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2024年高考英语真题完全解读(新高考全国卷I)

适用省份山东、河北、江苏、福建、湖北、湖南、广东、浙江、

安徽、山西、吉林、黑龙江、云南、河南

试卷总评

段落话题轮数词数用时语速

Text1感谢与告别24117”144词/分

Text2回忆婚礼时播放的歌曲12814”120词/分

Text3为朋友没来艺术展而感到遗憾128⑵140词/分

Text4变更家具送货的安排23312,,165词/分

Text5赶火车误点,咨询下一列火车23414”145词/分

Text6极端天气的风险和应对措施4.59040”135词/分

Text7朋友间分享生活和家人近况414354”165词/分

Text8上学方式的变化与影响2.516359”165词/分

Text9讨论园片看好种植恭菜和社友媒体分享4200ri5M160词/分

Text10介绍体育作家生平和成就13657”143词/分

语篇话题体裁词数

阅读理199+68

人与社会;栖息地修复工作队志愿者招募应用文易

解A=267

阅读理人与社会:美国兽美采用西医结合的方式治疗动夹叙夹296+107=

解B物议文403

阅读理人与社会:阐述了对纸质阅读与数字阅读(可视339+145=

说明文中

解C化学习)的研究成果484

阅读理358+102=

人与自然:现代生物采样数据的科学性说明文难

解D460

阅读七夹叙夹259+

人与自我:使用词展的经验、心得与乐趣中

选五汉文54=313

完形填

人与自我:设定适合自己的目标汜叙文238中

语法填人与社会:英国“丝绸之路璃温室花园”的整体设

说明文238难

空计以及其新建成的玻璃温室

书面表

人与自我;公园里的美术课应用文80左右中

读后续

人与社会:与出租车司机的诚信之约汜叙文150左右中

本试卷共10页,满分150分。考试用时150分钟。

考生注意:

1.答题前,请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔分别填写

在试题卷和答题纸规定的位置上。

2.答题时,请按照答题纸上“注意事项”的要求,在答题纸相应的位置上规范作答,

在本试题卷上的作答一律无效。

第一部分听力(共两节,满分3。分)

做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷

上的答案转涂到答题纸上。

第一节(共5小题;每小题L5分,满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中

选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读

下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

试卷第2页,共27页

例:Howmuchistheshirt?

A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.

答案是C。

1.WhatisKaledoing?

A.Boardingaflight.B.Arrangingatrip.C.Seeingafriendoff.

2.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.Apopstar.B.Anoldsong.C.Aradioprogram.

3.Whaiwillthespeakersdotoday?

A.Gotoanartshow.B.Meettheman'saunt.C.EatoutwithMark.

4.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?

A.Cancelanorder.B.Askforareceipt.C.Rescheduleadelivery.

5.WhenwillthenexttraintoBedfordleave?

A.At9:45.B.At10:15.C.At11:00.

第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、

C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,

每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读

两遍。

听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。

6.Whatwilliheweatherbeliketoday?

A.Stormy.B.Sunny.C.Foggy.

7.Whatisthemangoingtodo?

A.Plantatree.B.Movehiscar.C.Checkthemap.

听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。

8.WhyisKathyinCalifornianow?

A.Sheisonvacationthere.B.Shehasjustmovedthere.C.Sheisdoingbusiness

there.

9.WhatistherelationshipbetweenTomandFiona?

A.Husbandandwife.B.Brotherandsister.C.Fatheranddaughter.

10.WhaldoesKathythankDavefor?

A.Findingheranewjob.B.Sendingherapresent.C.Callingonhermother.

听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。

II.HowdidJackgotoschoolwhenhewasachild?

A.Bybike.B.Onfoot.C.Bybus.

12.WhatisJack'sattitudetowardparentsdrivingtheirkidstoschool?

A.Disapproving.B.Encouraging.C.Understanding.

13.Whatistheproblemwithsomeparentsaccordingtothewoman9

A.Overprotectingtheirchildren.

B.Pushingiheirchildrenloohard.

C.Havingnotimeibriheirchildren.

听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。

14.WhydidMariepostherkitchengardeningonlineatfirst?

A.Tokeeprecordsofherprogress.

B.Tosellhome-grownvegelabks.

C.Tomotivateherfellowgardeners.

15.WhydoesMarierecommendbeginnerslogrowstrawberries?

A.Theyneednospecialcare.B.Theycanbeusedincooking.C.Theybearalolof

fruitsoon.

16.WhatisdifficultforMarietogrow?

A.Herbs.B.Carrots.C.Pears.

17.WhatisMarie'sadvicetothoseinterestedinkitchengardening?

A.Aimhigh.B.Keepfocused.C.Stayoptimistic.

听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。

18.Whatis"LifeofJohnson**?

A.Amagazinecolumn.B.ATVseries.C.Ahistoricalnovel.

19.WhaiisJohnsonfamousfor9

A.Hisactingtalent.B.Hishumorouswriting.C.Hislongsportscareer.

20.WhendidJohnsonjoinSportsTimes?

A.In1981.B.In1983.C.In1985.

试卷第4页,共27页

第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

HABITATRESTORATIONTEAM

HelprestoreandprotectMarin'snaturalareasfromtheMarinHeadlandsioBolinasRidge.We'll

explorebeautifulparksiteswhileconductinginvasive(侵入的)plantremoval,winterplanting,

andseedcollection.HabitatRestorationTeamvolunteersplayavilalroleinrestoringsensitive

resourcesandprotectingendangeredspeciesacrosstheridgesandvalleys.GROUPS

Groupsoffiveormorerequirespecialarrangementsandmustbeconfirmedinadvance.Please

reviewtheListofAvailableProjectsandfillouttheGroupProjectRequestForm.AGE,SKILLS,

WHATTOBRING

Volunteersaged10andoverarewelcome.ReadourYouthPolicyGuidelinesforyouth

undertheageof15.

BringyourcompletedVb'unteerAgreementForm.Volunteersundertheageof18must

havetheparent/guardianapprovalsectionsigned.

We'llbeworkingrainorshine.Wearclothesthatcangeldirty.Bringlayersforchanging

weatherandaraincoatifnecessary.

Bringapersonalwaterbcttle,sunscreen,andlunch.

Noexperiencenecessary.Trainingandlooiswillbeprovided.Fulfills(满足)communiiyservice

requirements.UPCOMINGEVENTS

TimeMeetingLocation

Sunday,Jan.1510:00am—1:00pmBalleryAlexanderTrailhetd

Sunday,Jan.2210:(X)am—2:30pmStinsonBeachParkingLot

Sunday,Jan.299:30am—2:30pinCoyoteRidgeTrailhead

I.WhatistheaimoftheHabitatRestorationTeam?

A.Todiscovermineralresources.B.Todevelopnewwildlifeparks.

C.Toprotectthelocalecosystem.D.Toconductbiologicalresearch.

2.WhatistheloweragelimitforjoiningtheHabitatRestorationT^arn?

A.5.B.10.C.15.D.18.

3.Whatarc(hevolunteersexpectedtodo?

A.Bringtheirowntools.B.Workeveninbadweather.

C.Wearateamuniform.D.Doatleastthreeprojects.

语篇解读

键HabitatRestorationTeam,volunteers

旨本文是•篇应用文,介绍了•个生物栖息地修复工作队的工作内容和招募志愿者的相

概关信息和要求。

语言知识

文选自GoldenGateNationalParksConservancy网站一篇名为HabitatRestorationTeam

出的文章。/programs/habitat-restoration-tcam

habitatn(动植物的)生活地,栖息地;restorationn修复,恢复;

restorev修复,恢复,使复原;

removaln移除,移走,除去;

endangeredadj濒临灭绝的,濒危的;

confirmv确认:

reviewv查看,检查:

guardiann监护人;

试卷第6页,共27页

layern层(此处代指“衣服”);

sunscreenn防晒霜:

upcomingadj即将来临/发生的

重playavitalrolein在...中起着极其重要的作用:sensitiveresources敏感的/易受影

难响的/需特别保护的资源:

点inadvance提前:

词fillout...form填写...表:

块rainorshine[习语]不论天气好坏,风雨无阻

“1amnotcrazy,”saysDrWilliamEarber,shortlyafterperformingacupuncture(针灸)ona

rabbit.4iamaheadofmytime/'ifheseemsalittledefensive,itmightbebecauseevensomeof

hiscoworkersoccasionallylaugha(hisunusualmethods.ButFarberiscertainhe'llhavethelast

laugh.He'soneofasmallbutgrowingnumberofAmericanveterinarians(兽医)nowpracticing

tlholistic^^medicine-combiningtraditionalWesterntreatmentswithacupuncture,chiropractic(按

摩疗法)andherbalmedicine.

Farber,agraduateofColoradoStateUniversity,startedoutasamoreconvenrional

veterinarian.Hebecameinterestedinalternativetreatments20yearsagowhenhesufferedfrom

terriblebackpain.Hetriedmuscle-relaxingdrugsbu(foundlittlerelief.Thenhetriedacupuncture,

anancientChinesepractice,andwasamazedthatheimprovedaftertwoorthreetreatments.What

workedonaveterinarianseemedlikelytoworkonhispatients.So,afterstudyingthetechniques

foracoupleofyears,hebeganoffering(hemtopets.

LeighTindalc'sdogCharliehadaseriousheartcondition.AfterCharliehadaheartattack,

Tindalcsays,shewaspreparedtoputhimtosleep,butFarber'streatmentseasedherdog's

sufferingsomuchthatshewasabletokeephimaliveforanadditionalfivemonths.AndPriscilla

Dewingreportsthatherhorse.Nappy,“movesmoreeasilyandridesmorecomfbrtably^^aftera

chiropracticadjustment.

Farberiscertain(hattheholisticapproachwillgrowmorepopularwithtime,andifthepast

isanyindication,hemayberight:Since1982.membershipintheAmericanHolisticVeterinary

MedicalAssociationhasgrownfrom30toover700.“Sometimesitsurprisesmethatitworksso

well/*hesays."Iwilldoanythingtohelpananimal.That'smyjob.”

4.WhatdosomeofFarber'scoworkersthinkofhim?

A.He'sodd.B.He,sstrict.C.He'sbrave.D.He'srude.

5.WhydidFarberdecidetotryacupunctureonpets?

A.Hewastrainedinitatuniversity.B.Hewasinspiredbyanotherveterinarian.

C.Hebenefitedfromi(asapaiicnt.D.Hewantedtosavemoneyforpctowners.

6.Whatdocsparagraph3mainlytalkabout?

A.Stepsofachiropractictreatment.B.Thecomplexityofveterinarians'work.

C.Examplesofrareanimaldiseases.D.Theeffectivenessofholisticmedicine.

7.Whydoestheauthormention(heAmericanHolisticVeterinaryMedicalAssociation?

A.ToproveFarber'spoint.B.Toemphasizeitsimportance.

C.Topraiseveterinarians.D.Toadvocateanimalprotection.

语篇解读

关键词holisticmedicine,veterinarian,ancientChinesepractice

主旨概木文是一篇夹叙夹议文。兽医WiHiamFarber奉行中西医结合的整体医学疗法,

要用针灸、按摩等方式治疗动物并取得了良好疗效。

原文出本文节选自HeroesoftheEnvironment:TrueStoriesofPeopleWhoHelpProtectOur

处Planet(NRDC)一书,作者是HarrietRohmer。

语言知识

defensiveadj存有戒心的;occasionallyadv偶尔,句时;

practicev实行,奉行/n惯常做法;

重难点holisticadj[医学术语]功能整体性的;

词块holisticmedicine整体医学;

graduaten(大学)毕业生;

conventionaladj传统的:

试卷第8页,共27页

reliefn(痛苦等的)减轻;

conditionn疾病;

easev(使)减轻;

sufferingn疼痛:

approachn方法;

indicationn迹象;

membershipn会员数;

advocatev提倡

aheadofone'stime(观念)超前:havethelastlaugh笑到最后,取得最后胜利;

herbalmedicine草药疗法:

重点短startoutas起初是{某身份);

语analternativetreatment替代疗法:

ahcancoiidiiion心脏病:

put...tosleep给(患病动物)实施安乐死

c

Iscomprehensionthesamewhetherapersonreadsatextonscreenoronpaper?Andarc

listeningtoandviewingconcernaseffectiveasreadingthewrittenwordwhencoveringthesame

material?Theanswerstobothcucstionsarcoften“no”.Thereasonsrelatetoavarietyoffactors,

includingreducedconcentration,anentertainmentmindset(心态)andatendencytomultitask

whileconsumingdigitalcontent.

Whenreadingtextsofseveralhundredwordsormore,learningisgenerallymoresuccessful

whenit'sonpaperthanonscreen.Alargeamountofresearchconfinnsthisfinding.Thebenefits

ofprintreadingparticularlyshineihroughwhenexperimentersmovefromposingsimple(asks-

likeidentifyingthemainideainareadingpassage-toonesthatrequirementalabstraction

suchasdrawinginferencesfromatext.

Thediftcrcnccsbetweenprintanddigitalreadingresultsarcpartlyrelatedtopaper's

physicalproperties.Withpaper,thereisaliterallayingonofhands,alongwiththevisual

geographyofdistinctpages.Peopleoftenlink(heirmemoryofwhatthey'vereadtohowfarinto

thebookitwasorwhereitwason(hepage.

Butequallyimportantisthementalaspect.ReadingresearchershaveproposedaIheory

called“shallowinghypothesis(假说)Accordingtothistheory,peopleapproachdigitaltextswith

amindsetsuitedtosocialmedia,whichareoftennotsoserious,anddevotelessmentaleffortthan

whentheyarereadingprint.

Audio(音频)andvideocanfeelmoreengagingthantext,andsouniversityteachers

increasinglyturntothesetechnologies—say,assigninganonlinetalkinsteadofanarticlebythe

sameperson.However,psychologistshavedemonstratedthatwhenadultsreadnewsstories,they

remembermoreofthecontentthaniftheylistentoorviewidenticalpieces.

Digitaltexts,audioandvideoallhaveeducationalroles,especiallywhenproviding

resourcesnotavailableinprint.However,formaximizinglearningwherementalfocusand

reflectionarecalledfor,educatorsshouldn'tassumeallmediaarethesame,evenwhenthey

containidenticalwords.

8.Whatdocs(heunderlinedphrase“shinethrough^^inparagraph2mean?

A.Seemuni汰clytolast.B.Seemhardtoexplain.

C.Becomereadytouse.D.Becomeeasytonotice.

9.Whatdoestheshallowinghypothesisassume?

A.Readerstreatdigitaltextslightly.B.Digitaltextsaresimplertounderstand.

C.Peopleselectdigitaltextsrandomly.D.Digitaltextsaresuitableforsocialmedia.

10.Whyareaudioandvideoincreasinglyusedbyuniversityteachers?

A.Theycanholdsiudenis'anenuon.B.Theyaremoreconvenient(oprepare.

C.Theyhelpdevelopadvancedskills.D.Theyaremoreinformative(hantext.

11.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?

A.Studentsshouldapplymultiplelearningtechniques.

B.Teachersshouldproducetheirownteachingmaterial.

C.Printtextscannotbeentirelyreplacedineducation.

D.Educationoutsidetheclassroomcannotbeignored.

语篇解读

试卷第10页,共27页

键printreading,digitalreading

旨本文是一篇说明文,作者介绍了纸质阅读与数字阅读(可视化学习)在理解和记忆方面

概的优劣,强调纸质阅读对于深度学习和记忆的重要性。

原本文来自美利坚大学语言学荣休教授NaomiS.Baron(内奥米S巴伦)的一篇名为Why

文weremembermorebyreading-especiallyprint-thanfromaudioorvideo的文章

出littps://librar>'/why-we-remember-more-by-reading-especially-print-than-fr

处om-audio-or-video/

语言知识

comprehensionn理解(力):onscreenadv在屏幕上:

viewv[名词动化]看:

contentn内容;

coverv[熟词生义]涉及,处理:

factorn因素:

concentrationn专心,专注:

entertainmentn消遣,娱乐:

multitaskv同时执行多项任务;

consumev消费,消耗:

confirmv证实:

printn[熟词生义]印刷品,出版物:

experimentern实验员;

posev[熟词生义]提出:

identifyv识别,找到:

mentaladj思考的,思想的,精神的;

abstractionn抽象;

physicaladj物理(学)的;

propertyn[熟词生义]性质,特性;

literaladj确确实实的,真实的;

visualadj视觉的;

geographyn[熟词生义]方局;

distinctadj不同的;

aspectn方面;

proposev提出;

shallowv变浅;

approachv处理,对待;

seriousadj严肃的,需认真思考的;

engagingadj有吸引力的,有趣的;

sayv[熟词生义]比方说;

assignv布置:

demonstratev证明;

identicaladj完全相同的;

piecen[熟词生义]文章,报道;

rolen[熟词生义]作用;

availableadj可获得的;

maximizev使增加到最大限度,使最大化;

reflectionn反思,深思;

assumev认为,假定,假设:

randomlyadv随机地;

informativeadj提供有用信息的;

implyv暗指;

applyv运用:

multipleadj多种的

techniquen技巧:

producev制作

试卷第12页,共27页

relateto涉及,与...相关;avarietyof各种各样的;

atendencytodosth做某事的倾向;

shinethrough表现明显;

drawinferencesfrom从...中推断出结论;

berelatedto与...有关;

physicalproperties物理特性;

alongwith与...一起;

link...to…将...同联系起来;

(be)suitedto适合...;

mentaleffort脑力,心力;

inprint已刊印,已出版;

mentalfocus精神集中:

callfor需要;

treatsthlightly对待某事持轻松的态度;

holdsb'sattention保持某人的注意力;

developadvancedskills培养高级技能

1.Thebenefitsofprintreadingparticularlyshinethroughwhenexperimentersmovefrom

posingsimpletaskslikeidentifyingthemainideainareadingpassage-toonesthat

requirementalabstraction-suchasdrawinginferencesfromatext.【翻译】当实验人员从

提出简单的任务,如找到阅读文章的主旨,转向需要抽象思维的任务,如从文本中推断

长出结论时,纸质阅读的好处尤为明显。

难【分析】本句中when引导时间状语从句,从句谓语为move,likeidentifyingthemainidea

句inareadingpassage和suchasdrawinginferencesfromatext分别补充说明simpletasks

分和ones(hatrequiremenialabstractiona

析2.Accordingtothistheory,peopleapproachdigitaltextswithamindsetsuitedtosocial

media,whichareoftennotsoserious,anddevotelessmentaleffortthanwhentheyare

readingprint.

【翻译】根据这一理论,人们对待数字文本的态度与对待社交媒体的态度相当,社交媒

体通常不那么严肃,相比纸质阅读,人们投入的脑力要少。

【分析】suitedtosocialmedia作后置定语修饰mindset,which引导的非限制性定语从

句,修饰先行词socialmedia,and连接.主句并列的谓语approach和devote。

IntheracetodocumentthespeciesonEarthbeforetheygoextinct,researchersandcitizen

scientistshavecollectedbillionsofrecords.Today,mostrecordsofbiodiversityareofteninthe

formofphotos,videos,andotherdigitalrecords.Thoughtheyareusefulfordetectingshiftsinthe

numberandvarietyofspeciesiranarea,anewStanfordstudyhasfoundthatthistypeofrecordis

notperfect.

“Withtheriseoftechnologyitiseasyforpeopletomakeobservationsofdifferentspecies

withtheaidofamobileapplication/'saidBarnabasDaru,whoisleadauthorofthestudyand

assistantprofessorofbiologyintheStanfordSchoolofHumanitiesandSciences."These

observationsnowoutnumbertheprimarydatathatcomesfromphysicalspecimens(标本),and

sinceweareincreasinglyusingobservationaldatatoinvestigatehowspeciesarerespondingto

globalchange,Iwantedtoknow:Aretheyusable?”

Usingaglobaldatasetof1.9billionrecordsofplants,insects,birds,andanimals,Daruand

histeamtestedhowwellthesedatarepresentactualglobalbiodiversitypatterns.

“Wewereparticularlyinterestedinexploringtheaspectsofsamplingthattendtobias(使有

偏差)data,likethegreaterlikelihoodofacitizenscientisttotakeapictureofafloweringplant

insteadofthegrassrightnexttoit,“saidDaru.

Theirstudyrevealedthatthelargenumberofobservation-onlyrecordsdidnotleadtobetter

globalcoverage.Moreover,thesedataarebiasedandfavorcertainregions,timeperiods,and

species.Thismakessensebecausethepeoplewhogetobservationalbiodiversitydataonmobile

devicesareoftencitizenscientistsrecordingtheirencounterswithspeciesinareasnearby.These

dataarealsobiasedtowardcertainspecieswithattractiveoreye-catchingfeatures.

Whatcanwedowiththeimperfectdatasetsofbiodiversity?

“Quilcalul/'Daruexplained.4tBiodivcrsilyappscanuseOLIstudyresultsloiiifoim

ofoversampledareasandleadthemtoplaces-andevenspecies—thatarenotwell-sampled.To

improvethequalityofobservationaldata,biodiversityappscanalsoencourageuserstohavean

expertconfirmtheidentificationoftheiruploadedimage.”

试卷第14页,共27页

12.Whatdoweknowabouttherecordsofspeciescollectednow?

A.Theyarebecomingoutdated.B.Theyaremostlyinelectronicform.

C.Theyarelimitedinnumber.D.Theyareusedtorpublicexhibition.

13.WhatdoesDaru'sstudyfbcuson?

A.Threatenedspecies.B.Physicalspecimens.

C.Observationaldata.D.Mobileapplications.

14.Whathasledtothebiasesaccordingtothestudy?

A.Mistakesindataanalysis.B.Poorqualityofuploadedpictures.

C.Improperwayofsampling.D.Unreliabledatacollectiondevices.

15.WhatisDaru'ssuggestionforbiodiversityapps?

A.Reviewdatafromcertainareas.B.Hireexpertstochecktherecords.

C.Confirmtheidentityoftheusers.D.Giveguidancetocitizenscientists

语篇解读

键biodiversity,species,sample,data,bias

旨本文是一篇说明文。研究人员发现,当前利用技术手段进行生物采样的过程可能存在偏

概差,分析了造成这些偏差的原因,并在最后说明如何完善生物采样数据的科学性。

生物标本能够提供世界范围内生物多样性、分类和历史分布的信息。这些标本信息与空

百间、环境等数据相结合可用于支撑广泛的研究课题,为生物多样性保护、制定濒危物种

科保护政策、构建国家生态安全和生物安全休系提供科学依据和详实凭证。20世纪中叶

知以来,计算机技术使得人i口可以对标本及其相关信息进行大规模数字化处理,从而促进

识了生物多样性研究的快速发展。这些数据对于迅速跟踪全球气候和环境变化、实现生物

物种多样性的鉴定和动态监测、服务政府和科研机构决策等均具有重要的现实意义。

节选自斯坦福大学网站2023年5月1日名为Comparisonofspecimensandfield

observationsrevealsbiasesinbiodiversitydata的文章

/stories/2023/05/study-examinesbiases-coverage-gaps-biodiversity-d

ata#:-:(ex(=In%20(he%20race%20to%20document%20the%20species%20on,numbcr%20an

d%20abundance%20of%20spccics%20in%20an%20arca.

语言知识

documentv[学术词]记录,记载;detectv[学术词]发现;

shiftn[学术词]改变;

varietyn多样性:

重applicationn应用程序(缩写为app):

难primaryadjf学术词]原始的,最初的:

点invesiigaiev[学术词]研究:

词revealv[学术词]揭示;

汇favorv更倾向于;

devicen[学术词]设备:

encountern[学术词]相遇:

featuren[学术词]特征

goextinct灭绝;citizenscientist民间科学家;

intheformof以的形式;

withtheriseof随着...的兴起;

重withtheaidof借助于...;

难leadauthor第一作者;

点assistantprofessor助理教授:

词respondto对...作出反应;

埃tendtodosth易于做某事:

makesense说得通,有道理;

informsbofsth告知某人某事;

belimitedinnumber数量有限

试卷第16页,共27页

派生词:biodiversityn生物多样性(bio-+diversity);

observationn观察(observe+-ation):

humanityn人类(human+-ity);

outnumberv比多(out-+number);

observationaladj观察的(observation+-al);

usableadj可用的,适用的(use+-able);

samplingn(选取的有代表性的)样本(sample+-ing);likelihoodn可能(性)(likely+

-hood);

派floweringadj开花的,有花的(flower+-ing);

生coveragen覆盖范围(cover+-age);

词imperfectadj不完美的(im-+perfect);

、oversampledadj过度采样的(over-+sample+-ed);identificationn身份(identify+

合-ication);

成uploadedadj已上传的(upload+-ed);

词outdatedadj过时的(out-+date+-ed);

threatenedadj受到威胁的,感到危险的(threaten+-ed);

improperadj不当的,错误的(im-+proper);

unreliableadj不可靠的(un-+reliable);

guidancen指导(guide+-ance)

合成词:

datasetn数据集(data+set);

eye-catchingadj抢眼的,引人注目的(eye+catch+-ing);

well-sampledadj充分采栏的(well+sample+-ed)

1.TheseobservationsnowoutnumbertheprimarydataIhatcomesfromphysicalspecimens,

andsinceweareincreasinglyusingobsenationaldalatoinvestigatehowspeciesare

respondingtoglobalchange,Iwantedtoknow:Aretheyusable?[翻译]现在,这些观察

结果的数量超过了来自实物标本的原始数据,而由于我们越来越多地使用观察数据来研

究物种如何应对全球变化,我想知道:这些观察数据可靠吗?

【分析】本句是一个并列句,前半句中的ihal作关系代词引导定语从句,修饰先行词

theprimaiydata;后半句中的since引导原因状语从句,how引导宾语从句作investigate

的宾语。

2.Usingaglobaldatasetof1.9billionrecordsofplants,insects,birds,andanimals,Daruand

histeamtestedhowwellthesedatarepresentactualglobalbiodiversitypatterns.

【翻译】Daru和他的团队使用/一个包含19亿条植物、昆虫、鸟类和动物记录的全球

数据集,测试这些数据在多大程度上代表了实际的全球生物多样性模式。

【分析】Usingaglobaldataset…为分词短语作状语,how引导宾语从句作test的宾语。

3.Thismakessensebecausethepeoplewhogetobservationalbiodiversitydataonmobile

devicesareoftencitizenscientistsrecording(heirencounterswithspeciesinareasnearby.

【第译】这是有道理的,因为民间科学家经常通过移动设备获取生物多样性观察数据,

他们记录的是在附近地区接触到的物种。

【分析】because引导原因状语从句,who引导定语从句修饰先行词ihepeople,

recording...nearby为分词短语作后置定语,修饰citizen

scientists0

第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)

阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有

两项为多余选项。

Notallgreatwritersaregreatspellers.Ifyouwanttobepublished,it'svitaltosubmita

perfect,professionallypresentedmanuscript(原稿).16Noeditorislikelytotoleratea

writerwhodoesnottakethetroubletospellwordscorrectly.

Ikeeptworeferencebooksclose-byonmydesk:dictionaryandthesaurus(同义词词典).I

don'ttrustmylaptop'sspellchecker.17Ofcourse,thesedaysthereareplentyofonline

dictionariesandthesauruses,butI'mold-fashionedenoughtopreferahardcoverandpagesIcan

leafthroughwithmyfingers.IusetheConciseOxfordDictionaryandtheCollinsThesaurus.

18Itshouldgiveyouaprecisedefinitionofeachword,

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