高一下学期英语北师大版（2019）期末达标测试卷B卷

高一下学期英语北师大版（2019）期末达标测试卷B卷考试时间：120分钟满分：150分第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhatwillDavidprobablydonext?A.Callhisdad. B.Checkhisroom. C.Writeareport.2.Whatisthefinalholidayplanofthewoman'sfamily?A.Goingsurfing. B.Goingcycling. C.Goinghiking.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Acity. B.Apostcard. C.Abusinesstrip.4.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Tryingonablouse.B.Havinganinterview.C.Choosingahandbag.5.What'swrongwiththeman?A.Hehasacold. B.Hehurtshishead. C.Hecoughsbadly.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Inahotel. B.Atanairport. C.Inacar.7.Howdoesthemanliketomorrow'splan?A.Disappointing. B.Boring. C.Exciting.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.WhatdidthewomanhelpdoinGhana?A.Teachchildrenataschool.B.Buildhousesforthelocals.C.Careforwildanimals.9.Whatisthecontactnumberofthevolunteerprogramme?A.212-831-7172. B.212-831-7272. C.212-831-7372.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whenwastheinterviewsupposedtostart?A.At7:40a.m. B.At8:00a.m. C.At8:20a.m.11.WhywasBrucestoppedbytheboss?A.Hefailedtoanswerthequestionwell.B.Thebosshadtoattendameeting.C.Someonecalledtheboss.12.WhatdidthebossaskBrucetodo?A.Setoutearliernexttime.B.Comeagainthreedayslater.C.Leavehispersonalinformation.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WheredoesSallywanttogo?A.Thezoo. B.TheLondonEye. C.TheCoventGarden.14.WhatisBillyinterestedin?A.Boats. B.Operas. C.Paintings.15.WhatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodoinOxfordStreet?A.Dosomeshopping.B.Enjoyanopera.C.Visitherparents.16.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Husbandandwife.C.Guideandvisitor.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatisHaminterestedin?A.Collectingglassbottles.B.Buildingspecialhouses.C.Makingthingsoutofbottles.18.WhydidHamdecidetobuildthespecialhouse?A.Becauseofhiskids'encouragement.B.Becauseofhissecondson'sdeath.C.Becauseofhiseldestson'sbirth.19.Whatismoreinterestingaboutthespecialhouse?A.ItcostsmuchlessB.Itisverystrong.C.It'stheonlyoneintheworld.20.WhatdidHamdoaboutthehouse?A.Hedonatedittoanartgallery.B.Heuseditasaweddingpresent.C.Hedecorateditandlivedinit.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AYouknowthefeeling.Youfinishafullmealandarelike"I'mnevereatingagain."Butthen,outcomesabeautifulpieceofcake.And,yousaidyouwerefull,butnotfordessert!Itturnsoutyoureallycan"makeroom"fordessert.Andthere'sascientificreasonwhy.Thethingthatgivesyouroomfordessertiscalled"sensory-specificsatiety".That'swhatDrRolls,anutritionalscientist,hasbeenstudyingsincethe1980s.Hereishowherexperimentwent.Shegavesixpeopleagiantplateofspaghettiandtoldthemtoeatuntiltheywerefull.Andthen,forthesecondcourse,shegavethemmore.Then,shegavethemicecream.Onaverage,aftertheysaidtheywerefullonspaghetti,eachpersoncouldeatjustonemoreounceofitintheirsecondserving.Butwhenshegavethemicecream,somehowtheycouldeatthreetimesasmuch.They"maderoom"fordessert.Theexperimentshowsthatwhenyoufeelfull,it'snotnecessarilythatyourstomachisphysicallyfull.It'smoreabouthowinterestedyouareineatingmore.Sensory-specificsatietyisthechangeinhowmuchyoulikeafood,howmuchyouwanttoeat,asyou'reeatingit."I'vejusthadenoughofthefood;Iwantsomethingelse"isreallywhatsensory-specificsatietyis.Andthatnaturalabilityhasapurpose:it'smeanttokeepushealthy.It'sgoingtohelptoguaranteethatwe'regoingtoeatthevarietyofnutrientsthatweneed.However,itcanbackfireofcourse,becauseifwearepresentedwithavarietyoffoods,itmakesusextralikelytoovereat.21.What'sthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Toleadtothemaintopic. B.Tomakeacomparison.C.Toamusethereaders. D.Tosummarizethemainidea.22.AccordingtoDrRolls,whydidthepeople"makeroom"foricecream?A.Theyhadawrongfeeling. B.Therewasachangeinthefoodvariety.C.Theyliedaboutfeelingfull. D.Theicecreamwasmoredelicious.23.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"backfire"inParagraph4probablymean?A.Consumemuchenergy. B.Discouragepeoplefromeating.C.Havetheoppositeresult. D.Produceahelpfuleffect.BInwhatisbelievedtobeaworldfirst,UniversityofSouthAustraliaresearchershavedesignedaself-sufficientsolar-drivensystemthatevaporates(使蒸发)seawaterandrecyclesitintofreshwater,growingcropswithoutanyhumaninvolvement.Itcouldhelpaddressglobalfoodshortagesinthedecadesahead,withtheworld'spopulationexpectedtoreach10billionby2050.ProfessorHaolanXuandDrGaryOwensfromUniSA'sFutureIndustriesInstitutehavedevelopedaverticalfloatingseafarmwhichconsistsoftwochambers(室):anupperlayersimilartoaglasshouseandalowerwaterharvestingchamber."Inthiscase,cleanwaterissuppliedbyacollectionofsolarevaporatorsthatabsorbtheseawater,trapthesaltsintheevaporatorbodyand,underthesun'srays,releasecleanwatervapourintotheairwhichisthenconcentratedonwaterbeltsandtransferredtotheupperplantgrowthchamber,"DrOwenssays.Thesystem,whichispoweredonlybysolarlight,hasseveraladvantagesoverothersolarseafarmedsignscurrentlybeingtrialed,accordingtoProfessorXu."Otherdesignshavebuiltevaporatorsinsidethegrowthchamberwhichtakesupvaluablespacethatcouldotherwisebeusedforplantgrowth.Also,thesesystemsareverylikelytosufferfromoverheatingandcropdeath,"ProfessorXusays."Inourdesign,theverticaldistributionofevaporatorsandgrowthchambersdecreasesthedevice'soverallfootprint,maximizingtheareaforfoodproduction.Itisfullyautomated,lowcost,andextremelyeasytooperate,usingonlysolarenergyandseawatertoproducecleanwaterandgrowcrops."DrOwenssaystheirdesignisonlyproofofconceptatthisstage,butthenextstepistoscaleitupusingasmallcollectionofindividualdevicestoincreaseplantproduction.Meetinglargerfoodsupplyneedswillmeanincreasingboththesizeandnumberofdevices.24.Whatcantheverticalfloatingseafarmsystemdo?A.Addresstheproblemofseapollution.B.Helpdealwiththeproblemoffoodshortages.C.Raiseawarenessaboutglobalfoodsafety.D.Assistfishermenwithintelligentfishingtechniques.25.WhatdoesParagraph3focuson?A.Themake-upofthesystem. B.Thedistinctadvantagesofthesystem.C.Theworkingprincipleofthesystem. D.Theapplicationprospectsofthesystem.26.Comparedtoothersolarseafarmdesigns,theverticalseafarm_____.A.ismoredifficulttomaintain B.makesthemostofthespaceC.reliesonseawaterforoperation D.islikelytobeaffectedbycroploss27.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"scaleitup"mean?A.Expand. B.Reduce. C.Revise. D.Promote.CAmajornewfacilitytopullCO2outoftheatmospherehasstartedoperatinginIceland,whichisaboosttoanemergingtechnologythatexpertssaycouldeventuallyplayanimportantroleinreducinggreenhousegases.TheplantinsouthwestIcelandisthebiggestofitskind,itsbuildersays.Itisabletocapture900tonsofCO2everyyear,butitneedsheatandelectricitytowork.Itisusingenergyproducedfromwasteandisbuiltontheroofofawasteincinerationplant,andthroughtheburningofrubbish,energyisgenerated.Human-sizedfansarebuiltintoaseriesofboxes.TheytakeCO2outoftheair,catchingitinspongelikefilters(过滤器).Thefiltersareblastedwithheat,freeingthegas,whichisthenmixedwithwaterandpumpeddeepintoundergroundbasaltlargecaves,whereovertimeitturnsintodarkgreystone.PumpingCO2intothegroundisjustonewaytodealwithit.TheCO2capturedcanbepumpedthroughanundergroundpipelinedirectlyintoagreenhouse.VegetablesandotherplantsloveCO2andhigherconcentrationsofthegaswithinthegreenhouseimprovethegrowthofplants.By2050,humanitywillneedtopullnearlyabillionmetrictonsofCO2fromtheatmosphereeveryyearthroughdirectaircapturetechnologytoachievecarbonneutralgoals,accordingtoInternationalEnergyAgencyrecommendations.TheplantinIcelandwillbeabletocapture4,000metrictonsannually—justasmallamountofwhatwillbenecessary,butanengineerinClime-works,thecompanythatbuiltit,saysitcangrowrapidlyasefficiencyimprovesandcostsdecrease."Thisisamarketthatdoesnotyetexist,butamarketthaturgentlyneedstobebuilt,"saidChristophGebaldwhoco-foundedClime-works."Thisplantthatwehavehereisreallytheblueprinttofurtherincreasethesizeandreallyindustrialize."28.WhatdoweknowaboutthecarboncapturefacilityfromParagraph2?A.Itisbuiltathighaltitudes.B.Ituseswastetoproducepower.C.ItmakesIcelandfreeofairpollution.D.Itproduceslotsofheatduringoperation.29.Whatcanweexpectfromthefuturecarboncapturetechnology?A.Itwilldecreasethecostofenergyproduction.B.Itcanhelpreachthecarbonneutralgoalsinadvance.C.ItwillspeedupthereductionofCO2levelsintheair.D.Itmayreplacethetraditionalcarbonstoragesystem.30.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.ThecaptureofCO2intheatmosphereisabletokilltwobirdswithonestone.B.CO2willbedeliveredtogreenhousesafterbeingturnedintodarkgreystones.C.AmajornewmarkettopullCO2outoftheatmospherehasstartedoperating.D.TheplantsinIcelandgreenhousescancaptureasmallamountofCO2.31.WhatisChristophGebald'sattitudetowardsbuildingtheplant?A.Unclear. B.Neutral. C.Disapproving. D.Supportive.DIntoday'smotivationalliterature,failureisoftenviewedassomethingtobecelebrated.InspirationalspeakersarefondofquotingthewordsofthenovelistSamuelBeckett—"Tryagain.Failagain.Failbetter."Itseemsthatdisappointmentsareanessentialsteppingstonetosuccess,aturningpointinourlifestorythatwillultimatelyendinvictory.However,psychologicalresearchesfindmostofusstruggletohandlefailureconstructively.Inotherwords,wefailto"failforwards".Wefindwaystodevaluethetaskatwhichwefailed,andbecomelessmotivatedtopersevere(坚持)andreachourgoals.Thisphenomenonisknownasthe"sour-grapeeffect",whichwasdiscoveredbyProfessorHallgeirSjåstad.Sjåstadexplainsthatthe"sour-grapeeffect"isaself-protectivemechanism(机制)."Mostofuspictureourselvesasablepeople,sowhenoutsidefeedbackfromotherssuggestsotherwise,itposesaseriousthreattothatself-image,"hesays."Theeasiestwayoutistodenyorexplainawaytheoutsidesignal,sowecankeepapositivesenseofself.Wedothisevenwithoutnoticing."Ifyouhaveonebadinterviewforyourdreamjob,youmightconvinceyourselfthatyoudon'treallywantitatall,andstopapplyingforsimilarpositions.Thesamegoesifyoufailtoimpressatasportstrial,orifyouloseasingingcontest."Wetendtoexplainawayourshortcomingsandconvinceourselvesour'PlanC'isactuallyour'PlanA',"Sjåstadsays.Itdoesn'tmeanweshouldpersevereingoalsallthetime.Itcanbehealthytochangeiftheprocessisnolongermakingushappy.Butthe"sour-grapeeffect"mayleadustocometothisdecisionprematurely,ratherthanhangingonalittleandseeingwhetherwemightlearnandimprove.Failuresareunavoidable.Bylearningtofacethedisappointmentinsteadofdevaluingitsimportanceandpretendingnothinghappened,however,youmayfinditeasiertoachieveyourgoals.32.WhydoestheauthormentionthespeechofinspirationalspeakersinParagraph1?A.Toofferanapproachtohandlingfailure.B.Tointroduceacommonattitudetowardsfailure.C.Toemphasizetheimportanceofexperiencingfailure.D.Todiscusstherelationshipbetweensuccessandfailure.33.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3aboutthe"sour-grapeeffect"?A.Itdoesharmtoourself-image. B.Itpicturesusasperfectpeople.C.Itprotectsusfromfalsefeedback. D.Itmakesusrefusenegativefeedback.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"prematurely"inParagraph5mean?A.Hurriedly. B.Mistakenly. C.Unhappily. D.Carelessly.35.Whichstatementwouldtheauthormostprobablyagreewith?A.Getreadytoreplace"PlanA"with"PlanC".B.Neverforgettomaintainapositivesenseofself.C.Don'tquitwhengoalsnolongermakeyouhappy.D.Don'tescapewhenourself-imagegetschallenged.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Inafast-pacedworld,tasksseemtomultiplybeforeyourveryeyes.36Takeiteasy.Letusintroduceyoutothebulletjournal,amultifunctionaltoolthatperfectlycombinesorganizationandcreativitytohelpyougetontopofyourto-dolistswhiledevelopingyourartisticside.37Comparedwithyouraveragejournalordiary,itcombinesalloftheelementsofplanning,to-dolists,goaltrackingandmoreinonesimplenotebook.Theconceptbehindbulletjournalsistoorganizeyourlifeasbrieflyaspossible,allowingyoutocommit,aswellaslettingyourcreativesideflow.Tosetupabulletjournal,youstartwithablanknotebook,typicallyonewithdotgrid(网格)pages.Youcreatedifferentsectionsbasedonyourneeds.38Youhavethefreedomtodesignlayouts,usecolors,andincludeartisticelementslikedrawingsorcalligraphytomakeitmorefuntouse.Somefunideascanbeaddedaspages.39Makeabooklogofyourfavouritebooksfromtheyear,likeawrittenlibrary.Writedownyourfavouritequotes(语录)ononepagetocomebacktowhenyouneedaboost.Therearemanybenefitstooptingforabulletjournalstyleplannerofatypicaldiary.Purposefulplanningandtaskspacespavethewayforasmootherdayandputdifferentappointments,tasks,andideasunderoneroof.Yourbulletjournalisalsoablankcanvas.Addhand-lettering,drawings,andcolour-codedsectionstomeltstressandfuelimprovement.40Theycanbepersonalizedtosuityourneeds!A.Bulletjournalsdevelopwithyou.B.Herearethebestbulletjournalstobuy.C.Thebeautyofabulletjournalliesinitsflexibility.D.Abulletjournalisessentiallyamuchmorecreativeplanner.E.High-qualitydottedpapermakesiteasytouseforquotation.F.Completingendlesstaskscanfeellikeanever-endingchallenge.G.Createanamazingalbumofyourfavouritephotostakenthatmonth.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。We'veallhadawrongnumbertextbefore,buthowoftendotheyleadtoyears-longfriendships?ForJamalandWanda,a41texthasresultedinsevenyearsofsharedThanksgivingdinners!In2016,the17-year-oldJamalreceivedatext,42fromhisgrandma,askingifhewould43ittoThanksgivingthatyear.Afterexchangingafew44,itsoonbecameclearthatthetext'ssender,Wanda,wasnot45hisgrandma.SheinvitedJamaltothe46though,andafterJamal47theexchangeontheInternet,thepairwentviral.SpendingThanksgivingtogetherhasbecomean48thingforJamalandWanda,withtheyearof202349thetradition'seighthanniversary.Theirfriendshiphasgonefromstrengthtostrength,eventhrough50likethepassingofWanda'shusband,Lonnie.Wandasaid,"Jamal51methatagemadeabsolutelynodifference.WhenJamalcamealong,myhusbandandIandJamalandhisgirlfriend,wewouldgoouttodinnerthroughouttheyeartogetherandwewouldjustlosealltrackof52.Onetime,wewereatarestaurantforthreeorfourhoursandIcouldn't53weweretherethatlong.Wekepttalking!Itwasjustsucha54conversation."Thankstothewrongnumbertext,thetwohavedevelopedadeepfriendship.Thepairhaveevengoneinto55together,launchingawatercompany.41.A.suitable B.mistaken C.strange D.tricky42.A.supposedly B.admittedly C.hurriedly D.decidedly43.A.take B.have C.make D.get44.A.objects B.options C.journals D.texts45.A.infact B.afterall C.atonce D.ontime46.A.wedding B.dinner C.dance D.concert47.A.broke B.found C.left D.shared48.A.annual B.easy C.occasional D.obvious49.A.placing B.viewing C.marking D.receiving50.A.events B.festivals C.celebrations D.elements51.A.offered B.taught C.advised D.promised52.A.goals B.food C.projects D.time53.A.believe B.claim C.prove D.mention54.A.stable B.brave C.wonderful D.modest55.A.amusement B.business C.education D.politics第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。KimCobb,aprofessorattheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologyinAtlanta,isone'ofasmallbutgrowingminorityofacademics56arecuttingbackontheirairtravelbecauseofclimatechange.Travellingtoconferences,lectures,workshops,andthelike—frequentlybyplane-57(view)asimportantforscientiststogettogetherandexchangeinformation.ButCobbandothers58(be)nowquestioningthatidea-—pushingconferencestoprovidemorechancestoparticipateremotelyand59(change)theirpersonalbehaviortodotheirpartindealingwiththeclimatechangecrisis.OnawebsitecalledNoFlyClimateSci,forexample,60(rough)200academics—manyofthemclimatescientists—61(promise)toflyaslittleaspossiblesincetheeffortstartedtwoyearsago.Cobb,forherpart,startedtoaskconferenceorganizerswhoinvitedhertospeak62shecoulddosoremotely;aboutthree-quartersof63time,theyagreed.Whentheanswerwasno,shedeclinedthe64(invite).ThatapproachbroughtCobb'sairtravellastyeardownby75%6,andsheplans65(continue)thepractice."Ithasbeenfairlyrewarding,"shesays—"areallypositivechange."第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）你校将以六月八日世界海洋日为主题，举办英语征文比赛，请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：1.海洋的重要性；2.保护海洋的倡议。注意：1.词数100左右；2.短文的题目和首句已为你写好。OurOceans,OurResponsibilityJune8thwasofficiallynamedbytheUNin2009asWorldOceansDay.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Myfatheraskedmetochatwithhimforawhile.Actually,Iwasunwillingtolistentohistalkingendlesslyashealwaysdid.Myfatherwasalawyer,butIneverwantedtogotolawschoolorfollowhispaththroughlife.Aswasexpected,heclearedhisthroatandstartedtosay,"Er...What...Whatdoyoureallywanttodointhegorgeousfuture?"Iwassilentforamomentplayingwiththecellphone.Ikeptthinking,"ShouldItellhimmytruethoughts?Whatifhegetsangry?WhatifIlethimdown?"LaterIreplied,"Well,Iwanttobeawriter."Iguessedthismaybenottheanswerhewouldexpect.Butsurprisingly,"Interestingidea!"heanswered.Iwasshocked,speakinginalowvoicewithhesitation."Areyouserious,Dad?""Well,youneedconfidenceandgoodreparations,andyoustillhaveplentyoftime.Youneedtofindoutwhatyoureallyenjoynow.Look,it'slate.Let'staketheboatouttomorrowmorning,justyouandme.Maybewecancatchsomecrabs(螃蟹)fordinner,andwecantalkmore."Earlynextmorningwepackeduptheequipmentandsetoffalongthecoast.Wedidn'ttalkmuch,butenjoyedthesoundoftheseabirdsandthesightofthecoastline.Therewerenobigwavesandblindingsunlightatthattime."Let'sseeifwegetlucky,"hesaid,pickedupawebbasketwitharopetiedandthrewitintothesea.Wewaitedawhile,andthenmyfatherstoodupandsaid,"Givemeahandwiththis,"andwepulledupthecrabcageontothedeck.Toourjoy,thecagewasfilledwithdozensofsoftshellcrabs.Squatting(蹲)down,wewatchedthemforamoment.Atfirsttheyfoughtagainsteachothertoclimbouthard,tryingtoescape.Manywerepulledbackintothecage.Later,somegaveup,buttherewerestillsomecrabstryingtoescapeagainandagain.Paragraph1:Atthatmoment,myfatherpointedtothecage,"Lookatthatcrab,there!"___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Fromthatdayon,Iwasdeterminedtomakemydreamcometrue.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案以及解析第一部分听力第一节1.答案：A解析：M:Hi,Mum.CouldyoucheckifIhaveleftmyreportinmyroom?W:Sorry,David,I'moutnow.Yourdaddroveyoutoschoolthismorning.Youcancallhim.M:OK.2.答案：B解析：M:Doyouhaveanyplansfortheholiday?W:Thechildrenwanttogocyclingbuttheirfatherwantstogosurfing.AndI'dliketogohiking.We'vedecidedtofollowthechildren'schoice.3.答案：B解析：W:ItneveroccurredtomethatyouwouldbothertosendmeapostcardfromMoscowduringyourbusinesstrip.Thankyou.M:IposteditonmyseconddayinMoscow.AndIhopeyou'lllikeit.4.答案：A解析：W:HowdoIlookintheblouse?M:Notbad.Doesitfeelallright?W:Er,abittightaroundhere.M:Ireallylikethecolour.Itmatchesyourhandbag.5.答案：C解析：W:Goodmorning.IsthereanythingIcandoforyou?M:IhaveabadcoughandIwanttoseeadoctornow.第二节6.答案：B7.答案：C解析：W:Goodafternoon,sir!WelcometoBeijing.I'myourguidefromSunshineTourAgency.Didyouenjoyyourflight?M:Nottoobad.Ijustfeelabittired.Shallwegotothehotelrightnow?W:Yeah.It'sjustabouttwokilometersfromhere.M:That'sgood.Bytheway,what'stheplanformytrip?W:WearegoingtovisittheGreatWallfirsttomorrowmorning.M:Great.I'vebeenlookingforwardtoseeingthegreatwonder.8.答案：C9.答案：B解析：M:Haveyoueverparticipatedinanyvolunteerprogrammes?W:Yes.It'saprogrammeinGhana.Ispentmostofmytimetakingcareofwildanimals.It'sagoodchancetoexperiencethecountry'snaturalsurroundings.M:Whatelsecanparticipantsdo?W:Theycanalsovolunteerinprimaryschools,helpbuildhousesforthelocalsandgrowfarmproduce.M:Doyouknowtheircontactnumber?W:Yes,212-831-7272.M:Thankyou.I'lltry.10.答案：B11.答案：B12.答案：C解析：W:Bruce,youdon'tlookveryhappy.Whathappened?M:Iwenttoaninterviewtoday,butitdidn'tgoverywell.W:Howcome?M:IwascaughtinatrafficjamthismorningandIwas20minuteslatefortheinterview.WhenIgottotheplace,itwasalready8:20.W:Whydidn'tyousetoutearlier?Youknowtherushhourinourcityis7:30.Didthebossgiveyouaninterview?M:Yes,butwhenIansweredthesecondquestion,hestoppedme.W:Why?M:Hesaidhehadtoattendameetingrightaway.Luckily,hetoldmeIcouldleavemypersonalinformation,andifhedecidedtohireme,hewouldcallmethreedayslater.W:Soyoustillhaveachance,don'tyou?M:Maybe.W:Don'tworry.You'vealwaysbeenverylucky.13.答案：B14.答案：A15.答案：A16.答案：B解析：W:Gerry,comeandlookattheinformationpackforourtriptoLondon.M:Therearesomanythingstodo,Penny.Idon'tknowwheretostart.W:Well,whydon'twestartwiththekids?Idon'tthinkSallywouldlikethezoo.Shealwaysfeelssorryfortheanimals,butshe'sbeenaskingabouttheLondonEyeforweeks,sowehavetogothere.M:You'reright.WhataboutBilly?Helovesboats,soit'seithertheThamesorthezoo.W:DefinitelytheThamesforBilly.WhataboutanoperaatCoventGardenforyourparents?M:Thatwouldbegreat.Soyoudon'twanttogoshoppinginOxfordStreetthen?W:Whichpageisthaton?Wow!Thislooksfantastic.TherearesomanygreatshopsinOxfordStreet.Willyoucomewithme?M:I'llcomeifyoureallywantmeto,dear.17.答案：C18.答案：B19.答案：A20.答案：B解析：ARussianmannamedHamhasalwaysbeeninterestedinconstructingthingsoutofglassbottles.Notlongago,hebuiltauniquehousewhichwasbuiltalmostentirelyofwinebottles.Hischildrenhadalwaysadmiredhiswork.Theyencouragedhimtobuildahousesomeday.Buthealwaysthoughtitwasimpossible.WhenHamlosthissecondson,whopassedawayattheageof18,hefinallydecidedtobuildthehouseintheboy'smemory.Sohestartedthesearchforsuitablematerials.Toconstructthe99-square-metrehouse,Hamspentaboutthreeyearscollectingover12,000emptybottles.Hambelievesthatthehouseisquitestrongandexpectedtostandforatleast100years!Infact,hehasbuiltitinsuchawaythatifsomeofthebottlesbreak,theycaneasilybereplaced.Moreinterestingly,thehousecostfivetimeslessthanitwouldcosttobuildahousewithregularmaterials.ButHamsayshewasn'tthinkingaboutthemoney.Hejustwantedtobuildthehouseinthewayhissonwanted.Hamgaveawayhispieceofworktohiseldestsonasaweddingpresent.Hisdaughter-in-lawisquiteproudofthehouse,andsaysshecan'twaittodecorateit.第二部分阅读理解第一节A21.答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第一句Andthere'sascientificreasonwhy.可知，第一段是通过一个事例来引出下文的研究，也就是本文的主题—感官特异性饱腹感。故选A项。22.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句"I'vejusthadenoughofthefood;Iwantsomethingelse"isreallywhatsensory-specificsatietyis.以及最后一段中It'sgoingtohelptoguaranteethatwe'regoingtoeatthevarietyofnutrientsthatweneed.However,itcanbackfireofcourse,becauseifwearepresentedwithavarietyoffoods,itmakesusextralikelytoovereat.可知，人们之所以在吃饱一样食物之后还能吃下别的东西，最关键的原因在于食物的种类发生了变化。故选B项。23.答案：C解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词前的Andthatnaturalabilityhasapurpose:it'smeanttokeepushealthy.可知，感官特异性饱腹感这种自然能力是为了让我们保持健康，However后的内容表示语义转折，根据ifwearepresentedwithavarietyoffoods,itmakesusextralikelytoovereat可知，如果我们面对各种各样的食物，就更容易暴饮暴食，所以画线