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2024年高考英语真题完全解读(新高考全国卷I)
适用省份山东、河北、江苏、福建、湖北、湖南、广东、浙江、
安徽、山西、吉林、黑龙江、云南、河南
试卷总评
段落话题轮数词数用时语速
Text1感谢与告别24117”144词/分
Text2回忆婚礼时播放的歌曲12814”120词/分
Text3为朋友没来艺术展而感到遗憾128⑵140词/分
Text4变更家具送货的安排23312,,165词/分
Text5赶火车误点,咨询下一列火车23414”145词/分
Text6极端天气的风险和应对措施4.59040”135词/分
Text7朋友间分享生活和家人近况414354”165词/分
Text8上学方式的变化与影响2.516359”165词/分
Text9讨论园片看好种植恭菜和社友媒体分享4200ri5M160词/分
Text10介绍体育作家生平和成就13657”143词/分
难
语篇话题体裁词数
度
阅读理199+68
人与社会;栖息地修复工作队志愿者招募应用文易
解A=267
阅读理人与社会:美国兽美采用西医结合的方式治疗动夹叙夹296+107=
中
解B物议文403
阅读理人与社会:阐述了对纸质阅读与数字阅读(可视339+145=
说明文中
解C化学习)的研究成果484
阅读理358+102=
人与自然:现代生物采样数据的科学性说明文难
解D460
阅读七夹叙夹259+
人与自我:使用词展的经验、心得与乐趣中
选五汉文54=313
完形填
人与自我:设定适合自己的目标汜叙文238中
空
语法填人与社会:英国“丝绸之路璃温室花园”的整体设
说明文238难
空计以及其新建成的玻璃温室
书面表
人与自我;公园里的美术课应用文80左右中
达
读后续
人与社会:与出租车司机的诚信之约汜叙文150左右中
写
本试卷共10页,满分150分。考试用时150分钟。
考生注意:
1.答题前,请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔分别填写
在试题卷和答题纸规定的位置上。
2.答题时,请按照答题纸上“注意事项”的要求,在答题纸相应的位置上规范作答,
在本试题卷上的作答一律无效。
第一部分听力(共两节,满分3。分)
做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷
上的答案转涂到答题纸上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题L5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中
选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读
下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
试卷第2页,共27页
例:Howmuchistheshirt?
A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.
答案是C。
1.WhatisKaledoing?
A.Boardingaflight.B.Arrangingatrip.C.Seeingafriendoff.
2.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?
A.Apopstar.B.Anoldsong.C.Aradioprogram.
3.Whaiwillthespeakersdotoday?
A.Gotoanartshow.B.Meettheman'saunt.C.EatoutwithMark.
4.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?
A.Cancelanorder.B.Askforareceipt.C.Rescheduleadelivery.
5.WhenwillthenexttraintoBedfordleave?
A.At9:45.B.At10:15.C.At11:00.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、
C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,
每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读
两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.Whatwilliheweatherbeliketoday?
A.Stormy.B.Sunny.C.Foggy.
7.Whatisthemangoingtodo?
A.Plantatree.B.Movehiscar.C.Checkthemap.
听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
8.WhyisKathyinCalifornianow?
A.Sheisonvacationthere.B.Shehasjustmovedthere.C.Sheisdoingbusiness
there.
9.WhatistherelationshipbetweenTomandFiona?
A.Husbandandwife.B.Brotherandsister.C.Fatheranddaughter.
10.WhaldoesKathythankDavefor?
A.Findingheranewjob.B.Sendingherapresent.C.Callingonhermother.
听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。
II.HowdidJackgotoschoolwhenhewasachild?
A.Bybike.B.Onfoot.C.Bybus.
12.WhatisJack'sattitudetowardparentsdrivingtheirkidstoschool?
A.Disapproving.B.Encouraging.C.Understanding.
13.Whatistheproblemwithsomeparentsaccordingtothewoman9
A.Overprotectingtheirchildren.
B.Pushingiheirchildrenloohard.
C.Havingnotimeibriheirchildren.
听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。
14.WhydidMariepostherkitchengardeningonlineatfirst?
A.Tokeeprecordsofherprogress.
B.Tosellhome-grownvegelabks.
C.Tomotivateherfellowgardeners.
15.WhydoesMarierecommendbeginnerslogrowstrawberries?
A.Theyneednospecialcare.B.Theycanbeusedincooking.C.Theybearalolof
fruitsoon.
16.WhatisdifficultforMarietogrow?
A.Herbs.B.Carrots.C.Pears.
17.WhatisMarie'sadvicetothoseinterestedinkitchengardening?
A.Aimhigh.B.Keepfocused.C.Stayoptimistic.
听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。
18.Whatis"LifeofJohnson**?
A.Amagazinecolumn.B.ATVseries.C.Ahistoricalnovel.
19.WhaiisJohnsonfamousfor9
A.Hisactingtalent.B.Hishumorouswriting.C.Hislongsportscareer.
20.WhendidJohnsonjoinSportsTimes?
A.In1981.B.In1983.C.In1985.
试卷第4页,共27页
第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
HABITATRESTORATIONTEAM
HelprestoreandprotectMarin'snaturalareasfromtheMarinHeadlandsioBolinasRidge.We'll
explorebeautifulparksiteswhileconductinginvasive(侵入的)plantremoval,winterplanting,
andseedcollection.HabitatRestorationTeamvolunteersplayavilalroleinrestoringsensitive
resourcesandprotectingendangeredspeciesacrosstheridgesandvalleys.GROUPS
Groupsoffiveormorerequirespecialarrangementsandmustbeconfirmedinadvance.Please
reviewtheListofAvailableProjectsandfillouttheGroupProjectRequestForm.AGE,SKILLS,
WHATTOBRING
Volunteersaged10andoverarewelcome.ReadourYouthPolicyGuidelinesforyouth
undertheageof15.
BringyourcompletedVb'unteerAgreementForm.Volunteersundertheageof18must
havetheparent/guardianapprovalsectionsigned.
We'llbeworkingrainorshine.Wearclothesthatcangeldirty.Bringlayersforchanging
weatherandaraincoatifnecessary.
Bringapersonalwaterbcttle,sunscreen,andlunch.
Noexperiencenecessary.Trainingandlooiswillbeprovided.Fulfills(满足)communiiyservice
requirements.UPCOMINGEVENTS
TimeMeetingLocation
Sunday,Jan.1510:00am—1:00pmBalleryAlexanderTrailhetd
Sunday,Jan.2210:(X)am—2:30pmStinsonBeachParkingLot
Sunday,Jan.299:30am—2:30pinCoyoteRidgeTrailhead
I.WhatistheaimoftheHabitatRestorationTeam?
A.Todiscovermineralresources.B.Todevelopnewwildlifeparks.
C.Toprotectthelocalecosystem.D.Toconductbiologicalresearch.
2.WhatistheloweragelimitforjoiningtheHabitatRestorationT^arn?
A.5.B.10.C.15.D.18.
3.Whatarc(hevolunteersexpectedtodo?
A.Bringtheirowntools.B.Workeveninbadweather.
C.Wearateamuniform.D.Doatleastthreeprojects.
语篇解读
关
键HabitatRestorationTeam,volunteers
词
主
旨本文是•篇应用文,介绍了•个生物栖息地修复工作队的工作内容和招募志愿者的相
概关信息和要求。
要
语言知识
原
文选自GoldenGateNationalParksConservancy网站一篇名为HabitatRestorationTeam
出的文章。/programs/habitat-restoration-tcam
处
habitatn(动植物的)生活地,栖息地;restorationn修复,恢复;
restorev修复,恢复,使复原;
重
removaln移除,移走,除去;
难
endangeredadj濒临灭绝的,濒危的;
点
confirmv确认:
词
reviewv查看,检查:
guardiann监护人;
试卷第6页,共27页
layern层(此处代指“衣服”);
sunscreenn防晒霜:
upcomingadj即将来临/发生的
重playavitalrolein在...中起着极其重要的作用:sensitiveresources敏感的/易受影
难响的/需特别保护的资源:
点inadvance提前:
词fillout...form填写...表:
块rainorshine[习语]不论天气好坏,风雨无阻
“1amnotcrazy,”saysDrWilliamEarber,shortlyafterperformingacupuncture(针灸)ona
rabbit.4iamaheadofmytime/'ifheseemsalittledefensive,itmightbebecauseevensomeof
hiscoworkersoccasionallylaugha(hisunusualmethods.ButFarberiscertainhe'llhavethelast
laugh.He'soneofasmallbutgrowingnumberofAmericanveterinarians(兽医)nowpracticing
tlholistic^^medicine-combiningtraditionalWesterntreatmentswithacupuncture,chiropractic(按
摩疗法)andherbalmedicine.
Farber,agraduateofColoradoStateUniversity,startedoutasamoreconvenrional
veterinarian.Hebecameinterestedinalternativetreatments20yearsagowhenhesufferedfrom
terriblebackpain.Hetriedmuscle-relaxingdrugsbu(foundlittlerelief.Thenhetriedacupuncture,
anancientChinesepractice,andwasamazedthatheimprovedaftertwoorthreetreatments.What
workedonaveterinarianseemedlikelytoworkonhispatients.So,afterstudyingthetechniques
foracoupleofyears,hebeganoffering(hemtopets.
LeighTindalc'sdogCharliehadaseriousheartcondition.AfterCharliehadaheartattack,
Tindalcsays,shewaspreparedtoputhimtosleep,butFarber'streatmentseasedherdog's
sufferingsomuchthatshewasabletokeephimaliveforanadditionalfivemonths.AndPriscilla
Dewingreportsthatherhorse.Nappy,“movesmoreeasilyandridesmorecomfbrtably^^aftera
chiropracticadjustment.
Farberiscertain(hattheholisticapproachwillgrowmorepopularwithtime,andifthepast
isanyindication,hemayberight:Since1982.membershipintheAmericanHolisticVeterinary
MedicalAssociationhasgrownfrom30toover700.“Sometimesitsurprisesmethatitworksso
well/*hesays."Iwilldoanythingtohelpananimal.That'smyjob.”
4.WhatdosomeofFarber'scoworkersthinkofhim?
A.He'sodd.B.He,sstrict.C.He'sbrave.D.He'srude.
5.WhydidFarberdecidetotryacupunctureonpets?
A.Hewastrainedinitatuniversity.B.Hewasinspiredbyanotherveterinarian.
C.Hebenefitedfromi(asapaiicnt.D.Hewantedtosavemoneyforpctowners.
6.Whatdocsparagraph3mainlytalkabout?
A.Stepsofachiropractictreatment.B.Thecomplexityofveterinarians'work.
C.Examplesofrareanimaldiseases.D.Theeffectivenessofholisticmedicine.
7.Whydoestheauthormention(heAmericanHolisticVeterinaryMedicalAssociation?
A.ToproveFarber'spoint.B.Toemphasizeitsimportance.
C.Topraiseveterinarians.D.Toadvocateanimalprotection.
语篇解读
关键词holisticmedicine,veterinarian,ancientChinesepractice
主旨概木文是一篇夹叙夹议文。兽医WiHiamFarber奉行中西医结合的整体医学疗法,
要用针灸、按摩等方式治疗动物并取得了良好疗效。
原文出本文节选自HeroesoftheEnvironment:TrueStoriesofPeopleWhoHelpProtectOur
处Planet(NRDC)一书,作者是HarrietRohmer。
语言知识
defensiveadj存有戒心的;occasionallyadv偶尔,句时;
practicev实行,奉行/n惯常做法;
重难点holisticadj[医学术语]功能整体性的;
词块holisticmedicine整体医学;
graduaten(大学)毕业生;
conventionaladj传统的:
试卷第8页,共27页
reliefn(痛苦等的)减轻;
conditionn疾病;
easev(使)减轻;
sufferingn疼痛:
approachn方法;
indicationn迹象;
membershipn会员数;
advocatev提倡
aheadofone'stime(观念)超前:havethelastlaugh笑到最后,取得最后胜利;
herbalmedicine草药疗法:
重点短startoutas起初是{某身份);
语analternativetreatment替代疗法:
ahcancoiidiiion心脏病:
put...tosleep给(患病动物)实施安乐死
c
Iscomprehensionthesamewhetherapersonreadsatextonscreenoronpaper?Andarc
listeningtoandviewingconcernaseffectiveasreadingthewrittenwordwhencoveringthesame
material?Theanswerstobothcucstionsarcoften“no”.Thereasonsrelatetoavarietyoffactors,
includingreducedconcentration,anentertainmentmindset(心态)andatendencytomultitask
whileconsumingdigitalcontent.
Whenreadingtextsofseveralhundredwordsormore,learningisgenerallymoresuccessful
whenit'sonpaperthanonscreen.Alargeamountofresearchconfinnsthisfinding.Thebenefits
ofprintreadingparticularlyshineihroughwhenexperimentersmovefromposingsimple(asks-
likeidentifyingthemainideainareadingpassage-toonesthatrequirementalabstraction
suchasdrawinginferencesfromatext.
Thediftcrcnccsbetweenprintanddigitalreadingresultsarcpartlyrelatedtopaper's
physicalproperties.Withpaper,thereisaliterallayingonofhands,alongwiththevisual
geographyofdistinctpages.Peopleoftenlink(heirmemoryofwhatthey'vereadtohowfarinto
thebookitwasorwhereitwason(hepage.
Butequallyimportantisthementalaspect.ReadingresearchershaveproposedaIheory
called“shallowinghypothesis(假说)Accordingtothistheory,peopleapproachdigitaltextswith
amindsetsuitedtosocialmedia,whichareoftennotsoserious,anddevotelessmentaleffortthan
whentheyarereadingprint.
Audio(音频)andvideocanfeelmoreengagingthantext,andsouniversityteachers
increasinglyturntothesetechnologies—say,assigninganonlinetalkinsteadofanarticlebythe
sameperson.However,psychologistshavedemonstratedthatwhenadultsreadnewsstories,they
remembermoreofthecontentthaniftheylistentoorviewidenticalpieces.
Digitaltexts,audioandvideoallhaveeducationalroles,especiallywhenproviding
resourcesnotavailableinprint.However,formaximizinglearningwherementalfocusand
reflectionarecalledfor,educatorsshouldn'tassumeallmediaarethesame,evenwhenthey
containidenticalwords.
8.Whatdocs(heunderlinedphrase“shinethrough^^inparagraph2mean?
A.Seemuni汰clytolast.B.Seemhardtoexplain.
C.Becomereadytouse.D.Becomeeasytonotice.
9.Whatdoestheshallowinghypothesisassume?
A.Readerstreatdigitaltextslightly.B.Digitaltextsaresimplertounderstand.
C.Peopleselectdigitaltextsrandomly.D.Digitaltextsaresuitableforsocialmedia.
10.Whyareaudioandvideoincreasinglyusedbyuniversityteachers?
A.Theycanholdsiudenis'anenuon.B.Theyaremoreconvenient(oprepare.
C.Theyhelpdevelopadvancedskills.D.Theyaremoreinformative(hantext.
11.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?
A.Studentsshouldapplymultiplelearningtechniques.
B.Teachersshouldproducetheirownteachingmaterial.
C.Printtextscannotbeentirelyreplacedineducation.
D.Educationoutsidetheclassroomcannotbeignored.
语篇解读
试卷第10页,共27页
关
键printreading,digitalreading
词
主
旨本文是一篇说明文,作者介绍了纸质阅读与数字阅读(可视化学习)在理解和记忆方面
概的优劣,强调纸质阅读对于深度学习和记忆的重要性。
要
原本文来自美利坚大学语言学荣休教授NaomiS.Baron(内奥米S巴伦)的一篇名为Why
文weremembermorebyreading-especiallyprint-thanfromaudioorvideo的文章
出littps://librar>'/why-we-remember-more-by-reading-especially-print-than-fr
处om-audio-or-video/
语言知识
comprehensionn理解(力):onscreenadv在屏幕上:
viewv[名词动化]看:
contentn内容;
coverv[熟词生义]涉及,处理:
factorn因素:
concentrationn专心,专注:
entertainmentn消遣,娱乐:
难
multitaskv同时执行多项任务;
点
consumev消费,消耗:
词
confirmv证实:
汇
printn[熟词生义]印刷品,出版物:
experimentern实验员;
posev[熟词生义]提出:
identifyv识别,找到:
mentaladj思考的,思想的,精神的;
abstractionn抽象;
physicaladj物理(学)的;
propertyn[熟词生义]性质,特性;
literaladj确确实实的,真实的;
visualadj视觉的;
geographyn[熟词生义]方局;
distinctadj不同的;
aspectn方面;
proposev提出;
shallowv变浅;
approachv处理,对待;
seriousadj严肃的,需认真思考的;
engagingadj有吸引力的,有趣的;
sayv[熟词生义]比方说;
assignv布置:
demonstratev证明;
identicaladj完全相同的;
piecen[熟词生义]文章,报道;
rolen[熟词生义]作用;
availableadj可获得的;
maximizev使增加到最大限度,使最大化;
reflectionn反思,深思;
assumev认为,假定,假设:
randomlyadv随机地;
informativeadj提供有用信息的;
implyv暗指;
applyv运用:
multipleadj多种的
techniquen技巧:
producev制作
试卷第12页,共27页
relateto涉及,与...相关;avarietyof各种各样的;
atendencytodosth做某事的倾向;
shinethrough表现明显;
drawinferencesfrom从...中推断出结论;
berelatedto与...有关;
physicalproperties物理特性;
重
alongwith与...一起;
难
link...to…将...同联系起来;
点
(be)suitedto适合...;
词
mentaleffort脑力,心力;
块
inprint已刊印,已出版;
mentalfocus精神集中:
callfor需要;
treatsthlightly对待某事持轻松的态度;
holdsb'sattention保持某人的注意力;
developadvancedskills培养高级技能
1.Thebenefitsofprintreadingparticularlyshinethroughwhenexperimentersmovefrom
posingsimpletaskslikeidentifyingthemainideainareadingpassage-toonesthat
requirementalabstraction-suchasdrawinginferencesfromatext.【翻译】当实验人员从
提出简单的任务,如找到阅读文章的主旨,转向需要抽象思维的任务,如从文本中推断
长出结论时,纸质阅读的好处尤为明显。
难【分析】本句中when引导时间状语从句,从句谓语为move,likeidentifyingthemainidea
句inareadingpassage和suchasdrawinginferencesfromatext分别补充说明simpletasks
分和ones(hatrequiremenialabstractiona
析2.Accordingtothistheory,peopleapproachdigitaltextswithamindsetsuitedtosocial
media,whichareoftennotsoserious,anddevotelessmentaleffortthanwhentheyare
readingprint.
【翻译】根据这一理论,人们对待数字文本的态度与对待社交媒体的态度相当,社交媒
体通常不那么严肃,相比纸质阅读,人们投入的脑力要少。
【分析】suitedtosocialmedia作后置定语修饰mindset,which引导的非限制性定语从
句,修饰先行词socialmedia,and连接.主句并列的谓语approach和devote。
IntheracetodocumentthespeciesonEarthbeforetheygoextinct,researchersandcitizen
scientistshavecollectedbillionsofrecords.Today,mostrecordsofbiodiversityareofteninthe
formofphotos,videos,andotherdigitalrecords.Thoughtheyareusefulfordetectingshiftsinthe
numberandvarietyofspeciesiranarea,anewStanfordstudyhasfoundthatthistypeofrecordis
notperfect.
“Withtheriseoftechnologyitiseasyforpeopletomakeobservationsofdifferentspecies
withtheaidofamobileapplication/'saidBarnabasDaru,whoisleadauthorofthestudyand
assistantprofessorofbiologyintheStanfordSchoolofHumanitiesandSciences."These
observationsnowoutnumbertheprimarydatathatcomesfromphysicalspecimens(标本),and
sinceweareincreasinglyusingobservationaldatatoinvestigatehowspeciesarerespondingto
globalchange,Iwantedtoknow:Aretheyusable?”
Usingaglobaldatasetof1.9billionrecordsofplants,insects,birds,andanimals,Daruand
histeamtestedhowwellthesedatarepresentactualglobalbiodiversitypatterns.
“Wewereparticularlyinterestedinexploringtheaspectsofsamplingthattendtobias(使有
偏差)data,likethegreaterlikelihoodofacitizenscientisttotakeapictureofafloweringplant
insteadofthegrassrightnexttoit,“saidDaru.
Theirstudyrevealedthatthelargenumberofobservation-onlyrecordsdidnotleadtobetter
globalcoverage.Moreover,thesedataarebiasedandfavorcertainregions,timeperiods,and
species.Thismakessensebecausethepeoplewhogetobservationalbiodiversitydataonmobile
devicesareoftencitizenscientistsrecordingtheirencounterswithspeciesinareasnearby.These
dataarealsobiasedtowardcertainspecieswithattractiveoreye-catchingfeatures.
Whatcanwedowiththeimperfectdatasetsofbiodiversity?
“Quilcalul/'Daruexplained.4tBiodivcrsilyappscanuseOLIstudyresultsloiiifoim
ofoversampledareasandleadthemtoplaces-andevenspecies—thatarenotwell-sampled.To
improvethequalityofobservationaldata,biodiversityappscanalsoencourageuserstohavean
expertconfirmtheidentificationoftheiruploadedimage.”
试卷第14页,共27页
12.Whatdoweknowabouttherecordsofspeciescollectednow?
A.Theyarebecomingoutdated.B.Theyaremostlyinelectronicform.
C.Theyarelimitedinnumber.D.Theyareusedtorpublicexhibition.
13.WhatdoesDaru'sstudyfbcuson?
A.Threatenedspecies.B.Physicalspecimens.
C.Observationaldata.D.Mobileapplications.
14.Whathasledtothebiasesaccordingtothestudy?
A.Mistakesindataanalysis.B.Poorqualityofuploadedpictures.
C.Improperwayofsampling.D.Unreliabledatacollectiondevices.
15.WhatisDaru'ssuggestionforbiodiversityapps?
A.Reviewdatafromcertainareas.B.Hireexpertstochecktherecords.
C.Confirmtheidentityoftheusers.D.Giveguidancetocitizenscientists
语篇解读
关
键biodiversity,species,sample,data,bias
词
主
旨本文是一篇说明文。研究人员发现,当前利用技术手段进行生物采样的过程可能存在偏
概差,分析了造成这些偏差的原因,并在最后说明如何完善生物采样数据的科学性。
要
生物标本能够提供世界范围内生物多样性、分类和历史分布的信息。这些标本信息与空
百间、环境等数据相结合可用于支撑广泛的研究课题,为生物多样性保护、制定濒危物种
科保护政策、构建国家生态安全和生物安全休系提供科学依据和详实凭证。20世纪中叶
知以来,计算机技术使得人i口可以对标本及其相关信息进行大规模数字化处理,从而促进
识了生物多样性研究的快速发展。这些数据对于迅速跟踪全球气候和环境变化、实现生物
物种多样性的鉴定和动态监测、服务政府和科研机构决策等均具有重要的现实意义。
节选自斯坦福大学网站2023年5月1日名为Comparisonofspecimensandfield
原
observationsrevealsbiasesinbiodiversitydata的文章
文
/stories/2023/05/study-examinesbiases-coverage-gaps-biodiversity-d
出
ata#:-:(ex(=In%20(he%20race%20to%20document%20the%20species%20on,numbcr%20an
处
d%20abundance%20of%20spccics%20in%20an%20arca.
语言知识
documentv[学术词]记录,记载;detectv[学术词]发现;
shiftn[学术词]改变;
varietyn多样性:
重applicationn应用程序(缩写为app):
难primaryadjf学术词]原始的,最初的:
点invesiigaiev[学术词]研究:
词revealv[学术词]揭示;
汇favorv更倾向于;
devicen[学术词]设备:
encountern[学术词]相遇:
featuren[学术词]特征
goextinct灭绝;citizenscientist民间科学家;
intheformof以的形式;
withtheriseof随着...的兴起;
重withtheaidof借助于...;
难leadauthor第一作者;
点assistantprofessor助理教授:
词respondto对...作出反应;
埃tendtodosth易于做某事:
makesense说得通,有道理;
informsbofsth告知某人某事;
belimitedinnumber数量有限
试卷第16页,共27页
派生词:biodiversityn生物多样性(bio-+diversity);
observationn观察(observe+-ation):
humanityn人类(human+-ity);
outnumberv比多(out-+number);
observationaladj观察的(observation+-al);
usableadj可用的,适用的(use+-able);
samplingn(选取的有代表性的)样本(sample+-ing);likelihoodn可能(性)(likely+
-hood);
派floweringadj开花的,有花的(flower+-ing);
生coveragen覆盖范围(cover+-age);
词imperfectadj不完美的(im-+perfect);
、oversampledadj过度采样的(over-+sample+-ed);identificationn身份(identify+
合-ication);
成uploadedadj已上传的(upload+-ed);
词outdatedadj过时的(out-+date+-ed);
threatenedadj受到威胁的,感到危险的(threaten+-ed);
improperadj不当的,错误的(im-+proper);
unreliableadj不可靠的(un-+reliable);
guidancen指导(guide+-ance)
合成词:
datasetn数据集(data+set);
eye-catchingadj抢眼的,引人注目的(eye+catch+-ing);
well-sampledadj充分采栏的(well+sample+-ed)
1.TheseobservationsnowoutnumbertheprimarydataIhatcomesfromphysicalspecimens,
长
andsinceweareincreasinglyusingobsenationaldalatoinvestigatehowspeciesare
难
respondingtoglobalchange,Iwantedtoknow:Aretheyusable?[翻译]现在,这些观察
句
结果的数量超过了来自实物标本的原始数据,而由于我们越来越多地使用观察数据来研
分
究物种如何应对全球变化,我想知道:这些观察数据可靠吗?
析
【分析】本句是一个并列句,前半句中的ihal作关系代词引导定语从句,修饰先行词
theprimaiydata;后半句中的since引导原因状语从句,how引导宾语从句作investigate
的宾语。
2.Usingaglobaldatasetof1.9billionrecordsofplants,insects,birds,andanimals,Daruand
histeamtestedhowwellthesedatarepresentactualglobalbiodiversitypatterns.
【翻译】Daru和他的团队使用/一个包含19亿条植物、昆虫、鸟类和动物记录的全球
数据集,测试这些数据在多大程度上代表了实际的全球生物多样性模式。
【分析】Usingaglobaldataset…为分词短语作状语,how引导宾语从句作test的宾语。
3.Thismakessensebecausethepeoplewhogetobservationalbiodiversitydataonmobile
devicesareoftencitizenscientistsrecording(heirencounterswithspeciesinareasnearby.
【第译】这是有道理的,因为民间科学家经常通过移动设备获取生物多样性观察数据,
他们记录的是在附近地区接触到的物种。
【分析】because引导原因状语从句,who引导定语从句修饰先行词ihepeople,
recording...nearby为分词短语作后置定语,修饰citizen
scientists0
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有
两项为多余选项。
Notallgreatwritersaregreatspellers.Ifyouwanttobepublished,it'svitaltosubmita
perfect,professionallypresentedmanuscript(原稿).16Noeditorislikelytotoleratea
writerwhodoesnottakethetroubletospellwordscorrectly.
Ikeeptworeferencebooksclose-byonmydesk:dictionaryandthesaurus(同义词词典).I
don'ttrustmylaptop'sspellchecker.17Ofcourse,thesedaysthereareplentyofonline
dictionariesandthesauruses,butI'mold-fashionedenoughtopreferahardcoverandpagesIcan
leafthroughwithmyfingers.IusetheConciseOxfordDictionaryandtheCollinsThesaurus.
18Itshouldgiveyouaprecisedefinitionofeachword,
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