广东省佛山市南海区2024-2025学年高二下学期期中质量检测英语试卷（含答案）

2024-2025第二学年度佛山市南海区期中质量检测高二英语注意事项：1.全卷闭卷作答，有47道题，共11页，满分120分。考试时间120分钟。2．答题前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的学校、班级、姓名、考生号、座位号，再用2Ｂ铅笔将对应号码的标号涂黑。3．单项选择题每小题选出答案后，用2Ｂ铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。写在试题卷上的答案不予评分。4．选择题必须在答题卡的指定位置作答。5．考生务必保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束时，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATheworld’sgreatriversevokeasenseofromanceandtimelessness,linkinggrandcities,idyllicvillages,andendlesscountryside.OnaNationalGeographicRiverCruiseoperatedbyAmaWaterways,aleaderinluxuryrivercruising,aworld-classshipisyourbasetoexplorehistoricwaterways.Stepaboardandunpackjustoncewithouttheneedformultiplehotels.Choosefromawiderangeofguidedexcursionseveryday,fromhikesandbikeridestoin-depthexperiencesthatfocusonthenaturalworld,culture,andhistory.You’lltravelwithaNationalGeographicExpert,whowillgivetalksonboardandaccompanydailyoutings;aNationalGeographicPhotographyExpertjoinsallEuropeansailingstosharetipsontechniqueandartistry.Alongtheway,enjoytheutmostinpersonalizedserviceandamenities:delectableregionallyinspiredmealsservedinavarietyofdiningvenues,complimentaryhand-selectedwineswitheverylunchanddinner,wellnessfacilities,Wi-Fi,spacioussuitesandlounges,andsomuchmore.WhatcanyouexpectwhenyoutravelonaNationalGeographicRiverCruise?1.ANationalGeographicExpert,suchasanarchaeologistorconservationist,andaNationalGeographicPhotographyExpert,whoenrichesyourexperiencewiththeirknowledgeandinsights,willjoineveryNationalGeographicRiverCruisedeparture2.Specialaccesstomuseums,sites,events,andexpertsinthefield—includingourowngrantees,whoseprogramswevisitwheneverwecan3.AseasonedCruiseDirectorwhocuratesapersonalized,seamlessjourney,aswellasknowledgeablelocalguideswhojoinusalongtheway4.Delectablemealsservedinavarietyofvenues5.Taxes,gratuities,andairporttransfersareallincluded1.WhatisNOTincludedinthepackageofaNationalGeographicRiverCruise?A.Thecostoftaxesandgratuities.B.Airporttransferstoandfromthecruiseship.C.Thefeeforprivateguidedexcursions.D.TheexpertiseandinsightsofNationalGeographicprofessionals.2.OnaNationalGeographicRiverCruise,passengerscanexpectwhichofthefollowing?A.Frequentunpackingandpackingduetochangesinaccommodation.B.Travelsolelywithaphotographyexpertfordailyexcursions.C.Personalizedservicesandamenities,includingregionallyinspiredmealsD.LimitedWi-Fiaccessandsmalllounges.3.Whichistheprimefactorcauseslargepricedifferences?A.Cabinsizeandamenities.B.Quantityofculturalsites.C.Travelagencypromotions.D.InteractwithGeoexperts.BShedidn’trealizeitatthetime–butwhenKahumbuwasyoung,shewastakenunderthewingofaworld-renownedscientificicon.RichardLeakey,thepaleoanthropologist（古人类学家）fromthefamilyoftrailblazing（开创性的）conservationists,wasKahumbu’sneighborandmentor.HiscommitmenttoshepherdingayoungKahumbutowardherdreamswas,assheputsit,“extremelyspecial.”ItwasinKenya’scoastalforests,thatherloveforelephants,theirimmensityandgrace,began.Shewassoonfightingtoothandnailforelephants’protectionagainstenvironmentalandhumanthreats.In2004,somewherealongtheKenyancoastline,KahumburescuedanorphanedhippopotamusintheaftermathoftheIndianOceantsunami.Shecaredforitatoneofafewanimalsanctuariesshewasmanaging,andthebabyhippobecamefriendswithitsneighbor–a130-year-oldtortoise.Kahumbusharedaphotographoftheoddpairrestingtogetherwiththeworld;theoverwhelmingresponsesetheronanewpath.

In2018,shekickedoffWildlifeWarriorsKids,aninitiativeacrossKenyathathelpsteachersintegratewildlifefilmshowingsandworkplansintotheircurriculumtohelpconnectyoungKenyanswithscienceandtheirheritage.So,whenKahumbuwaslaterspontaneouslyoffered30acresofland.ThroughhermainlyKenya-basedcareer,theironyisnotlostonherthatnativeKenyansdonothaveawordfor“conservation.”It’satestamenttothenaturalwaycaringfortheenvironmentanditslivingthingsarepartofeverydaylife,Kahumbusays.Pastoraltribes（田园部落）takecuesfromanimalbehaviorthatcouldsignalthreats,environmentalchanges,oravailabilityofresources.Themodernpracticeofprotectingnaturebyisolatingitfromhumans,sheexplains,ishardtounderstand.Eventheterm“protectedarea,”isperplexingtothesecommunities.“Protectedfromwhat?Fromuspeople?”issomethingKahumbuhasbeenaskedrepeatedly.“Theydon’tconsiderthemselvestobeathreattonature,”shesays.Instead,conservingnatureissimplyapartofconservinglivelihoods.

“Therightwaytolearnaboutnatureisnottobeclosedoffbyabigwall.Youneedtofeelthecoldairatnight,youneedtoseethestars,youneedtosmellthegrass,andtheflowers,howtheychangetheirscentsduringdifferenttimesoftheday,”sheillustrates.4.WhateventmarkedaturningpointinKahumbu’scareer?A.ManagingasanctuaryfororphanedhipposB.ReceivingdonationsoflandforconservationC.SharingaphotodepictinganunlikelyfriendshipD.Establishingacoastalforestprotectionprogram5.Whichisthetrueaccordingtothispassage?A.Kahumbu'searlycareerwasEnlightenedbyawildlifeprotectionexpert.B.SheloveselephantsbecausetheexperienceinthesavannahsofKenya.C.ShesavedahippointheemergencytimewhenIndianOceantsunamihappened.D.WildlifeWarriorsKidsaimstohelpteachersintegrateanimalprotectionintotheirclassroom6.whydoesthefactthatKenyansdon'thaveawordfor"conservation"representanironyforKahumbu?A.Kenyanshavelessconcernfortheenvironmentalissues.B.ModernconservationtermsseemredundantinKenya.C.ConservingnatureissimplyapartofconservinglivelihoodsD.NaturalintegrationofenvironmentalcareintoKenyanculture.7.WhatkindofmethodoflearningaboutnaturemightKahumbuagreewith?A.LearnthehabitsofbirdsthroughmultimedialearningB.PerceivethespiritualityofanimalsbyreadingbooksC.LearnbytakingfieldtripswhilestudyingsoilsD.ConductingadailywalkaroundanearbyparkCForthefirsttimeinU.Shistory,scientistslaunchedanemergencyeffortthisweektorescuecriticallyendangeredsmalltoothsawfish,whicharesuccumbing（屈服）rapidlytothemysteriousfishailment（疾病）ravagingtheFloridaKeys.AsofearlyApril,30sawfish（锯鳐）havedied,allofthemolderteenagersoradults,rangingfrom7to14feetinlength.Therearelikelyonlyabout650breedingfemaleslivinginFlorida,oneofonlytworemainingwildpopulationsleftduetooverfishingandlossofhabitatthroughouttheAtlantic.“Thislevelofmortalityonanendangeredspeciesisunprecedented.Andtherefore,tosomedegree,thisisanunprecedentedresponse,”saysAdamBrame,sawfishrecoverycoordinatorforNOAA（国家海洋和大气局）Fisheries,oneofthegovernmentagenciesworkingwithanetworkofprivateaquariumsandnonprofitstocapturethefishandbringthemintocaptivity.Atypeofray,thesmalltoothsawfishhasaflattenedbodywithalargetooth-studdedsaw,orrostrum.Theyslashtheirsawsidetosidetostirupcrittersintheseafloorandstunfish,anduseittodefendthemselvesagainstpredatorssuchassharks.

“Itlookslikeahedgetrimmer（树篱修剪器）onthefront,astingrayinthemiddleandasharkonthebackend,”saysBrame.“Ifyouputthosethreethingstogetherandhavealittlecauldron,thenpoof,outpopsasawfish.”Thesmalltoothsawfish,whichcanlive30years,isalsonotableforbeingthefirstmarinefishtoreceivefederalprotectionundertheEndangeredSpeciesAct,in2003.Conservationeffortshadbeenslowlybuildingthesawfishpopulationbackup—untilnow.“TheentireU.S.populationdependsonFlorida,whichisalifeboatpopulation,”saysYannisPapastamatiou,amarinebiologistandsharkexpertatFloridaInternationalUniversitywhoisnotinvolvedintherescueinitiative.That’swhy,hesays,suchanurgentresponseissocrucial.“Tosuddenlystartlosingalloftheseanimals…couldbepotentiallycatastrophicandcouldpotentiallyturnbackdecadesofconservation.”

SinceNovember2023,atotalof57fishspeciesinFloridahavedisplayedthespinningbehavior,causedbyanunknownculpritthatisunderinvestigation.8.Whatfeaturecanallowsawfishtostunfish?A.Theirflattenedbodyshape.B.Theirtooth-studdedsaworrostrum.C.Theirabilitytoslashtheirsawsidetoside.D.Theirdefensemechanismsagainstpredators.9.WhatdoestheunderlinesentencesuggestA.Thesawfishhasaspecialsurvivaltechnique.B.Thesawfish'ssawisprimarilyusedforhunting.C.Thehighmortalityraterequiresanextraordinaryconservationeffort.D.Thegovernmentisworkingwithotherorganizationstosavethesawfish.10.Thephrase"unknownculprit"isusedtorefertoA.AnewfishspeciesB.ApersoncausingharmC.ThereasonforthespinningbehaviorD.Afishingmethod11.Choosethebesttitleforpassage:A.TheUniqueHabitatsoftheElusiveSmalltoothSawfishB.ThePlunge&deliveroftheVulnerableSmalltoothSawfishC.Florida:TheKeytoSavingtheSmalltoothSawfishD.TheSecretReasonsfortheSmalltoothSawfish'sDeclineDSincethefirstastronautsspenttimeinspace,scientistshaveknownthatspacetravelaffectsthehumanbodyinstrangeways.Muscleandbonemassdecreaseandtheriskofconditionsusuallyassociatedwitholdage,suchascancersandcataracts(白内障),ticksup.Whythehumanbodyshoulddeclinefasterinspaceisstilllargelyamystery,butonethatresearchersaredealingwithincreasingurgencyascivilianspacetravelbecomesmorefeasible.InarecentstudythatinvolvedsendingmusclesamplestotheInternationalSpaceStation,some250milesaboveEarth,researchersfromStanfordMedicinefoundthatthelackofgravityinspaceimpairsthenormalregenerativeabilityofmuscle.Thesamplesweregrownfrommusclecellsdonatedbyhealthyvolunteerstoresemblethebundledstructureofmusclefibres.Theyspentsevendaysgrowinginspace,thenfrozenuntiltheirreturntoEarth.Theresearchersfoundnotablesimilaritiesbetweenmusclethathadspentaweekinmicrogravity(gravityaboardtheInternationalSpaceStationisabout0.1%ofgravityonEarth)andmuscleinolderadultswithsarcopenia(肌肉减少症),amuscle-wastingconditionthatdevelopsoverdecades.Bothindicatedashifttowardmorefattyacidmetabolism(脂肪酸代谢)andagreatertendencytowardcelldeath.Theimpairedregenerationcouldcontributetowhyastronauts’musclesweakenevenwithregularexercise.“Microgravityisalmostlikeanaccelerateddisease-formingplatformandenvironment,”saidNganHuang,PhD,seniorauthorofthestudypublishedrecentlyinStemCellReports.“It’simportanttounderstandhowmicrogravityisaffectingdifferenttissuesinthebody,withmusclebeingoneofthemostessentialonesbecauseofhowmuchofitwehaveinourbodies.”Huang’steamalsotesteddrugsthatpartiallypreventedtheseimpairmentsinthemusclesamples,whichcouldbenefitspacetravellersandEarth-boundseniors—perhapsevenseniorspacetravellersalike.Ultimately,Huang,whoisalsoaprincipalinvestigatorattheVeteransAffairsPaloAltoHealthCareSystemhopestofindwaystoenhancemuscleregenerationtohealseveremuscleinjuries,likethosemanySoldiersinjuredduringwars.12.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordinparagraph2?A.Difficulttocomplete.B.Lawfultoconduct.C.Expensivetoattempt.D.Possibletoachieve.13.Whatcanwelearnaboutthemusclesamplesintherecentstudy?A.Theydevelopedsarcopeniaafteraweekinspace.B.Theywerecollecteddirectlyfromvolunteers’muscles.C.Theymayfailtofunctionproperlyafterreturningfromspace.DTheywerefrozenduetothefreezingtemperaturesinmicrogravity.14.Whyismicrogravitydescribedasan“accelerateddisease-formingplatform”?A.Itstopsmusclefromrecoveringafterinjury.B.Itreproduceslong-termconditionsinashortertime.C.Itaffectsastronautswithpre-existingconditionsonly.D.Itspeedsupcancerandcataractsdevelopmentinastronauts.15.WhatisHuanglikelytofocusoninfutureresearch?A.Provingspacetraveladvancesaginginastronauts.B.Investigatingmicrogravity’simpactonmusclestructure.C.Creatingwaystoboostmuscleregenerationincriticalinjuries.DDesigningexercisestopreventmusclelossduringspacetravel.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑，选项中有两项为多余选项。Inthemodernworld,theconceptof“slowliving”hasbeengainingtraction.It'sareactiontothefast-paced,hyper-connectedlifestylethatmanyofuslead.Slowlivingisnotaboutlazinessordoingnothing;it'saboutconsciouslychoosingtoliveamorebalanced,meaningfullife.16.______Oneofthekeyaspectsofslowlivingissavoringthepresentmoment.Inaworldfilledwithdistractions,it'seasytogetcaughtupinthefutureordwellonthepast.17.______Thiscouldmeantakingafewminuteseachdaytosimplyobserveyoursurroundings,noticingthecolorsofthesky,thesoundofthewind,orthetextureofapieceoffruitasyoueatit.Anotherimportantelementisreducingconsumption.Intoday'sconsumer-drivensociety,we'reconstantlybombardedwithmessagestobuymore,upgrademore,andconsumemore.18.______Instead,itencouragesustobuyqualityoverquantity,torepairandreuseitems,andtosupportlocalandsustainablebusinesses.19.______Inourrushtogetthingsdone,weoftensacrificesleep,exercise,andhealthyeating.Slowlivingremindsustoprioritizeourwell-being.Thismightmeangoingforawalkinnatureinsteadofspendinghoursinfrontofascreen,orcookingahome-mademealfromscratchinsteadoforderingtakeout.Finally,slowlivingisaboutbuildingdeeperconnections.20______Itencouragesustospendmoretimewithlovedones,toengageinface-to-faceconversations,andtobepartofourlocalcommunities.A.Slowlivingchallengesthismindset.B.It'saboutfindingjoyinthesimplethings.C.Weoftencommunicatemorewithpeopleonlinethaninperson.D.Slowlivingemphasizestheimportanceofself-care.E.Fastlivinghasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.F.Butslowlivingencouragesustobefullypresentinourdailylives.G.Manypeoplearenowturningtomeditationtoachieveinnerpeace.第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Oscarunveiledhisnewtreeseedlingtohishousehold._____21_____recountedataleofplantinganavocado（牛油果）treealongsidehisfatherinMichigan,butthetreenever_____22_____fruitduetothefrigid(寒冷的)winters.Magdalenareminiscedaboutthetoweringpoplartreethatoncestood_____23_____totheirformerabode,visiblefromeverycornerofthetown.Oscarmadethe_____24_____toplanthissugarmapleintheidenticalstripofgrass.Theentirefamilyconvergedto_____25_____withtheplanting.Oscarattentively_____26_____theinstructions,andAbuelitoexcavatedthehole.OscarfirmlyheldthetreeuprightwhileMagdalena,Abuelita,andPapafilledtheholewith_____27_____.Mamairrigated（灌溉）thetree,andtheyallretreatedtoadmiretheir_____28_____addition.Oscareagerlyanticipatedthetree's_____29_____anditstransformationintoabrilliantred-orangehueinautumn.Itwouldbeacaptivating_____30_____totheirhomeandasourceofjoyfortheentirefamily.Oscarsmiled,envisioningfutureyearsfilledwiththeheartylaughterofhisfamily_____31_____theshadeofhistree.Hewascognizantthat,_____32_____Papa'savocadotreeandthetoweringpoplar(杨树)attheirformerresidence,thistreewouldharborcherishedmemoriesandemergeasasymboloftheirfamily'saffectionandunity.Occasionally,Oscarwouldgazeatthetree,lostinthought,wonderingaboutthestoriesitwouldholdinits_____33_____androotsintheyearstocome.Itspresencewouldnotonlybeautifytheirsurroundingsbutalsoserveasa_____34_____ofthebondsthatunitethemasafamily,muchliketheothertreesintheirlivesthatheldsuchdeep_____35_____value.21.A.Papa B.Abuelita C.Magdalena D.Oscar22.A.bear B.taste C.grow D.contain23.A.Close B.opposite C.parallel D.adjacent24.A.decision B.promise C.attempt D.wish25.A.assist B.participate C.witness D.observe26.A.scanned B.memorized C.followed D.ignored27.A.water B.soil C.leaves D.branches28.A.latest B.favorite C.permanent D.temporary29.A.height B.growth C.age D.weight30.A.addition B.feature C.decoration D.attraction31.A.beneath B.beyond C.within D.above32.A.incontrastto B.similarto C.unlike D.identicalto33.A.leaves B.branches C.trunk D.bark34.A.reminder B.sign C.symbol D.token35.A.sentimental B.cultural C.financial D.historical第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)语法填空DongXiaowan,a65-year-oldwoman_____36_____(originate)fromWenzhou,hasattainedanoteworthyaccomplishmentbybeingthefirstseniorrunnerinherhometowntoaccomplishallsixWorldMarathonMajors.Hermostrecentfeatwasattherenowned128thBostonMarathon,_____37_____(consider)theoldestmarathoneventworldwide,_____38_____shesucceedinfinishingtheraceinanimpressivetimeof5hoursand45minutes.Dong'spursuit_____39_____achievingthemajorsreflectsherunwaveringcommitmentandprofoundpassionfoerunning.Asaformerathletewho_____40_____(specialize)inmiddle-andlong-distanceeventsduringhertenureatWenzhouSportsSchool,shelaidthegroundworkforhermarathonsuccessesatatenderage.Throughouttheyears,she_____41_____(take)inamyriadofmarathonsacrossChina,includingfrequentappearancesattheesteemedXiamenandHangzhouMarathons.In2018,Dongventuredintotheinternationalarena,aiming_____42_____completingtheesteemedgrandslamofmarathons.AttheBerlinMarathon,shewasawitnesstoahistoricmomentasEliudKipchogeshatteredtheworldrecord.Despitethesubstantialexpensesassociatedwithparticipatingintheseinternationalcompetitions,Dongfirmlybelievesthattheenrichingexperiencesofferedbyeachmarathonarewortheverypenny.HavingtriumphantlycompletedtheTokyoMarathonearlierthisyear,DonghadsolelytheBostonMarathonremainingtofulfillhergrandslam_____43_____（aspiring）.Nowadays,_____44_____allsixmajorssecurelyunderherbelt,shehasbeenawardedthecovetedSixStarFinishermedal,which_____45_____(serve)asasymbolofremarkableenduranceanddedication.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.应用文写作（15分）随着社交媒体的普及，青少年在网络上的言论和行为备受关注。请你以“ResponsibleOnlineBehaviorforTeenagers”为题，写一篇演讲稿，在学校的主题活动中发言。内容包括：1.阐述演讲的背景2.阐述青少年在网络上应如何做到言行负责，至少包含两个要点。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。开头和结尾已为你写好Dearteachersandclassmates，____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________let'sallstrivetoberesponsiblenetizens.Thankyouallforlistening!第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整短文。Keller'sLacrosse（曲棍球）MomentofGloryInthetense,pulsatingatmosphereofthedecidinglacrossegame,Kellerstoodfirmlyinthecenterofthemidfield,arockforhisteam.Hisdarkhair,slickwithsweat,clungstubbornlytohisforehead,andhispiercingeyesdartedacrossthegreenturf,searchingfortheslightestchinkintheopponent'sarmor.Hisstick,aweaponofprecision,hoveredeagerly,waitingforalooseballtoswoopinon.Suddenly,theballpoppedoutofthegoalkeeper'sstick,andKellersprungforward,hismusclescoiledlikeaspring.Butashissticklungedfortheball,itsoaredtoohigh,missingitstargetbythenarrowestofmargins.Hefeltthestingofdisappointment,hisheartsinkingashecursedsilently.Acostlymistake,heknew,inthiscrucialmatch.Onhissecondattempt,anopposingmidfielderdartedin,nimbleandquick,stealingtheballfromKeller'sgrasp.Thewhistlepiercedtheair,signalingtheendoftheplay,andKellerslumped,shoulderssagging.Hefelttheheavinessofhisteam'ssilentdisappointment,aweightthatseemedtocrushhisspirit.Afterthematch,Kellersataloneonthebench,hisheadbowedincontemplation.Thecoachapproachedhimslowly,hisfaceamaskofsympathy,yethiseyesburnedwithafieryresolve."Keller,"hesaid,voicesternyetkind,"you'reagiftedplayer,nodoubt.Butremember,inlacrosse,thegreatestwarriorsarethosewhocanadapt.Theballdoesn'talwayscometoyourstick.Sometimes,thebestpassistheonemadewithyourfeet,orevenanodofyourhead."注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Paragraph1:Thecoach'swordsechoedinKeller'smind,ignitingasparkofdeterminationwithinhim.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Kellerstoodtall,agrinofsatisfactionspreadingacrosshisface._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________