2023-2024学年浙江省杭州市八年级（下）期中英语试卷（原卷+解析版）

2023-2024学年浙江省杭州市观成教育集团八年级（下）期中英语试卷

第一部分听力（共两节，满分5分）第一节（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段

对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每

段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题

1.（1分）WhatdidDr.Liaskthewomantodo?

A.GetanX-ray.

B.Takehertemperature.

C.Drinkhottea.

2.（1分）WhenwillAlexvisitthesickkidsinthehospital?

A.OnFriday.

B.OnSaturday.

C.OnSunday.

3.（1分）Whohasalwaystakenouttherubbish?

A.Max.

B.Mike.

C.Jane.

4.（1分）Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Inahotel.

Binacinema.

C.Atabusstation.

5.（1分）Whenwilltheyprobablygettothelibrary?

A.2：40p.m.

B.3：00p.m.

C.2：20p.m.

第二节（共3小题，6-10每题1分，11-15每题2分，满分15分）听下面3段对话或独白。每段对话或独

白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置.听每段对话

或独白前，你有时间阅读各小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或

独白读两遍。

6.（2分）（1）WhatisAndy'sproblem?

A.Hisparentsdon'tallowhimtostayuplate.

B.Hismumdoesn'tlethimgotothematch.

C.Hisparentsdon'tallowhimtogotothemusicfestival.

(2)HowdoesMelisafeelaboutherfamilyrules?

A.Cool.

B.Scared.

C.Terrible.

7.(3分)(1)Whereisthesupermarket?

A.Infrontofthecinema.

B.Behindthecinema.

C.Acrossfromthecinema.

(2)Howmanypeoplewerekilledinthefire?

A.Five.

B.Eight.

C.Three.

(3)Howlongdidittaketoputout(扑灭)thefire?

A.Thirteenminutes.

B.Twentyminutes.

C.Thirtyminutes.

8.(10分)(1)Whendothevolunteershelpothers?

A.Intheirfreetime.

B.Atweekends.

C.Intheevenings.

(2)Whomaybecomeavolunteer?

A.A10-year-oldgirl.

B.An80-year-oldman.

C.A15-year-oldboy.

(3)Whatdohospitalsneedvolunteerstodo?

A.Takecareofanimalswithouthomes.

B.Lookafterchildrenwhiletheirparentsareseeingadoctor.

C.Takecareofchildrenwhiletheirparentsareworking.

（4）HowoldisCarlosDomingo?

A.62.

B.18.

C.12.

（5）What'sthepurposeofthespeaker?

A.Tellsomefeelingsaboutbeingavolunteer.

B.Askmorepeopletodothevolunteerjobs.

C.Tellsomethingaboutbeingavolunteer.

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）第一节（满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、

B、C、D中选出最佳选项。

9.（6分）TinaSmithisa911operator（接线员）.Shetakescallsandsendshelptothoseinneed.Shegotfourcalls

thismorning.

Name：WilliamWendleName：BrianMorton

Telephone：780-374-596Telephone：781-293-745

Age：36Age：48

Place：NexttotheRiverOuseinNorfolk.!canseethePlace：Crossing4oftheM25nearthevillageof

townofKing'sLynnontheothersideoftheriver.rmShorehamwithmyfriend.

inFerryRoadwithmyson.Problem：Idroveofftheroadandhitatreeafter

Problem：MysonFreddiefellintheriverandcannottryingnottorunoveradog,Ibrokemyleg.My

getout.Heisholdingontoaboat.Heisverycoldandfriend'sheadisbleeding.

tired.ItriedtogointohelpbutIdon*tswimvery

well.

Name：AndreaShellyName：StevenCarter

Telephone：781-003-578Telephone：784-384-924

Age：78Age：33

Place：Athomebymyselfinthehall.27MycroftPlace：AthomebymyselfandI'mupstairs.18

Street.SunderlandAvenue.

Problem：Ifelldownthestairs（楼梯）andcan'tProblem：Myhouseisonfire.Ican'tgetout.

movemylegs.

（1）Whoisintheriver?

A.WilliamWendle.

B.BrianMorton.

C.BrianMorton*sfriend.

D.FreddieWendle.

（2）What'sthematterwithBrianMorton?

A.Helosthisdog.

B.Hebrokehisleg.

C.Hisheadisbleeding.

D.Hiscarisonfire.

（3）Whatcanweknowfromthetext?

A.StevenCarterswimswell.

B.AndreaShellyfelldownthestairs.

C.WilliamWendleonceworkedinahospital.

D.BrianMortonisinFerryRoadwithhisson.

10.（8分）OneSundayevening,itwasquitedarkwhenoldStanleywentforawalk.Hewaswalkingalongthe

sidewalk.Suddenly,hesawawhitecarcomingaroundthecornerathighspeed（速度）.Itwasgoingtoofast

andcrashed（冲向）intoaredcarinthestreetwherehewaswalking.Herantothecarstoseeifanyonewas

hurtandneededhelp.

Thetwodriverswerearguing.

“Youcamearoundthecornertoofast,"onemansaid.

"No!"saidthedriverofthewhitecar/'Thatsnottrue!Yourcarwasparkedinawrongplace."

Stanleylistenedtotheirargumentandthensaidthewhitecardriverwaswrongtodrivetoofast.Thedriverof

theredcaraskedStanleytoshowhewasrightincourt（法庭）.Stanleygavethedriverhisnameandtelephone

number.

NextThursdaymorning,Stanleywasaskedtogotothecourt.Thelawyer（律师）forthedriverofthewhite

caraskedhimalotofquestionsaboutwhathehadseen.ThenheaskedStanleyhowoldhewas.

"I'meighty-two."answeredStanley.

nDoyouusuallywearglasses?”askedthelawyer."Yes,Ido,nansweredStanley.

"Wereyouwearingthemonthenightoftheaccident?"thelawyerasked."No,"repliedStanley.

Thenthelawyersaid,nWhyshouldthecourtbelieveyou?Youareeighty-twoyearsold,youwerenot

wearingyourglasses,anditwasdark.Howfarcanyouseeinthedark?”

Stanleythoughtaboutitforaminute."Well,"hesaid,"Whenitsdark,Icanseethemoon.Howfarisit?”

(1)Thecauseoftheaccidentisthat.

A.theredcarparkedinawrongplace

B.thewhitecarwasgoingtoofast

C.thedriversweresleepy

D.Stanleywasintheirway

(2)What'sthecorrectorderofthestory?

①Twodriversarguedwitheachotherafteranaccident.

②Aredcarparkedonthestreet.

©Stanleysawacaraccidentwhilehewaswalkingonadarkstreet.

©Stanleygavehisnameandphonenumbertotheredcardriver.

@ThelawyerquestionedStanley'swords.

A.③①②④⑤

B.②③①④⑤

C.③②①⑤④

D.②①③④⑤

(3)WhatdoestheunderlinedwordnitHreferto?

A.Thewhitecar.

B.Theredcar.

C.Themoon.

D.Theaccident.

(4)Wecanlearnfromthestorythat.

A.Stanleyworeglasseswhentheaccidenthappened

B.thelawyerthoughtthatStanleycouldseeclearly

C.Stanleyrepliedthelawyer'squestioncleverly

D.Stanleywasnotabletoseethemoon

11.(8分)①It'seasytothink"thatwillneverhappentome，nbutnaturaldisasters(灾难)arebecomingboth

morecommonandserious.Millionsoffamiliesfacefloods,tornadosandothernaturaldisasterseveryyear.In

Australia,forexample,itswildfiresfrom2021to2023werecausedbythehightemperatureandadrought（

早）,takingawaythelivesofhundredsofpeopleandbillionsofanimals.

②Whileyoucan*tstopdisastersfromhappening,youcanstaysafeduringoneifyouknowwhattodo.

Flood

©Floodscanhappenverysuddenly.Floodwatercanbedeeperthanitlooks.ltcancarryyouaway,sostay

away!Glass,snakes,anddirtythingscanbeinfloodwater.Theycanmakeyousick,sodon*tdrinkitevenifyou

arethirsty.

Tornado

④Atornadohappensduringsomestorms.Ifthere'satornadowarning,gosomeplace,suchasasmalland

sturdy（结实的）bathroom,whichissafefromthewindandflyingthings.Remembertokeepawayfromwindows

oranythingheavythatmightfallonyou.Getdownlowandcoveryourheadwithyourarms.

Earthquake

⑤Youcanstaysafeduringanearthquakebymovingawayfromthingsthatmightfall.Getdownunder

somethingthat'sstrongifyoucan*trushoutofthebuildingrightaway.Protectyourneckandheadwithyour

arm.Ifyou*reoutside,gotoanopenspace.Stayawayfromtreesoranythingthatmightfalloverandhurtyou.

Bushfire

©Bushfires,alsoknownaswildfires,arecommonacrosstheworldduringthehottermonths.ltisimportant

thatyoutrytostaycalminabushfire.Somefirescanstartsoquicklythattheythreaten（威胁'）homesandlives

withinminutes,soyoursafestchoiceisalwaystoleaveearly.You'dbetterprepareanemergencysurvivalkitand

haveithandyatalltimes.

⑦Noonewantstobecaughtinadangerousandextremesituation.Iftheunthinkabledoestakeplace,having

aplanandknowingwhattodocouldmakeallthedifferenceforyouandyourlovedones.

（1）ThewritermentionsAustralianwildfirestoshow.

A.anaturaldisasterwillneverhappentous

B.thefirescancausethedeathofpeopleandanimals

C.thehightemperatureandadroughtmaycausewildfires

D.naturaldisastersarebecomingmoreandmoreserious

（2）Whendisastershappen,whatcanwedotokeepsafe?

A.Wecandrinkfloodwaterifwearereallythirstywhenafloodhappens.

B.Weshouldcoverourheadandstandstillwhenatornadocomes.

C.Weshouldnotwaitforotherpeople'shelpinabushfire.

D.Wecanstayunderthetreesaftergettingoutofbuildingsinanearthquake.

(3)What'sthestructureofthepassage?

A.①/②/③④⑤⑥/⑦

B.①②③/④⑤⑥/⑦

C.①/②③④⑤⑥⑦

D.①②/③④⑤⑥/⑦

(4)What'sthewriter'spurposeofwritingthepassage?

A.Tointroducedifferentkindsofnaturaldisastersaroundtheworld.

B.Toshowustheimportanceofprotectingourselvesinnaturaldisasters.

C.Totellussomewaystokeepsafeinnaturaldisasters.

D.Toexplainwhynaturaldisasterswouldhappen.

emergencysurvh*alkit

tornado

12.(8分)Doyoualwaysfeellonely?Whendoyoufeellonely?Islonelinessagoodfeeling?Nowadaysmore

andmorepeoplearehavingthiskindoffeelingintheirdailylife.Whensomeonefeelslonely,heorshewill

haveanexperienceofbeingalonebecauseoflowlevelsofsocialcontactandrelationships.

Therearetwokindsofloneliness：emotionallonelinessandsocialloneliness.Emotionallonelinessisabout

therelationshipbetweenparentsandtheirchildren.Whenchildrenleavetheirparentsforawhile,theyusually

showthepain,suchascryingandtryingtosearchfortheirparents.Therefore,emotionallonelinessiscausedby

leavingapersonthatsomeoneiscloseto,suchasaparent.Ontheotherhand,sociallonelinessistheloneliness

thatoneexperienceswhenheorsheleavesawidesocialnetwork.Onedoesn'tfeelthatheorsheisamemberofa

group，oronedoesn'thavefriendstotalktowhenheorsheissad.

Besides,lonelinessisdifferentfrombeingalone.Beingaloneisaboutnothavingcontactwithpeople.But

lonelinessisasubjectiveexperience：ifpeoplethinktheyarelonely,thentheyarelonely.Peoplecanbelonely

whentheyarealone,orinagroup.Whatmakespeoplelonelyisthefactthattheywantmoresocial

interaction.Peoplecanbeinagroupandfeellonelybecausetheydon'tgettotalktoenoughpeople.Ontheother

hand,onecanbealoneandnotfeellonely,thoughthereisnoonearoundhimorher.Thatpersonisnotlonely

becausemaybeheorshedoesn*twanttohavesocialinteractionatthattime.

So,whataboutyou?Willyoufeellonelyifyoustayalone?Oryoujustenjoythetimebeingwithyourself.

(1)Whydidthewriterstartthepassagewithquestions?

A.Toletreadersanswerthesequestions.

B.Toaskformoreideasaboutloneliness.

C.Tomakereadersinterestedinthepassage.

D.Tocheckstudents'understandingofloneliness.

(2)Whataretheyincommon,apersonwithemotionallonelinessandonewithsocialloneliness?

A.Theyhavenofriendstotalkto.

B.Theyhaveasmallsocialnetwork.

C.Theyhaveafeelingofbeinglonely.

D.Theydon'tgetonwellwiththeirparents.

(3)Whatdoes"asubjectiveexperiencenmean?

A.Ahotsubject.

B.Aperson*sownfeeling.

C.Apaininthebody.

D.Aperson'sspecialplan.

(4)Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?(Nomorethan15words)

第二节(满分10分)阅读下面的短文，从所给的选项中选择能填入空白处的最佳选项(有一项是多余选

项)。

13.(10分)Everyoneisbornwiththeabilitytolearn.Butwhetheryoucandothiswelldependsonyourlearning

habits.Researchshowsthatsuccessfullearnershavesomegoodhabitsincommon.

Creatinganinterestinwhattheylearn.

Studiesshowthatifyouareinterestedinsomething，yourbrainismoreactiveanditisalsoeasierforyouto

payattentionto(注意)itforalongtime.(1)Forexample,iftheyneedtolearnEnglishandtheylike

musicorsports,theycanlistentoEnglishsongsorwatchsportsprogramsinEnglish.Thiswaytheywillnotget

bored.

(2)_______

"Practicemakesperfect/*Goodlearnerswillkeeppracticingwhattheyhavelearned,andtheyarenotafraid

ofmakingmistakes,AlexanderGrahamBelldidnotinventthetelephoneovernight.Hesucceededbytryingmany

timesandlearningfromhismistakes.

Developingtheirstudyskills.

Itisnotenoughtojuststudyhard.(3)Forexample,theymaytakenotesbywritingdownkey

wordsorbydrawingmindmaps.Theyalsolookforwaystoreview(预习)whattheyhavelearned.Theymaydo

thisbyreadingtheirnoteseverydayorbyexplainingtheinformationtoanotherstudent.

Askingquestions.

(4)Theyevenaskeachotherandtrytofindouttheanswers.Knowledgecomesfromquestioning.

Learningisalifelongjourneybecauseeverydaybringssomethingnew.Everythingthatyoulearnbecomesa

partofyouandchangesyou.(5)

A.Itisagoodhabittolearnforalongtimeafterdoingsomeexercise.

B.Practisingandlearningfrommistakes.

C.Goodlearnersknowthebestwaytheycanstudy.

D.Goodlearnersoftenaskquestionsduringorafterclass.

E.Goodlearnerscanalwaysfindinterestingwaystolearn.

F.So,beacleverlearner,andyouwillbecomeasuccessfullearner.

第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分15分)第一节完形填空(满分15分)通读下面短文，掌握其大意，

然后在各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出一个最佳选项。

14.(15分)Inmyearlychildhood,IwasoftensurprisedwhenIsawmyfathermakingasmallamountofmoney

withdifficulty.Beingachild,Iwas(1)tounderstandhim.WhenIwasolder,myfatherstarteddoing

apart-timejobathome.Heusedtobringsome(2)backandworktilllatenight.

Ican't(3)heplayedwithmewhenIwas3or4yearsold.HetaughtmehowtoreadwhenIwas(4)

theageof5.HetookcareofmeallnightwhenIwassick.WheneverIfeltdown,hewould(5)meup.He

also(6)mylessonsandoftenhelpedmegetreadyforexaminations.LaterhesentmetoNewDelhifor

thebesteducation.(7)Ineededmoney,heneverrefused.He(8)managedmoneyformy

studies.

Twoyearsago,IgotajobatahospitalinNewDelhi.WhenIgotmy(9)salary(薪水)whichwas

abouttentimesmorethanmypocketmoney.1(10)itallonmyself.IboughtalotofthingswhichIhad

dreamedofowningformanyyears.

WhenIreturnedhomeonefinemorning,Iheardmyfather(11)withoneneighbor.Hewastelling

himmysuccessinthejobvery(12).HealsotoldhimthatIhada(13)salarythanhimatthe

endofhiswork.Adream,hissonshouldbecomebetterthanhimselfcametrue.

Iwasunabletomoveonmyfeet.Past23yearsflashedintomymindinamoment.!knewmyfatherlovedme

verymuch.Icouldunderstandthe(14)myfathermadeinthepast.Hisgoalismakinghischildmore

successfulthan(15).

(1)A.ableB.unableC.happyD.sorry

(2)A.foodB.moneyC.choresD.work

(3)A.noticeB.controlC.forgetD.remember

(4)A.atB.onC.inD.under

(5)A.callB.giveC.cheerD.pick

(6)A.caredforB.thoughtaboutC.cutoutD.caredabout

(7)A.WhateverB.WheneverC.WhoeverD.Wherever

(8)A.alwaysB.usuallyC.sometimesD.never

(9)A.firstB.secondC.thirdD.last

(10)A.savedB.spentC.donatedD.lost

(11)A.communicatingB.arguingC.fightingD.discussing

(12)A.clearlyB.carefullyC.quietlyD.proudly

(13)A.moreB.lessC.higherD.lower

(14)A.mistakeB.choiceC.decisionD.mind

(15)A.myselfB.himselfC.itselfD.yourself

第二节(满分10分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

15.(10分)Oneday,BillwenttothebeachwithhisfriendsJimandBob.Afterplayingforawhile,Billfellasleep

onthecomfortablebeach.Afteranhour,hewokeup.Hefound(1)(he)alonebecause

hisfriendswereallplayingvolleyball.Billwalkedtowardsthemandbegantoplaywiththem.

Bobhit(2)balltoohardanditfellintothesea.JustwhileBob(3)(run)

topickuptheball,astrongwindblewitaway.Billwantedtoshowoff(炫耀)hisswimmingskills,(4)

hedecidedtogettheballbackforthem.

Afterswimmingforabouttenminutes,Billbecametired.Herealizeditwasimpossibleforhim(5)

(get)theball.Buthetriedhisbesttoswimtoit.Atthatmoment,someblack(6)(cloud)

appearedinthesky.Oh,(7)strangeweatheritwas!Itstartedtorainreallyhard.Itwasthe(8)

(heavy)sofarthisyear.

AtthattimeJimandBobwerequitesurprisedbecausetheycouldn'tseeBill.Theydidn*tjuststandonthe

beachinsilenceanymore.Theyshouted(9)help.

(10)(luck),ayoungmansavedBill.

第四部分写作(共两节，满分5分)第一节词汇应用(满分5分)A.用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式

填空，每个单词或短语仅用一次。

16.(5分)

giveawaycarefulcompareinsilencefall

(1)Itmakesmeupsetbecausemymotheralwaysmewiththebeststudents.

(2)Shallwemethingswedon'tusetothepeopleinneed?

(3)WhenBonniefinishedtalking,webothsatforawhile.

(4)Thewindraisedtheleavesfromtheground.

(5)PleaseusetheInternetanddon'tspendtoomuchtime.

B.根据下列句子及所给的首字母或汉语提示，写出各单词的正确、完全形式(每空限填一词)。

17.(1分)Nowadays,childrenareundergreatpbecauseoftoomanyafter-schoolclasses.

18.(1分)Canyouetomewhyyouwerelateagainthismorning?

19.(1分)Theywerecshockedattheterriblenews.

20.(1分)Thestudentssay,nWemuststopofromcopyingothers*homework.1'

21.（1分）Syourlikemeatverymuch,let'sordersomebeefandpork.

22.（1分）WhenIheardmyname,myheartwas（跳动）soquicklythatIthoughtIwould

stopbreathing.

23.（1分）Shecouldn'tspeakloudlybecauseofasoret（喉咙）.

24.（1分）Theboygothisleftarm（断的）whenplayingskateboardyesterday.

25.（1分）Youdon'thavetobringyourlunchbecausetheschool（提供）deliciousfoodfor

you.

26.（1分）Topreparefortheimportantrace，theplayerswillhavesome（训练）inthenext

fewweeks.

第二节书面表达（共1题，满分20分）

27.（20分）假如你是美国来杭州的交换生Leo,现在居住在翠苑社区，你收到了来自翠苑社区居委会主

任Tim的来信。请根据来信进行回复。

DearLeo,

Summerholidayiscoming,sostudentsarewantedtodosomevolunteerworkinCuiyuanCommunity.What

doyouthinkofvolunteerwork?Ifyouhaveachancetobeavolunteer,whatkindofvolunteerworkdoyouwant

todo?Besides,canyougivesomeadvicetochildreninourcommunityonhowtospendameaningfuland

colorfulholiday?

Wesincerelyhopeyoucanjoinustogether.

Yours,

Tim

注意：1）词数80左右。2）适当发挥，以使行文连贯。

DearTim,

Yours,

Leo

2023-2024学年浙江省杭州市观成教育集团八年级（下）期中英语试卷

参考答案与试题解析

第一部分听力（共两节，满分5分）第一节（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段

对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每

段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题

1.【答案】见试题解答内容

【解答】略

2.【答案】见试题解答内容

【解答】略

3.【答案】见试题解答内容

【解答】略

4.【答案】见试题解答内容

【解答】略

5.【答案】见试题解答内容

【解答】略

第二节（共3小题，6-10每题1分，11-15每题2分，满分15分）听下面3段对话或独白。每段对话或独

白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置.听每段对话

或独白前，你有时间阅读各小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或

独白读两遍。

6.【答案】见试题解答内容

【解答】略

7.【答案】见试题解答内容

【解答】略

8.【答案】见试题解答内容

【解答】略

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）第一节（满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、

B、C、D中选出最佳选项。

9【答案】DBB

【解答】(1)细节理解题。根据Name：WilliamWendie,MysonFreddiefellintheriverandcannotgetout.

（名字：WilliamWendle,我儿子Freddie掉进河里了，出不来了。）可知FreddieWendle在河里。故选

Do

（2）细节理解题。根据Name：BrianMorton,Problem：Idroveofftheroadandhitatreeaftertryingnotto

runoveradog,Ibrokemyleg.Myfriend'sheadisbleeding.（名字：BrianMorton,问题：我开车驶离公路，

在试图不撞倒一只狗后撞到了一棵树，我摔断了腿。我朋友的头在流血。）可知Morton摔断了腿。故选

Bo

（3）细节理解题。根据Name：AndreaShelly,Problem：Ifelldownthestairs（楼梯）andcan'tmovemy

legs.（名字：AndreaShelly,问题：我从楼梯上摔下来，腿不能动了。）可知AndreaShelly从楼梯上摔

下来了。故选B。

10.【答案】BBCC

［解答］（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Suddenly,hesawawhitecarcomingaroundthecornerathighspeed

（速度）.Itwasgoingtoofastandcrashed（冲向）intoaredcarinthestreetwherehewaswalking.（突然，

他看见一辆白色汽车从拐角处高速驶来。它开得太快了，撞上了他正在走的街上的一辆红色汽车。）可

知，事故发生的原因是白色的车子开得太快。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据第一段OneSundayevening,itwasquitedarkwhenoldStanleywentforawalk.He

waswalkingalongthesidewalk.Suddenly,hesawawhitecarcomingaroundthecornerathighspeed（速

度）.Itwasgoingtoofastandcrashed（冲向）intoaredcarinthestreetwherehewaswalking.（一个星期

天晚上，老斯坦利出去散步时天已经很黑了。他正沿着人行道行走。突然，他看见一辆白色汽车从拐角

处高速驶来。它开得太快了，撞上了他正在走的街上的一辆红色汽车。）可知，斯坦利看到事故发生时，

红色汽车已经在路上停着了，所以②排在③前面；根据第二段Thetwodriverswerearguing.（两位司机

在争论。）和第五段Stanleygavethedriverhisnameandtelephonenumber.（斯坦利给了司机他的名字和

电话号码。）以及倒数第二段Thenthelawyersaid,nWhyshouldthecourtbelieveyou?Youareeighty-two

yearsold,youwerenotwearingyourglasses,anditwasdark.Howfarcanyouseeinthedark?"（然后律师

说：”法庭为什么要相信你？你82岁了，你没有戴眼镜，天很黑。你在黑暗中能看多远？”）可知，正

确顺序为②③①④⑤。故选B。

（3）代词指代题。根据最后一段whenifsdark,Icanseethemoon.（天黑的时候，我能看见月亮。）可

知，it指的前文说到的月亮。故选C。

（4）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Thenthelawyersaid,nWhyshouldthecourtbelieveyou?Youareeighty

-twoyearsold,youwerenotwearingyourglasses,anditwasdark.Howfarcanyouseeinthedark?"（然

后律师说：”法庭为什么要相信你？你82岁了，你没有戴眼镜，天很黑。你在黑暗中能看多远？”）和

最后一段Stanleythoughtaboutitforaminute."Well,“hesaid,"whenit'sdark.Icanseethemoon.Howfaris

it?”(斯坦利想了一会儿。“嗯，“他说，”天黑的时候，我能看见月亮。还有多远？”)可知，他说他

能看到离得很远很远的月亮，所以能看清当时发生事故的情况，斯坦利巧妙地回答了律师的问题。故选

Co

n.【答案】DCAC

【解答】(1)推理判断题。根据第一段Millionsoffamiliesfacefloods,tornadoesandothernaturaldisasters

everyyear.InAustralia,forexample,itswildfiresfrom2021to2023werecausedbythehightemperatureand

adrought(干早)，takingawaythelivesofhundredsofpeopleandbillionsofanimals.(每年有数百万家庭

面临洪水，龙卷风和其它自然灾害。例如在澳大利亚，2019年至2020年的野火是由高温和干旱引起的，

夺走了数百人和数十亿动物的生命。)可知作者提到澳大利亚的野火是为了告诉读者自然灾害变得越来

越严重。故选D。

(2)细节理解题。根据第六段Somefirescanstartsoquicklythattheythreaten(威胁)homesandlives

withinminutes,soyoursafestchoiceisalwaystoleaveearly.(一些火烧得很快，以至于可以在几分钟内威

胁到房子和生命，所以你最安全的选择是早点离开。)可知当野火发生时你不应该等别人的帮助。故选

Co

(3)篇章结构题。第一段举例介绍灾难带来的危害，第二段承上启下，第三至六段分别介绍如何在不

同的灾害下保证安全，第七段总结。故选A。

(4)主旨大意题。根据第二段Whileyoucan'tstopdisastersfromhappening,youcanstaysafeduringone

ifyouknowwhattodo.(虽然你不能阻止灾难的发生，但如果你知道怎么做，你可以在灾难发生时保证

安全。)可知本文主要介绍了在自然灾害中保证安全的方法。故选C。

12.【答案】(1)C(2)C(3)B(4)Ittellswhatlonelinessisandthekindsofloneliness.

【解答】(1)推理判断题。根据第——段Doyoualwaysfeellonely?Whendoyoufeellonely?Isloneliness

agoodfeeling?Nowadaysmoreandmorepeoplearehavingthiskindoffeelingintheirdailylife.(你总是感

到孤独吗？你什么时候感到孤独？孤独是一种好感觉吗？现在越来越多的人在日常生活中有这种感觉。)

可知，作者在文章开头提出的问题是为了使读者感兴趣。故选C。

(2)细节理解题。根据第二段Therefore,emotionallonelinessiscausedbyleavingapersonthatsomeoneis

closeto,suchasaparent.Ontheotherhand,sociallonelinessisthelonelinessthatoneexperienceswhenheor

sheleavesawidesocialnetwork.(因此，情感上的孤独是由离开一个亲近的人引起的，比如父母。另一

方面，社交孤独是当一个人离开一个广泛的社交网络时所经历的孤独。)可知，两者都有一种孤独的感

觉。故选C。

（3）词义猜测题。根据第三段ifpeoplethinktheyarelonely,thentheyarelonely.（如果人们认为他们是

孤独的，那么他们就是孤独的。）可知，孤独是一种主观体验。所以asubjectiveexperience意为"主观体

验"。故选B。

（4）主旨大意题。通读文章可知，本文主要介绍了孤独的概念和类型。故填Ittellswhatlonelinessisand

thekindsofloneliness.

第二节（满分10分）阅读下面的短文，从所给的选项中选择能填入空白处的最佳选项（有一项是多余选

项）。

13.【答案】EBCDF

【解答】（1）细节推理题。根据后文的例子"iftheyneedtolearnEnglishandtheylikemusicorsports,they

canlistentoEnglishsongsorwatchsportsprogramsinEnglish."（如果他们需要学习英语，并且