人教版八年级英语下册知识点归纳

人教版八年级英语下册知识点归纳

Unit1

What’sthematter?重点短语:haveastomachachehaveacold

liedowntakeone’stemperaturehaveafever

gotoadoctortoone’ssurpriseagreeto(dosth.)

getintotroublebeusedtotakerisks

runout(of)cutoffgetoutof

beincontrolofkeepon(doingsth.）

giveup

语言知识归纳：1.What’sthematter(withyou)?此句用来询问别人的病情。类似的句子还有：What’swrongwithyou?/What’sthetrouble?matter作动词用，意为“要紧”“有关系”，主要用于疑问句和否定句。Whatdoesitmatter?

Itdoesn’tmatter.【例题】Doesit________ifwecan’tfinishittoday?A.mind

B.minds

C.matter

D.matters2.Ihaveasorethroat.have“患病”，常用“havea/an+

名词”.haveacold

haveafever

haveasoreback

haveastomachache

haveacough【例题】()---Doesheoftenhave______cold?

---Yes.Healso_____acoughandasorethroat.

A.a;has

B./;has

C.a;have

D./;have3.Liedownandrest!

躺下休息liedown

躺下单词词义过去式过去分词现在分词lie说谎liedliedlyinglie躺，平放laylainlying4.That’sprobablywhy.

那可能就是原因。probably意为“很可能，大概”，表示的可能性很大，是一种近乎肯定的意思。5.hurt

v.

使受伤；伤害；疼痛Hehurthislegwhenhefell.

他摔伤的时候伤了腿。Myfeelingswerehurtwhenhedidn’taskmetotheparty.他没有请我参加聚会使我很伤心。6.Thebusdriver,24-year-oldWangPing...公交车司机，24岁的王平……24-year-old

是用连字符连接数字和名词所构成的一个形容词结构，意思是“24岁的”。（名词必须用单数，常用在名词前做定语）【例题】A____girlnamedDongXinyilookedafterherdisabledfather.A.three-year-old

B.

three-years-old

C.

Threeyearsold

7.expect

vt.

期待；预期；期盼expect的常见用法:expect+名词/代词The

old

man

is

expecting

his

daughter’s

visit.expecttodosth.

I

expect

to

get

a

birthday

present

from

my

dad.

expectsb.todosth.Do

you

expect

him

to

teach

you

English?expect+从句I

expect

that

you

will

get

there

soon.

【辨析】expect与lookforwardto两者都有期待的意思

lookforwardtodoingsth.

I’mlookingforwardtoseeingTom.8.Buttohissurprise...但是令他吃惊的是……toone’ssurprise

表示“令人惊奇的是……”，相当于“主语+be+surprised”Tohissurprise,hefoundthegirlwasbind.=Hewassurprisedtofindthegirlwasblind.

令他惊奇的是，他发现这个女孩是个盲人。【拓展】insurprise表示“惊奇的”，相当于副词性短语，用来修饰动词。Thetwogirlslookedateachotherinsurprise.

那两个女孩惊奇地互相看着。besurprisedat表示“对……感到惊讶”。Weareverysurprisedatthenews.

听到这个消息，我们很诧异。surprising

表示“使人惊奇的”，作表语时，主语是事物。9.Theydon’twantanytrouble.

他们不想惹麻烦。①

trouble用作名词，意为“烦恼，困难，麻烦，疾病等”。Hislifeisfulloftrouble.

他的生活充满了烦恼。What’sthetrouble?

怎么了？②

trouble用作动词，意为“麻烦，打扰”。I’msorrytotroubleyou.

抱歉打扰你。【拓展】与trouble相关的短语introuble处于困境中

getintotrouble陷入困境Havetrouble(in)doingsth.

做某事有困难【例题】-HowisyourEnglishstudy?-Notbad.ButI_____learningEnglishgrammar.A.aminterested

B.amgoodat

C.havealittletrouble

D.havenotrouble10.辨析

usedtodosth.

与

beusedtosth./doingsth.↓

↓过去常常……

习惯于某事/做某事We

usedto

drawpicturesbadly.Youwill

getusedto

theweatherhere.Intheend,I

gotusedto

doinghardwork.11.辨析

runout

与runoutof人+runoutofTheyhaverunoutofthewater.物+runout(不可用于被动语态）

Themoneyisrunningout.【例题】选出能代替句中画线部分的一项(

)YesterdayI

usedup

allthesalttocookdumplings.Ineedtobuysomenow.A.ateup

B.runoutof

C.ranof

D.ranoutof12.makedecisions=makeadecision

作出决定decision为decide的名词形式makeadecisiontodosth.=decidetodosth.13.beincontrolof

管理；控制Ateachershould

beincontrolof

hisclass.重点语法：情态动词should的用法（1）should后接动词原形，变否定句在should后加not,

变一般疑问句时将should提前。（2）should常用于以下两种情况：①

提出建议Youlookedtired.Youshouldliedownandrest.②

表推测，意为“该，按理应当”。Waitaminute.Ithinkheshouldcomeinaminute.

Unit2

I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.重点短语:cleanupbyoneself

cheerupputoffgiveout

putonusedtogiveaway

takeaftersetupmakeadifference

careforcomeupwith语言知识归纳：1.giveout

分发，发放【拓展】give构成的短语还有：giveaway

赠给，赠送

givein

屈服，投降giveup

放弃

giveoff

发出（气味、光、热等）2.comeupwith

提出，想出(1)表示“想出或提出”，相当于thinkofIthinkshecancomeupwithagoodidea(2)comeupwith还可表示

“赶上”,相当于catchupwith.Weshouldstudyhardtocomeupwiththem【例题】(

)Wemust_____aplantoimproveyourmath.A.pickup

B.catchupwith

C.comeupwith

D.makeup3.I’v

runoutof

it.

我已经把它用完了。

runoutof

表示

“用完，用光”，其主语一般是人。【拓展】runoutof

还可表示“从……跑出来”。Billranoutoftheroom.

Bill从房间里跑出来。run构成的短语还有runaway

逃走

runafter追赶runintodifficulties遇到困难【例题】(

)Whenyourmoney____,pleasecometomeforsome.

A.runsoutof

B.runsout

C.isrunningoutof

D.isrunout4.I

takeafter

mymother.我长得像我妈妈。【辨析】takeafter

与lookliketakeafter意为“长得像，行为、性格等像”,尤其是像自己的长辈。Theboytakesafterhisfather.

这个男孩长得像他爸爸。looklike

可以用于所有场合，既可指人也可指物，仅指外表看上去像。Themanlookslikeourteacher.

这个男的看起来像我们的老师。Therainbowlookslikeabridge.

彩虹看上去像一座桥。【拓展】take

构成的短语takeup

takeoff

takeplacetakeone’stime

takecare【例题】(

)-You’vereallybeautifulblondhair.

-Thankyou.I____mymother.A.lookafter

B.takeafter

C.takefrom

D.lookfor5.setup

创办，建立setup

为副词短语，与start,establish同义They’vesetupacompany.

他们创办了一家公司。与set

相关的短语还有：setout

动身，开始（做某事）setoff

出发，引起，激发6.Youhelpedto

makeitpossibleformetohavelucky.

对我来说，有了你的帮助，我才有可能拥有Lucky.it是形式宾语Youmadeitpossibleformetocatchupwithothers.

你让我有可能赶上其他人。【例题】(

)Hefound___hardtogotosleepwiththelighton.A.it

B.that

C.he

D.him7.Lucky

makesabigdifference

tomylife.

Lucky对我的生活产生了很大的影响。makeabigdifference

意为“对……产生很大的影响”，difference在此为“影响”的意思。【例题】(

)Theheavysnowdidn’t___theinternationalairlines.A.payattentionto

B.addto

C.makeadifferenceto

D.keepto8.imagine

v.

想象，假想；以为，认为imagine

（v.想象）→imagination（n.想象）→imaginative(adj.富于想象力的）9.help...out

帮……克服困难，帮……分担工作Theteacheroftenhelpshisstudentsout.

那位老师经常帮他的学生解决问题。10.beexcitedabout...

对……兴奋I’mexcitedaboutthegameofLiNa.

我对李娜的比赛感到兴奋。exciting

修饰物重点语法：动词短语动词短语主要有以下四种构成形式：(1)

动词+介词这类动词短语主要有：agreewith,askfor,arriveat,hearof,lookat,takeafter,listento等。这类动词后的宾语无论是名词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。I’mlookingformypen.

Don’tlaughatthepoorman.(2)动词+副词这类动词短语有：findout,giveout,lookup,puton,turnon/off,wakeup,workout等。这类动词后面的宾语是名词时，名词可放在副词前面或后面；宾语是代词时，代词只能放在副词前面。Pleasepickupthepen.=Pleasepickthepenup.Ittookhimtwohourstoworkitout.(3)

动词+名词+介词这类动词短语有：havealookat,makefriendswith,payattentionto,takecareof,lookforwardto等。在这类动词短语中，宾语都放在介词之后。Youshouldpaymoreattentiontoyourpronunciation.(4)

动词+形容词+介词这类动词短语有：beangrywith,bebusywith,begoodfor,bedifferentfrom,beinterestedin,begoodat等。【例题】(1)()Whenyoudon’tknowaword,youcan___inthedictionary.A.lookitup

B.setitup

C.giveitup

D.pickitup(2)(

)Wewillhavedinnerattherestaurant,whichisfamous___itsseafood.A.of

B.to

C.for

D.as

Unit3

Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?重点短语:takeouttherubbish

makethebed

allthetimeborrowsomemoney

helpwithhousework

hangoutwith...awasteoftime

inorderto

as...as...takecareof

insurprise

dothedishesasaresult

语言知识归纳：1.workon

从事于；着手干Thewriterisworkingonanewbook.

那位作家正在写一本新书。Sheisgoingtoworkonherphysicsproject.

她打算从事她的物理项目。【例题】(

)Thescientistsare____inventingsomemethodsofproducingelectricity.A.workingon

B.workingout

C.workingat

D.workingfor2.atleast

至少atleast

修饰时间、距离、长度等，以加强语气。翻译短语位atmost,意为“至多，最多”。Hekeptmewaitingatleastanhour.Therewerefiftypeoplethereatmost.3.allthetime

一直；总是Thingsarechangingallthetime.事情一直在变化。【拓展】time相关的短语ontime准时

atthesametime同时

intime及时Fromtimetotime偶尔

thefirsttime第一次【例题】选出能代替句中划线部分的一项。(

)I

always

goshoppingonFriday.

A.allthetime

B.allthesame

C.allalong

D.alltheway5.I’mjustastiredasyouare!

我和你一样累。as...as意为“和……一样”,表示同级比较。as...as中间要用形容词或副词原级。Thisstoryisasinterestingasthatone.

这个故事和那个一样有趣。否定式为notas/so...as,意为“不如……”。Thegardenisnotsobeautifulasyouthought.【例题】(

)HespeaksFrenchwell,butofcoursenot____apersonborninFrance.A.asclearas

B.clearerthan

C.asclearlyas

D.themoreclearly6.Foroneweek,shedidnotdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidI.一个星期，她不做家务，我也不做家务。so,neither

倒装句型

So+

助动词/be动词/

情态动词+

主语Neither+

助动词/be动词/

情态动词+

主语这两种结构常用来说明前面所说的情况，后面某人（物）也是这样。助动词/be动词/

情态动词在形式上与前句的谓语保持一致，而其单复形式由后句的主语决定。So依附于肯定句，neither依附于否定句。BillwatchedTVlastnight.SodidAnn.Lilyisn’tateacher.NeitherisMary.【例题】()-Ineverdrinkcoffee.

-______.

A.SodoI

B.SodidI

C.NeitherdidI

D.NeitherdoI7.辨析borrow与lendborrowsth.fromsb.

向某人借（入）某物lendsth.tosb./lendsb.sth.

把某物借给某人【注】borrow,lend都是非延续性动词，如果要表示“借多长时间”要用keep。【例题】(

)Althoughyoulikethebook,youmayonly___itfortwoweeks.A.borrow

B.keep

C.lend

D.stay

8.spend

v.

花费（金钱；时间）spend+

钱/时间

+onsth.

在……上花费时间或金钱spend+

时间

+(in)doingsth.

花时间做某事【例题】(

)YangFeng___everySaturdayafternoonvolunteeringinanoldpeople’shome.A.costs

B.takes

C.pays

D.vide

v.

提供；给予

providesth.

Therestaurantprovidethebestservice.

providesb.withsth.

Theparentsprovidethechildrenwithfoodandvidesth.forsb.Theschoolsprovidedesksandchairsforthestudents.【例题】()Toprotecttheenvironment,supermarketsdon’t___freeplasticbagstoshoppers.A.take

B.show

C.provide

D.carry10.dependon

依靠；依赖；相信dependon为固定短语，不能用进行时态，也不可用被动语态Asweknow,goodresultsdependonhardwork.Youcan’tdependonyourparentsforever.10.Theearlierkidslearntobeindependent,thebetteritisfortheirfuture.孩子越早学会独立，对他们的将来就越好。the+

比较级...，the+

比较级...

“越……就越……”Theharderyouworkatyourstudy,thebettergradesyouwillhave.【例题】(

)-Therewasthickhaze(雾霾)inourcitythisspring.Whatdoyouthinkofit？-Ithink___carswedrive,____pollutionourcitywillhave.A.thefewer;thefewer

B.thefewer;theless

C.Themore;thefewer

D.themore;theless11.inorderto

的用法(1)inorderto意为“为了……”，强调目的，后接动词原形。Inorderto

letthestudentshearhim,hespokeloudly.Wehavetostudyhard

inorderto

passtheexam.Inordernotto

belateforschool,shetookataxi.(2)含inorderto的句子可以转变为由sothat或inorderthat

引导的状语从句。Sheranquicklyinordertocatchthebus.Sheranquicklyinorderthatshecouldcatchthebus.Sheranquicklysothatshecouldcatchthebus.12.asaresult的用法asaresult用于引出结果，常用于两个句子之间，其中一个是另一个的结果，且前后用标点符号将两个句子隔开，意为“结果是”。Hedidn’tlistencarefully.Asaresult,hecouldn’tworkoutthemathsproblem.【注】asaresultof

的意思是“由于，因为”，相当于becauseof。Peterwaslate

asaresultof

theheavyrain.=Peterwaslate

because

oftheheavyrain.【例题】(

)Theboystudiedhard.

______,hepassedtheexam.A.Iafact

B.Ontime

C.Afterall

D.AsaresultUnit4

Whydon’tyoutalktoyourparents?重点短语:lookthrough

workout

getonwithcutout

compare...with

inone’sopinionabigdeal

sothat

getintoafightcommunicatewith

not...until...

callsb.up

insteadof

语言知识归纳：1.Whydon’tyoutalktoyourparents?Whydon’tyoudosth.=Whynotdosth.“为什么不……?”【拓展】提出建议的句型①What/Howaboutdoingsth.?

做某事怎么样？②Shallwedosth.?

我们做某事好吗？③You’dbetter(not)dosth.

你最好（不）做某事。④Whydon’tyoudosth.

为什么不做某事呢？⑤Wouldyouminddoingsth.?

你介意做某事吗？2.allow

v.

允许，许可①allowsb.todosth.“允许某人做某事“Myparentsallowmetoplaycomputergameonweekends.②allowdoingsth.

“允许做某事”Shedoesn’tallowsmokinginherhouse.③allow+名词Wecan’tallowsuchathing.【例题】(

)Doyouoftenallow____until11:00p.m.A.tostayup

B.stayup

C.stayingup

D.andstayup3.workout

产生……效果，进展……Thingsworkedoutquitewellforus.

对我们来说，事情进展很好。Heworkedoutthemathsproblem.

他算出了这道数学题。Canyouworkouttheproblemalone?

你一个人能把问题搞清楚吗？4.communicate

v.

交流信息；沟通Ican’tcommunicatewiththematthemoment.

此刻我无法同他们进行交流。communication

n.交流Peoplecan’tgetonwellwitheachotherwithoutcommunication.

没有交流，人们就无法相处得好。【例题】选出能代替句中划线部分的一项。(

)Peoplechooseto

keepintouch

withtheirfriendsbye-mail.A.write

B.read

C.agree

D.communicate5.argue

vi.

争论；争吵arguewithsb.

与某人争论Don’targuewithyourparents.

不要和你的父母争论。argue的名词形式是

“argument”,haveanargumentwithsb.

与某人辩论。Alicehandanargumentwithherbestfriend.【例题】(

)Ineverargue____myparents.A.in

B.to

C.for

D.with6.instead

adv.

代替，顶替Ifyouarebusy,youmaycomeanotherdayinstead.【辨析】instead

与insteadof

instead副词舍前取后，可单独使用，位于句首或句末。insteadof介词短语舍后取前，后面常跟名词，代词及动词ing。Hedidn’tanswer.Heaskedhisfatherinstead.Weeatriceinsteadofnoodles.【例题】()Whataniceday!Weshouldgosightseeing____watchingTVinthehotel.

A.becauseof

B.insteadof

C.togetherwith

D.out7.offer

v.

提供；提出；建议①offer

做“提供”讲时，可接双宾语。offersth.tosb.=offersb.sth.

向某人提供某物Thewaitressofferedacupofteatotheman.=Thewaitressofferedthemanacupoftea.②offer还有“提出，建议”的意思，其后接不定式，表示主动提出做某事。Theoldmanofferedtolendtheboysomemoney.【例题】(

)Thelittleboy___hisseattoanoldladyonthecrowdedbus.A.lent

B.offered

C.took

D.brought8.Andtheyarealwayscomparingthemwithotherpare

作动词，意为“比较，和……相比”。①compare...with...

把……同……相比较Parentsshouldn’talwayscomparetheirchildrenwithothers.父母们不该总是把自己的孩子同别人相比较。②compare...to...

把……比作……Peopleoftencomparethelifetoastage.

人们常把生活比作一个舞台。【例题】(

)Myhandwritingcannotbecompared___myfather’s.A.to

B.with

C.on

D.for11.Mycousinborrowsmythingswithout

returning

them.①return

意为“归还”，其后可接双宾语returnsb.sth.=returnsth.tosb.Don’tforgettoreturnmethekeys.②return

还有“返回”的意思，相当于goback,

后接地点时需要介词to。He

returnedto

Shanghaiaweekago.

【例题】①那本书你还给图书馆了吗？Didyou_______thebook_______thelibrary?②(

)Idon’tknowwhenwewill_______HongKong.A.returnback

B.returnto

C.returnbackto

D.return

Unit5Whatwereyoudoingwhentherainstormcame?重点短语:gooff

pickup

fallasleepdiedown

makeone’sway

insilencetakedown

atfirst

waitforinamess

therestof

havemeaningtobasketballcompetition

aswell

makesure语言知识归纳：1.while

当……的时候作连词引导时间状语从句，在while引导的从句中，其谓语动词只能是延续性动词，强调主从句中的动作或状态同时发生。WhileIwaswatchingTV,someoneknockedatthedoor.when意为“当……时”，动作有一前一后的意思。WhenIpassedthatroomIheardsomeonesinging.while

作连词时也可理解为“然而”，表示转折关系。Ilikeappleswhilemysisterdoesn’t.【例题】()Tomlikesreadinganewspaper____heishavingbreakfast.A.until

B.while

C.because

D.though(

)Marywastalkingonthephone____someoneknockedatthedoor.A.while

B.before

C.when

D.after2.makesure

查明；确信①makesureofsth.②makesuretodosth.

③makesurethat+

从句【例题】()ReadyourEnglishpaperagainand____thereisnomistakeinitbeforeyouhanditin.A.makesure

B.turnup

C.comeout

D.lookfor3.I

gotto

thebusstopbutIstillmissedthebus.get意为“到达”时，是不及物动词，后面跟地点名词时，要加介词to。HowcanIgettothenearestsupermarket?表示“到达”的三种形式：①arrive

意为到达

at+

小地点arrive

in+

大地点②getto

后接地点名词。Hegottoschoolat7:00thismorning.③reach意为“到达”，是及物动词，后面直接跟地点名词。WhendidyoureachAmerica?【例题】(

)Pleasewritetomeassoonasyou_____yourschool.A.getto

B.reachto

C.arrive

D.come(

)-Whendidyouraunt______inShandong?

-Yesterdayafternoon.A.reach

B.get

C.arrive

D.come

4.Peopleoftenrememberwhattheyweredoingwhenthey

heard

thenewsofimportanteventsinhistory.hear动词,

意为“听说”。常用结构为：①hearsb.dosth.

听见某人做某事②hearsb.doingsth.

听见某人正在做某事③hearof/aboutsb./sth.

听说某人或某事④hearfromsb.

收到某人的来信⑤hear+that从句

听说……【例题】(

)Tomlikesto_____othersbutheneverwritestothem.A.hear

B.hearof

C.hearabout

D.hearfrom(

)-Whendidyou_____thenews?

-Justnow.A.hearabout

B.hearfrom

C.heard

D.hearing5.Iplayedthesong

without

anymistakes.without介词,意为“无；没有”，其反义词为with,后接名词、代词或动词ing。Fishcan’tlivewithoutwater.Hewenttoworkwithouthavingbreakfast.【例题】她没敲门就进了房间。Sheenteredtheroom_______________atthedoor.你不戴眼镜能看得清东西吗？Canyouseeclearly__________your_______Unit6

Anoldmantriedtomovethemountains.重点短语:alittlebit

insteadof

oonceuponatime

fallinlove

getmarriedassoonas

insteadof

givebirthtobeborn

o

语言知识归纳：2.try的用法①trytodosth.

尽力做某事

HeistryingtolearnEnglish.②trydoingsth.

试着做某事

Youshouldtrytakingmoreexercise.③tryone’sbest

尽力

I’lltrymybesttohelphim.④tryon

试穿

Wouldyouliketotrythisdresson?2.remind

vt.

使想起，提醒①remindsb.of/aboutsth.

使某人想起某事

Thesongremindmeofmychildhood.②remindsb.todosth.

提醒某人做某事

Peterremindedhertoattendthemeetingontime.4.Whatdoyouthinkof...?

你认为……怎么样？Whatdoyouthinkof...?=Howdoyoulike...?注：think后接动名词，like后接带to的不定式如：Whatdoyouthinkof

going

climbingtomorrow?=Howdoyoulike

togo

climbingtomorrow?

你认为明天去爬山怎么样？【例题】(

)-______doyouthinkofthefootballmatch?-It’sperfect.It’smoreexcitingthan____matchthatIhaveeverwatched.A.How;anyother

B.How;anyothers

C.What;anyother

D.What;anyothers

5.Neither

ofyouiswrong.

你们两个都没错。neither

两者都不；也不e.g.Neitheroftheideasisgood.Ilikeneithersubject.neither

作连词，表示“既不……也不……”，连接两个主语时，谓语动词要遵循就近原则。e.g.Neitheryounorheisinthisteam.NeitherhenorIamateacher.【例题】(

)-Whichdoyouprefer,aCDplayerorawalkman?-_______.Ipreferacomputer.A.Both

B.Either

C.None

D.Neither

5.unless的用法unless的意思是“除非，如果不”，相当于ifnot,用来引导条件状语从句。主句同常用将来时，从句用一般现在时。e.g.Youwillmisstheearlybusunlessyougetupearly.Wewon’tgotothecinematomorrowunlessmymotherdoes.【例题】(

)Wecan’tbesuccessful_____wekeepworkinghard.A.if

B.unless

C.because

D.when

6.so...that...

如此……以至于……so...that...可以转化为简单句，要用too...to...或not...enoughto...句型时，not后要用原句中的形容词或副词的反义词。Sheissoyoungthatshecan’tlookafterherself.=Sheistooyoungtolookafterherself.=Sheisnotoldenoughtolookafterherself.【例题】(

)-Youstudy_____hard______you’resuretopasstheexam.-Thankyouforsayingso.A.enough;to

B.as;as

C.so;that

7.assoonas

一……就……assoonas

为连词，引导时间状语从句当主句是一般将来时或祈使句时，从句通常用一般现在时，简称“主将从现”。e.g.I’lltellheraboutthematterassoonasshereturnshome.I’llringyouupassoonasIgottoSanya.【例题】(

)-WillyoupleasegivethedictionarytoJane?-Sure.I’llgiveittoher____shearriveshere.A.before

B.until

C.because

D.assoonas8.thewholefamily

全家whole的用法①作形容词，意为“全部的；完整的”。thewholenight

整夜

inthewholeworld

全世界②作名词，意为“全部，全体，整个”。asawhole作为整体

thewholeofChina

整个中国【辨析】whole

与

allwhole一般位于冠词、所有格或别的限定词之后，而all则位于这些词之前allthetime/thewholetime

整个时间allmylife/mywholelife

我的一生alltheclass/thewholeclass

整个班级【例题】(

)Alisonhasbeenskatingfor_____twohours.A.theall

B.wholethe

C.thewhole

D.allof9.bemadeof

与

bemadefrom

由……制成①bemadeof

表示制成成品后，仍可以看出原材料Thedesksaremadeofwood.②bemadefrom

看不出原材料，属于化学变化Paperismadeofwood.【例题】()Thispairofshoes_____byhand,andit____verycomfortable.A.ismadefrom;isfelt

B.aremadeof;feels

C.ismadeby;feelsUnit7

What’sthehighestmountainintheworld?重点短语:feelfree

asfarasIknow

inthefaceofeventhough

atbirth

walkintofallover

orso

takeinmanytimes

endangeredanimals

achieveone’sdream

语言知识归纳：3.比较级和最高级的特殊句型①“get/become+

形容词比较级

+and+

形容词比较级

”表示“变得越来越……”，当形容词为多音节词（少数双音节词）时，用

“moreandmore+

原级”。Itgetswarmerandwarmerwhenspringcomes.②“the+

形容词比较级……，the+

形容词比较级……”意为“越……就越……”。Theharderyouworkatyourstudy,thebettergradesyouwillhave.③“oneofthe+最高级+可数名词复数”表示“最……之一”。ChengduisoneofthemostbeautifulcitiesinChina.④Thisis/was+the+最高级+名词+that引导的定语从句。ThisisthemostinterestingstoryIhaveeverread.三级句型之间的转换①

形容词比较级+thananyother+单数名词Thisbookismoredifficultthananyotherbookhere.=Thisbookisthemostdifficultofall.形容词比较级+thantheother+复数名词Billistallerthantheotherstudentsinhisclass.②

同级比较用as...as...,

否定式为notas/so...as...Heisastallashisfather.Heisnotastallashisfather.③“more+形容词”与“less+形容词”及“notso/as...as”的互换。Thisquestionismoredifficultthanthatone.=Thatquestionislessdifficultthanthisone.=Thatquestionisn’tsodifficultasthisone.2.数量的表达英语中通常将数字放在单位词的前面，而将表示长、宽、高等的词放在单位词的后面。固定句式为：主语+be+数词+形容词（长、宽、高、深……）。Theboyis1.7meterstall.Thisbuildingis90metershigh.5.Chinahasthebiggest

population

intheworld.①population是集体名词，没有复数形式，作主语时，其后谓语动词用单数形式。Thepopulationoftheschoolis500.②

指人口多少时，一般用large或small来表示。ThepopulationofChinaislargerthanthatofAmerica.③

提问“有多少人口”，用what

或howlarge,

而不用howmany。What’sthepopulationofChina?

6.succeed

v.

成功，做到succeed常与in连用，succeedindoingsth.(成功做某事）Didyousucceedinbookingtheticket?successn.

成功Workinghardcanleadtosuccess.successful

用作形容词，意思是“成功的”。Lindaisasuccessfuldancerandshedanceswell.【例题】(

)-Dearfriends,pleasereadeverysentencecarefully.Detailsdecide_____ornot.

A.success

B.successful

C.succeed

6.Thiselephantweighs

manytimesmorethan

thispanda.（1）表示两倍用twice,三倍（及以上）用“基数词+times”。（2）倍数的表达：A+be+倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+as+BThisclassroomisthreetimesasbigasthatone.

【例题】(

)Thecartravels_____thetrain.A.twotimeasfastas

B.twotimesasfastas

C.twotimeasfasteras

7.Weshould

protect

whales

from

watertect

保护、保卫protect...from...“保护……免受……的侵害”Everyoneshouldprotecttheenvironmentfrompollution.

Unit8

HaveyoureadTreasureIslandyet?重点短语:fullof

hurryup

sciencefictioncountrymusic

eversince

oneanotherbelongto

finishdoingsth.

fightover

millionsof

语言知识归纳：4.现在完成时(1)

用法：①

表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。Ihavepostedthephotos.

我已经把这些照片邮寄了。②

表示过去发生的动作及状态一直持续到现在。HehasstudiedEnglishforthreeyears.(2)

现在完成时的构成及其变化构成have/has+

动词的过去分词。其中have/has为助动词，没有实际意义，可缩写。Mikehas=Mike’s

theyhave=they’ve(3)

现在完成时常用的时间状语already,just,ever,yet,fortwoyears,since1995,sofar,inthelastfewyears【例题】(

)-Didyouborrowthecomicbookfromthelibrary?-Yes.I_____itforthreedays.I’llreturnitthisafternoon.

A.borrowed

B.kept

C.haveborrowed

D.havekept(

)-Hello,mayIspeaktoMiss.Wang?-Sorry,sheisn’tin.She____theoffice.

A.hasbeento

B.hasgoneto

C.hasbeenaway(

)-I’vegotthefinalHarryPotterbook.-Youwillloveit.I____ittwicealready.

A.amreading

B.haveread

C.wasreading

D.willread3.I’vealready

finishedreading

it!finishdoingsth.

完成做某事Theyfinisheddoingtheworklastweek.6.Whoelseisonmyisland?else意为“其他的”主要用在疑问词who,whose,what,where,when及不定代词somebody,anybody,nobody,someone,

anyone,something,anything,nothing后面。-What

else

doyouwant?

-Nothing

else.other也作“其他的”讲，但用法不同other是形容词，修饰名词，并放在名词前Whenaretheotherboysarrive?另外other还可修饰代词one或one’s。Thisstoryismoreinterestingthantheotherone.【例题】用else或other填空。(1)What_______canyouseeinthepicture?(2)Wherearethe_______boys?(3)Givemethe________pencil,notthisone.(4)Whom________wouldyoudoitwith?7....butnotaboutbelongingtoagroup.

……但不是关于属于一个集体。belongto意为“属于”，后接宾语，不用于进行时态和被动语态。Thisbookbelongstome,butthatonebelongstoMary.Thenewpenbelongstome.ThehonorbelongstoTom.7.Sarahhasn’tbeentoNashvilleyet.havebeento...

去过……

【辨析】havebeento与havegonetohavebeento+地名，表示“某人曾经到过某地”，现在已经不在那个地方了（回来了）。havegoneto

表示“已经去了某地”，还没有回来，可能在那里或在途中。不能与段时间连用。Johnisn’there.Wherehashegone?HehasbeentomanyplacessincehecametoChina.

【例题】(

)Anumberoftourists_____Yangzhoumanytimesbecauseitissuchabeautifulcity.A.havebeento

B.hasbeento

C.hasgoneto

D.havegoneto

6.Howdoesitmakethemfeel?make为使役动词，后跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语即makesb.dosth.Mymotheroftenmakesmecleantheroom.make后跟复合宾语的类型①make+

宾语

+

名词Mostpopsingersmakemusictheircareer.②make+

宾语

+

形容词Whathedidmakeshismotherhappy.③make+

宾语

+

过去分词Canyoumakeyourselfunderstood?7.Haveyou

introduced

thissingertoothers?introducesb.tosb.

把某人介绍给某人introduceoneself

做自我介绍Unit9

Haveyoueverbeentoamuseum?重点短语:thousandsof

putup

takethesubwayontheonehand...ontheotherhand...

encouragesb.todosth.haveproblemdoingsth.

practicedoingsth.closeto

duringthedaytime

allyearround

语言知识归纳：1.Meneither.

我也没（去过）。Meneither=NeitherhaveI.-Ican’tswim.

-Meneither./NeithercanI.【例题】(

)-Ihaven’tbeentoSanya,howaboutyou?

-_________.

A.Metoo.

B.Meneither.

C.Mealso.

D.Mehaven’t.(

)-DidyouseePeterandMike?-No,Isaw____ofthem.

A.neither

B.either

C.both

D.noneNeitherhenorI________(am/is)astudent.4.Italso

encourages

governmentsandsocialgroups

tothink

aboutwaystoimprovetoiletsinthefuture.encourage

鼓励encouragesb.(todosth.)【例题】(

)-Theteachersalwaysencouragehim________hard.

A.study

B.studies

C.tostudy

D.studying7.Maybeyou

fearthat

youwon’tbeabletofindanythinggoodtoeatwhenyoutravel.fear

害怕；惧怕fear的不同用法①feartodosth.

Thegirlsfeartogooutatnight.②fearforsb./sth.

Policefearforthelostchildren.③fearthat+

从句【例题】(1)我们担心我们会在森林里迷路。We_______________wewillgetlostintheforest(2)Somestudentsfear_______________(speak)infrontoftheclass.8.Whether

youlikeIndianfood,Westernfood

or

Japanesefood,you’llfinditallinSingapore.whether

用作连词，意为“不管……（还是）；或者……（或者）”。常用结构有：whether...or...Whetheritiseasyoritisdifficult,wewon’tgiveup.5.unusual

adj.

不同寻常的，罕见的前缀un-表否定的意思有“不，未，无”之意。unhappy

不开心的

unkind冷酷的

untidy不整洁的unbelievable令人难以置信的

unknown不出名的

7.Ontheonehand,morethan

threequarters

ofthepopulationareChinese...①threequarters

是分数，意为“四分之三”。quarter有“一刻钟，四分之一”的含义。在英语中表达分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词；如分子大于1，分母要用复数形式。3/5

threefifths