山西省临汾市部分学校2024-2025学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山西省临汾市部分学校2024-2025学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAbstractpaintingisanexcitingandexpressiveartformthatallowsartiststobreakfreefromtraditionallimitationsandexploretheircreativity.IntroductiontoAbstractPainting,acourseledbyexperiencedartistJoshJensen,offersacomprehensiveintroductiontotheworldofabstractart.Whetheryouareabeginneroranadvancedartist,thiscoursewillhelpyoudiscovernewformsofexpressionanddevelopyouruniquestyle.Inthiscourse,youwilllearnthefundamentalsofabstractpainting,includingdesign,compositionandcolortheory.Throughpracticalexercisesandlessons,youwillexplorevarioustechniquesandtoolsusedinabstractart.ThecourselookscloselyatthephilosophyofAbstractExpressionism,tracingitsrootsinarthistoryandexamininghowithasevolvedovertime.Thisjourneywillenableyoutodevelopyourownvisuallanguageandunderstandtheconversationbetweentheartworkandtheartist.JoshJensen,influencedbyfamousartistslikeMarkRothkoandEdwardHopper,willguideyouthroughtheprocessofcreatingbothsmallexperimentalpiecesandalarge-scalecanvas(画布).Youwilllearnhowtomakelargemarksandshapeswithcharcoal,addlayersofcolorandfinishyourpiecewithconfidence.Thecourseconsistsof23lessonsand20downloadableresources,providingastructuredyetflexiblelearningexperience.Bytheendofthecourse,youwillcreatealargeabstractpainting(48×48)usingtheskillsandtechniquesyou’velearned.Thisprojectwillchallengeyoutoapplyyourknowledgetoalargerformat,allowingyoutoexperimentwithcolor,shapeandmovement.Enjoyunlimitedaccessduringyour7-dayfreetrial.Afterthetrial,it’s¥91.58/month.Jointhiscoursetounlockyourcreativity,exploretheemotionaldepthofabstractart,anddevelopyourownuniqueartisticvoice.1.WhoisJoshJensen?A.Aninstructor. B.Atraditionalpainter.C.Ateachingassistant. D.Abeginnerinabstractart.2.WhatisthefinalprojectofIntroductiontoAbstractPainting?A.Designanewpaintingtool. B.Writeanessayaboutabstractart.C.Makea48“×48”abstractpainting. D.Createasmallexperimentalpiece.3.Whatisthetext?A.Aproductreview. B.Anadvertisement.C.Acourseevaluation. D.Alearningguide.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一门抽象画课程的内容、师资、费用及报名方式。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“IntroductiontoAbstractPainting,acourseledbyexperiencedartistJoshJensen,offersacomprehensiveintroductiontotheworldofabstractart.(抽象绘画入门，由经验丰富的艺术家JoshJensen领导的课程，提供了对抽象艺术世界的全面介绍)”可知，乔什·詹森是讲师。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Bytheendofthecourse,youwillcreatealargeabstractpainting(48×48)usingtheskillsandtechniquesyou’velearned.(在课程结束时，你将使用你学到的技能和技巧创建一个大型抽象画（48×48）)”可知，抽象画导论的期末课题是制作一幅48×48的抽象画。故选C。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Abstractpaintingisanexcitingandexpressiveartformthatallowsartiststobreakfreefromtraditionallimitationsandexploretheircreativity.IntroductiontoAbstractPainting,acourseledbyexperiencedartistJoshJensen,offersacomprehensiveintroductiontotheworldofabstractart.Whetheryouareabeginneroranadvancedartist,thiscoursewillhelpyoudiscovernewformsofexpressionanddevelopyouruniquestyle.(抽象画是一种令人兴奋和富有表现力的艺术形式，它可以让艺术家摆脱传统的限制，探索他们的创造力。抽象绘画入门，由经验丰富的艺术家JoshJensen领导的课程，提供了对抽象艺术世界的全面介绍。无论您是初学者还是高级艺术家，本课程都将帮助您发现新的表达形式并发展您独特的风格)”结合全文介绍课程内容、师资、费用及报名方式。由此可知，文章是一篇广告。故选B。BRoaldDahl(1916-1990)wasabelovedBritishchildren’sauthorwhoseimaginativetalesandplayfullanguageredefinedchildhoodliterature.BorninCardifftoNorwegianparents,Dahldiscoveredhispassionforstorytellingatayoungage.Hisuniquelifeexperiences,includinghistimeatboardingschools,inspiredthevividstorieshewouldlatercreate.AfterworkingforShellPetroleum,Dahlturnedtowritingandpublishedhisfirstchildren’sbook,TheGremlins(1943),whichwasinspiredbyfolktalesandcommissioned(委托)byWaltDisney.However,itwashislaterworksthattrulyestablishedhisreputation.BookslikeJamesandtheGiantPeachandTheBFGcombinedfantasywithdarkhumor,featuringbravechildrenovercomingtoughproblems.OneofDahl’smostpopularworksisCharlieandtheChocolateFactory(1964).ThistimelessstoryexploresthemesofgreedandmoralitythroughtheeyesofCharlieBucket,apoorbutkind-heartedboywhowinsagoldentickettotourWillyWonka’smagicalchocolatefactory.Insidethefactory,Charliemeetsotherchildrenwhorepresentdifferentnegativequalities.Incontrast,Charlie’smodestyandkindnessmakehimtheperfectheir(继承人)toWonka’sfactory.Thebookisfilledwithfantasticalelements,suchaseatablegardensandnut-sortingsquirrels,showcasingDahl’slimitlessimagination.Dahl’swritingprocesswasasquirkyashisstories.Inthe1960s,hetransformedanoldtruckintoawritingspace,parkingitinhisgardeninGreatMissenden,Oxfordshire.There,hecraftedtalesofunderdogswinningovergreedandunfairness,suchasinDannytheChampionoftheWorld,whereafatherandsonoutsmartawealthylandowner.Beyondchildren’sbooks,Dahlwrotescreenplays,includingChittyChittyBangBangandtheJamesBondfilmYouOnlyLiveTwice.Hisadultshortstorieswerealsohighlypraised.Despitepersonalstruggles,hisworkradiatedhumorandhope.InapollcommissionedbyCanonUK,Dahlwasvoted“Britain’sgreateststoryteller”,outshiningevenDickensandJ.K.Rowling.RoaldDahl’sbookshavebeentranslatedinto63languagesandcontinuetoinspiregenerationstoembraceimagination,challengeunfairnessandfindjoyintheunexpected.4.Accordingtothetext,RoaldDahl’schildhoodexperiences______.A.madehimhatewritingatfirst B.influencedhiswritinginalimitedwayC.providedrichmaterialforhiswriting D.hadagreateffectonhischaracter5.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.ThethemeofDahl’sfirstbook. B.Thebriefintroductiontoabook.C.ThewritingstyleofDahl’sbooks. D.Theimpactofchildren’sworksonkids.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“quirky”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Unusual. B.Boring. C.Predictable. D.Serious.7.WhatcanwelearnaboutRoaldDahlfromthetext?A.HedislikedotherBritishauthors.B.HisbooksweremorepopularthanDickens’.C.HewrotemorebooksthanJ.K.Rowlingdid.D.HisstorytellingwashighlyregardedinBritain.【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了英国著名儿童作家罗尔德·达尔的生平、作品及其影响。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Hisuniquelifeexperiences,includinghistimeatboardingschools,inspiredthevividstorieshewouldlatercreate.(他独特的人生经历，包括在寄宿学校的时光，激发了他后来创作的生动故事)”可知，罗尔德·达尔的童年经历为他后来的写作提供了丰富的素材。故选C。【5题详析】主旨大意题。根据第三段“OneofDahl’smostpopularworksis

CharlieandtheChocolateFactory

(1964).ThistimelessstoryexploresthemesofgreedandmoralitythroughtheeyesofCharlieBucket,apoorbutkind-heartedboywhowinsagoldentickettotourWillyWonka’smagicalchocolatefactory.Insidethefactory,Charliemeetsotherchildrenwhorepresentdifferentnegativequalities.Incontrast,Charlie’smodestyandkindnessmakehimtheperfectheirtoWonka’sfactory.Thebookisfilledwithfantasticalelements,suchaseatablegardensandnut-sortingsquirrels,showcasingDahl’slimitlessimagination.(达尔最受欢迎的作品之一是《查理和巧克力工厂》(1964)。这个永恒的故事通过穷困但心地善良的男孩查理·巴克特的视角，探讨了贪婪和道德的主题，查理赢得了一张参观威利·旺卡神奇巧克力工厂的金票。在工厂里，查理遇到了其他代表不同负面品质的孩子。相比之下，查理的谦逊和善良使他成为旺卡工厂的完美继承人。这本书充满了奇幻元素，比如可食用的花园和坚果分类松鼠，展示了达尔无限的想象力)”可知，第三段主要是对《查理和巧克力工厂》这本书的简要介绍。故选B。【6题详析】词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“Inthe1960s,hetransformedanoldtruckintoawritingspace,parkingitinhisgardeninGreatMissenden,Oxfordshire.(20世纪60年代，他把一辆旧卡车改造成写作空间，停放在牛津郡大米森登的花园里)”可知，罗尔德·达尔的写作过程很奇特、不寻常，划线词与A选项Unusual“不寻常的”意义相近。故选A。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“InapollcommissionedbyCanonUK,Dahlwasvoted“Britain’sgreateststoryteller”,outshiningevenDickensandJ.K.Rowling.(在佳能英国公司委托进行的一项民意调查中，达尔被评为“英国最伟大的讲故事的人”，甚至超过了狄更斯和J.K.罗琳)”可推知，罗尔德·达尔在英国的讲故事才能得到了高度评价。故选D。CSomepeoplearenolongerjustbrushingtheirteethandturningoffthelightsbeforetheygotosleep.Instead,they’rewearingred-lightglasses,trackingtheirsleepwithapps,andtakingvarioussupplements(补充剂)—allsotheycansleepbetter.Thistrend,called“sleepmaxxing”,ispopularonline,withvideosshowingoffpeople’slong,detailedbedtimeroutines.Somefollowsimplesleeptips,likekeepingaregularbedtimeoravoidingscreensbeforebed.Otherstakethingsfurtherbyeatingcertainfoods,usingweightedblankets,andeventapingtheirmouthsclosedtoimprovetheirsleep.Expertssayit’sgoodthatmorepeoplearefocusingonimprovingtheirsleep,asitshowstheyunderstandhowimportantrestisfortheirhealth.Butdoalltheseextrastepsactuallyhelp?Somesleepmaxxinghabitsaresupportedbyscience.Bothsleepmaxxersandexpertsagreethatacool,darkandquietroomhelpswithsleep.Avoidingbluelightfromscreensbeforebedcanalsohelpsinceitaffectsmelatonin,thesleephormone(激素).Andkeepingaregularsleepschedulemakesfallingasleepeasier.Othertricks,likesleepappsandweightedblankets,mayhelpsomepeoplebutdon’tworkforeveryone.Similarly,somestudiesshowredlightexposurebeforesleephelps,whileotherssuggestitcouldkeepthebrainstimulated.Andsometrendscouldevenbedangerous.Somesleepmaxxerstapetheirmouthsshuttopreventmouthbreathing,believingitwillreducesnoring(打鼾)anddrymouth.However,expertswarnthiscanberisky,especiallyforthosewithsleepapnea,aconditionthatcausesbreathingtostopandstartduringsleep.That’sbecausethereisevidencethatsleepapneasymptoms,suchassnoring,getworseinaboutathirdofpeoplewhotapetheirmouths.Whilegettinggoodsleepisimportant,expertssaytryingtoohardcanactuallymakethingsworse.Somepeoplebecomesostressedaboutsleepthatitaffectstheirhealth—aconditionknownasorthosomnia.Remember,sleepshouldberestful,notstressful!8.Whatis“sleepmaxxing”?A.Acrazeforimprovingsleep. B.Anewtypeofexercise.C.Akindofsleepdisorder. D.Amedicaltreatment.9.Whichstatementwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Allsleepmaxxinghabitsaresupportedbyscience.B.Sleepappsandweightedblanketsworkforeveryone.C.Awarmroomisbeneficialforsleepaccordingtosleepmaxxers.D.Redlightexposurebeforesleephasinconsistenteffectsinstudies.10.Whyistapingthemouthshutrisky?A.Itincreasessnoring. B.Itcanworsensleepapnea.C.Itaffectsmelatonin. D.Itcanleadtodrymouth.11.Whatisthemainconcernofexpertsabout“sleepmaxxing”?A.It’sawasteoftime. B.It’stoocomplextofollow.C.Itreliestoomuchontechnology. D.Itmaycausestressandhealthrisks.【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“睡眠优化”这一现象及其利弊。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Somepeoplearenolongerjustbrushingtheirteethandturningoffthelightsbeforetheygotosleep.Instead,they’rewearingred-lightglasses,trackingtheirsleepwithapps,andtakingvarioussupplements—allsotheycansleepbetter.(一些人不再仅仅是在睡前刷个牙、关上灯就了事。相反，他们会戴上防红光眼镜，用应用程序追踪自己的睡眠情况，还会服用各种补充剂——所有这些都是为了能睡得更好)”及第二段“Thistrend,called‘sleepmaxxing’,ispopularonline,(这种被称为“睡眠优化”的趋势在网上很流行)”可知，sleepmaxxing是指人们为了睡得更好而采取各种方法，是一种改善睡眠的热潮。故选A。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段“Similarly,somestudiesshowredlightexposurebeforesleephelps,whileotherssuggestitcouldkeepthebrainstimulated.(同样，一些研究表明睡前接触红光有帮助，而另一些研究表明它可能会使大脑保持兴奋)”可知，研究表明，睡前接触红光的效果并不一致。故选D。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第六段“However,expertswarnthiscanberisky,especiallyforthosewithsleepapnea,aconditionthatcausesbreathingtostopandstartduringsleep.That’sbecausethereisevidencethatsleepapneasymptoms,suchassnoring,getworseinaboutathirdofpeoplewhotapetheirmouths.(然而，专家警告说，这可能是有风险的，尤其是对于那些患有睡眠呼吸暂停症的人来说，这种疾病会导致睡眠期间呼吸停止和开始。这是因为有证据表明，大约三分之一用胶带封住嘴巴的人，睡眠呼吸暂停症状（如打鼾）会加重)”可知，把嘴闭上有风险是因为它可能会使睡眠呼吸暂停的症状恶化。故选B。【11题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Whilegettinggoodsleepisimportant,expertssaytryingtoohardcanactuallymakethingsworse.Somepeoplebecomesostressedaboutsleepthatitaffectstheirhealth—aconditionknownasorthosomnia.Remember,sleepshouldberestful,notstressful!(虽然获得良好的睡眠很重要，但专家表示，过于努力可能会让事情变得更糟。有些人对睡眠感到如此焦虑，以至于影响了他们的健康——这种情况被称为睡眠健康强迫症。记住，睡眠应该是放松的，而不是有压力的！)”可知，专家对“睡眠优化”的主要担忧是它可能会导致压力和健康风险。故选D。DAnewstudywarnsthatextremetemperatures,mainlyheat,couldcauseupto2.3milliondeathsinEuropeby2100ifnationsfailtoreducecarbonemissions(碳排放)andadapttohotterclimates.WhilecoldweathercurrentlycausesmoredeathsinEurope,researchersfromtheLondonSchoolofHygiene&TropicalMedicinepredictheat-relateddeathswillrisesharplyasglobalwarmingspeedsup.Usingclimatemodelsanddatafrom854cities,thestudyfindsthatasitwarms,cold-relateddeathsdeclineslowly,butheatdeathsriserapidly.SouthernEurope—includingItaly,SpainandGreece—facesthehighestrisks.Incontrast,ScandinaviaandtheUKmayseefewertemperature-relateddeathsduetomilderwinters.However,evenwithstrongemissioncutsandimprovedadaptationefforts,overalltemperature-relateddeathswillstillincreaseastheplanetwarms.TheMediterraneanregion,describedasa“climatehotspot”,iswarmingfasterthanotherareas.Malta,forexample,couldseeheatdeathsriseby269per100,000peopleby2100,whileIreland’sratemightdropslightly.WealthierWesternEuropeancountriesareinabettersituationtoadaptthanEasternEurope.RecentheatwaveshavealreadycausedthousandsofdeathsinEurope,suchasthe2003eventthatkilledaround70,000.MajorsoutherncitieslikeBarcelona,RomeandNaplescouldfacehundredsofthousandsofadditionaldeathsthiscentury.Withouturgentaction,thestudyestimatesover5.8millionheat-relateddeathslinkedtoclimatechange,thoughcolderregionsmightsee3.5millionfewercold-relateddeaths.Expertsemphasizetheneedforadaptationstrategies,suchasairconditioning,greenspacesandcoolingcenters,especiallyinagingpopulationsandoldercitieswithlimitedfacilities.SouthernEurope’scombinationofextremeheat,olderhousingandlowairconditioningusemakesithighlyendangered.“TemperaturesincitieslikeRomealreadyreachdangerouslevels,”saysDr.CourtneyHoward,aclimatehealthexpert.“Thisposessevererisksforolderadultsandthosewithoutcoolingoptions.”Thestudyhighlightstheurgentneedforglobalemissionreductionsandlocalclimateplanningtoprotectcommunitiesfromrisingheatthreats.12.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthechangesintemperature-relateddeathsinEurope?A.Bothtypesofdeathsincreaseequally.B.Colddeathswillgrowconsiderablyby2100.C.Cold-relateddeathsdisappearcompletely.D.Heatdeathsrisefasterthanthedeclineincolddeaths.13.WhatmakesEasternEuropelessadaptablethanWesternEuropetorisingheat?A.Warmerclimate. B.Limitedfinancialresources.C.Agingpopulations. D.Relaxedemissionpolicies.14.Whatdoesthereferencetothe2003heatwaveillustrate?A.Benefitsofgreenspaces. B.Successofcoolingcenters.C.Deadlyimpactofextremeheat. D.Historicdecreaseincolddeaths.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AirConditioningCanSaveScandinaviaB.SouthernEurope’sSeriousHousingCrisisC.ClimateChangeThreatensMillionsinEuropeD.UrbanHeatIslandsandTheirPolicySolutions【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了气候变化导致欧洲高温死亡人数激增，威胁数百万人生命。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“thestudyfindsthatasitwarms,cold-relateddeathsdeclineslowly,butheatdeathsriserapidly.(研究发现，随着气候变暖，与寒冷相关的死亡人数下降缓慢，但与高温相关的死亡人数迅速上升)”可知，与高温相关的死亡上升速度快于与寒冷相关的死亡下降速度。故选D。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“WealthierWesternEuropeancountriesareinabettersituationtoadaptthanEasternEurope.(富裕的西欧国家比东欧国家更有能力适应气候变化)”可推知，东欧在适应不断升高的气温方面适应性不如西欧，是因为东欧国家经济实力不如西欧国家，即东欧国家财政资源有限。故选B。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“RecentheatwaveshavealreadycausedthousandsofdeathsinEurope,suchasthe2003eventthatkilledaround70,000.(最近的热浪已经在欧洲造成了数千人死亡，例如2003年的热浪造成了约7万人死亡)”可知，此处以2003年的热浪为例，是为了说明极端高温的致命影响。故选C。【15题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文及第一段“Anewstudywarnsthatextremetemperatures,mainlyheat,couldcauseupto2.3milliondeathsinEuropeby2100ifnationsfailtoreducecarbonemissionsandadapttohotterclimates.(一项新的研究警告说，如果各国不能减少碳排放并适应更热的气候，到2100年，极端高温可能会导致欧洲多达230万人死亡)”可知，本文主要介绍了气候变化导致欧洲高温死亡人数激增，威胁数百万人生命，C选项“气候变化威胁着数百万欧洲人”适合作为文章的标题。故选C。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Abundance(富足)isn’tabouthavingeverything.Whenyoustartseeingyourglassashalffull,theworldbecomesasourceofendlessjoyandblessings.____16____.Defineyourversion(版本)ofabundance.Everyone’sideaofabundanceisdifferent.Somefindsatisfactioninenjoyinghobbiesornatureintheirfreetime.____17____.Ifyoudon’tdefineyourownversionofsuccess,youmightendupfollowingsomeoneelse’sdreamandfeelingunsatisfied.Taketimetoreflectonwhatabundancemeanstoyouandrecognizethatyoumayalreadyhavemorethanyouthink.Appreciatewhatyoualreadyhave.Constantlypursuingmorecanleaveyoufeelinglikeyouneverhaveenough.Switchingtoanabundantmindinvolvesrecognizingandappreciatingthegoodinyourliferightnow.____18____Forexample,youcanwriteinajournalaboutyourblessingsorexpressgratitudetoothers.Findlessonsfromdisappointments.Settinghighstandardscanleadtodisappointmentwhenyoufallshort.____19____,witheachonepresentinganopportunityforlearning.Themostvaluableachievementstaketimeandeffort.Insteadofviewingchallengesasroadblocks,seethemassteppingstonestogrowth.Remember,growthisnotalwayseasy,butit’salwaysworthit.____20____Abundanceisaboutappreciatingthepresentandfindinghappinessinsmallmoments.It’snotaboutgettingeverythingyouwant.Taketimetoenjoysimplepleasures,likeawarmcupofcoffeeorahugfromafriend.Byexperiencingtheselittlethings,you’llfindthemagicineverydaylifeandtrulyliveabundantly.A.FindjoyinthelittlethingsB.KeepworkingtowardsyourdreamsC.Here’showtodevelopasenseofabundanceD.OthersfindpurposeinservingtheircommunityE.However,challengesareanunavoidableaspectoflifeF.SimpledailypracticescanhelpchangeyourstateofmindG.Weneedtotakeastepbackandreflectonwhattrulymatters【答案】16.C17.D18.F19.E20.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了培养富足感的几种方法。【16题详析】上文“Abundanceisn’tabouthavingeverything.Whenyoustartseeingyourglassashalffull,theworldbecomesasourceofendlessjoyandblessings.(富足并不是拥有一切。当你开始看到你的杯子是半满的时候，世界就会成为无尽欢乐和祝福的源泉)”阐述了富足的概念，下文则具体阐述了培养富足感的方法，C选项“以下是培养富足感的方法)”承上启下，统领全文，符合语境。故选C。【17题详析】上文“Everyone’sideaofabundanceisdifferent.Somefindsatisfactioninenjoyinghobbiesornatureintheirfreetime.(每个人对富足的定义都不同。有些人在业余时间享受爱好或亲近自然中找到满足感)”列举了一些人对富足的定义，D选项“另一些人在服务社区中找到目标”与上文形成并列关系，Others与上文的Some相呼应，继续举例说明不同人对富足的理解，符合语境。故选D。【18题详析】上文“Constantlypursuingmorecanleaveyoufeelinglikeyouneverhaveenough.Switchingtoanabundantmindinvolvesrecognizingandappreciatingthegoodinyourliferightnow.(不断追求更多会让你觉得自己永远不够。转向富足的心态需要认识到并欣赏你现在生活中的美好)”表明转向富足心态需要认识和欣赏当下的美好，下文“Forexample,youcanwriteinajournalaboutyourblessingsorexpressgratitudetoothers.(例如，你可以在日记中写下你的祝福，或者向他人表达感激之情)”则举例说明了具体的做法，F选项“简单的日常练习可以帮助你改变心态”承上启下，引出下文的具体做法，changeyourstateofmind与上文Switchingtoanabundantmind相呼应，符合语境。故选F。【19题详析】上文“Settinghighstandardscanleadtodisappointmentwhenyoufallshort.(设定过高的标准，当达不到时会导致失望)”提到设定高标准可能导致失望，下文“witheachonepresentinganopportunityforlearning(每一个都提供了一个学习的机会)”表明要积极对待生活，E选项“然而，挑战是生活中不可避免的一部分”与上文形成转折，指出挑战的不可避免性，同时引出下文挑战带来的积极作用，challenges与下文eachone相呼应，符合语境。故选E。【20题详析】下文“Abundanceisaboutappreciatingthepresentandfindinghappinessinsmallmoments.(富足就是珍惜当下，在小事中找到幸福)”强调“享受小事中的幸福”，A选项“从小事中寻找快乐”概括了本段的主旨，适合作为本段的小标题，符合语境。故选A。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ifyoueverneedabitofextramotivationtogetupoffthecouchandgoforajog,rememberthatan88-year-oldmanfinishedtheAthensMarathon,crossingthefinishlinein6hoursand31minutes.PloutarchosPourliakasonly____21____runningattheageof73,aftergetting____22____byhisson,anultra-marathonrunner.Buthequicklybecame____23____aboutit,runningfourtofivekilometers____24____fromMondaytoFridayandupto20kmonweekends.Hehas____25____theAthensMarathon12times.Anddespitegetting____26____,Pourliakasactuallymanagedtobetterlastyear’s____27____.Hecompletedthe42.195kmraceeighteenminutesfasterthanlastyear.“Ihave____28____comparedtolastyear,andIfeelyoungerthanmy88years,”Pourliakassaidshortlyafter____29____thefinishlinetothecheersofhisfamilyandfriends____30____atthehistoricPanathenaicStadiumofAthens.Asyoucanimagine,manypeoplecan’t____31____thatamaninhislate80scanrun,letalonefinishamarathon.ButPourliakassaidthatanyonecandoitaslongastheyhavethe____32____,takecareoftheirbody,andleada____33____life.“I’veneversmoked.Idon’tdrinkalcohol.Idon’tstayuplate,”theGreekrunnersaid.“Ieateverythingbutinproper____34____.”Hisstoryisapowerfulreminderthat____35____isjustanumberwhenitcomestoachievingyourgoals.IfPourliakascanrunamarathonat88,there’snoreasonwhyyoucan’tgetupandgoforajogtoday.21.A.gaveup B.tookup C.putoff D.lookedinto22.A.followed B.forced C.inspired D.criticized23.A.bored B.passionate C.disappointed D.anxious24.A.daily B.weekly C.monthly D.yearly25.A.watched B.missed C.organized D.finished26.A.younger B.slower C.older D.weaker27.A.performance B.diet C.health D.appearance28.A.failed B.quit C.started D.improved29.A.seeing B.crossing C.painting D.approaching30.A.gathered B.separated C.taught D.trained31.A.ignore B.doubt C.believe D.assume32.A.kindness B.hope C.money D.intention33.A.balanced B.busy C.stressful D.lonely34.A.positions B.steps C.amounts D.manners35.A.time B.weight C.height D.age【答案】21.B22.C23.B24.A25.D26.C27.A28.D29.B30.A31.C32.D33.A34.C35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位88岁老人坚持跑步并完成马拉松比赛的故事。【21题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：PloutarchosPourliakas在73岁时才开始跑步，此前他受到儿子（一名超级马拉松运动员）的启发。A.gaveup放弃；B.tookup开始从事；C.putoff推迟；D.lookedinto调查。根据后文“runningattheageof73,aftergetting

______byhisson,”可知，他73岁时开始跑步。故选B。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.followed跟随；B.forced强迫；C.inspired启发，激励；D.criticized批评。根据后文“byhisson,anultra-marathonrunner.”可知，他受到儿子的启发开始跑步。故选C。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但他很快就对跑步充满了热情，从周一到周五每天跑四到五公里，周末最多跑20公里。A.bored无聊的；B.passionate热情的；C.disappointed失望的；D.anxious焦虑的。根据后文“runningfourtofivekilometers______fromMondaytoFridayandupto20kmonweekends”可知，他对跑步充满热情。故选B。【24题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.daily每天；B.weekly每周；C.monthly每月；D.yearly每年。根据后文“fromMondaytoFriday”可知，他是每天跑步。故选A。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他已经完成了12次雅典马拉松比赛。A.watched观看；B.missed错过；C.organized组织；D.finished完成。根据后文“theAthensMarathon12times”及对其成绩的描述可知，他完成了12次雅典马拉松比赛。故选D。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管年龄增长，Pourliakas实际上比去年表现得更好。A.younger更年轻的；B.slower更慢的；C.older更老的；D.weaker更弱的。根据后文“Hecompletedthe42.195kmraceeighteenminutesfasterthanlastyear.”可知，尽管年龄增长，他比去年跑得更快。故选C。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.performance表现；B.diet饮食；C.health健康；D.appearance外貌。根据后文“Hecompletedthe42.195kmraceeighteenminutesfasterthanlastyear.”可知，他比去年的表现更好。故选A。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“与去年相比，我有所进步，我感觉自己比88岁还要年轻，”Pourliakas在冲过终点线后不久说道，他的家人和朋友聚集在雅典历史悠久的泛雅典体育场为他欢呼。A.failed失败；B.quit放弃；C.started开始；D.improved进步，改善。根据后文“andIfeelyoungerthanmy88years”可知，他感觉自己比去年有进步。故选D。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.seeing看见；B.crossing穿过；C.painting绘画；D.approaching接近。根据后文“thefinishlinetothecheersofhisfamilyandfriends”可知，Pourliakas冲过终点线，crossthefinishline“冲过终点线”。故选B。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同8小题。A.gathered聚集；B.separated分开；C.taught教授；D.trained训练。根据后文“atthehistoricPanathenaicStadiumofAthens”可知，他的家人和朋友聚集在体育场为他欢呼。故选A。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如你可以想象的，很多人都不相信一个80多岁的老人还能跑步，更不用说完成马拉松比赛了。A.ignore忽视；B.doubt怀疑，不相信；C.believe相信；D.assume假设。根据后文“thatamaninhislate80scanrun,letalonefinishamarathon”可知，很多人都不相信一个80多岁的老人能跑步并完成马拉松。故选C。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但Pourliakas说，只要人们要有做这件事的意图，并照顾好自己的身体，过一种平衡的生活，任何人都能做到。A.kindness善良；B.hope希望；C.money金钱；D.intention打算，意图。根据前文“thatamaninhislate80scanrun,letalonefinishamarathon.ButPourliakassaidthatanyonecandoitaslongastheyhavethe”可知，此处指有人们要有做这件事的意图。故选D。【33题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.balanced平衡的；B.busy忙碌的；C.stressful有压力的；D.lonely孤独的。根据后文“I’veneversmoked.Idon’tdrinkalcohol.Idon’tstayuplate”可知，他过着一种饮食均衡的生活。故选A。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我什么都吃，但量很适当。A.positions位置；B.steps步骤；C.amounts量；D.manners礼貌。根据前文““I’veneversmoked.Idon’tdrinkalcohol.Idon’tstayuplate,”theGreekrunnersaid.Ieateverythingbutinproper”可知，他过着一种饮食均衡的生活，什么都吃，但量很适当。故选C。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的故事有力地提醒我们，当提到实现目标的时候，年龄只是一个数字。A.time时间；B.weight重量；C.height高度；D.age年龄。根据前文“an88-year-oldmanfinishedtheAthensMarathon,crossingthefinishlinein6hoursand31minutes.”可知，在实现目标时，年龄只是一个数字。故选D。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThefirstChina-EthiopiaFilmandTVFestival____36____(hold)lastmonthinAddisAbaba,thecapitalofEthiopia,withtheaimof____37____(promote)culturalexchangeamongtheBRICSmemberstatesthroughcooperationinthefilmindustry.ThegroundbreakingeventmarkedtheestablishmentofanewpartnershipbetweenChinaandEthiopiainthe____38____(create)industrywithaspecialfocus____39____theexchangeoffilms,strengtheningcross-culturalexchangeandsharingknowledge,technologyandexperience.Speakingattheevent,ChineseAmbassadortoEthiopiaChenHausaid,“Asancientcivilizations,bothChinaandEthiopiahavelong____40____(history),richculturesanddiverseethniccustoms,aswellasbeautifullandscapes,whichcanpotentially____41____(use)intheproductionoffilms,dramasandTVshows.”ShibruMamo,directorgeneralforPublicDiplomacyatEthiopia’sMinistryofForeignAffairs,emphasizedthe____42____(significant)ofthefestivalinstrengtheningpeople-to-peoplerelationsamongBRICSmemberstatesthroughmedia.“Thisfestivalalsorepresentsthestrong,historicpartnershipbetweenEthiopiaandChina,arelationshipthatis____43____(continuous)growingineconomic,politicalandculturalcooperation,”Mamosaid.The