广东省惠州仲恺中学等五校2024-2025学年高一下学期4月联考英语试卷（含解析）

广东省惠州仲恺中学等五校2024-2025学年高一下学期4月联考英语试题一、阅读理解（本大题共5小题）Indiaisanancientcivilizationwithrichculturalheritage,anditsculturalheritagehassomethingtodowithallmajorreligions(宗教)oftheworld.HerewetakealookatsomeofthetopheritagedestinationsinIndia.SunTemple,KonarkAsthenamesuggests,thistempleisallaboutthepowerofthesunGod.Ahugechariot(二轮战车)drawnbysevenhorsesandtwelvepairsofwheelsshowtheimportancewhichancientpeopleplacedonthepowerofthesun.Thepicturesofanimalsandhumansgivethisplaceaspeciallook.ChurchesGoaGoaistheonlyIndianstatewhichwascontrolledbythePortuguese(葡萄牙人),sothesceneinGoaisdottedwith(点缀着)Portuguesestylechurches.SomeofthefamouschurchesincludethechurchofSaintCatherine,churchofSaintAugustineandchurchofsaintFrancisofAssisi.Thesechurchesshowbeautifulpaintingsandflowerdesignswhichmakethemamustvisit.AjantaandElloraCavesThesecavescontainwelldesignedpaintingswhicharewidelyregardedasthemostoutstandingworksofreligiousart.TajMahal,AgraBuiltonthebankoftheYamunaRiver,itisanexcellentbuilding.Thewritingandpaintingsontheoutsidestructureprovidethefinestexamplesoftheoutstandingstyleofbuildings.SanchiSanchiisaUNESCOworldheritagesitewithnumerousBuddhisttemplesdatingbacktotheseventhandeighthcenturies.OnyourvisittoIndia,besuretovisitsomeoftheseheritagedestinations.AnIndianjourneyisnotwonderfulwithoutexperiencingthebeautyoftheseheritagedestinations.1．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Indianculturalheritagehassomethingtodowithreligions.B．ThePortuguesecontrolledthewholeIndiatwocenturiesago.C．ElloraCavesonlyhavestatuesofanimals.D．ThechurchofSaintCatherineistheearliestoneintheworld.2．WhatwasthoughtimportantbytheancientIndians?A．Animalsandfood. B．Ancientcivilization.C．Ancienttemples. D．Thesun’spower.3．IfyouwanttoknowsomethingaboutBuddhistmonumentyoucanvisit_______A．SunTemple,Konark. B．ChuchesGoa.C．AjantaandElloraCaves. D．Sanchi.Irememberthatitwasafallmorningwhentheorchestra(管弦乐队)teacherscameintoMissNewell’sthird-gradeclassroom.“Youhavehandsfortheviola(中提琴),”MissCianotoldme.Iwasexcitedbecausemyhandswerefinallygoodforsomething.ItoldmyparentsIwantedtoplay,andnaturally,theyagreed.SinceIfirsttouchedtheviola,Ihaven’tbeenabletoputitdown.Ignoringthedifficulty,Iampulledclosertoiteachday.Classicalmusicistrulymybestfriend.Itisthetrustedfriendofeveryman,womanandchild.Variousfeelingsareexpressedinclassicalmusic.IdiscoveredthatwhenIwaselevenandplayedacelloconcerto(大提琴协奏曲)ofBachinacompetition,thefirstmovementwasjoyful,butthesecondmovementwasmysteriousandfullofpain.Fromthepiece,Ilearnedthatmusicexpressesnotonlyfeelings,butalsosuddenmoodchanges.Bylisteningtoclassicalmusic,Iknowthatsomeoneelsesharesthesefeelings.SinceIamluckyenoughtobeabletoplayclassicalmusic,IamcomfortedbyitwhenIamupset.Itgivesmeawaytoescapefrommyproblemsforashortperiod.Classicalmusiccanexpressmyjoy,sadnessandanger.NowlookbackatthatfalldayinthethirdgradeandthinkhowgullibleIwasforbelievingthatanyone,evenmusicteachers,couldtellwhetherhandswereperfectforacertaininstrument.I’mcertaintheytoldmeIhad“violahands”notbecausetheywerefortune-tellers,butbecausetherewasalackofviolistsinourdistrict.Classicalmusicisoneofthebestthingsthateverhappenedtomankind.Ifyougetintroducedtoitintherightway,itwillbecomeyourfriendforlife.4．What’sthemaincauseoftheauthor’sinterestinplayingtheviola?A．Interestingmusicalclasses. B．Beautifulviolasound.C．Teachers’properguidance. D．Parents’strongsupport.5．Accordingtothepassage,inwhatwaydoesclassicalmusichelptheauthor?A．Bydevelopingsocialskills. B．Bygivingemotionalcomfort.C．Bybroadeninglifeexperience. D．Bybuildingcloserelationship.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“gullible”meaninthelastparagraph?A．Easilytricked. B．Firmlyloved. C．Greatlychallenged. D．Secretlyhidden.7．Whichcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．SpecialEvent,SweetMemory. B．ClassicalMusic,EndlessFriendship.C．LifetimeDream,Greateffort. D．HappyChildhood,UnforgottenExperience.WhenyouthinkofatypicalAmerican,whodoyoupicture?AprettyblondwhiteAmericanlikeTaylorSwiftorahandsomeblackAmericanlikebasketballstarMichaelJordan?Infact,therewasatimewhentheaverageAmericanlookedlikeneitherofthesepeople.Backintheyear1500,theaverageAmericanwasabrown-skinnedhunter-gathererwhoprobablyrodeahorseandworeclothingmadefromanimalskins.Today,theancestorsofthesepeoplearebroadlyreferredtoas“NativeAmericans”,“AmericanIndians”orsimply“Indians”.WhentheEuropeansettlementofNorthAmericabegan,therewasintenseconflictbetweensettlersfromoverseasandthesenativepeople.In1830,formerUSpresidentAndrewJacksonsignedtheIndianRemovalAct.ThisactrequiredallIndianstomigratetowestoftheMississippiRivertoallowfortheexpansionoftheUS.AmericanIndiansweretreatedasamilitary“enemy”until1924,whenthefewIndiansstillaliveatthatpointweregrantedUScitizenship.ThatwasthefirsttimethattheUSgovernmentformallyrecognizedtherightsofIndians.WhilethestoryoftheAmericanIndianshasbeenasadone,theirlegacyisstillfelteverydayintheUS.ManyUSgeographicalnamescomefromIndianlanguages,suchasOhio,Topeka,KansasandthePotomacRiver.Atthesametime,therearemanysuccessfulacademicsandotherimportantUSleaderswhoaredescended(是…的后裔)fromIndians.Andnowadays,moreandmorehistoryclassesinUSpublicschoolsareeducatingstudentsabouthowIndianssufferedduringthesettlementoftheUS.Althoughwhathappenedcannotbeundone,wecanlearnatleastonethingfromthesadhistoryoftheIndians:Ifwewantabetterfuture,wemustlookcarefullyandhonestlyatthepast.8．WhydoesthewritermentionTaylorSwiftandMichaelJordan?A．Tochallengereaders’ideasofatypicalAmerican.B．Tosupportthewriter’spointonAmericanidentity.C．ToprovidetypicalexamplesofnativeAmericans.D．TocomparetheirappearanceswithtypicalAmericans.9．HowweretheAmericanIndianstreatedinthemiddleofthe19thcentury?A．TheyweregrantedUScitizenship.B．Theywereregardedasamilitary“enemy”.C．TheywererequiredtolivealongtheMississippiRiver.D．TheywereaskedtoleavethecountrybytheUSgovernment.10．WhichofthefollowingaspectsshowstheAmericanIndianlegacytoday?A．Originsofnamesofsomeplaces.B．PopularityoftheIndianlanguage.C．SuccessoftheAcademicandotherimportantUSleaders.D．MoreandmorehistoryclassesinAmericanpublicschools.11．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardthehistoryofAmericanIndians?A．Itshouldbeignoredtomoveon. B．Itholdslittleinterestforhim.C．It’shurtfultoberemindedofit. D．It’svaluabletoreflectonit.AnewstudyfromHarvardT.H.ChanSchoolofPublicHealthsuggeststhateatingdarkchocolate,butnotmilkchocolate,maybelinkedtoareducedriskofdevelopingtype2diabetes(T2D)(2型糖尿病).“Ourfindingssuggestthatnotallchocolateiscreatedequal,”saidleadauthorBinkaiLiu,doctoralstudentintheDepartmentofNutrition.“Foranyonewholoveschocolate,thisisareminderthatmakingsmallchoices,likechoosingdarkchocolateovermilkchocolate,canmakeapositivedifferencetotheirhealth.”There’salotofresearchonhowchocolatemightbelinkedtoT2D,buttheresultsdon’talwaysagree.Also,notmanystudieslookatthedifferencesbetweentypesofchocolate,likedarkchocolateandmilkchocolate.Theresearchersseektofillthisgapusingdata(数据)fromtheNurses’HealthStudiesIandII,aswellastheHealthProfessionalsFollow-upStudy.Duringmorethan30years,192,000grown-upswhodidn’thavediabeteswhenthestudystartedtoldresearchersaboutwhattheyate,likehowmuchchocolatetheyhad,andalsoaboutwhethertheygotdiabetesandhowmuchtheyweighed.Bytheendofthestudyperiod,nearly19,000reportedbeingdiagnosed(诊断)withT2D．Ofthenearly112,000whoreportedspecificallyontheirdarkandmilkchocolateintake,nearly5,000werediagnosedwithT2D．Thestudyfoundthatthosewhoconsumed(吃；喝)atleastfiveouncesofanytypeofchocolateperweekhada10%lowerriskofdevelopingT2Dcomparedtothosewhoneverorrarelyatechocolate.Darkchocolatehadanevenbiggerimpact:thosewhoconsumedatleastfiveservingsofthischocolateperweekshoweda21%lowerriskofT2D．Theresearchersalsoobserved(观察)a3%reductioninriskforeveryservingofdarkchocolateeatenperweek.Eatingmilkchocolate,meanwhile,wasnotlinkedtoreducedT2Drisk.Increasedeatingmilkchocolate,butnotdarkchocolate,waslinkedtolong-termweightgain,apotentialcontributortothedevelopmentofT2D．Theresearcherspointedoutthattheamountofchocolatepeopleatewaslessthanwhattheyusuallyeatinthecountry,asseeninpastrecords.Theyalsosaidthattheresultsmightnotbethesameforpeoplewhoeatalotofchocolate.12．Howwasthenewstudyconducted?A．Byconductingexperimentsinalab.B．Byinterviewingchocolateproducers.C．Bystudyingdatafromlong-termhealthstudies.D．Bylettingpeopleeatdifferenttypesofchocolate.13．Whatistherelationshipbetweeneatıngmilkchocolateandweightgain?A．Milkchocolatestopsweightgain.B．Milkchocolateislinkedtoweightgain.C．Milkchocolateislinkedtoweightloss.D．Thereisnorelationshipbetweenthem.14．Whatmightbeaproblemwiththestudy’sresults?A．Thestudydidn’thavekidsinit.B．Thestudydidn’tlookatfamilyhistory.C．Onlyonekindofchocolatewasexamined.D．Thefindingsofthisstudydon’tapplytoeveryone.15．Whatdoesthetextmanlytalkabout?A．Thehealthbenefitsofalltypesofchocolate.B．Chocolateconsumptioncanpreventweightgain.C．MilkchocolateismorebeneficialforT2Davoidance.D．Eatingdarkchocolatecouldreducetheriskofdiabetes.Whenwasthelasttimeyouhadtomemorizeaphonenumber?Thechancesarethatithasbeenyears,giventhatyoucansimplyuseyourdigitaldevicestomemorizethatnumberforyou.Inaworldofdigitalinformation,anewphenomenon“digitalamnesia”,whichreferstothelossofourbrains’abilitytorememberinformationaswebecomedependentontechnologytogetdata,isstartingtospreadacrossthecountry.16.Establishascreen-freedayStartchoosingonedayoftheweektoputawayyourdigitaldevices.Ifyouneedsomethingtowakeyouup,avoidusingyourphone,asit’lllikelystimulateyoutocheckyourmessagesbeforeyou’reevensteppingoutofbed.17.18Insteadofdependingonyourphone,setouttodesignareliableworkoutplan,whichusesprintedinstructionstotrainyourmemory.Thereareseveraltechniquesyoucanuse,butwhicheveronesyouchoose,physicalpaperisthekey.Itallowsyoutoexerciseyourbraintofindtheanswerwithinthepagesthemselves,ratherthanturningtoyourphoneforhelp.SimplifyyourdigitallifeThereisnodenyingthatdigitaldeviceshavemadeourlivesextremelyconvenient.19.Althoughwecantrytoavoidusingdigitaldevices,itisundeniablethatwewillneedthemforcertaintasks.Simplifyingyourdigitallifecanhelpaddressdigitalamnesia.Removingwhatisnotnecessarycanhelpyoubelessdependentonyourdevices.20.Itcanbeaveryeffectivetool,butitsusefulness,oruselessness,entirelydependsonyourattitude.Youhavetolearnhowtouseitcorrectlysothatitdoesn’ttakeover.A．ExerciseyourmemoryB．SticktoapracticalplanC．Luckily,therearewaysyoucantaketodealwithitD．ItcanhelpyouimproveworkefficiencyandgetorganizedE．Bynotstaringatyourdevices,you’llgiveyourbrainabreakF．However,theycanbeharmfultoourmentalhealthandproductivityG．Despitetheso-calleddigitalamnesia,technologydoeshaveitsplaceinourlives二、完形填空（本大题共1小题）I’dalwayslovedtosingandhadalreadysignedupfortheschooltalentshowwhenIstartedstuttering(口吃).Itriedspeechtherapy(治疗)butitdidn’t21.BythesummerIwas12,mystutterhadbecomemyentire22,andIdarednottalkatall.Iwentfrombeinga(n)23,carefreegirltoashyandinsecureone.OneAugustafternoon,Iwalkedintothebasement,whereIkeptmymusical24.Isatdownandcried,25andfrustrated.Myeyeslitonmyguitar.Ipickeditupandstartedplaying.ThenIopenedmaymouth.Tomyamazement,wordscame26whenIsang.Iwroteasongcalled“IWillTrust”onthespot.IsangabouthowlostIfeltandhowthepain27medown.IexpressedeverythingIhadn’tbeenableto28.Icriedagain,thistimeforjoy.Eversince,I’vebeenwritingsongs29thehumancondition.Lastyear,IcameacrosstheAmerica’sGotTalentauditionannouncementpopuponmycomputer.Ifelt30togiveitatry.Acoupleofmonthslater,thereIwas—standingonthatbig31.Myheartraced,butthistimeitwas32byexcitementratherthanfear.WhenIfinished,thewholecrowdwasonitsfeet,andsowerethejudges.Their33thunderedinmyears,removingallthe34thathadtroubledmeforsolong.Inthatinstant,IrealizedIwasnolongerdefinedbymystutterbutbymymusicand35.21．A．help B．exist C．matter D．stop22．A．interest B．history C．identity D．strength23．A．generous B．outgoing C．ordinary D．sensitive24．A．theory B．style C．popularity D．instrument25．A．embarrassed B．hopeless C．grateful D．confused26．A．floodingout B．breakingdown C．goingthrough D．settingup27．A．calmed B．turned C．weighed D．handed28．A．confirm B．voice C．define D．admit29．A．exploring B．removing C．targeting D．inspiring30．A．forced B．called C．threatened D．questioned31．A．cave B．track C．case D．stage32．A．fueled B．benefited C．defended D．repaired33．A．discussion B．applause C．arguments D．comments34．A．self-discipline B．self-confidence C．self-ignorance D．self-doubt35．A．courage B．silence C．privacy D．intelligence三、语法填空（本大题共14小题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Anexhibition36(title)LightoftheSun:aDialogueBetweenAncientShuandIncaCivilizationsishappeningrightnowattheInkaMuseuminCusco,Peru.Theevent,37willrununtilNov.20,features(以……为特色)copiesof16specialitemsfromtheSanxingduiMuseumandtheJinshaSiteMuseuminSichuanandsevensetsofcultural38(collection)fromtheInkaMuseum.ZapataRodriguez,directoroftheInkaMuseum,saidthatthroughthisexhibition,hehopestodeepenthefriendshipbetweenChinaandPeru39(far)andnarrowtheculturalexchange40(distant)betweentheancientShuandIncacivilizations.Healsoseesthis41anopportunitytopromotelong-termexchangesanddialoguebetweenSichuanandCusco.WangFang,fromJinshaSiteMuseum,saidtheexhibitionselectedspecialitemsfromtheSanxingduiandJinshasitesoftheancientShucivilization,42(include)itemsmadeofgold,jade,woodandbronze.“TheseitemsareshowntogetherwithpreciousitemsfromtheIncacivilization.Thegoalistohelpvisitorstoappreciatetheuncommonwisdomandcreativityoftheancestors(祖先)ofbothplaces,”hesaid.Wangsaidtheexhibitionalsousesdigitalpresentationstocreateaspecialviewingexperiencethatallowsvisitors43(feel)asiftheyaretravelingthroughtimeandspace.ExpertsfromChinaandPeru44(deliver)speechesontopicssuchasthearchaeologicalexcavations(发掘)oftheSanxingduiandJinshasitesand45valuesoftheancientShuandIncacivilizationsdaysago.46．Governmentscouldrelievetheireconomic(press).(所给词的适当形式填空)47．Listeningtohisinspiringspeech,wewereinspiredtomakegreatefforts.Itgaveusnotonlyhopebutalso(inspire).(所给词的适当形式填空)48．Ifyoucontinuetodo(legal)things,youwillendupinprisonsoonerorlater.(所给词的适当形式填空)49．WiththeSpringFestival(approach),thestudentsarebeginningtotalkabouttheirplans.(所给词的适当形式填空)50．Manypeoplehaveexpressedtheirdissatisfactionwiththe(arrange).(所给词的适当形式填空)51．Ifweliveinanurbancenter,wecanenjoy(convenience)transportationandavibrantshoppingenvironment.(所给词的适当形式填空)52．Thenovel,(rate)asaclassicbyreaders,haswonnumerousliteraryawards.(所给词的适当形式填空)53．Theancienttemple,(build)inthe12thcentury,attractsthousandsoftouristseveryyear.(所给词的适当形式填空)54．Themuseumrepairedthisweek,sotheexhibitionisputofftonextweek.(用适当的词填空)55．Wesawtherarespecies,(observe)initsnaturalhabitatforthefirsttime.(所给词的适当形式填空)56．Sofar,largeamountsofmoneyspentonthatbigproject.(用适当的词填空)57．Thestudentswereexcitedtoseetheirnames(publish)ontheschoolwebsite.(所给词的适当形式填空)58．SomeequipmentaswellasanumberofmapsandbooksofferedtotheareafromallovertheglobesincetheearthquakeoccurredinTurkey.(用适当的词填空)四、选词填空（本大题共1小题）阅读下面句子，根据中文提示从方框内选择合适的单词，在空白处填入其适当形式。watchover

concernedabout

beawareof

duetomakeprogress

makefunof

belongto

keeptrackof59．Mostpeople(意识到；知道)thedangerofsmokingtotheirownhealth.60．Thebooksondisplayinthemuseum(属于)aprivatecollector.61．(为……担忧的)herchild’ssafety,themothercouldn’tfallasleep.62．Asadoctor,Jameshasto(了解……的动态)thelatestdevelopmentinmedicine.63．Inmyopinion,you’dbetter(照管；保护)yourchild,whooftenwandersinthestreets.64．Bornwithoutarmsandlegs,Nickwas(取笑)whenhewasyoung,buthenevergivesup.65．Inmyexperience,ifyoupracticeoralEnglishwithyourpartner,youcan(取得进步)faster.五、书信写作（本大题共1小题）66．目前世界上许多野生动物濒临灭绝，假如你是李华，请你给校英文报写一封倡议信，呼吁大家保护动物，爱护环境。内容包括：1.写信目的；2.分析原因；3.提出措施。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dearschoolmates,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

参考答案【答案】1．A2．D3．D【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了印度一些顶级的文化遗产目的地。【解析】1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Indiaisanancientcivilizationwithrichculturalheritage,anditsculturalheritagehassomethingtodowithallmajorreligions(宗教)oftheworld.(印度是一个文化遗产丰富的古老文明国家，其文化遗产与世界上所有主要宗教都有联系。)”可知，印度文化遗产与宗教有关。故选A。2．细节理解题。根据SunTemple,Konark部分下的“Ahugechariot(二轮战车)drawnbysevenhorsesandtwelvepairsofwheelsshowtheimportancewhichancientpeopleplacedonthepowerofthesun.(一辆由七匹马和十二对轮子组成的巨大战车表明了古人对太阳力量的重视。)”可知，古印度的人们很重视太阳的力量。故选D。3．细节理解题。根据Sanchi部分下的“SanchiisaUNESCOworldheritagesitewithnumerousBuddhisttemplesdatingbacktotheseventhandeighthcenturies.(Sanchi是一个世界遗产，有许多佛教寺庙，可以追溯到公元7世纪和8世纪。)”可知，如果你想知道一些关于佛教纪念碑的事情，你可以参观Sanchi，故选D。【答案】4．C5．B6．A7．B【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一个偶然的机会开始拉中提琴，感受到古典音乐对我们的情感带来的好处，并把它看作一生最诚挚的朋友的故事。【解析】4．细节理解题。根据第一段““Youhavehandsfortheviola(中提琴),”MissCianotoldme.Iwasexcitedbecausemyhandswerefinallygoodforsomething.(“你的手很适合拉中提琴，”齐亚诺小姐对我说。我很兴奋，因为我的手终于有用武之地了)”可知，作者对演奏中提琴感兴趣的主要原因是教师的正确引导。故选C项。5．细节理解题。根据第三段“Bylisteningtoclassicalmusic,Iknowthatsomeoneelsesharesthesefeelings.SinceIamluckyenoughtobeabletoplayclassicalmusic,IamcomfortedbyitwhenIamupset.(通过听古典音乐，我知道其他人也有同样的感受。因为我很幸运能够演奏古典音乐，所以当我心烦意乱的时候，我就会得到安慰)”可知，古典音乐可以给予作者情感上的安慰。故选B项。6．词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“forbelievingthatanyone,evenmusicteachers,couldtellwhetherhandswereperfectforacertaininstrument.I’mcertaintheytoldmeIhad“violahands”notbecausetheywerefortune-tellers,butbecausetherewasalackofviolistsinourdistrict(因为相信任何人，甚至是音乐老师，都能分辨出某人的手是否适合弹奏某种乐器。我确定他们告诉我，我有‘一双拉中提琴的手’不是因为他们是算命先生，而是因为在那个地区缺少中提琴演奏者)”可知，“NowlookbackatthatfalldayinthethirdgradeandthinkhowgullibleIwas(现在回想一下三年级的那个秋天，想想我是gullible)”指的是，回想起三年级的那个秋天，作者意识到当时相信了老师说自己“有一双拉中提琴的手”，而这其实并不是真话，由此可以推测作者觉得自己轻信了老师的话，即gullible意思为“轻信的，易受骗的”，与Easilytricked意思一致。故选A项。7．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第三段“Classicalmusicistrulymybestfriend.(古典音乐是我最好的朋友)”和文章最后一句“Ifyougetintroducedtoitintherightway,itwillbecomeyourfriendforlife.(如果你以正确的方式了解它，它将成为你终生的朋友)”可知，本文主要讲述了作者一个偶然的机会开始拉中提琴，从此古典音乐成了作者最好的朋友。因此B选项“古典音乐，永恒的友谊”适合可以用作文章标题。故选B项。【答案】8．A9．B10．A11．D【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了历史上美国印第安人的悲惨生活，作者认为反思美洲印第安人的历史是很有价值的。【解析】8．推理判断题。根据第一段“WhenyouthinkofatypicalAmerican,whodoyoupicture?AprettyblondwhiteAmericanlikeTaylorSwiftorahandsomeblackAmericanlikebasketballstarMichaelJordan?Infact,therewasatimewhentheaverageAmericanlookedlikeneitherofthesepeople.(当你想到一个典型的美国人时，你会想到谁？像泰勒·斯威夫特这样漂亮的金发美国白人，还是像篮球明星迈克尔·乔丹这样英俊的美国黑人？事实上，曾经有一段时间，普通美国人看起来不像这些人。)”可推知，作者提到泰勒·斯威夫特和迈克尔·乔丹是为了挑战读者对典型美国人的看法，形成一种反差，吸引读者。故选A。9．细节理解题。根据第三段中“AmericanIndiansweretreatedasamilitary“enemy”until1924,whenthefewIndiansstillaliveatthatpointweregrantedUScitizenship.(美国印第安人都被视为军事“敌人”，直到1924年，当时少数仍然活着的印第安人被授予美国公民身份)”可知，19世纪中叶，美洲印第安人被视为军事“敌人”。故选B。10．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“WhilethestoryoftheAmericanIndianshasbeenasadone,theirlegacyisstillfelteverydayintheUS.ManyUSgeographicalnamescomefromIndianlanguages,suchasOhio,Topeka,KansasandthePotomacRiver.(尽管美洲印第安人的故事令人悲伤，但美国每天仍能感受到他们的遗产。美国的许多地名都来自印第安语言，如俄亥俄州、托皮卡州、堪萨斯州和波托马克河。)”可知，一些地名的由来体现了当今美洲印第安人的遗产。故选A。11．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Althoughwhathappenedcannotbeundone,wecanlearnatleastonethingfromthesadhistoryoftheIndians:Ifwewantabetterfuture,wemustlookcarefullyandhonestlyatthepast.(尽管已经发生的事情无法挽回，但我们至少可以从印第安人的悲惨历史中学到一件事：如果我们想要更好的未来，我们必须认真、诚实地审视过去)”可推知，作者认为反思美洲印第安人的历史是很有价值的。故选D。【答案】12．C13．B14．D15．D【分析】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了一项来自哈佛大学公共卫生学院的研究，探讨了食用黑巧克力与降低2型糖尿病风险之间的关系，并指出黑巧克力和牛奶巧克力在健康影响上的差异。【解析】12．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Theresearchersseektofillthisgapusingdata(数据)fromtheNurses’HealthStudiesIandII,aswellastheHealthProfessionalsFollow-upStudy.(研究人员试图利用“护士健康研究I和II”以及“健康专业人士后续研究”的数据来填补这一空白)”可知，这项新研究是通过研究长期健康研究的数据来进行的。故选C。13．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Increasedeatingmilkchocolate,butnotdarkchocolate,waslinkedtolong-termweightgain,apotentialcontributortothedevelopmentofT2D.(增加食用牛奶巧克力，而不是黑巧克力，与长期体重增加有关，而体重增加是2型糖尿病发生的一个潜在因素)”可知，食用牛奶巧克力与体重增加有关。故选B。14．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Theyalsosaidthattheresultsmightnotbethesameforpeoplewhoeatalotofchocolate.(他们还指出，对于那些大量食用巧克力的人来说，研究结果可能并不相同)”可知，研究结果可能有一定的局限性，并不适用于所有人。故选D。15．主旨大意题。根据第一段“AnewstudyfromHarvardT.H.ChanSchoolofPublicHealthsuggeststhateatingdarkchocolate,butnotmilkchocolate,maybelinkedtoareducedriskofdevelopingtype2diabetes(T2D)(哈佛大学T.H.Chan公共卫生学院的一项新研究表明，食用黑巧克力，而非牛奶巧克力，可能与降低患2型糖尿病的风险有关)”及全文可知，文章主要讨论了黑巧克力与降低2型糖尿病风险之间的关系，并指出黑巧克力对健康的积极影响，而牛奶巧克力则没有这种效果。因此，文章的核心内容是关于食用黑巧克力可以降低糖尿病的风险。故选D。【答案】16．C17．E18．A19．F20．G【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了数字时代出现的新现象——“数字健忘症”，即随着人们越来越依赖技术获取信息，大脑记忆信息的能力逐渐丧失，并提出了一些应对方法。【解析】16．根据上文“Whenwasthelasttimeyouhadtomemorizeaphonenumber?Thechancesarethatithasbeenyears,giventhatyoucansimplyuseyourdigitaldevicestomemorizethatnumberforyou.Inaworldofdigitalinformation,anewphenomenon“digitalamnesia”,whichreferstothelossofourbrains’abilitytorememberinformationaswebecomedependentontechnologytogetdata,isstartingtospreadacrossthecountry.(你上一次记电话号码是什么时候？考虑到你可以简单地用你的数字设备来记住你的数字，很可能已经好几年了。在一个数字信息的世界里，一种新现象'数字健忘症”开始在全国蔓延。“数字健忘症”指的是我们的大脑由于依赖技术来获取数据而丧失了记忆信息的能力)”可知，上文提出‘数字健忘症’的问题，后文给出具体的方法，本句承上启下，既提到数字健忘症的问题，又引出下文将要讨论的解决方法。故C选项“幸运的是，你可以采取一些方法来处理它”符合语境，故选C。17．根据上文“Startchoosingonedayoftheweektoputawayyourdigitaldevices.Ifyouneedsomethingtowakeyouup,avoidusingyourphone,asit’lllikelystimulateyoutocheckyourmessagesbeforeyou’reevensteppingoutofbed.(开始选择一周中的一天来放下你的电子设备。如果你需要一些东西来唤醒你，那就不要用手机，因为它可能会刺激你在起床之前查看信息)”可知，空前提到了在这个日子里要避免使用手机等数字设备，以免在起床前就受到信息的干扰。E选项“不要盯着电子设备看，你的大脑会得到休息”承接上文，继续说明设立无屏幕日的好处，符合语境，故选E。18．此空为小标题；根据本段内容“Insteadofdependingonyourphone,setouttodesignareliableworkoutplan,whichusesprintedinstructionstotrainyourmemory.Thereareseveraltechniquesyoucanuse,butwhicheveronesyouchoose,physicalpaperisthekey.Itallowsyoutoexerciseyourbraintofindtheanswerwithinthepagesthemselves,ratherthanturningtoyourphoneforhelp.(与其依赖你的手机，不如着手设计一个可靠的锻炼计划，使用打印的说明来训练你的记忆力。你可以使用几种技巧，但无论你选择哪一种，实体纸都是关键。它可以锻炼你的大脑在书页中找到答案，而不是求助于你的手机)”可知，本段主要讲的是不要依赖手机，而是要通过制定可靠的锻炼计划来训练记忆力，使用纸质指令来锻炼大脑在页面中寻找答案的能力。故A选项“锻炼记忆力”能够概括本段主旨，故选A。19．根据上文“Thereisnodenyingthatdigitaldeviceshavemadeourlivesextremelyconvenient.(不可否认，数字设备使我们的生活非常方便)”以及后文“Althoughwecantrytoavoidusingdigitaldevices,itisundeniablethatwewillneedthemforcertaintasks.(虽然我们可以尽量避免使用数字设备，但不可否认的是，我们将需要它们来完成某些任务)”可知，第四段先承认数字设备的便利，后需转折指出其负面影响。选项F通过“however”引出矛盾，衔接后文“简化数字生活”的必要性。故F选项“然而，它们可能对我们的心理健康和工作效率有害”符合语境，故选F。20．根据后文“Itcanbeaveryeffectivetool,butitsusefulness,oruselessness,entirelydependsonyourattitude.Youhavetolearnhowtouseitcorrectlysothatitdoesn’ttakeover.(它可以是一个非常有效的工具，但它的有用或无用，完全取决于你的态度。你必须学会如何正确地使用它，这样它才不会占上风)”可知，本句承上启下，既提到技术的存在性，又引出下文关于正确使用技术的讨论。故G选项“尽管有所谓的‘数字健忘症’，但科技确实在我们的生活中占有一席之地”符合语境，故选G。【答案】21．A22．C23．B24．D25．B26．A27．C28．B29．A30．B31．D32．A33．B34．D35．A【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者喜欢唱歌，但却深受口吃之苦。一次作者偶然拿起吉他，边弹边唱，作者欣喜地发现自己竟然能够流利地歌唱，后来作者参加了《美国达人秀》，成功地摘掉了口吃的标签。【解析】21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我尝试了语言治疗，但没什么帮助。A.help帮助；B.exist存在；C.matter重要；D.stop停止。but前后表示转折，根据“Itriedspeechtherapy(治疗)”可知，语言治疗没有帮助。故选A。22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：到了我12岁的夏天，我的口吃已经成为了我的全部身份，我根本不敢说话。A.interest兴趣；B.history历史；C.identity身份；D.strength力量。根据句中的“andIdarednottalkatall”和下文中的“Iwasnolongerdefinedbymystutter”可知，作者的口吃变得非常严重，甚至不敢开口说话，被口吃定义，因此口吃成了作者的全部身份。故选C。23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我从一个外向、无忧无虑的女孩变成了一个害羞、不安全的女孩。A.generous慷慨的；B.outgoing外向的；C.ordinary普通的；D.sensitive敏感的。根据句中的“toashyandinsecureone”可知，作者从一个外向的人变成了一个害羞内向的人。故选B。24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个八月的下午，我走进地下室，我把乐器放在那里。A.theory理论；B.style风格；C.popularity流行；D.instrument乐器。根据下文“Myeyeslitonmyguitar.”可知，地下室里有作者的吉他，因此是放着乐器。故选D。25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我坐下来哭泣，绝望而沮丧。A.embarrasse