高中英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第四册 Unit 11 Conflict And Compromise Lesson 2 Dealing with Conflict 同步练习 (一)

Unit11ConflictandCompromiseLesson2DealingwithConflict【基础知识过关】Ⅰ.单词拼写1．In2016Britainvotedto________(退出)fromtheEU.2．Shebecamesonervousthatsheshook________(剧烈地)．3．Onemustapplyoneselftothepresentandkeepone'seyes________(坚定地)fixedonone'sfuturegoals.4．Scientistshaveafairly________(消极的)attitudetothetheory.5．Thegovernmenthasbeenaccusedofnot________(回应)appropriatelytotheneedsofthehomeless.6．Shetried________(跺脚)herfeettokeepwarmatthebusstop.7．Theboss________(咒骂)atthewaitresswhenshebrokeaplate.8．The________(后果)ofarisingsealevelwouldbewidespreadflooding.9．Theviolencewastheresultofpoliticalandethnic________(冲突)．Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Igotthejobonthestrengthofyour________(recommend)．2．Ontheotherhand,therearealwayssomepeoplewhoviewthisgap________(negative)．3．Hedeterminedona________(withdraw)ofhisforces.4．Weprefertosubscribetoanalternative________(explain)．5．________surprisedusmosttherewasthebeautyofthescenes.6．Closingtheplantwilllead________300joblosses.7．Thecourtscanrefuse________(admit)policeevidencewhichhasbeenillegallyobtained.8．Thesetwoproblemsmustn'tbetreated________thesameway.Ⅲ.短语填空eq\x(asaresult，maketherightjudgment，dealwith，putforward，onone'sbehalf)1．It'snoteasyforanyoneto____________inemergencies.2．Itendtoacceptanyidea____________byexpertsonTV.3．Mr.Knightcan'tbehere,sohiswifewillaccepttheprize____________.4．Wemusttakepositivestepsto____________theproblem.5．Hemadeonebigmistake,and,____________，losthisjob.Ⅳ.完成句子1．回应谩骂性电子邮件的最好办法就是置之不理。Thebestwayto________________aflameistoignoreit.2．非常荣幸来到这里与大家分享音乐如何影响了我的人生。It'sanhonortobehereandto________________youthestoryofhowmusichashadanimpactonmylife.3．昨天他刚从银行里取了500美元，就被抢劫了。He____________________$500fromabankaccountyesterdaywhenhewasrobbed.4．我们把婚礼提前了两周。Wehave________________________bytwoweeks.5．从房子的窗户可以把通向农场的那条小路尽收眼底。Thelane________________thefarmwasinfullviewofthehousewindows.【能力提升训练】Ⅰ.阅读AAsSimonKindleysides,34,tookhisfirststepintheLondonMarathoninApril,hefeltasifmagicwasintheair.“Aswewerewalkingtowardsthefirstmile,weactuallystartedjoiningalltherunners，”hesaid.“Everyonewasonthestreets,cheering,andthatwasamagicalmoment.”Astimewenton,thecrowdsandotherracersspreadaround.Kindleysidesandhisteamofeightsupporterscontinuedwalking.Kindleysides,whoisparalysed(瘫痪的)fromthewaistdownandtypicallyusesawheelchair,wasequippedwithanexoskeleton(外骨骼)tohelphimwalk.Hissupporterswalkedwithhimtochangethebatteriesinhisexoskeletonsohecouldkeepmoving.In2013,Kindleysideswasdiagnosedwithabraintumour(脑瘤)thatwasgrowinginawaythatpressedoncertainnerves,leadingtohimlosingfeelinginhislegs.Hewastoldhewouldneverwalkagain.Beforehisparalysis,theLondon­basedsingeranddancerhadalwayswantedtorunamarathon,buthenevermadetheplantodoso—untilthisyear.DuringtheLondonMarathon,thelasttwo­mileracewasthehardest.“Atthatpoint,Iwasexhausted.Itwasfreezingcold,andIwashurtingemotionally，”Kindleysidessaid.Buthekeptgoing.“Ididn'twanttoletpeopledown.Ihadateamofeight,andIwasraisingmoneyforTheBrainTumourCharity，”hesaid.“Ididn'twanttoletthemdown,myselfdown,andIthoughtifIwouldgetthisfar,Iwouldhavetocontinue.”SohecontinuedandmadehistoryasthefirstparalysedmantocompletetheLondonMarathononfoot.Then,recoveringathome,hesharedhisaccomplishmentwithhisthreechildren.“TheyusedtosayI'mtheonlydadintheirwholeschoolthat'sinawheelchair,andnowtheysayI'mtheirdad,theonlyonethathaswalkedamarathon，”hesaid.Kindleysidesistrainingtocompletethreemoremarathonsnextyear,includingtheLondonMarathonagain.1．WhydidKindleysides'ssupportersaccompanyhimalltheway?A．Toinspirehimasateam.B．Tohelpchangethebatteries.C．Toguidehimalongtheroad.D．Toassisthimwiththewheelchair.2．WhatcausedKindleysides'sdisability?A．Anaccidentinthepreviousmarathon.B．Anoperationonhisbrainforthetumour.C．Somenervesproducedoutofthetumour.D．Thepressurefromthebraintumouronthenerves.3．WhatpartlysupportedKindleysidestofinishthehardesttwo­milerace?A．Thedeterminationtobeatothers.B．Thestrongdesiretorecover.C．Thekindnesstohelpthecharity.D．Theprizemoneyforthewinner.4．WhatcanwelearnaboutKindleysides?A．Hewasonceasuccessfulactor.B．Hischildrenfeelapityforhiminthewheelchairnow.C．HeisambitiousforjoiningintheLondonMarathononcemore.D．HewasthefirstdisabledmantocompletetheLondonMarathon.BFollowingtheoutbreakofthenovelcoronaviruspneumonia(NCP),alsonamedCOVID­19byWHO,thereisageneralfearoftheunknownvirusasitsfulleffectsremaintobeseen.Fever,coughing,sorethroat,difficultybreathing－theNCP'ssymptomsaresimilartothecommoncoldortheflu,butit'spotentiallymoredangerous.Virusescouldbedeadly,likeHIVandEbola.Butwhatareviruses?Howcantheycausesomuchtrouble?Virusesarenon­livingorganisms(有机体)approximatelyone­millionthofaninchlong.Unlikehumancellsorbacteria,theycan'treproduceontheirown.Instead,theyinvadethecellsoflivingorganismstoreproduce,spreadandtakeover.Virusescaninfecteverylivingthing－fromplantsandanimalsdowntothesmallestbacteria.Forthisreason,theyalwayshavethepotentialtobedangeroustohumanlife.Sometimesaviruscancauseadiseasesoseriousthatitisfatal.Otherviralinfectionstriggernonoticeablereaction.Virusesliearoundourenvironmentallofthetime,waitingforahostcelltocomealong.Theycanenterourbodiesbythenose,mouth,eyesorbreaksintheskin.Onceinside,theytrytofindahostcelltoinfect.Forexample,HIV,whichcausesAIDS,attackstheT­cellsoftheimmunesystem.Butthebasicquestionis,wheredidvirusesfirstcomefrom?Untilnow,noclearexplanationfortheiroriginexists.“Tracingtheoriginsofvirusesisdifficult”，EdRybicki,avirologist(病毒学家)attheUniversityofCapeTowninSouthAfrica,toldScientificAmerican,“becausevirusesdon'tleavefossilsandbecauseofthetrickstheyusetomakecopiesofthemselveswithinthecellsthey'veinvaded.”However,therearethreemainhypotheses(假说)toexplaintheoriginofviruses.First,virusesstartedasindependentorganisms,thenbecameparasites(寄生者).Second,virusesevolvedfrompiecesofDNAorRNAthat“escaped”fromlargerorganisms.Third,virusesco­evolvedwiththeirhostcells,whichmeanstheyexistedalongsidethesecells.Forthetimebeing,theseareonlytheories.Thetechnologyandevidencewehavetodaycannotbeusedtotestthesetheoriesandidentifythemostplausibleexplanation.Continuingstudiesmayprovideuswithcleareranswers.Orfuturestudiesmayrevealthattheanswerisevenmurkier(含糊不清的)thanitnowappears.5．Whatcanwelearnaboutvirusesfromthetext?A．Viruseshavenothingtodowiththecommoncold.B．Virusesarereallysmalllivingorganisms.C．Virusescan'treproduceunlesstheyfindahostcell.D．Virusesenterourbodiesmainlythroughthemouth,noseandhair.6．Whichofthefollowingmightexplaintheoriginofviruses?A．Theyevolvedfromthefossilsoflargeorganisms.B．Theyevolvedfromparasitesintoindependentorganisms.C．TheyevolvedfromtheT­cellsinanimals.D．Theyevolvedalongwiththeirhostcells.7．Theunderlinedword“plausible”inthelastparagraphprobablymeans“________”．A．reasonable B．commonC．creative D．unbelievable8．Whatcanweconcludefromthetext?A．Viruseslivelongerinhumanhostcellsthaninanimals'.B．Viruseswillbecomemorelikebacteriaastheyevolve.C．Itmaytakealongtimetounderstandtheoriginofviruses.D．Theauthorisoptimisticaboutfuturevirusresearch.CFacialexpressionscarrythemeaningsthataredeterminedbysituationsandrelationships.Forexample,inAmericanculturethesmileisingeneralanexpressionofpleasure.Yetitalsohasotheruses.Awoman'ssmileatapoliceofficerdoesnotcarrythesamemeaningasthesmileshegivestoayoungchild.Asmilemayshowloveorpoliteness.Itcanalsohidetruefeelings.Itoftencausesconfusionacrosscultures.Forexample,manypeopleinRussiaconsidersmilingatstrangersinpublictobeunusualandevenimproper.YetmanyAmericanssmilefreelyatstrangersinpublicplaces(althoughthisislesscommoninbigcities).SomeRussiansbelievethatAmericanssmileinthewrongplaces;someAmericansbelievethatRussiansdon'tsmileenough.InSoutheastAsiancultures,asmileisfrequentlyusedtocoverpainfulfeelings.Vietnamesepeoplemaytellasadstorybutendthestorywithasmile.Ourfacesshowemotions(情感),butweshouldnotattemptto“read”peoplefromanothercultureaswewould“read”someonefromourownculture.Thefactthatmembersofoneculturedonotexpresstheiremotionsasopenlyasmembersofanotherdoesnotmeanthattheydonotexperienceemotions.Rather,thereareculturaldifferencesintheamountoffacialexpressionpermitted.Forexample,inpublicandinformalsituationsmanyJapanesedonotshowtheiremotionsasfreelyasAmericansdo.Whenwithfriends,JapaneseandAmericansseemtoshowtheiremotionssimilarly.ItisdifficulttogeneraliseaboutAmericansandtheirfacialexpressivenessbecauseofpersonalandculturaldifferencesintheUnitedStates.PeoplefromcertainculturalbackgroundsintheUnitedStatesseemtobemorefaciallyexpressivethanothers.Thekeyistotrynottojudgepeoplewhosewaysofshowingemotionsaredifferent.Ifwejudgeaccordingtoourownculturalhabits,wemaymakethemistakeof“reading”otherpeopleincorrectly.9．WhatdoesthesmileusuallymeaninAmerica?A．Love. B．Politeness.C．Joy. D．Thankfulness.10．TheauthormentionsthesmileoftheVietnamesetoprovethatsmilecan________.A．showfriendlinesstostrangersB．beusedtohidetruefeelingsC．beusedinthewrongplacesD．showpersonalhabits11．Whatshouldwedobeforeattemptingto“read”people?A．Learnabouttheirrelationswithothers.B．Understandtheirculturalbackgrounds.C．Findoutabouttheirpastexperiences.D．Figureoutwhattheywilldonext.12．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．CulturalDifferencesB．SmilesandRelationshipsC．FacialExpressivenessD．HabitsandEmotionsⅡ.七选五Agoodtrainingpartnercanbeagreatasset(有用的人)toyourtrainingbutifyougetstuckwithabadone,itcouldleadyoudowntheroadtofrustration.__1__Hereareafewthingstolookoutfor：Dependable.Choosesomeonewhoyouaresurewillshowupforeveryscheduledworkoutorwhowillcallyouiftheycan'tmakeit.Itisadrain(消耗)onyourvaluableenergyespeciallybeforetrainingtohavetoconstantlyremindyourpartner.Attitude.Getapartnerwithapositiveattitude.Thisisveryimportant.Iftheyconstantlysaythatsomethingisimpossibleorthattheycan'toryoucan'tdosomething,youmayendupbelievingthem.__2__Openmind.Getapartnerwithanopenmind.Someonewhohastodothingsinhisorherwayallthetime，willnotlistentoyouandwillnotchangehisorhermindisn'tagoodpartner.__3__Theleadershouldtakeintoaccounttheneedsandfeelingsoftheotherpartnernottotallyignoringthem.Spotting.Getsomeoneyoufeelcomfortablewithspottingyou.Oneofthemainrolesofatrainingpartnerisspottingandifyoudon'ttrustthem，there'snotmuchpointinhavingthemaroundtohelp.__4__Ifyouareabeginner，trytofindsomeonewhoknowswhattheyaredoing.Youwillgetmoreoutofyourtrainingthanifyoutrainwithanotherbeginner.Whilethereareanumberofadvantagesofhavingatrainingpartner，therearealsoadvantagesofworkingalone.__5__A．Traininglevel.B．Similarstrengthlevels.C．Beselectivewhenchoosingatrainingpartner.D．Findsomeonewithasimilartraininggoalasyou.E．Ineverypartnership，onepersonwilltendtobetheleader.F．Donottrainwithsomeonewhoissatisfiedwithnoimprovement.G．Intheend，itisreallyuptoyouwhetherornotyouneedatrainingpartner.Ⅲ.语法填空Weallknowcleanwaterisimportantforgoodhealth.Butnowwealsoknowweshouldwatch1.________wekeepourwaterin.Plasticbottleshardenedwithadangerousmaterial2.________(call)BPAcanreleaseachemicalintoourwaterthatharmsourbodies.Since2011,manycountries3.________(ban)companiesfromusingplasticwithBPAinfoodcontainersandbabybottles.Butareothernon­BPAplasticssafe?PlasticlabelledBPA­freemightuseotherchemicalsthathave4.________(harm)healtheffects.5.________(study)haveshownthatlowlevelsofthosechemicalsmighthavethesameeffectsasBPA.So,whatshouldpeopledo?The6.________(good)materialtodrinkfromisglass,7.________hasnochemicalsthatcanpoisonwater.Anothergoodchoice8.________adrinkcontainerisstainlesssteel.Stainlesssteelbottlesarebetterthanaluminumbottles,whicharecoveredwithathinplastic9.________(protect)themetalfromacids.Therearemanygoodfood­gradestainlesssteelwaterbottlesonthemarket.Ifyoudodecidetouseareusableplasticwaterbottle,avoid10.________(keep)itinthesun.Sunlightandhotliquidspeedupthereleaseofchemicalsintoyourdrinkingwater.Ⅳ.概要写作阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Antarcticaisthecenterofimportantscientificresearch.However,withanincreasingnumberofday,scientistshavetoleavetheirworktogreetagroupoftouristswhoaretakingavacationinthiscontinentofice.Eventhoughtheirdesiretoenjoythisvastandbeautifullandscapecanbeappreciated,Antarcticashouldbeclosedtotourists.TouristsinAntarcticacandamagescientificresearchandhurttheenvironment.Whentouristgroupscome,theytakescientistsawayfromtheirresearch.Theworkisdifficultandsomeoftheprojectscanbedamagedbysuchsimplemistakesasopeningthewrongdoororknockingagainstasmallpieceofequipment.Inaddition,touristsinAntarcticacanalsohurttheenvironment.MembersofGreenpeace,oneoftheworld'sleadingenvironmentalorganizations,complaintouristsleavetrashonbeachesanddisturbtheplantsandanimals.InaplaceasfrozenasAntarctica,itcantakeonehundredyearsforaplanttogrowback.TheneedtoprotectAntarcticafromtouristsbecomesevengreaterwhenweconsiderthefactthatthereisnogovernmenthere.Antarcticabelongstonocountry.Whoismakingsurethatthepenguins,plantsandseaaresafe?Nooneisresponsible.ItistruethatthenumberoftouristswhovisitAntarcticaeachyearissmallercomparedtothenumberofthosewhovisitotherplaces.However,theseotherplacesarecontrolledbylocalgovernments.Theyhaveaninterestinprotectingtheirnaturalenvironments.WhoisconcernedabouttheenvironmentofAntarctica?Thescientist,tobesure,butnotnecessarilythetourcompaniesthatmakemoneyfromsendingpeoplesouth.Ifwedon'tprotectAntarcticafromtourism,theremaybeseriousconsequencesforusall.Wemightlosetheresultsofscientificresearchprojects.It'spossiblethattheseresultscouldteachussomethingimportantaboutthecausesandeffectsofclimatechange.Somefragileplantsandanimalsmightdieanddisappearforever.ThiscoulddamagethebalanceofanimalandplantlifeinAntarctica.Weknowfrompastexperiencethatwhenthingsgetunbalanced,harmfulchangescanoccur.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案【基础知识过关】Ⅰ.单词拼写1．withdraw2.violently3.firmly4.negative5．responding6.stamping7.swore8.consequence9．conflictsⅡ.单句语法填空1．recommendation2.negatively3.withdrawal4．explanation5.What6.to7.toadmit8.inⅢ.短语填空1．maketherightjudgment2.putforward3.onhisbehalf4．dealwith5.asaresultⅣ.完成句子1．respondto2.sharewith3.hadjustwithdrawn4.putforwardthewedding5.leadingto【能力提升训练】Ⅰ.阅读A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了残疾人西蒙在参加伦敦马拉松比赛时发生的温暖人心的故事。1．B'细节理解题。由第三段最后一句“Hissupporterswalkedwithhimtochangethebatteriesinhisexoskeletonsohecouldkeepmoving.”可知，他的支持者一直跟着他是为了帮助他更换维持外骨骼运动所需要的电池，故选B。2．D'细节理解题。由第四段第一句“In2013,Kindleysideswasdiagnosedwithabraintumourthatwasgrowinginawaythatpressedoncertainnerves,leadingtohimlosingfeelinginhislegs.”可知，造成他残疾的原因是脑瘤压迫了某些神经，故选D。3．C'细节理解题。由第五段中的“‘Ididn'twanttoletpeopledown.Ihadateamofeight,andlwasraisingmoneyforTheBrainTumourCharity，’hesaid.”可知，支撑他完成最后艰难的两英里的比赛的动力之一就是他为慈善机构筹款的善心，故选C。4．C'推理判断题。根据最后一段“Kindleysidesistrainingtocompletethreemoremarathonsnextyear,includingtheLondonMarathonagain.”可知，他渴望再次参加伦敦马拉松比赛，故选C。B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了关于新型冠状病毒肺炎的传播途径、病毒起源的研究情况。研究表明病毒自身无法传播，是通过宿主细胞来感染的。目前关于病毒起源的解释有三种主要的假说，但都还处于理论阶段。5．C'细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句可知，病毒自身不能繁殖，只有找到宿主细胞才能繁殖，故选C。6．D'细节理解题。第七段是关于病毒起源的三种假说。根据第三种假说可知，研究认为病毒与宿主细胞共同进化，并且与这些细胞共存，故选D。7．A'词义猜测题。根据第七段中“therearethreemainhypotheses(假说)toexplaintheoriginofviruses”以及第八段中“theseareonlytheories”可知，关于病毒的起源，现在都只是处于理论阶段。现在的技术和数据对于病毒的起源还无法做出“合理的”解释。因此可以猜测plausible意思为“合理的”，故选A。8．C'推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可以推断，要找到病毒的起源还需要很长一段时间，故选C。C【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。微笑在不同的文化中是具有不同的含义的。来自不同文化背景的人表达情感的方式不同，所以在跨文化交际中，我们应避免用自己的标准去评判来自其他文化背景的人。9．C'细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“inAmericanculturethesmileisingeneralanexpressionofpleasure”可知，在美国文化中，微笑一般是表达快乐的表情。此处joy是pleasure的同义词。故选C项。10．B'细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Itcanalsohidetruefeelings.Itoftencausesconfusionacrosscultures.”可知，此处提出“微笑可以被用于隐藏真正的情感”这一论点，其后提到越南人讲故事的例子就是为了论证微笑能隐藏真正的情感这一观点。故选B项。11．B'推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Thekeyistotrynottojudgepeoplewhosewaysofshowingemotionsaredifferent.Ifwejudgeaccordingtoourownculturalhabits,wemaymakethemistakeof‘reading’otherpeopleincorrectly.”可知，我们在“读”人们的表情的时候，要先了解他们的文化背景，否则很容易产生误解，故选B项。12．C'主旨大意题。文章围绕面部表情展开，阐述了来自不同文化背景的人表达感情的方式不同，同一面部表情在不同的文化背景中的含义可能不同的观点，所以“面部表情”是文章的主旨，即最佳标题。故选C项。Ⅱ.七选五【语篇解读】本文是说明文。有一个好的训练伙伴是好的，但是要精心挑选这个人。本文告诉你如何选择一个让你满意的训练伙伴。1．C此空位于段落中，起承上启下的作用，它引出下文。前一句“Agoodtrainingpartnercanbeagreatasset(有用的人)toyourtrainingbutifyougetstuckwithabadone,itcouldleadyoudowntheroadtofrustration.(好的训练伙伴对你的训练有帮助，但是如果选择不当就会引领你到令人沮丧的道路。)”可推断，C项：当选择一个训练伙伴时，需要好好挑选。符合题意，引出下文需要注意的事项。故选C。2．F根据上文“Getapartnerwithapositiveattitude.(要找一个有积极态度的伙伴)”和“Iftheyconstantlysaythatsomethingisimp