重庆市（康德卷）2025届普通高等学校招生全国统一考试高考模拟调研卷（七）英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1重庆市（康德卷）2025届普通高等学校招生全国统一考试高考模拟调研卷（七）英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AMongolianfolkmusichasacharming,distinctivesound—joyouslychurningfiddles(小提琴)anddeepthroatsinging.ThemastersofInnerMongolianmusicworldwide,theninemembersofthebandAndaUnionappearatHodgsonConcertHallonApril3at7:30p.m..AsAndaUnioncelebrates20yearsofmusicmaking,thebandhasbecomeaculturalphenomenonintheEast.RecentwinnersofthepopularChineserealityTVshowTheBigBand,theywowedaudiencesbysingingintheirnativelanguage,rocketingintothelimelightandbringingtheirMongoliansoundtothemasses.AndaUnionhassincestarredinmanycommercialcampaignsandheadlinedfestivalsandstadiumsacrossChina.AndaUnionalltrainedintraditionalMongolianmusicfromayoungageandarepartofarevivalist(复兴)movementfindinginspirationintraditionalmusic.TheirlastingharmoniesandvibrantstringsbringtomindtheendlessbeautyoftheMongoliangrasslands.Combiningthroatsingingandlongsongwithhorseheadfiddlesandtwostringedlutes,theybringthispowerfulancientmusictolife.AndaUnionbringsauniquecombinationofstylesfromacrossthegrasslandscomingtogetherinauniqueandgrandsoundwhileremainingtruetotheirculturalroots.Theyhaveheadlinedmanyworldmusicandmainstreamfestivals,winningoverinternationalfanswiththeirpowerfulmusic.Joinaudiencesforapre-performancetalkinRamseyConcertHallfrom6:45-7:15p.m..ThisperformanceissupportedbyRhondaLucileHicks.Waystogettickets●Purchaseticketsonlineat.●CallthePerformingArtsCenterboxofficeat706-542-4400,MondaythroughFriday,10a.m.to5p.m..●VisittheUGAPerformingArtsCenterboxoffice,MondaythroughFriday,10a.m.to5p.m..(five-minuteparkingisavailableinthedropoffcircleatthePerformingArtsCenterforpurchasingorpickinguptickets.)●Audiencememberscancreatetheirownseriesofthreeormoreperformancesfor10%.off.UGAPresentssingleticketsstartatjust$25withpromocodePAC25,andUGAstudentticketsare$10.TolearnmoreaboutallUGAPerformingArtsCenterevents,visitpac.uga.edu.1.WhenwillthebandAndaUnionperformatHodgsonConcertHall?A.At6:45p.m.onApril3. B.At7:15p.m.onApril3.C.At7:30p.m.onApril3. D.At10:00a.m.onApril3.2.HowdidAndaUniongainpopularityinChina?A.BytrainingintraditionalMongolianmusic. B.BywinningapopularChineserealityTVshow.C.Bystarringinmanycommercialcampaigns. D.ByheadliningfestivalsandstadiumsacrossChina.3.Whatcanweknowaboutgettingtickets?A.Ticketscanbeboughtonlineatdifferentsites. B.Theboxofficeisopenevenonweekends.C.Allaudiencememberswillgeta10%discount. D.UGAstudentscanpurchaseaticketat$10.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要宣传了AndaUnion在Hodgson音乐厅的演出信息，包括演出时间、地点、乐队背景、音乐风格、演出特色以及购票方式等，从而吸引读者的注意。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“ThemastersofInnerMongolianmusicworldwide,theninemembersofthebandAndaUnionappearatHodgsonConcertHallonApril3at7:30p.m..(AndaUnion的九名成员堪称享誉全球的内蒙古音乐大师，他们将于4月3日晚上7点30分在霍奇森音乐厅登台演出。)”可知，AndaUnion将于4月3日晚上7点30分在霍奇森音乐厅登台演出。故选C。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“AsAndaUnioncelebrates20yearsofmusicmaking,thebandhasbecomeaculturalphenomenonintheEast.RecentwinnersofthepopularChineserealityTVshowTheBigBand,theywowedaudiencesbysingingintheirnativelanguage,rocketingintothelimelightandbringingtheirMongoliansoundtothemasses.(AndaUnion已走过了20年的音乐历程，如今这支乐队已成为东方的一种文化现象。他们近期在热门中国真人秀节目《乐队的夏天》中获胜，用本民族语言演唱，令观众惊叹不已，迅速成为众人瞩目的焦点，并将蒙古族音乐传播给了广大民众。)”可知，AndaUnion通过在一档热门中国真人秀节目中获胜而在中国获得了人气。故选B。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据文章“Waystogettickets”部分中的“UGAPresentssingleticketsstartatjust$25withpromocodePAC25,andUGAstudentticketsare$10.(佐治亚大学演出的单场门票使用促销代码PAC25后起售价仅为25美元，佐治亚大学学生票为10美元。)”可知，佐治亚大学的学生可以10美元购买门票。故选D。BWebeganthebustripswhenIwasaroundsevenyearsold.Backthen,welivedatourgrandparents’houseinOceanside,California.FinancesweretightsincemyfatherhadretiredfromtheAirForceandhadyettofindsteadyemployment.Inaddition,wewerestrugglingtofindanaffordableplacetocallourown.Isupposeitwouldhavebeeneasytogiveintofrustration.Butmymomhadotherideas,usingthesituationtogivemybrotherJessandmefondmemoriesthatwouldaffectourperspectiveforever.However,Ionlyappreciatedthefullextentofherwisdommanyyearslater.Asitwas,onceortwiceaweek,mymomwouldleadJessandmeuptheslope(斜坡)fromourgrandparents’housetothenearestbusstop,andfromtherewewouldgoonto“seetheworld”.Thepublictransportationsystemaroundtheareawasremarkablyextensive.Foraverylowfee,itwaspossibletopurchaseaticketthatallowedriderstogoaboardallthebusestheywantedthroughoutanentireday.Mymomstudiedthissystemwell,andshewouldguideustoawidevarietyofdestinations.AmongourmostfrequentedpointsofinterestwasthemallinCarlsbad.Therewasalarge,glassclocktowerthatstoodatitsveryheart.Itfeaturedgears(齿轮)andothermechanismsthatrolledrubberballsalongrails,bouncingthemontodrumsandthenramps(坡道),andsendingthembackupinlittleelevatorstomakethewholejourneyagain.Thesightalwaysdrewasmallcrowdthroughouttheday,mostlychildren.Wewouldwindow-shopatthemallandinthesurroundingneighborhood.Weweren’ttheretobuy.Thegoalwastoenjoythesightsanddosomepeople-watchingtoo.Onotheradventures,wewouldtakethebusallthewaytoStrandBeach,wherewecollectedsanddollarsandshellsforsouvenirs.WewouldwatchshipssailpastinthedistanceandoftenheardhelicoptersorotheraircraftsoaroverheadontheirwaytothenavalbaseatCampPendleton.4.Whatwasthefamily’ssituationwhenthewriterwasaboutseven?A.Theyhadjustmovedtoabaghouse. B.ThefatherservedintheNavvForce.C.Theydidnothaveenoughmoney. D.Theyoftenwentonexpensivetrips.5.Whydidthemothertakethechildrenonbustrips?A.Toshowthemhowtousepublictransportation. B.Tocreatehappymemoriesdespitehardship.C.Tohelpthechildrentomakemoregoodfriends. D.Tomakethemforgetabouttheirgrandparents.6.WhatcanwelearnabouttheglassclocktowerintheCarlsbadmall?A.Itsoldkidsvariousinterestingtoys. B.Ithadacomplexmechanicalsystem.C.Itwasmainlyvisitedbygrown-ups. D.Itwasusedtotellthetimeaccurately.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethemother?A.Ambitiousandstrict. B.Lazyandirresponsible.C.Optimisticandresourceful. D.Moodyandimpatient.【答案】4.C5.B6.B7.C【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在七岁左右时，母亲如何利用有限的资源，通过乘坐公交车带作者和弟弟去探索周围的世界，留下了许多美好的回忆，这些经历对作者的人生产生了深远的影响。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“WebeganthebustripswhenIwasaroundsevenyearsold.Backthen,welivedatourgrandparents’houseinOceanside,California.FinancesweretightsincemyfatherhadretiredfromtheAirForceandhadyettofindsteadyemployment.Inaddition,wewerestrugglingtofindanaffordableplacetocallourown.(我大概七岁的时候，我们开始了巴士之旅。那时，我们住在加利福尼亚州欧申赛德市祖父母的家里。由于我父亲从空军退役后还没有找到稳定的工作，家里的经济很紧张。此外，我们还在努力寻找一个负担得起的属于自己的家。)”可知，作者七岁时，一家人住在祖父母家，父亲从空军退役后还未找到稳定工作，家里经济紧张，并且还在努力找一个能负担得起的属于自己的家。因此，作者七岁时家里没有足够的钱。故选C。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Isupposeitwouldhavebeeneasytogiveintofrustration.Butmymomhadotherideas,usingthesituationtogivemybrotherJessandmefondmemoriesthatwouldaffectourperspectiveforever.However,Ionlyappreciatedthefullextentofherwisdommanyyearslater.(我想，要是屈服于这种沮丧的境地应该是很容易的。但我妈妈却另有想法，她利用这种情况给我和弟弟Jess留下了美好的回忆，这些回忆将永远影响着我们看待事物的角度。然而，多年后我才充分领会到她的智慧。)”可知，当时家里经济困难，很容易让人感到沮丧，但妈妈却另有想法，她利用这种情况给作者和弟弟留下美好的回忆，这些回忆会永远影响他们的人生观。因此，妈妈带孩子们坐公交旅行是为了尽管生活艰难也要创造快乐的回忆。故选B。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“AmongourmostfrequentedpointsofinterestwasthemallinCarlsbad.Therewasalarge,glassclocktowerthatstoodatitsveryheart.Itfeaturedgears(齿轮)andothermechanismsthatrolledrubberballsalongrails,bouncingthemontodrumsandthenramps(坡道),andsendingthembackupinlittleelevatorstomakethewholejourneyagain.(我们最常去的景点之一是卡尔斯巴德的购物中心。购物中心的正中央矗立着一座巨大的玻璃钟楼。钟楼里有齿轮和其他机械装置，能让橡胶球沿着轨道滚动，把球弹到鼓上，然后再滚到坡道上，接着用小电梯把球送回原处，让球再进行一遍同样的旅程。)”可知，关于卡尔斯巴德购物中心的玻璃钟楼，我们可以了解到它有一个复杂的机械系统。故选B。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Butmymomhadotherideas,usingthesituationtogivemybrotherJessandmefondmemoriesthatwouldaffectourperspectiveforever.However,Ionlyappreciatedthefullextentofherwisdommanyyearslater.(但我妈妈却另有想法，她利用这种情况给我和弟弟Jess留下了美好的回忆，这些回忆将永远影响着我们看待事物的角度。然而，多年后我才充分领会到她的智慧。)”可以看出母亲没有被困难打倒，而是积极地想办法让孩子们有美好的体验，这体现了她的乐观态度。根据文章第三段“Mymomstudiedthissystemwell,andshewouldguideustoawidevarietyofdestinations.(妈妈对这个公交系统研究得很透彻，她会带我们去各种各样的地方。)”可知，母亲利用公交系统让孩子们去不同的地方看世界，说明她很有办法，能够充分利用现有的资源来实现自己的想法，表现出她的足智多谋。故选C。CAUniversityofGeorgiastudyrevealsthatwiththeexpansionofsocialmedia,awarenessofcryptocurrencies(加密货币)hassharplyincreased,andonlineexposuresignificantlyinfluencespeople’sinvestmentbehavior.Cryptocurrencies,digitalcurrenciesusedforbothpaymentandinvestment,haveskyrocketedinpopularity,especiallythroughsocialmediaplatforms.Aroundhalfofthesurveyedsocialmediausershavealreadyinvestedinthem.Fascinatingly,themoresocialmediaplatformsauserfrequents,thehighertheprobabilityofinvesting.YouTube,Reddit,Twitter,andClubhouseusersshowagreatertendencytoinvest,probablybecausetheseplatformsallowfordetaileddiscussions.Incontrast,Instagramusersarelessenthusiasticaboutcryptoduetoitsfocusonvisuals.Thestudyindicatesthatmen,individualswithahigherrisktolerance,andyoungerpeoplearemorelikelytoinvestincrypto,whilethosewithahighereducationlevelandolderindividualsarelessso.Interestincryptohasnearlydoubledfrom2018to2021.However,investingincryptocomeswithhighrisksasitsvaluecanbeextremelyvolatileandunpredictable.Peopleshouldnotmindlesslyfollowtheinvestmenttrendbutcarefullyevaluatewhetheritgoeswiththeirfinancialgoals.Socialmedia,unfortunately,isfullofmisinformationandcheating,makingitanunreliablesourceforcryptoinvestment.Youngerinvestors,whoarebothmajorsocialmediausersandmoreliabletoinvestincrypto,urgentlyneedproperguidance.Theresearchersnotonlyencouragepolicymakerstoconsiderthesefindingswhenestablishingregulationsforcryptocurrenciesbutalsoadvocateforanincreaseinmedialiteracyeducation.Thiswillenablepeopletobetterdistinguishauthenticinformationfromfalsehoods,thusmakingmoreinformedinvestmentdecisions.Forinstance,falsenewsonsocialmediacancausesuddenpricevariationinthecryptomarket,highlightingtheimportanceofbeingperceptive(敏锐的).Additionally,theappealofquickprofitsonsocialmediaoftenblindsinvestorstotheunderlyingrisks,furtheremphasizingtheneedforcaution.8.WhyareusersofYouTube,Reddit,TwitterandClubhousemorelikelytoinvestincrypto?A.Fortheirpopularity. B.Fortheirfunction.C.Fortheirsecurity. D.Fortheirsimplicity.9.Whoaremostlikelytoinvestincryptocurrenciesbasedonthestudy?A.Menandindividualswithahighereducation. B.Olderfolkswithhigherriskpreference.C.Menandthosewithahighrisktolerance. D.Womenandthosewithlowriskappetite.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“volatile”inPara.2probablymean?A.Stable. B.Changeable. C.Predictable. D.Invaluable.11.Whydoyoungerinvestorsneedguidanceincryptoinvestment?A.They’renotgreatlyinterestedininvestment.B.They’renotmajorsocialplatformusers.C.They’remorelikelytoinvestintrap-filledcrypto.D.They’remucheasiertofallintoinvestmenttraps.【答案】8.B9.C10.B11.D【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了佐治亚大学的研究揭示社交媒体影响加密货币投资，指出风险，呼吁对年轻投资者指导及提升媒介素养。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“YouTube,Reddit,Twitter,andClubhouseusersshowagreatertendencytoinvest,probablybecausetheseplatformsallowfordetaileddiscussions.(YouTube、Reddit、Twitter和Clubhouse的用户表现出更大的投资倾向，可能是因为这些平台允许进行详细的讨论)”可知，这些平台的用户更有可能投资加密货币是因为它们的功能，即可以进行详细讨论。故选B项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Thestudyindicatesthatmen,individualswithahigherrisktolerance,andyoungerpeoplearemorelikelytoinvestincrypto,whilethosewithahighereducationlevelandolderindividualsarelessso.(这项研究表明，男性、风险承受能力较高的人以及年轻人更有可能投资加密货币，而受教育程度较高的人和年长者则不太可能投资)”可知，男性和那些风险承受能力高的人最有可能投资加密货币。故选C项。【10题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段“Interestincryptohasnearlydoubledfrom2018to2021.However,investingincryptocomeswithhighrisksasitsvaluecanbeextremelyvolatileandunpredictable.(从2018年到2021年，人们对加密货币的兴趣几乎翻了一番。然而，投资加密货币伴随着高风险，因为它的价值可能极其volatile且不可预测)”可知，投资加密货币的风险高，即加密货币的价值可能是易变的且不可预测，推测划线单词volatile意为“易变的；变化无常的”，与Changeable意思相近。故选B项。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Socialmedia,unfortunately,isfullofmisinformationandcheating,makingitanunreliablesourceforcryptoinvestment.Youngerinvestors,whoarebothmajorsocialmediausersandmoreliabletoinvestincrypto,urgentlyneedproperguidance.(不幸的是，社交媒体上充斥着错误信息和欺诈行为，这使得它成为加密货币投资的不可靠信息来源。年轻投资者既是社交媒体的主要用户，又更倾向于投资加密货币，他们迫切需要适当的指导)”可知，年轻投资者需要在加密货币投资方面的指导是因为他们更容易陷入充满陷阱的投资中，社交媒体的错误信息和欺诈很容易误导他们。故选D项。DTheresearcherspointtootherresearchthatsuggeststherearetwomainreasonsbehindthemonarch(帝王蝶)migrationlosses.Thefirstistheincreasingnumberofaparasite(寄生虫)whichisquiteharmfultomonarchs.Thenumberhasincreasedtenfoldsincetheearly2000s.Thisincreasecorrespondswithincreasedplantingsofnonnativemilkweedsthroughouttheflyway.Manyinfectedmonarchcaterpillars(幼虫)don’tmakeittoadulthood.Thosethatdocan’tflywellanddon’tlivelong,possiblycontributingtothefalloutofbutterfliesalongthemigrationpath.Nonnativemilkweedshavelongergrowingseasons,andasaresulttheseplantsmayleadtomoremonarchsbecominginfectedwiththeparasitebecausetheinfectiousparasitespores(孢子)canbuildupontheirleaves.Thesecondpossibledriveristhereleaseofcaptive-reared(圈养的)butterfliesbywell-meaningpeoplewhoarehopingtohelpthemonarchs.“Alloftheevidencewehaveshowsthatwhenmonarchsarerearedinacaptiveenvironment,eitherindoorsoroutdoors,they’renotasgoodatmigrating,”Davissaid.Theresearchers-urgepeopletotakealessismoreapproachwhenitcomestomonarchs.Althoughwellintended,manyofthethingspeopledototrytohelp,suchasplantingnonnativemilkweedsorraisingmonarchsforreleaseincaptivity,mayactuallybeharmingthemonarchpopulationbyreducingtheirabilitytomigratelongdistances.Plantingfloweringplants—butnottropicalmilkweed—alongthemigrationpathwon’thurtandmayprovideasourceofnectar(花蜜)fortravelingbutterflies.“Oneofthebestthingspeoplecandotoensurethatthemonarchsareasstrongandhealthyaspossibleisbasicallyjustleavethecaterpillarsaloneinyourbackyard,”Davissaid.“ResistthetemptationtobringtheminsideandprotectthembecauseitseemslikeMotherNaturedoesabetterjobatcreatingreallyhealthy,strongmigratorsthanwedo.”12.Whathasledtotheriseinthemonarchparasitenumbersincethe2000s?A.Declineinnativemilkweeds. B.Longermigrationdistances.C.Morenonnativemilkweedplantings. D.Lowercaterpillarsurvivalrate.13.Whydocaptive-rearedmonarchsstrugglewithmigration?A.Unfamiliaritywiththeoutdoorenvironment. B.Impactofcaptiveconditions.C.Difficultyfindingfoodmid-migration. D.Higherparasiteattackrisk.14.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetextabouthelpingmonarchs?A.Plantingnonnativemilkweedsisbeneficial.B.Captive-rearingbooststhemonarchpopulation.C.Lettingcaterpillarsbeinnatureisadvisable.D.Tropicalmilkweedaidsmigratingbutterflies.15.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Monarchs:MigrationProblemsandHumanImpactB.TheMysteriousMigrationofMonarchButterfliesC.Captive-rearing:ASaviorforMonarchButterflies?D.TheRoleofMilkweedsinMonarchButterflies’Life【答案】12.C13.B14.C15.A【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了帝王蝶迁徙数量减少的两个主要原因，包括寄生虫数量的增加和人们释放圈养繁殖的帝王蝶对迁徙能力的影响。通过解释这些原因，提供了关于如何更好地保护帝王蝶的建议，强调了减少人为干预、让自然环境发挥更好作用的重要性。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Thefirstistheincreasingnumberofaparasite(寄生虫)whichisquiteharmfultomonarchs.Thenumberhasincreasedtenfoldsincetheearly2000s.Thisincreasecorrespondswithincreasedplantingsofnonnativemilkweedsthroughouttheflyway.(第一个原因是一种对帝王蝶极具危害的寄生虫数量不断增加。自21世纪初以来，这种寄生虫的数量已经增长了十倍。这一增长与帝王蝶迁徙路线上非本土马利筋植物种植数量的增加相吻合。)”可知，对帝王蝶危害极大的寄生虫数量自21世纪初以来增长了十倍，而这一增长与帝王蝶迁徙路线上非本土马利筋植物种植数量的增加相吻合。由此可知，自21世纪初以来，是更多非本土马利筋植物的种植导致了帝王蝶寄生虫数量的增加。故选C。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第五段““Alloftheevidencewehaveshowsthatwhenmonarchsarerearedinacaptiveenvironment,eitherindoorsoroutdoors,they’renotasgoodatmigrating,”Davissaid.(Davis说：“我们掌握的所有证据都表明，当帝王蝶在圈养环境中饲养时，无论是在室内还是室外，它们的迁徙能力都会变弱。”)”可知，Davis表示，所有证据都表明，当帝王蝶在圈养环境中（无论是室内还是室外）饲养时，它们的迁徙能力就会变弱。由此可知，圈养的帝王蝶在迁徙方面存在困难是因为圈养条件的影响。故选B。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““Oneofthebestthingspeoplecandotoensurethatthemonarchsareasstrongandhealthyaspossibleisbasicallyjustleavethecaterpillarsaloneinyourbackyard,”Davissaid.“ResistthetemptationtobringtheminsideandprotectthembecauseitseemslikeMotherNaturedoesabetterjobatcreatingreallyhealthy,strongmigratorsthanwedo.”(Davis说：“为了确保帝王蝶尽可能强壮和健康，人们能做的最好的事情之一基本上就是不要去管你后院里的那些帝王蝶幼虫。要抵制把它们带进室内并保护它们的诱惑，因为看起来大自然母亲在培育真正健康、强壮的迁徙者方面比我们做得更好。”)”可知，Davis认为，为了确保帝王蝶尽可能强壮和健康，人们能做的最好的事情之一就是不要去管后院里的那些帝王蝶幼虫，抵制把它们带进室内保护的诱惑，因为大自然在培育健康、强壮的迁徙者方面做得比人类更好。因此，让幼虫留在自然环境中是明智的。故选C。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，文章开篇指出帝王蝶迁徙数量减少有两个主要原因，一是对帝王蝶有害的寄生虫数量增加，这与非本土马利筋植物种植增多有关；二是圈养帝王蝶的放飞，圈养环境会降低帝王蝶的迁徙能力。接着提到人们一些看似帮助帝王蝶的行为（如种植非本土马利筋植物、圈养帝王蝶）实际上可能会伤害到它们，最后建议人们让帝王蝶幼虫留在自然环境中。整体围绕帝王蝶迁徙中面临的问题以及人类行为对它们的影响展开。选项A“Monarchs:MigrationProblemsandHumanImpact(帝王蝶：迁徙问题与人类影响)”准确概括了文章中帝王蝶迁徙数量减少的问题以及人类行为（种植非本土马利筋植物、圈养等）对帝王蝶造成的影响，符合文章主旨。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。5DailyHabitsofNaturallyPolitePeopleSomepeopleseemtohavebeenbornwithempathy(共情)tospare.Ifyou’renotoneofthemorjustneedsomehelpwiththoseawkwardmoments,you’lldefinitelywanttoreadonforsmallandsimplewaystobekindertoall.Theyrememberthenamesofpeopletheymeet____16____Studiesshowthatmostpeoplehavetroublerememberingthenamesofpeopletheymeet.Ifyou’reliketherestofus,anexpertsuggestsassociatingthenameofsomeonenewwithamemoryorpersoninyourlife.TheyknowhowtolistenGranville,anexpert,saysthatnaturallypolitepeoplemakeanefforttodemonstratewhenthey’reengagedandlisteningtoothers.____17____“Whenwefeelheard,ourattitudetowardthelistenercandramaticallyimprove,”Granvillesays.“Naturallypolitepeopleknowthis.”Theydismissdrama“Ifdramacomesupinamothers’grouporgirls’nightout,forexample,thepolitepeoplearegoingtostayquietorofferadifferentperspective,”Granvillesays.“Evenifsomeoneisgossiping(说长道短),thatdoesn’tmeanyouneedtoloweryourselftotheirlevel,”Grotts,anotherexpert,adds.“____18____It’sabitlikeshakingsomeone’shandwithoutpullingaway—youjustgentlyletgo.”Theydon’tcomplain“Neveraskforspecialfavourssuchas,‘Doyouhaveanotherkindofcheese?’orsay,‘Ifthewineisn’twhite,I’mnotdrinkingit’,”Grottssays.“It’soneeveningofyourlife.____19____”Theysendtextsandemailsthoughtfully“We’veallmadethemistakeofputtingsomethinginwriting,onlytolaterregretit,”Grottssays.“Ifyouputsomethinginwriting,sitonit.____20____Youmayhaveachangeofheart—oratleastachangeofwordsthatarekinder.”A.Easiersaidthandone,right?B.Youcaneatwhenyouleave.C.Givecomplimentswithcaution.D.Sendittoyourselfandgiveit24hours.E.Acknowledgeitandmoveonbychangingthesubject.F.Neverassumeyouknowwhatisgoingoninsomeoneelse’slife.G.Thismeanstheynotonlyrespondwithasmileornodbutalsoasksmartquestions.【答案】16.A17.G18.E19.B20.D【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了天生有礼貌的人的五个日常习惯，包括记住别人的名字、善于倾听、避免卷入不必要的纷争、不抱怨以及谨慎地发送短信和邮件。这些习惯有助于提升个人的礼貌程度，并改善与他人的关系。【16题详析】小标题“Theyrememberthenamesofpeopletheymeet(他们会记住见过的人的名字)”指出天生有礼貌的人会记得见过的人的名字；而空后“Studiesshowthatmostpeoplehavetroublerememberingthenamesofpeopletheymeet.(研究表明，大多数人在记住他们见过的人的名字方面都有困难。)”则指出，大多数人都很难记住自己见过的人的名字。选项A“Easiersaidthandone,right?(说起来容易做起来难，对吧？)”既承接了上文记住名字这件事，又引出了下文人们在记住名字方面存在困难的内容，符合语境。故选A。【17题详析】空前“Granville,anexpert,saysthatnaturallypolitepeoplemakeanefforttodemonstratewhenthey’reengagedandlisteningtoothers.(专家Granville说，天生有礼貌的人会努力表现出他们在专注并倾听他人讲话。)”指出，天生有礼貌的人会努力表现出他们在参与并倾听他人；而空后““Whenwefeelheard,ourattitudetowardthelistenercandramaticallyimprove,”Granvillesays.“Naturallypolitepeopleknowthis.”(Granville说：“当我们感觉自己被倾听时，我们对倾听者的态度会大幅改善。天生有礼貌的人深知这一点。”)”则提出，当我们感觉到被倾听时，我们对倾听者的态度会大大改善。选项G“Thismeanstheynotonlyrespondwithasmileornodbutalsoasksmartquestions.(这意味着他们不仅会报以微笑或点头回应，还会提出巧妙的问题。)”进一步解释了天生有礼貌的人如何表现出在倾听他人，与上下文衔接紧密。故选G。【18题详析】空前““Evenifsomeoneisgossiping(说长道短),thatdoesn’tmeanyouneedtoloweryourselftotheirlevel,”Grotts,anotherexpert,adds.(另一位专家Grotts补充道：“即使有人在说长道短，也不意味着你要降低自己的水准去迎合他们。)”指出即使有人在说长道短，也不意味着你需要降低自己的水准；而空后“It’sabitlikeshakingsomeone’shandwithoutpullingaway—youjustgentlyletgo.”(这有点像和某人握手却不把手抽回——你只是轻轻地松开。)”则提出，这就像和别人握手但不抽回手，只是轻轻松开。选项E“Acknowledgeitandmoveonbychangingthesubject.(承认这一点，然后通过改变话题继续下去。)”说明面对说长道短的情况，礼貌的做法是承认后转移话题，与上下文意思相符。故选E。【19题详析】根据上文““Neveraskforspecialfavourssuchas,‘Doyouhaveanotherkindofcheese?’orsay,‘Ifthewineisn’twhite,I’mnotdrinkingit’,”Grottssays.“It’soneeveningofyourlife.(Grotts说：“永远不要提出特殊的要求，比如‘你们还有别的种类的奶酪吗？’或者说‘如果这酒不是白葡萄酒，我就不喝了’。这只是你生命中的一个晚上而已。)”可知，上文指出不要提出一些特殊的要求，这只是生命中的一个晚上而已。选项B“Youcaneatwhenyouleave.(你可以在离开后再去吃（想吃的东西）。)”符合在这种场合下不挑剔，不抱怨的语境。故选B。【20题详析】空前“Ifyouputsomethinginwriting,sitonit.(如果你写了一些东西，先把它放一放。)”建议我们将写的东西放一放；而空后“Youmayhaveachangeofheart—oratleastachangeofwordsthatarekinder.(你可能会改变心意——或者至少会改变一些措辞，让表达更友善。)”则指出放一放之后我们可能会有不一样的想法。选项D“Sendittoyourselfandgiveit24hours.(把它发给你自己，等上24个小时。)”进一步说明了“放一放”的具体做法，与上下文连贯。故选D。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。KazuyawasasuccessfulJapanesebusinessman,havingtravelledtheworldand____21____variousmanagerialpositionsinatradingcompany.Hiswifelookedafterthechildrenmostofthetime.Theyboughta____22____withayardinasuburbsothechildrencouldattendagoodschool.It____23____increasedhistimetogotoandfromwork,andfurther____24____histimewithchildren.Healsoworkedonweekends.He____25____hadtimetodevelophishobbiesorgetto____26____hisneighbours.Heidealisedhisretirementasatimetofinallyspendwithhis____27____anddevelophisownhobbies.Whenheretired,____28____,herealisedthatheandhisfamilydidn’thaveany____29____topicsofconversation.Throughdecadesoftoomanyhoursspentatworkawayfromhome,therestofthefamilyestablisheda_____30_____thatdidnotincludehim._____31_____newhobbiesattheageof60wasnotaseasyashethought,norwasmakingnewfriendsatthis_____32_____.Areyouunderpressuretoworklonghours?Ifyoucan,turnoffyourphoneandcomputer.Insteadof_____33_____eventsforwork,arrangeadinnerwithyourfamily.Developanewhobbyinyourlocal_____34_____centres.Youcan_____35_____howyoulivenowforabetteroldage.21.A.advertised B.held C.described D.quit22.A.restaurant B.school C.factory D.house23.A.hardly B.probably C.significantly D.unexpectedly24.A.doubled B.reduced C.balanced D.saved25.A.suddenly B.quickly C.barely D.immediately26.A.know B.help C.greet D.comfort27.A.relatives B.friends C.company D.family28.A.therefore B.however C.moreover D.otherwise29.A.interesting B.important C.common D.serious30.A.routine B.system C.rule D.principle31.A.Carryingon B.Decidingon C.Givingup D.Takingup32.A.age B.level C.distance D.speed33.A.sponsoring B.organising C.canceling D.recording34.A.computer B.shopping C.distribution D.community35.A.change B.understand C.share D.imagine【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.B25.C26.A27.D28.B29.C30.A31.D32.A33.B34.D35.A【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了日本商人Kazuya因工作忽略家庭，退休后陷入困境及反思。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Kazuya是一位成功的日本商人，他周游过世界，并且在一家贸易公司担任过各种管理职位。A.advertised做广告；B.held举办、担任；C.described描述；D.quit停止。根据上文“KazuyawasasuccessfulJapanesebusinessman”可知，他是一位成功的日本商人，由此可知，他在贸易公司担任过多种管理职务，holdvariousmanagerialpositions，意为“担任各种管理职位”，符合语境。故选B。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们在郊区买了一栋带院子的房子，这样孩子们就能上一所好学校。A.restaurant餐厅；B.school学校；C.factory工厂；D.house房子。根据下文的“withayardinasuburb”以及“sothechildrencouldattendagoodschool”可知，他们买的是带有院子的房子，以便孩子能上好学校。故选D。【23题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这极大地增加了他上下班的时间，也进一步减少了他陪伴孩子的时间。A.hardly几乎不；B.probably可能；C.significantly显著地；D.unexpectedly出乎意料地。根据上文“Theyboughta_______withayardinasuburbsothechildrencouldattendagoodschool.”可知，他们在郊区买了房子，由此可推测，买了郊区的房子后，上班通勤时间显著增加。故选C。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这极大地增加了他上下班的时间，也进一步减少了他陪伴孩子的时间。A.doubled加倍；B.reduced减少；C.balanced平衡；D.saved节省、挽救。根据上文“It_______increasedhistimetogotoandfromwork”可知，买了郊区的房子后，他通勤时间增加了，那么自然陪伴孩子的时间就减少了。故选B。【25题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他几乎没有时间发展自己的爱好，也没有时间去了解他的邻居。A.suddenly突然；B.quickly讯速地；C.barely几乎不；D.immediately立即。根据上文“Healsoworkedonweekends.”可知，他工作很忙，周末也工作，所以几乎没有时间发展爱好或了解邻居。故选C。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他几乎没有时间发展自己的爱好，也没有时间去了解他的邻居。A.know知道、了解；B.help帮助；C.greet打招呼；D.comfort安慰。根据上文“Healsoworkedonweekends.He_______hadtimetodevelophishobbies”可知，他工作很忙，周末也要工作，没有时间发展爱好，由此可知，他也没有时间了解邻居。短语：gettoknow，意为“了解”，符合句意。故选A。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把退休理想化，认为到那时终于可以和家人共度时光，还能培养自己的爱好。A.relatives亲戚；B.friends朋友；C.company公司；D.family家庭。根据上文“It_______increasedhistimetogotoandfromwork,andfurther_______histimewithchildren.”可知，他因工作忙没时间陪家人，所以他理想中的退休是终于可以和家人共度时光。故选D。【28题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，当他退休后，他意识到自己和家人没有任何共同的话题可聊。A.therefore因此；B.however然而；C.moreover此外；D.otherwise否则。根据上文可知，他理想中的退休是终于可以和家人共度时光，而下文“herealisedthatheandhisfamilydidn’thaveany________topicsofconversation.”则指出，他意识到和家人没有共同话题，与前文他理想中的退休生活形成转折。故选B。【29题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，当他退休后，他意识到自己和家人没有任何共同的话题可聊。A.interesting有趣的；B.important重要的；C.common共同的、常见的；D.serious严肃的、严重的。根据下文“topicsofconversation.”可推测，空处想表达的是他和家人没有共同的话题可聊。故选C。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于几十年来长时间在外工作、远离家庭，家里的其他人形成了一套不包括他在内的日常生活模式。