上海高考英语重点知识单选题100道及答案

上海高考英语重点知识单选题100道及答案1.Theoldmansatinthecorner,______lostinhismemories.A.quietlyB.quickC.suddenD.sharp答案：A解析：这里需要一个副词来修饰动词sat，B、C、D都是形容词，A选项quietly是副词，符合语法要求。2.______youhavemadeapromise,youshouldkeepit.A.BeforeB.OnceC.UntilD.While答案：B解析：once表示“一旦”，引导条件状语从句，符合“许下承诺就应遵守”的逻辑；before意为“在……之前”；until意为“直到”；while意为“当……时候”。3.Thescientistisworkingonaprojectwhichaimstofinda______totheenvironmentalproblem.A.keyB.wayC.methodD.solution答案：D解析：“solutionto...”是固定搭配，表示“……的解决办法”；key常与to搭配，但表示“……的关键”；way和method一般与of搭配。4.ShespeaksEnglishsofluently______shewereanativespeaker.A.asifB.evenifC.althoughD.since答案：A解析：asif引导表语从句时，如果表示与事实不符的情况，要用虚拟语气，这里“她英语说得流利就好像她是本地人”是一种虚拟的情况；evenif意为“即使”；although意为“虽然”；since意为“自从；既然”。5.Thestudentsarelookingforwardto______achancetoexploretheworldoutsidethecampus.A.giveB.begivenC.beinggivenD.havinggiven答案：C解析：lookforwardto中的to是介词，后面接动词的-ing形式，学生是“被给予机会”，所以用动名词的被动形式beinggiven。6.______isknowntoall,Chinaisacountrywithalonghistory.A.ThatB.AsC.ItD.What答案：B解析：as引导非限定性定语从句，可放在句首，指代后面整个句子的内容；that不能引导非限定性定语从句；it作形式主语时，常用句型是“Itisknowntoallthat...”；what引导名词性从句。7.Thenewpolicywillhaveagreat______onthelocaleconomy.A.affectB.effectC.effortD.afford答案：B解析：“haveaneffecton”是固定短语，表示“对……有影响”；affect是动词，意为“影响”；effort意为“努力”；afford意为“负担得起”。8.Heissobusythathehaslittletimeto______himselfinhisfavoritehobby.A.involveB.includeC.containD.engage答案：D解析：“engageoneselfin”表示“使自己从事于，忙于”；involve常用“beinvolvedin”；include意为“包括”；contain意为“包含”。9.Thefilmisso______thatalltheaudiencearedeeplymoved.A.movingB.movedC.moveD.movement答案：A解析：moving用来形容事物“令人感动的”，moved用来形容人“感动的”，这里形容电影，用moving；move是动词，movement是名词。10.I'msorry,butIcan'tfindthebook______youaskedfor.A.whatB.whichC.whoD.whose答案：B解析：这是一个定语从句，先行词是book，指物，在从句中作宾语，用which引导；what不能引导定语从句；who指人；whose表示所属关系。11.Weshouldmakefulluseoftheresources______wehavetodevelopoureconomy.A.whatB.thatC.whereD.when答案：B解析：先行词是resources，指物，在从句中作宾语，可用that或which引导，这里用that；what不能引导定语从句；where在定语从句中作地点状语；when在定语从句中作时间状语。12.Theproblemis______wecangetenoughmoneyinsuchashorttime.A.thatB.whatC.whetherD.if答案：C解析：这里表示“问题是我们是否能在这么短时间内得到足够的钱”，表“是否”且在表语从句中用whether；that在表语从句中无词义；what在表语从句中要作成分；if不能引导表语从句。13.Theteachertoldusthattheearth______aroundthesun.A.wentB.goesC.isgoingD.wasgoing答案：B解析：客观真理要用一般现在时，“地球绕着太阳转”是客观真理，所以用goes。14.______fromthetopofthemountain,thecitylooksverybeautiful.A.SeeingB.SeenC.ToseeD.See答案：B解析：句子主语thecity和see之间是被动关系，用过去分词作状语，所以用seen；seeing表示主动；tosee表示目的；see是动词原形。15.He______beathomenowbecauseIsawhiminthelibraryjustnow.A.mustn'tB.can'tC.needn'tD.shouldn't答案：B解析：can't表示有把握的否定推测，“他现在不可能在家因为我刚才在图书馆看到他了”；mustn't表示禁止；needn't表示不必；shouldn't表示不应该。16.Thereasonwhyhewaslateis______hemissedtheearlybus.A.thatB.becauseC.whatD.how答案：A解析：“Thereasonwhy...isthat...”是固定句型，用that引导表语从句。17.______difficultthetaskmaybe,wemustfinishitontime.A.HoweverB.WhateverC.NomatterwhatD.How答案：A解析：however修饰形容词或副词，“howeverdifficult”表示“无论多么困难”；whatever和nomatterwhat修饰名词；how不能引导让步状语从句。18.Theyoungmanis______tocarrytheheavybox.A.enoughstrongB.strongenoughC.toostrongD.sostrong答案：B解析：“形容词/副词+enoughtodosth.”表示“足够……去做某事”；enough修饰形容词或副词时要后置。19.Idon'tliketheway______hespeakstohisparents.A.whichB.inthatC.whatD.that答案：D解析：当先行词是way，且在定语从句中作方式状语时，可用that或inwhich引导，也可省略。20.Shehastwosons,______aredoctors.A.bothofthemB.bothofwhomC.whobothD.theyboth答案：B解析：这是一个非限定性定语从句，用whom指代先行词sons，“bothofwhom”表示“他们两个都”；A选项没有连接词，不能构成从句；C选项语序错误；D选项没有连接词，不能构成从句。21.Theoldhouse______thefamouswriteroncelivedinisbeingrepaired.A.whichB.whereC.whenD.what答案：A解析：先行词是house，在从句中作宾语，用which引导；where在定语从句中作地点状语；when在定语从句中作时间状语；what不能引导定语从句。22.We'llgoforapicnicifit______tomorrow.A.won'trainB.doesn'trainC.isn'trainingD.didn'train答案：B解析：在if引导的条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来，所以用doesn'train。23.Theboy______alotoftimeplayingvideogameseveryday.A.takesB.costsC.spendsD.pays答案：C解析：“spendtime(in)doingsth.”表示“花费时间做某事”；take常用“Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.”；cost的主语是物；pay常用“payfor”。24.______hewasill,hestillwenttoschool.A.AlthoughB.BecauseC.SinceD.As答案：A解析：although表示“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句，符合“虽然他生病了，但还是去上学了”的逻辑；because和since表示原因；as引导原因状语从句时，一般放在句首。25.Thenumberofthestudentsinourclass______50.A.areB.isC.haveD.has答案：B解析：“thenumberof...”表示“……的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数，所以用is。26.Thebeautifulsceneryinthemountainsreally______me.A.attractedB.attackedC.attachedD.arranged答案：A解析：attract意为“吸引”，“美丽的风景吸引了我”符合语境；attack意为“攻击”；attach意为“附上，连接”；arrange意为“安排”。27.Ihavenoidea______hewillcomeornot.A.thatB.whatC.whetherD.if答案：C解析：“whether...ornot”是固定搭配，表示“是否”，且在同位语从句中只能用whether，不能用if。28.Thegirlwasso______thatshecouldn'tsayawordwhenshesawthefamousstar.A.excitingB.excitedC.exciteD.excitement答案：B解析：excited用来形容人“兴奋的”，exciting用来形容事物“令人兴奋的”；excite是动词，excitement是名词。29.Thebook______bythefamouswriterisverypopularamongstudents.A.writingB.writtenC.towriteD.wrote答案：B解析：book和write之间是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语，所以用written；writing表示主动；towrite表示将来；wrote是过去式，不能作定语。30.Weshouldtryourbesttoprotecttheenvironment______wecanliveinamorebeautifulworld.A.sothatB.inordertoC.becauseD.although答案：A解析：sothat引导目的状语从句，表示“以便，为了”；inorderto后面接动词原形；because引导原因状语从句；although引导让步状语从句。31.Theman______youmetjustnowismyuncle.A.whomB.whoseC.whichD.what答案：A解析：先行词是man，在从句中作宾语，用whom引导；whose表示所属关系；which指物；what不能引导定语从句。32.______isnecessaryforustolearnEnglishwell.A.ThatB.ThisC.ItD.What答案：C解析：“Itis+形容词+forsb.todosth.”是固定句型，it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的todosth.。33.Theteacheraswellashisstudents______interestedinthenewmovie.A.areB.isC.haveD.has答案：B解析：当主语后面有aswellas连接的成分时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致，这里前面的主语是theteacher，是单数，所以用is。34.He______toschoolbybikeeveryday.A.goesB.wentC.isgoingD.hasgone答案：A解析：根据everyday可知，句子用一般现在时，主语是he，动词用第三人称单数形式goes。35.Theproblemis______wecansolveitornot.A.thatB.whatC.whetherD.if答案：C解析：“whether...ornot”表示“是否”，在表语从句中用whether，不用if。36.______abeautifuldayitis!Let'sgoforawalk.A.HowB.WhatC.ThatD.Which答案：B解析：“What+(a/an)+形容词+可数名词单数+其他成分！”是感叹句的一种结构，这里day是可数名词单数，所以用what。37.Thehouse______windowsfacesouthisverybright.A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.where答案：C解析：whose表示所属关系，“whosewindows”表示“房子的窗户”；which和that在定语从句中不能表示所属关系；where在定语从句中作地点状语。38.I'mlookingforwardto______yourletter.A.receiveB.receivingC.havereceivedD.bereceived答案：B解析：“lookforwardto”中的to是介词，后面接动词的-ing形式，所以用receiving。39.Theoldmanhastwodaughters,______arenurses.A.bothofthemB.bothofwhomC.whobothD.theyboth答案：B解析：这是一个非限定性定语从句，用whom指代先行词daughters，“bothofwhom”表示“她们两个都”；A选项没有连接词，不能构成从句；C选项语序错误；D选项没有连接词，不能构成从句。40.Thedoctoradvisedhim______smoking.A.togiveupB.givingupC.giveupD.gaveup答案：A解析：“advisesb.todosth.”表示“建议某人做某事”，所以用togiveup。41.Themovieisso______thatIwanttoseeitagain.A.interestingB.interestedC.interestD.interests答案：A解析：interesting用来形容事物“有趣的”，interested用来形容人“感兴趣的”；interest是名词或动词；interests是第三人称单数形式。42.Thereason______hewasabsentisthathewasill.A.whyB.whichC.thatD.what答案：A解析：先行词是reason，在定语从句中作原因状语，用why引导。43.______youstudyharder,youwon'tpasstheexam.A.IfB.UnlessC.BecauseD.Although答案：B解析：unless表示“除非，如果不”，引导条件状语从句，符合“除非你更努力学习，否则你不会通过考试”的逻辑；if表示“如果”；because表示原因；although表示让步。44.Theboyis______young______gotoschool.A.too;toB.so;thatC.enough;toD.such;that答案：A解析：“too...to...”表示“太……而不能……”；“so...that...”和“such...that...”引导结果状语从句；“enough...to...”表示“足够……去做某事”，但语序是“形容词/副词+enoughtodosth.”。45.Thestudentsarediscussingtheproblem______ingroups.A.livelyB.aliveC.livingD.live答案：A解析：lively意为“活泼的，生动的”，“livelydiscussion”表示“热烈的讨论”；alive意为“活着的”；living意为“活着的，现存的”；live作形容词时意为“活的，现场直播的”。46.Thegirl______redismysister.A.inB.onC.atD.with答案：A解析：“in+颜色”表示“穿着……颜色的衣服”，所以用in。47.Thenews______hewonthefirstprizemadehisparentsveryhappy.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.who答案：A解析：这是一个同位语从句，用that引导，解释说明news的内容，that在从句中不充当成分。48.Theteachertoldustokeepthewindows______toletthefreshairin.A.openB.openedC.closingD.closed答案：A解析：“keep+宾语+形容词”表示“使……保持某种状态”，open在这里是形容词，意为“开着的”；opened是动词的过去式和过去分词；closing是动词的现在分词；closed是形容词，意为“关闭的”。49.Heistheonlyoneofthestudents______hasbeentoParis.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.whom答案：C解析：当先行词被theonlyoneof修饰时，定语从句用that引导，不用who或which；whom在从句中作宾语。50.Thebookisveryuseful.Itisworth______again.A.readingB.toreadC.readD.reads答案：A解析：“beworthdoing”表示“值得做某事”，所以用reading。51.Theoldmanwalkedslowly______hisbadleg.A.becauseB.becauseofC.sinceD.as答案：B解析：becauseof后面接名词或名词短语，“hisbadleg”是名词短语，用becauseof；because、since和as引导原因状语从句。52.______isreportedinthenewspaper,thesportsmeetingwillbeputoff.A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What答案：B解析：as引导非限定性定语从句，可放在句首，指代后面整个句子的内容；it作形式主语时，常用句型是“Itisreportedthat...”；that不能引导非限定性定语从句；what引导名词性从句。53.Thestudentsarerequiredto______therulesoftheschool.A.followB.obeyC.keepD.observe答案：B解析：obey强调服从、遵守规则、命令等，“obeytherules”是常用搭配；follow有跟随、遵循之意，但“followtherules”不如obey正式和常用；keep侧重于保持某种状态；observe侧重于观察、遵守（风俗、仪式等）。54.Theproblemisnot______easy______wecansolveitquickly.A.so;thatB.such;thatC.too;toD.enough;to答案：A解析：“so...that...”引导结果状语从句，“so+形容词/副词+that从句”，表示“如此……以至于……”；such后接名词；“too...to...”表示“太……而不能……”；“enough...to...”表示“足够……去做某事”，但语序是“形容词/副词+enoughtodosth.”。55.Thegirl______nameisLilyismybestfriend.A.whoB.whoseC.whichD.that答案：B解析：whose表示所属关系，“whosename”表示“女孩的名字”；who在定语从句中作主语或宾语，指人；which指物；that在定语从句中可指人或物。56.He______beatworknowbecausehiscarisintheparkinglot.A.mustB.canC.mayD.might答案：A解析：must表示有把握的肯定推测，“他现在肯定在工作因为他的车在停车场”；can通常用于否定或疑问句中的推测；may和might表示可能性较小的推测。57.Theteachergaveus______adviceonhowtolearnEnglishwell.A.anB.manyC.alotD.some答案：D解析：advice是不可数名词，不能用an修饰；many修饰可数名词复数；alot要和of连用才能修饰名词；some可修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词。58.Themoviewesawlastnightwasreally______.Icouldn'thelplaughingallthetime.A.movingB.boringC.funnyD.sad答案：C解析：根据“Icouldn'thelplaughingallthetime”可知电影很有趣，funny意为“有趣的，滑稽的”；moving意为“感人的”；boring意为“无聊的”；sad意为“悲伤的”。59.Thereasonwhyhefailedtheexamis______hedidn'tworkhard.A.thatB.becauseC.whatD.how答案：A解析：“Thereasonwhy...isthat...”是固定句型，用that引导表语从句。60.______youhavefinishedyourhomework,youcangoouttoplay.A.AssoonasB.AlthoughC.UntilD.Unless答案：A解析：assoonas表示“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句，符合“你一完成作业就可以出去玩”的逻辑；although表示让步；until表示“直到”；unless表示“除非，如果不”。61.Thehouse______welivedinlastyearhasbeensold.A.whichB.whereC.whenD.what答案：A解析：先行词是house，在从句中作宾语，用which引导；where在定语从句中作地点状语；when在定语从句中作时间状语；what不能引导定语从句。62.Weshouldmakegooduseofourtime______wecanachieveourgoals.A.sothatB.inordertoC.becauseD.although答案：A解析：sothat引导目的状语从句，表示“以便，为了”；inorderto后面接动词原形；because引导原因状语从句；although引导让步状语从句。63.Thenumberofpeopleinthecity______increasingrapidly.A.areB.isC.haveD.has答案：B解析：“thenumberof...”表示“……的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数，所以用is。64.He______tothepartylastnightbecausehewastoobusy.A.didn'tgoB.hasn'tgoneC.wasn'tgoingD.won'tgo答案：A解析：根据lastnight可知，句子用一般过去时，否定形式用didn't+动词原形。65.Theproblemis______wecanfindagoodsolution.A.thatB.whatC.whetherD.if答案：C解析：这里表示“问题是我们是否能找到一个好的解决办法”，表“是否”且在表语从句中用whether；that在表语从句中无词义；what在表语从句中要作成分；if不能引导表语从句。66.______deliciousthefoodis!I'dlikesomemore.A.HowB.WhatC.ThatD.Which答案：A解析：“How+形容词/副词+其他成分！”是感叹句的一种结构，这里delicious是形容词，所以用how。67.Theman______youtalkedtojustnowisafamousscientist.A.whomB.whoseC.whichD.what答案：A解析：先行词是man，在从句中作宾语，用whom引导；whose表示所属关系；which指物；what不能引导定语从句。68.It'simportantforus______Englishwell.A.learnB.tolearnC.learningD.learned答案：B解析：“Itis+形容词+forsb.todosth.”是固定句型，it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的todosth.。69.Theteacheraswellashisstudents______goingtotheparktomorrow.A.areB.isC.haveD.has答案：B解析：当主语后面有aswellas连接的成分时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致，这里前面的主语是theteacher，是单数，所以用is。70.Thebook______bythefamouswriterisveryinteresting.A.writingB.writtenC.towriteD.wrote答案：B解析：book和write之间是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语，所以用written；writing表示主动；towrite表示将来；wrote是过去式，不能作定语。71.Thegirlwasso______thatshecriedwhensheheardthebadnews.A.sadB.happyC.angryD.excited答案：A解析：根据“shecriedwhensheheardthebadnews”可知女孩很伤心，sad意为“悲伤的”；happy意为“高兴的”；angry意为“生气的”；excited意为“兴奋的”。72.Thereason______heleftisstillamystery.A.whyB.whichC.thatD.what答案：A解析：先行词是reason，在定语从句中作原因状语，用why引导。73.______youworkhard,youwillsucceed.A.AslongasB.AlthoughC.UntilD.Unless答案：A解析：aslongas表示“只要”，引导条件状语从句，符合“只要你努力工作，你就会成功”的逻辑；although表示让步；until表示“直到”；unless表示“除非，如果不”。74.Theboyis______tall______hecanreachtheapplesonthetree.A.so;thatB.such;thatC.too;toD.enough;to答案：A解析：“so...that...”引导结果状语从句，“so+形容词/副词+that从句”，表示“如此……以至于……”；such后接名词；“too...to...”表示“太……而不能……”；“enough...to...”表示“足够……去做某事”，但语序是“形容词/副词+enoughtodosth.”。75.Thestudentsarehavinga______discussionabouttheproblem.A.livelyB.aliveC.livingD.live答案：A解析：lively意为“活泼的，生动的”，“livelydiscussion”表示“热烈的讨论”；alive意为“活着的”；living意为“活着的，现存的”；live作形容词时意为“活的，现场直播的”。76.Theman______glassesisournewteacher.A.withB.inC.onD.at答案：A解析：“with+物品”表示“带着，有着”，“withglasses”表示“戴着眼镜”。77.Thenews______ourteamwonthegamemadeusveryexcited.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.who答案：A解析：这是一个同位语从句，用that引导，解释说明news的内容，that在从句中不充当成分。78.Theteachertoldustokeeptheclassroom______.A.cleanB.cleanedC.cleaningD.toclean答案：A解析：“keep+宾语+形容词”表示“使……保持某种状态”，clean在这里是形容词，意为“干净的”；cleaned是动词的过去式和过去分词；cleaning是动词的现在分词；toclean是动词不定式。79.Heisoneofthestudents______havebeentotheGreatWall.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.whom答案：A解析：先行词是students，指人，在从句中作主语，用who引导；which指物；that在定语从句中可指人或物，但这里用who更合适；whom在从句中作宾语。80.Thebookisveryinteresting.Itisworth______twice.A.readingB.toreadC.readD.reads答案：A解析：“beworthdoing”表示“值得做某事”，所以用reading。81.Theoldmandied______aheartattack.A.becauseB.becauseofC.sinceD.as答案：B解析：becauseof后面接名词或名词短语，“aheartattack”是名词短语，用becauseof；because、since和as引导原因状语从句。82.______isknowntoall,theearthisround.A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What答案：B解析：as引导非限定性定语从句，可放在句首，指代后面整个句子的内容；it作形式主语时，常用句型是“Itisknownthat...”；that不能引导非限定性定语从句；what引导名词性从句。83.Thestudentsaresupposedto______theschoolregulations.A.followB.obeyC.keepD.observe答案：B解析：obey强调服从、遵守规则、命令等，“obeytheregulations”是常用搭配；follow有跟随、遵循之意，但“followtheregulations”不如obey正式和常用；keep侧重于保持某种状态；observe侧重于观察、遵守（风俗、仪式等）。84.Theproblemisnot______difficult______wecan'tsolveit.A.so;thatB.such;thatC.too;toD.enough;to答案：A解析：“so...that...”引导结果状语从句，“so+形容词/副词+that从句”，表示“如此……以至于……”；such后接名词；“too...to...”表示“太……而不能……”；“enough...to...”表示“足够……去做某事”，但语序是“形容词/副词+enoughtodosth.”。85.Thegirl______Imetinthestreetismyclassmate.A.whoB.whoseC.whichD.that答案：A解析：先行词是girl，指人，在从句中作宾语，用who引导；whose表示所属关系；which指物；that在定语从句中可指人或物，但这里用who更合适。86.He______beathomenowbecausehislightsareon.A.mustB.canC.mayD.might答案：A解析：must表示有把握的肯定推测，“他现在肯定在家因为他的灯亮着”；can通常用于否定或疑问句中的推测；may和might表示可能性较小的推测。87.Theteachergaveus______usefulinformation.A.anB.manyC.alotD.some答案：D解析：information是不可数名词，不能用an修饰；many修饰可数名词复数；alot要和of连用才能修饰名词；some可修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词。88.Themoviewewatchedyesterdaywasreally______.Ifellasleephalfway.A.movingB.boringC.funnyD.sad答案：B解析：根据“Ifellasleephalfway”可知电影很无聊，boring意为“无聊的”；moving意为“感人的”；funny意为“有趣的，滑稽的”；sad意为“悲伤的”。89.Thereasonwhyhewaslateis______therewasatrafficjam.A.thatB.becauseC.whatD.how答案：A解析：“Thereasonwhy...isthat...”是固定句型，用that引导表语从句。90.______youfinishyourwork,youcantakeabreak.A.AssoonasB.AlthoughC.UntilD.Unless答案：A解析：as