辽宁省重点中学协作校2024-2025学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1辽宁省重点中学协作校2024-2025学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanintendtodo?A.Makeaposter. B.Buyanewsuit. C.Haveayardsale.【答案】B【原文】W:Guesswhat?Ijustsawaposterthatsaysmen’ssuitsareonsaletodayandtomorrowatBloomingdale’s.M:Great!That’sjustwhatI’vebeenwaitingfor.2.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthemovie?A.Good. B.Confusing. C.Terrible.【答案】C【原文】W:Hi,David.Wheredidyougoyesterdayafternoon?Icalledyoubuttherewasnoanswer.M:Iwenttothecinemawithmyparents.W:Oh,yes,Irememberyoutoldmeyouwouldseethenewmovie.Isitasgoodasyouexpected?M:Totellyouthetruth,it’sreallyawasteoftimeandmoney.3.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodonext?A.Goshopping. B.Visitachurch. C.Seeanexhibition.【答案】A【原文】M:Whereshallwegonow?We’veseenthechurchandthemodernartexhibition.Idon’tknowwhatelseisworthvisitinghere.W:Howaboutthegiftshops?Weneedtobuysomesouvenirs.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inarestaurant. B.Inaclassroom. C.Atagallery.【答案】C【原文】W:Howdoyoulikethispainting,Mike?M:Itlookslikeakiddiditwithsomecoloredpencilsorsomething.W:Youreallyhavenotasteinart.Lookattheshapesandcolors.They’refantastic.Ittakestalenttodothiskindofpainting.5.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson. B.Classmates. C.Shopkeeperandcustomer.【答案】B【原文】M:Haveyoudecidedwhattowearforthegraduationceremony,Linda?W:Yes,I’mplanningtowearatraditionalHanfutocelebratethisdayinauniqueway.Whataboutyou?M:I’mgoingtowearasuittolooksmart.第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题。每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatdoesthemansuggestdoing?A.Visitingasheeppark. B.Feedingsheeponafarm. C.Protectingtheenvironment.7.Whatarethesheepusedtodo?A.Plantseeds. B.Entertainvisitors. C.Dealwithunwantedplants.【答案】6.A7.C【原文】W:Whatshallwedothisweekend,William?M:Whydon’twegotothesheepparknearmyhouse?W:Asheeppark?Howinteresting!Aretherereallysheepinthepark?M:Yes.Theyaretheretoprotecttheenvironment.W:Howcantheyhelptheenvironment?M:Youknow,peopleusuallyusechemicalstokillunwantedplants.Thesheepintheparkeatthoseplants,sothechemicalsarenotneeded.W:Whatabrightidea!Ican’twaittovisitthepark!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Whatistheman’slatestsongabout?A.Bees. B.Oceans. C.Socks.9.Whatdoesthemaninvitethewomantodo?A.Recordanalbum. B.Joinhisband. C.Watchadocumentary.10.Whydoesthewomanturndowntheman’soffer?A.Sheisanemotionalperson.B.Sheisnotgoodatsinging.C.Shesingsinadifferentstyle.【答案】8.A9.B10.C【原文】M:Iwrotethissonglastnight.I’vebeenfeelingverycreativelately.W:It’sinteresting.I’veneverheardasongaboutbeesbefore.M:ItjustcameintomyheadnaturallywhenIwaswatchingadocumentaryaboutbeeslastnight.W:Youareabornsinger.Ibetyouhaveothersongs.M:Oh,yeah!Iwroteoneaboutthefouroceanstheotherday.AndIhaveothersaboutsocks,myfamilyandtonsofotherthings.I’mgoingtoputthemallonanalbum.W:Goodidea.M:MaybeIwillgetreallyfamousandgoontour!Wanttobeinmyband?W:Well,mystyleisreallydifferentfromyours.Yoursongsaresohappyandlight.M:Ihavesomeemotionalsongs,too.Wewouldmakeareallygoodteam,Ithink.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11.Howdidthemanimprovehispublicspeakingskills?A.Bywatchingfreespeeches.B.Bytalkingtofamousleaders.C.Bytakingonlinecourses.12.WhatdoesthemanlikebestaboutKhanAcademy?A.Itdoesn’tcostanything.B.Itcoversmanysubjects.C.Itletshimmakehisownplan.13.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Someusefulapps. B.Anexcellentspeech. C.Somefamousartists.【答案】11.A12.C13.A【原文】W:John,Iheardyoumadeanicespeechatschool.Howdidyouimproveyourpublicspeakingskills?M:Oh,it’sthankstoTED.W:TheappofTED?M:Youareright,Alice.Thisfreeappisveryuseful.Ithascollectedmorethansevenhundredtalksfromtheworld’smostfamousthinkers,leaders,artists,etc.Icanwatchtalksbysubjectanddownloadthemtowatchoffline.There’sashortintroductionforeachtalk,soIcangetthemainideainadvance.W:Itseemsthatonlinelearningappsarereallygreat.M:Absolutely.Theyshowmeanewwayoflearning.W:Wow,Ithinkyoumustbefamiliarwithonlinestudytools.WhichappdoyouthinkisthebestforyourschoolworkbesidesTED?M:IoftenuseKhanAcademy.Thisappallowsmetolearnalmostanythingforfree.Itcoversmanysubjects.TherealmagicofKhanAcademyisthatitallowsmetocreatemyownlearningplan.W:That’sgreat!I’mgoingtodownloadthoseappsrightnow.Thanksforyoursharing.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.Whatwasthewoman’sfirstjob?A.Anactress. B.Ateacher. C.Anartist.15.Whendidthewomanstartputtingonshowsforchildren?A.Beforeshewenttocollege.B.Afterherdaughterturnedfive.C.Aftershetaughtchildrenartclasses.16.Whoperformedwiththewoman?A.Herhusband. B.Herneighbor. C.Herdaughter.17.Whatdidthewomanlearnfromherfirstfailure?A.Children’sinterestmatters.B.Neverwritestoriesaboutlions.C.Successcomesfromhardwork.【答案】14.C15.B16.B17.A【原文】M:Anna,tellushowyourshowsforchildrenstarted.Youusedtoillustratechildren’sbooksatcollege,didn’tyou?W:That’sright,butIstoppedpaintingwhenmydaughterwasborn.Iconsideredteachingartclassespart-time,butinstead,Idecidedtostartmakingtoyanimalsformydaughter.Iloveacting,soIoftencreatedlittleplaysforthetoyanimalsanddidthevoicesmyself.M:Andwhendidyoustartdoingshowsforotherpeople?W:Iwrotealittleshowandacteditoutatmydaughter’sfifthbirthdayparty.Itwaspopular.Soon,otherparentsinvitedmetoperformtheshowattheirchildren’sparties.That’showitbegan.M:Itmustbealotofworkforyou.W:Yes,Ineededsomeonetohelpme.Luckily,myneighborLindawaseagertoperformwithme.Herhusbandrecordsthemusictogowiththeshows.M:Haveyoueverencounteredanyproblems?W:Onlyonce.Iperformedashowforagroupofthree-year-olds,andI’dwrittenastoryaboutalion.Unfortunately,thechildrenwerequiteafraidofthelionandstartedcrying.ThatexperiencetaughtmethatIneedtofindoutinadvancewhatchildrenenjoy.M:Andtheshowscontinuetobesuccessful?W:Yes,theydo.Iloveeveryminuteofeveryshow,andotherpeoplelovethemtoo.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18.Whatcanaffectasuccessfulflight?A.Theairtemperature. B.Toomanyclouds. C.Winds.19.Whatdoesthemanadvisetouriststodo?A.Bookaflightearly. B.Wearapairofboots. C.Putonaheavycoat.20.Whenaretheflightsavailable?A.FromMarchtoOctober. B.FromOctobertoMarch. C.OnlyinMay.【答案】18.B19.B20.A【原文】Ifyou’relookingforaspecialpresentforyourselforafriend,whynotbookaflightinahotairballoon?Theseexcitingtripsgiveyouthechancetoenjoyareallyunusualviewofthecountryside.Forasuccessfulflight,weneedlightwinds.It’salsoimportantthatthere’snorainandwehaveaclearsky.Iftherearetoomanyclouds,we’llcanceltheflightandyourtripwillbearrangedforanotherdate.Thetemperatureintheairissimilartothatontheground,soyoushouldwearcausaloutdoorclothes.Also,youshouldremembertowearboots.Thisisbecauseyoumayneedtowalkthroughwetandmuddyfieldsattheendofthetrip.Allourflightstakeplaceintheeveninganddeparturetimedependsonwhenthesunsets.TheseasonstartsinMarch,andinMay,forexample,flightswouldbeat6:00pm.ThelastflightsareinOctober,andafterthatwecloseforthewinter.Ifyouwouldliketobookaflightorreceivemoreinformationabouthotairballoons,justfeelfreetocallus.Itwillbeatripyouwillneverforget.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AMakingCollegeAffordableStudyingintheUnitedStatescanbeatransformativeexperience.However,formanystudents,thecostofUSeducationcanbeamajorconcern.Here’showtofindaffordableUScollegesanduniversitiesandsomestrategiestoreducecosts.ResearchtuitionratesatpublicuniversitiesOneofthemostcost-effectivewaystostudyintheUSistolookatpublicuniversities.Publicinstitutions,particularlystateuniversities,oftenhavelowertuitionratescomparedtoprivatecolleges.Whenexploringoptions,comparetuitionratesonuniversitywebsites,focusingonthoseknownforaffordability,suchastheStateUniversityofNewYork(SUNY)systemortheCaliforniaStateUniversity(CSU)system.Considercommunitycollegesandthe2+2programInthisapproach,studentsspendthefirsttwoyearsatacommunitycollegeandthentransfertoafour-yearuniversitytocompletetheirbachelor’sdegree.Communitycollegeshavesignificantlylowertuitionfees,oftenlessthanhalfofwhatafour-yearuniversitycharge.Byattendingacommunitycollegefirst,studentscansavethousandsofdollars.LookforscholarshipsforinternationalstudentsManyUScollegesofferscholarshipsspecificallyforinternationalstudents.Thesescholarshipscancoverpartoftuition,sometimesevenfulltuition.Whenresearchingschools,checktheir“InternationalStudentFinancialAid”or“Scholarships”sections.Applyingforthesecanhelpreducefinancialstress,butbemindfulofdeadlinesandrequirementsastheyvarywidely.ChooseschoolsinregionswithlowerlivingcostsThecostoflivingcanvarysignificantlybetweenUScitiesandregions.Forinstance,livingexpensesaregenerallylowerintheMidwestandtheSouthernUScomparedtocoastalareaslikeCaliforniaandNewYork.Whenlookingataffordableeducation,considerschoolsinstateslikeOhio,KansasandAlabama,whererent,foodandtransportationcostsareoftenlower.21.Whoisthepassageintendedfor?A.Collegeswithoverseasstudents.B.Studentswhoconsiderstudyingabroad.C.Parentswhohaveelementaryschoolstudents.D.Teacherswhoguidestudentscareerplanning.22.Whatshouldtheinternationalstudentsbeawareof?A.Thetuitionratesofprivatecolleges.B.ThelocationsofcommunitycollegesC.ThevarietyoflivingconditionsintheUSA.D.Thedifferencesbetweencollegesinscholarshipapplication.23.Whatmakesthestate,Ohio,apreferenceforstudyingintheUSA?A.Itsgoodweather. B.Itslivingcosts.C.Itslonghistory. D.Itsdeliciousfood.【答案】21.B22.D23.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章为那些考虑在美国留学的学生提供了关于如何选择经济实惠的大学和减少学习成本的建议。【21题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“StudyingintheUnitedStatescanbeatransformativeexperience.However,formanystudents,thecostofUSeducationcanbeamajorconcern.Here’showtofindaffordableUScollegesanduniversitiesandsomestrategiestoreducecosts.(在美国学习可以是一次变革性的经历。然而，对于许多学生来说，美国教育的成本是一个主要的担忧。这里是如何找到经济实惠的美国大学和一些减少成本的策略)”可知，这篇文章是为那些考虑在美国留学的学生准备的。故选B项。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据文章“Lookforscholarshipsforinternationalstudents(为国际学生寻找奖学金)”部分的句子“Applyingforthesecanhelpreducefinancialstress,butbemindfulofdeadlinesandrequirementsastheyvarywidely.(申请这些奖学金可以帮助减轻经济压力，但要注意截止日期和要求，因为它们变化很大)”可知，国际学生应该注意奖学金申请的截止日期和要求。故选D项。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的句子“Forinstance,livingexpensesaregenerallylowerintheMidwestandtheSouthernUScomparedtocoastalareaslikeCaliforniaandNewYork.Whenlookingataffordableeducation,considerschoolsinstateslikeOhio,KansasandAlabama,whererent,foodandtransportationcostsareoftenlower.(例如，与加利福尼亚和纽约等沿海地区相比，美国中西部和南部的生活费用通常较低。在寻找经济实惠的教育时，考虑俄亥俄州、堪萨斯州和阿拉巴马州等州的学校，那里的房租、食物和交通费用通常较低)”可知，俄亥俄州的生活成本较低，这使得它成为在美国学习的一个好选择。故选B项。BIwasatthegroceryshoppickinguplast-minuteitemsforEasterdinnerwhenIspottedfromthecornerofmyeyethemostwonderfulflowerIhadeverseen.Itwas,asIlaterlearned,apeony(牡丹).“They’resobeautiful,aren’tthey?”saidthecashier.“Yes,”Ireplied,pleasedthatIwasgoingtobuymyselfflowers.I’dneverdonethisbefore.Onthewayhome,IwonderedwhyIhadneverreallybeendrawntoanyflowersbefore.Afterall,I’dbeenonthisearthforoverhalfacentury.GrowingupinEngland,myimmigrant(移民)familyviewedflowersasunnecessarysincesurvivalwasourpriority.Dadworkedontherailways,andMom,beforeherillness,workedinafactory.Oursmallgardenwasfilledwithvegetablesinsteadofflowers,asMomandDadoftensaid,“Thesewillkeepusaliveifwecan’tgetthemfromtheshop.”Wealsobuiltanundergroundoven,whereMomandDadwouldmakeflatbreadthewaytheyhadmadeitbackhome.ThesmellofthisflatbreadcomfortedusandmakeustakerootinEngland.WhenMother’sDaycame,Momwouldsay,“Whywastemoneyonflowers?They’lljustdie.Buyshoesorcoatsinstead.”So,wekidsmadefoodforherathome.Mymotherpassedawayyearsagoafteralongillness.Ifshewerestillalivetoday,she’dprobablyshakeherheadatmeforbuyingflowers.Butstill,IwishI’dhadthechancetoshowherthisbeautifulflowerandbuyitforheronMother’sDay.“Look,Mom,”Isayaloud.“Iboughtmyselfapeony.ThankyouforgivingupyourhomeandlifetocometothiscountrysothatIcouldhaveopportunitiesthatyouneverhad,andsoIcouldgivemyselftheseunnecessarybutbeautifulflowers.”24.Whydidtheauthorbuyherselfflowersonearth?A.Sheboughtflowersforfun. B.ShewantedtocelebrateEaster.C.Shewantedtopleasethecashier. D.Shedecidedtotreatherselfwithflowers.25.Whatdidthevegetablegardenmeantotheauthor’sparents?A.Beauty. B.Survival. C.Hometown. D.Gift.26.Howdidtheauthor’smotherfeelaboutbuyingflowersforMother’sDay?A.Itwasunnecessary. B.Itwasuncommon.C.Itwasbeyondimagination. D.Itwasoutoffashion.27.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?A.Lifeisfullofregrets.B.Sheshouldhaveboughtflowersearlier.C.Whathermotherdiddeservesherappreciation.D.Opportunitiesaregoneandnevercomeback.【答案】24.D25.B26.A27.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在五十岁买了人生第一束鲜花而回馈自己时，回忆作为移民第一代的母亲，舍弃故乡的一切，含辛茹苦在英国养大孩子，母亲从未给自己买过鲜花，甚至过母亲节时，也拒绝买花庆祝，一生勤俭直至病故，作者在买到花束后很感念母亲的牺牲付出。【24题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Onthewayhome,IwonderedwhyIhadneverreallybeendrawntoanyflowersbefore.Afterall,I’dbeenonthisearthforoverhalfacentury.(在回家的路上，我想知道为什么我以前从未真正被任何花所吸引。毕竟，我已经在这个世界上生活了半个多世纪。)”和最后一段的“ThankyouforgivingupyourhomeandlifetocometothiscountrysothatIcouldhaveopportunitiesthatyouneverhad,andsoIcouldgivemyselftheseunnecessarybutbeautifulflowers.(谢谢你放弃你的家和生活来到这个国家，这样我就可以有你从未有过的机会，这样我就能给自己这些不必要但美丽的花。)”可知，作者买花的真实原因是补偿自己年轻时错失的善待自己的机会。故选D。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“GrowingupinEngland,myimmigrantfamilyviewedflowersasunnecessarysincesurvivalwasourpriority.(我在英国长大，我的移民家庭认为花是不必要的，因为生存是我们的首要任务。)”及“Oursmallgardenwasfilledwithvegetablesinsteadofflowers,asMomandDadoftensaid,“Thesewillkeepusaliveifwecan’tgetthemfromtheshop.”(我们的小花园里种满了蔬菜而不是鲜花，就像爸爸妈妈常说的那样：“如果我们不能从商店里买到这些花，这些就够我们活下去了。”)”可知，菜园对作者的父母来说意味着生存。故选B。【26题详析】细节理解题。根据第六段中的“WhenMother’sDaycame,Momwouldsay,“Whywastemoneyonflowers?They’lljustdie.Buyshoesorcoatsinstead.(母亲节到来时，妈妈会说：“为什么要浪费钱买花？它们会死的。买鞋子或外套吧。)”可知，母亲认为买花过节是没必要的浪费。故选A。【27题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“ThankyouforgivingupyourhomeandlifetocometothiscountrysothatIcouldhaveopportunitiesthatyouneverhad,andsoIcouldgivemyselftheseunnecessarybutbeautifulflowers.(谢谢你放弃你的家和生活来到这个国家，这样我就可以有你从未有过的机会，这样我就能给自己这些不必要但美丽的花。)”可知，作者十分感激母亲所做的牺牲为儿女换来别样的人生。故选C。CManythinkthatlanguageiswhatsetshumansapartfromotheranimals,andbelievethattothink,weneedlanguage.BritishphilosopherBertrandRussellevenreportedin1948thatnointelligentthinkingcantakeplacewithoutlanguage.However,arecentNaturestudysuggestsotherwise.Itfoundthatlanguageandthoughtaretwodistinctentities(实体),workinginseparatepartsofthebrain.Theyare,inshort,“farmoreindependentthanweimagined”,wroteZMEScience.Thestudy,conductedbyscientistsfromtheUS,exploredthelanguage-thoughtrelationship,usingtworesearchmethods.First,theystudiedpeoplewithglobalaphasia(全失语症),whohavelostmuchoftheirabilitytounderstandorspeakduetodamagetotheleftsideoftheirbrain.However,theycanstillfinishcomplextasks.“Youcanaskpeoplewithglobalaphasiatosolvemathproblemsorperformsocialreasoningtests,andaslongastheinstructionsarenon-verbal(非语言的),theycansucceed,”EvelinaFedorenko,oneofthestudy’sauthorsattheUSMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,toldZMEScience.Theresearchersalsousedbrain-imaging(脑成像)toolstostudythebrainsofhealthyvolunteersperformingnon-verbaltasks,likesolvingpuzzlesandplanning.Theyfoundthatthebrain’slanguageareasweremostlyinactiveduring-suchactivities.Inotherwords,wegenerallyneedlanguagetoexpressourthoughtsbutwecanstillthinkwithoutwords.So,iflanguageisn’tnecessaryforthinking,thenwhydidhumansdevelopit?Fedorenkosaidlanguageservesmainlyasatoolforcommunication.“Amongmostofthethingsthatyoulearnedabouttheworld,youlearnedthroughlanguageandnotthroughdirectexperiencewiththeworld,”shesaid.Bybeingabletosharecomplexinformationthroughlanguage,humansgainedanevolutionaryadvantage.Althoughlanguagedoesnotgiverisetothoughts,pastresearchshowsthathowwespeakcanheavilyinfluencehowwethink.Forexample,theEnglishphrase“hefiredthegun”isusuallyunderstoodas“thegunwentoff”inJapanese.Asaresult,EnglishspeakersaremorelikelytofocusonthepersonresponsibleforanaccidentthanJapanesespeakers,accordingtoPsychologyToday.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“distinct”mean?A.Different. B.Dependent. C.Exact. D.Similar.29.Whatcanbelearntaboutthepeoplewith“globalaphasia”?A.Theyhavelostalltheirabilitytotalk.B.Theybehaveinactivelyduringphysicalactivities.C.Theycancarryoutsocialreasoningtestsfollowingnonverbaldirections.D.Theycanperformbetterinsolvingmathproblemsthanhealthypeople.30.Whyislanguageneededaccordingtothetext?A.Itmakeshumanthinkingpossible.B.Itbenefitspeopletogainexperience.C.Itservesastheonlytoolforhumanlearning.D.Itenablesinformationtobeunderstoodbyhumans.31.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Languageshapesthewaywethink.B.Humanscanthinkindependentlyoflanguage.C.Languageandthoughtarecompletelyrelated.D.Humanscanlivewithoutthinkingandlanguage.【答案】28.A29.C30.D31.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了语言和思维的关系，指出两者是独立的，语言并非思考的必要条件，但语言在交流和影响思维方式上起重要的作用。【28题详析】词句猜测题。根据第一段“Itfoundthatlanguageandthoughtaretwodistinctentities(实体),workinginseparatepartsofthebrain.Theyare,inshort,“farmoreindependentthanweimagined”,wroteZMEScience.(研究发现，语言和思维是两个distinct实体，在大脑的不同部位工作。简而言之，它们“比我们想象的要独立得多”，ZMEScience写道)”可知，语言和思维是互相独立的，也就是二者并不相同。由此可知，划线词distinct意为“不同的”。故选A项。【29题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Youcanaskpeoplewithglobalaphasiatosolvemathproblemsorperformsocialreasoningtests,andaslongastheinstructionsarenon-verbal(非语言的),theycansucceed.(你可以要求患有全失语症的人解决数学问题或进行社会推理测试，只要指导是非语言的，他们就能成功)”可知，患有全失语症的人可以在非语言指导下完成社会推理测试。故选C项。【30题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Fedorenkosaidlanguageservesmainlyasatoolforcommunication.Bybeingabletosharecomplexinformationthroughlanguage,humansgainedanevolutionaryadvantage.(Fedorenko说，语言主要是一种交流工具。通过语言分享复杂信息，人类获得了进化优势)”可推知，语言的主要作用是帮助人们理解和交流信息。故选D项。【31题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Itfoundthatlanguageandthoughtaretwodistinctentities(实体),workinginseparatepartsofthebrain.Theyare,inshort,“farmoreindependentthanweimagined”,wroteZMEScience.(研究发现，语言和思维是两个不同地的实体，在大脑的不同部位工作。简而言之，它们“比我们想象的要独立得多”，ZMEScience写道)”可知，文章主要探讨了语言和思维之间的关系，特别是语言是否是人类进行思考的必要条件。由此可知，本文的主要讲述了人类可以在没有语言的情况下独立思考。故选B项。DNomatterhowbrightandclearbigcitiescanbe,thebirdslivingtheremightbegettinglesscolorful.ArecentstudypublishedinthejournalLandscapeandPlanninglookedat547birdspeciesinChinaandfoundthatcitybirdshavedarkercolorsthanvillagebirds.Urbanizationmayhavereducedthebrightnessoftheircolors.Forcitybirdsthatlookdirty,evenifwegavethemagoodclean,theystillwouldn’tbeasbrightasvillagebirds.Thisisbecausepollution,especiallyheavymetals,caninteractwithmelanin(黑色素)inbirdsbodies.Melaninisthepigment(色素)thatmakesfeathersblack,brownandgrey.Studiesshowedthatmelanincanmixwithheavymetalslikeleadintheenvironmentandproducetoxiccompounds(有毒化合物).Thesetoxiccompoundsaremorelikelytobestoredinthefeathersofbirds.Surprisingly,thiscangivethemasurvivaladvantage.KevinMcGraw,abiologistatMichiganStateUniversityintheUS,toldTheNewYorkTimes,“Themoremelaninyoumake,thebetterableyouaretoseparatetheseharmfulcompoundsinfeathers.”Forstoringtheharmfulcompoundsintheirfeathers,thesebirdspreventthemfromenteringtheirbodies,wheretheycouldcausemoredamage.Thisiswhytherearemoredarkerbirdsincityareas.Furthermore,citypollutioncausescitytreestostorefewercarotenoids(类胡萝卜素)comparedtovillageplants.Carotenoidsarenaturalpigmentsthatmakeredpeppersredandcarrotsorange.Justaseatingcarotenoid-richcarrotscangivehumanskinalittledark,eatingcarotenoid-richwormsthatfeedontreeleavesmakesbirds’feathersyellow,orangeandred.“Birdscannotproducecarotenoids,”GermanbirdexpertKasparDelheytoldTheNewYorkTimes.“Theyneedtogetthemfromtheirfood.”Withoutacarotenoid-richdiet,thecoloroftheirfeatherswon’tchange.Carotenoidsalsohelpbirdsstayhealthybysupportingtheirimmune(免疫的)systems.Therefore,birdsthatdon’tgetenoughofthesepigmentsmightnotbeashealthy.Thedullcolorsofcitybirdsarenotjustaboutlooks;theyareawarningsign.“Itmeansthatthehabitatmightbeoflowerquality,”Delheysaid.32.Whatdowelearnaboutmelanin?A.Itisaheavymetal. B.Itdoesdamagetobirds.C.Itmakesbirdsappeardarker. D.Itisaproductofcitypollutiononbirds.33.Howdothetoxiccompoundsaffectthecitybirds?A.Theyarefriendlytobirds’feathers.B.Theyhaveanadvantageovermelanin.C.Theycan’tbepreventedinthecitybirdbodies.D.Theyareresponsibleformoredarkerbirdsincities.34.Whatisthecorrectdescriptionofcarotenoids?A.Carotenoidsareproducedinbirdbodies.B.Carotenoidscanserveasimmunemedicine.C.Carotenoidsstoreintreesisreducedforcitypollution.D.Carotenoid-richcarrotsarenecessaryfoodforbirdswithcolorfulfeathers.35.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Todisclosethatcitybirdshaveworselivingconditions.B.Toexplainthereasonwhybirdslackhealthyfoodsupplies.C.Toexpressthatcitybirdsdependmoreontoxiccompounds.D.Tostressthatcitybirdshavegainedadvantagesovervillagebirds.【答案】32.C33.D34.C35.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是城市鸟类羽毛颜色变暗的原因及其反映的城市生态环境问题。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Melaninisthepigment(色素)thatmakesfeathersblack,brownandgrey.(黑色素是使羽毛呈现黑色、棕色和灰色的色素。)”可知，黑色素会让鸟类看起来颜色更深。故选C项。【33题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Studiesshowedthatmelanincanmixwithheavymetalslikeleadintheenvironmentandproducetoxiccompounds(有毒化合物).Thesetoxiccompoundsaremorelikelytobestoredinthefeathersofbirds.(研究表明，黑色素可以与环境中的铅等重金属混合，产生有毒化合物。这些有毒化合物更有可能储存在鸟类的羽毛中。)”以及“Forstoringtheharmfulcompoundsintheirfeathers,thesebirdspreventthemfromenteringtheirbodies,wheretheycouldcausemoredamage.Thisiswhytherearemoredarkerbirdsincityareas.(通过将有害化合物储存在羽毛中，这些鸟类防止它们进入体内，否则它们会造成更多伤害。这就是城市地区有更多颜色较深的鸟类的原因。)”可知，有毒化合物导致城市中颜色较深的鸟类增多。故选D项。【34题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Furthermore,citypollutioncausescitytreestostorefewercarotenoids(类胡萝卜素)comparedtovillageplants.(此外，城市污染导致城市树木储存的类胡萝卜素比乡村植物少。)”可知，由于城市污染，树木中类胡萝卜素的储存量减少。故选C项。【35题详析】推理判断题。根据首段中的“Nomatterhowbrightandclearbigcitiescanbe,thebirdslivingtheremightbegettinglesscolorful.(无论大城市多么明亮清澈，那里的鸟类可能正在变得不那么色彩鲜艳。)”及最后一段中的“Thedullcolorsofcitybirdsarenotjustaboutlooks;theyareawarningsign.“Itmeansthatthehabitatmightbeoflowerquality,”Delheysaid.(城市鸟类暗淡的颜色不仅仅与外观有关；它们是一种警告信号。“这意味着栖息地的质量可能较低，”德尔海说。)”可知，文章目的是为了说明鸟类在城市中由于污染的影响导致鸟毛的颜色越来越深，即，对于在城市生存的鸟类，他们的生活环境越来越恶劣。故选A项。第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ThemovieI,Robot,wasreleasedin2004,thesettingofwhichisinaworldpopulatedbyhighlyintelligenthumanlikerobots.____36____.Andwhatseemedlikesciencefictionbackthencouldsoonendupbeingclosertoreality.Themarketforhumanlikerobotsisgrowingmuchfasterthanexpertsfirstthought.RecentresearchfromGoldmanSachsshowsthatby2035,thenumberofhumanlikerobotsshippedisexpectedtoreach1.4millionunitsatleast.____37____.Hepredictstherewillbearound10billionhumanoidrobotsontheplanetby2040.Newtechnologycalledroboticlargelanguagemodelsallowsrobotstolearntaskswithoutbeingprogrammedforeverylittlemovement.Thismeansrobotscannowadapttonewsituationsmuchquicker.Robotpartsarebecomingcheaperandtherearemoresupplierstochoosefrom.____38____.____39____.Domesticrobotswilllikelystartoutmostlyhelpingwithcleaningtasksandforcompanionship.Theirincreasedmobilityandcarryingabilityshouldimmediatelyhelptheelderlyanddisabled.ThedomesticationofAI-drivenrobotscomeswithmoralandethical(道德)concerns.____40____.Insucha“blue-sky”situation,whereinnovationdevelopsrapidlyanddemandrisesquickly,humanlikerobotswillbecomethenext“must-have”deviceinhouseholdsandworkplaces.A.Therobotrevolutioniscoming.B.However,therewillberewardingopportunities.C.Andit’salmostinlinewithElonMusk’sprediction.D.Thecostofbuildingtheserobotsisalsodroppingfast.E.Theycouldevenbeanimportantpartofyourhomesecurity.F.Interestingly,whatwasonceafar-offfutureisnowonlyastepaway.G.Withinjustoveradecade,ordinarypeoplebeginbringingrobotsintotheirhomes.【答案】36.F37.C38.D39.G40.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人形机器人市场发展迅速，新技术让机器人更智能，还面临道德伦理问题。【36题详析】根据上文“ThemovieI,Robot,wasreleasedin2004,thesettingofwhichisinaworldpopulatedbyhighlyinte