词现在分词havehas+beendoinghad加been加动词现在分词hadbeendoingwill/shall加have加been加现在分词willshall+havebeendoingwould/shouldhavebeendoing单击转到目录页2/49惯用时态演化示意图1一般现在时态do过去did现在do未来amisaregoingtowillshall过去waswerewouldshould注：普通现在时态第三人称单数形式——词尾按规则加-s或-es。普通现在时普通过去时普通现在时普通未来时过去未来时3/49惯用时态演化示意图2一般现在时态do现在进行amisaredoing过去waswere现在amisare未来bewillshall注：普通现在时态第三人称单数形式——词尾按规则加-s或-es。过去wouldshould普通现在时现在进行时过去进行时未来进行时过去未来进行时现在进行时4/49惯用时态演化示意图3一般现在时态do注：普通现在时态第三人称单数形式——词尾按规则加-s或-es。现在完成havehasdone过去had普通现在时现在完成时过去完成时单击转到目录页5/49惯用时态演化练习1结构练习以write为中心动词写出各对应时态结构：

普通现在时普通过去时普通未来时现在进行时过去进行时

过去未来时未来进行时过去未来进行时现在完成时过去完成时write;writeswroteam/is/are

goingto/will/shall

writeam/is/arewrtingwas/werewrtingwas/were

goingto/would/should

writewill/shallbewritingwould/shouldbewritinghave/haswritten

hadwrittendo;doesdidam/is/are

goingto/will/shall

doam/is/aredoingwas/weredoingwas/were

goingto/would/should

dowill/shallbedoingwould/shouldbedoinghave/hasdone

haddone6/49惯用时态演化练习2结构练习以“看书”为中心推断以下句子时态并翻译：他已经看过这本书了。他要看一本书。他正在看书。他昨天看了一本书。当初他正在看书。他天天都要看一本书。明天这个时候他将正在看书。他说他要看一本书。他在走之前就看过这本书了。判断不对没关系现在完成时普通未来时现在进行时普通过去时过去进行时普通现在时未来进行时过去未来时过去完成时Hehasreadthebook.Hewillbereadingabookatthistimetomorrow.Hewillreadabook.Heisreadingabook.Hereadabookyesterday.Hewasreadingabookthen.Hereadsabookeveryday.Hesaidhewouldreadabook.Hehadreadthebookbeforeleaving.7/49时态详解普通现在时普通现在时由谓语动词原形组成，主语是第一、第二人称和第三人称复数时，动词用原形。当主语是第三人称单数时，须在动词原形词尾加-s或-es。主要用法a表示现在特征或状态

e.g.Imajorincomputerscience.

Georgeisateacher.

Italldepends.(得看情况。)8/49时态详解普通现在时普通现在时由谓语动词原形组成，主语是第一、第二人称和第三人称复数时，动词用原形。当主语是第三人称单数时，须在动词原形词尾加-s或-es。主要用法b表示经常或习惯性动作

e.g.Iclimbthemountainthreetimesaweek.Itseldomsnowshere.

Theycycletoworkevery

day.9/49时态详解普通现在时普通现在时由谓语动词原形组成，主语是第一、第二人称和第三人称复数时，动词用原形。当主语是第三人称单数时，须在动词原形词尾加-s或-es。主要用法c表示公认事实或普遍真理e.g.Healthismoreimportantthanwealth.Fourplusthreeequalsseven.

Waterfreezesat0℃.10/49时态详解普通现在时普通现在时由谓语动词原形组成，主语是第一、第二人称和第三人称复数时，动词用原形。当主语是第三人称单数时，须在动词原形词尾加-s或-es。主要用法d在时间和条件状语从句中代替未来时e.g.Whenhefinishesmiddleschool,hewillgoonhisstudiesincollege.

Wewillhaveafootballmatchifitisfinetomorrow.

Wewillstartas

soonasyouareready.11/49时态详解普通现在时主要用法e在口语中表示预先安排好将要发生动作，但这只用于一些表示位置移动动词，如come,go,leave,sail,arrive,return,depart以及象start,begin,end,stop,open,close和be

等词e.g.Thedelegationarrivesheretomorrow.

Theplanetakesoffat11a.m..

Theeveningpartybeginsat7:00tonight.

Whendoestheexhibitionclose?

Iaminmyofficefromthreetosixthisafternoon.将要发生动作，12/49时态详解普通现在时主要用法f用于一些谚语、新闻标题、体育讲解词、舞台指导说明或讲故事等e.g.Pridegoesbeforeafall.（骄者必败。）

AMERICANPROFESSORLEAVESBEIJING

MoorpassestoCharlton;Charltonshoots,it'sagoodgoal.

Whenthecurtainrises,Julietissittingatherdesk.Thephonerings.

Shepicksitupandlistensquietly.

Itispitch-dark（漆黑）thatnight.Acoldwindisblowingfromthenorth.Suddenlythedooropens.Amanburstsinwithababyinhisarms.单击转到目录页13/49时态详解普通过去时普通过去时以谓语动词原形加-ed表示，不规则动词过去式见不规则动词表。主要用法a表示确定过去时间里发生动作或情况

e.g.Scissorscutpaper,butIcutmyfingerthismorning.

Shanghaiwasoncethe"ParadiseforAdventures".

Whendidyoumeethim?14/49时态详解普通过去时主要用法b表示过去习惯动作

e.g.Kenneversmoked.

Heoftenwentdancingbefore.

HegaveMaryexcitinggiftseveryChristmas.也可用usedto或would来表示过去习惯动作

e.g.Tomusedtoeatouteveryday,butnowhecan'taffordit.

Hedidn'tusetomakethatmistake.

Whenhewasyoung,hewouldriseearlyand

takeawalkbeforebreakfast.15/49时态详解普通过去时主要用法c在时间和条件状语从句中，代替过去未来时

e.g.Imissedthatexcitinggame,becausemothersaidIcouldn'twatchTVbeforemyhomeworkwasfinished.

Fatherpromisedtobuymeabikeifhegotaraise.

Thelittleboywouldopenthedoorifheheardanybodyknockatthedoor.16/49时态详解普通过去时主要用法d用于一些虚拟句，表示现在或未来臆想或非真实情况

e.g.IwishIhadabettermemory.

It'sfiveo'clock.It'stimewewenthome.

I'dratheryoulivedclosertous.

IfIknewhisaddress,Iwouldlookhimup.单击转到目录页17/49时态详解现在完成时现在完成时由have/has+过去分词组成，规则动词过去分词与过去式同形，不规则动词过去分词见不规则动词表。与现在完成时连用时间状语主要有两类，一类是表示不确切时间状语，如just，ever，never，yet，already，before等；另一类是表示包含现在在内时间状语，如thesedays，since…，foralongtime，thisyear，sofar，uptillnow等。18/49时态详解现在完成时主要用法a用来表示从过去到现在这段时间里已完成且对现在有影响动作

e.g.JohnhasbeentoBeijing.

--JohnhasgonetoBeijing.

--Ihaveseenthefilmmanytimes.（说明他现在已经返回）（说明他现在不在此地）（说明对电影内容很熟悉）19/49时态详解现在完成时主要用法b表示从过去延续到现在动作或状态Howmanypageshaveyoucoveredtoday?Ithasrainedagreatdealsinceyouleft.Shehasbeenillforthreedays.20/49时态详解现在完成时主要用法c在时间和条件状语从句中代替未来完成时

e.g.Thestudentswillgohomeassoonastheyhavefinishedtheexams.

IwillgivemyopinionwhenIhavereadthebookthrough.

Hewillsaysorrytoyouifhehasrealizedhisownmistake.21/49时态详解现在完成时主要用法d用于Thisisthefirsttime…结构中

e.g.ThisisthefirsttimeIhaveeatenPizza.

Thisisthefirsttimetheyhaveseenapanda.

ItisthefirsttimeJohnhasplayedgolf.单击转到目录页22/49时态详解现在完成进行时现在完成进行时由"has/havebeen+现在分词"组成主要用法a表示现在以前一直在进行一个动作，这个动作可能已经停顿,也可能还在进行

e.g.Howlonghasitbeenraining?

Shehasbeenteachingintheelementaryschoolsince1990.

Howhaveyoubeengettingonwithyourwork?23/49时态详解现在完成进行时现在完成进行时由"has/havebeen+现在分词"组成主要用法b表示延续到现在并经常重复动作

e.g.Jimisannoyed.JimhasbeenphoningJennyeverynightforaweek.

Alltheyearstheyhavebeencontributingarticlestoourmagazine.

Wehavebeenseeingquitealoteachotherrecently.

24/49时态详解现在完成进行时现在完成进行时由"has/havebeen+现在分词"组成主要用法c用于得出结论

e.g.Hereyesarered.Itisobviousshehasbeencrying.

Youlookthinandtired.Youhavebeenworkingtoohard.单击转到目录页25/49时态详解过去完成时过去完成时由"had+过去分词"组成主要用法a表示过去某时刻以前发生或完成动作或状态，即"过去过去"这一概念

e.g.Byduskteargashadspreadthroughthesouthcampus.

WhenIgottothecinema,thefilmhadalreadybegun.

BytheendoflastOctober,theyhadfulfilledtheirproductionplanforthewholeyear.26/49时态详解过去完成时过去完成时由"had+过去分词"组成主要用法b表示某一时刻开始一直延续到过去另一时刻动作和状态

e.g.ShehadstudiedEnglishforfiveyearsbeforeshecametothecollege.

Hehadlivedwithhisgrandmotherbeforeshedied.

Ireceivedaletterfromafriendyesterday.Wehadnotheardfromeachothersince1990.27/49时态详解过去完成时过去完成时由"had+过去分词"组成主要用法c在宾语从句中，当主句为普通过去时而从句中动作发生在先时，从句惯用过去完成时，惯用于间接引语情况

e.g.Janesaidthatshehadvisitedthatsciencemuseum.

HetoldusthatJohnhadbrokenhisarmwhileridingamotorcycle.

HesaidthatwhenI'dworkedforayearI'dgetarise.28/49时态详解过去完成时过去完成时由"had+过去分词"组成主要用法d用于过去时间虚拟条件句中，表示与过去事实相反情况

e.g.Wewouldhaveenjoyedourspringoutingifithadnotrained.

IfIhadknownthatyouwerecoming,Iwouldhavemetyouattheairport.

Ifhehadtriedtoleavethecountryhewouldhavebeenstoppedatthefrontier.29/49时态详解过去完成时主要用法e在动词wish和ifonly后从句中，用于对未曾实现愿望表示遗憾

e.g.Iwishedhehadknowntheaddress.

Hewishedhehadlivednearerhiswork.

--Ifonlyshehadaskedsomeone'sadvice.

相当于Iwassorryhedidn'tknowtheaddress.相当于Hewassorrythathedidn'tlivenearerhiswork.

相当于Iwassorrythatshedidn'tasksomeone'sadvice.30/49时态详解过去完成时主要用法fexpect,hope,wish,intend,mean,plan,suppose,think,want

等动词用过去完成时表示过去希望或计划等没有实现

e.g.Hehadhopedtocomeandhelp,buthewassick.

Theyhadintendedtovisityou,buttheircarbrokedown.

Thebosshadwantedtodonatesomemoneytotheschool,buthewentbankruptoveranight.31/49时态详解过去完成时主要用法g与before连用表示"还没……就"

e.g.SheweptbeforeIhadrealizedwhatwashappening.

TheysetoutbeforeIhadtoldthemtheaddress.

Heclosedthedoorbeforethetelephonehadrung.32/49时态详解过去完成时主要用法h用于"itwasthefirsttime"、"nosooner……than"或"hardly……when"结构中

e.g.Itwasthefirsttimetheyhadtriedforeignfood.

Ihad

nosoonerreturned

thanhecalled.

Wehad

hardly

begun

whenweweretoldtostop.单击转到目录页33/49时态详解现在进行时现在进行时由"am/is/are+动词现在分词"组成主要用法a表示在某时刻正在进行动作

e.g.Alargeaudienceislisteningtothelecturercarefully.

What'sthebabydoing?

He'stearingupa￡5note.

Myneighborisrefurnishing（重新装修）hisroomsnow.34/49时态详解现在进行时现在进行时由"am/is/are+动词现在分词"组成主要用法b表示现阶段正在进行动作，但说话时不一定正在进行

e.g.Heistakingapart-timejobinthelibrary.

Someteachersinourdepartmentarelearninghowtoprogramthesedays.

IamreadingaplaybyBernardShawthismonth.35/49时态详解现在进行时现在进行时由"am/is/are+动词现在分词"组成主要用法c表示计划中即将发生未来动作

e.g.Myuncleisvisitingussoon..

Areyoudoinganythingtomorrowafternoon?

Yes,I'mplayingtenniswithAnn.

I'mmeetingPetertonight.Heistakingmetothetheatre.36/49时态详解现在进行时主要用法d与副词always,forever,continually,constantly等连用，表示经常或重复发生动作，往往带有赞赏或厌恶等感情色彩

e.g.Whyareyoualwaysleavingthingsbehind?

Heis

always

forgettingpeople'snames.

Sheis

always

complaining.

Heis

constantly

producingdevicesformakingthetasksofordinarylifeeasiertoperform.

Thelittleboyis

forever

askingquestions.单击转到目录页37/49时态详解过去进行时过去进行时由"was/were+动词现在分词"组成主要用法a表示过去某时刻或某段时期正在进行动作

e.g.BetweeneightandtenIwasstudyinginthelibrary.

WhenIarrived,Tomwastalkingonthephone.

Themotherwaspreparingdinnerwhenthesoncamehome.38/49时态详解过去进行时过去进行时由"was/were+动词现在分词"组成主要用法b不与时间状语连用，表示逐步发展

e.g.Itwasgettingdarker.

Thewindwasrising.

Awoodfirewasburning.39/49时态详解过去进行时过去进行时由"was/were+动词现在分词"组成主要用法c表示过去对未来安排

e.g.Hewasbusypacking,forhewasleavingthatnight.

Theywereplayingtennisfrom3:00to4:00thatafternoon,sotheybooked.

Whatwereyoudoingateighto'clock?40/49时态详解过去进行时过去进行时由"was/were+动词现在分词"组成主要用法d与一些副词连用表示某事在过去经常发生，而且带有惊奇或不满等感情色彩

e.g.Myfatherwasforeverlosingkeys.

Hewasalwaysringingmeup.

Mygrandmotherwasforeverforgettingpeople'snames.41/49时态详解过去进行时过去进行时由"was/were+动词现在分词"组成主要用法e用在间接引语中，表示相当于现在进行动作

e.g.HesaidhewaslivinginLondon.

ItoldthemIwaswashingthecar.

Theysaidthattheywereplayingcards.单击转到目录页42/49时态详解未来进行时未来进行时由"be未来时形式+动词现在分词"组成主要用法表示未来某时刻或某段时期正在进行动作

e.gTheywillbewaitingforyouattheschoolgatefromtentoeleventomorrowmorning.

Won'thebeworking?

Whenshallwebemeetingagain?

ShallIbedisturbingyouifIdomytypinghere?

B