2024年中考一模 英语（广州卷）（考试版A3）

2024年中考第一次模拟考试（广州卷）英语（考试时间：100分钟试卷满分：90分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。一、语法选择(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1～15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。NobodyknowshowtheEarthappeared.ButthereisalegendinChina1explainshowtheEarthappeared.Inthebeginningoftheworld,theskyandtheearthwerenotseparated,andtheuniversewasabigblackegg.Somethinggrewinsidetheblackegg.Itwas2ababybirdnorababysnake.Whatwasit?Somethinghadgrownfor18,000years.Somethingslept.Somethingdreamed.Itwasthedreamoftheuniverse.Finally,somethingstarted3upinsidetheblackegg.ItwasPangu!Inthedarkness,hiseyesshonelikethesunandmoon.Hestretched.Bump!Hishead4ontheegg.Panguyawned.Pangumovedaroundinthedarkness.5hewastoobigfortheegg,hefelttrappedinside.Hetriedtobreakfree.Hereachedouthishandandtouchedsomethingsharp.Ouch!Itwas6axe!Great!Itwasjust7heneeded!Swing!Panguhittheegg8hisaxe.Theegggotacrack.Swing!Panguhit9again.Pangubroketheegg!Hetookadeepbreath.Hepushedup.Abovehimitbecamelightandair.Hepushedhigherandhigher.It10becamethesky.Pangupusheddown.Belowhimitwasdarkandheavy.Hepushedlowerandlower.ItbecametheEarth.Pangudidnotlettheegg11.Hepushedaparttheskyandtheearth.Fearingthatthey12close,hehadkeptpushingfor18,000years.ThemorePangugrew,13aparthepushedtheEarthandthesky.Finally,Pangugotexhaustedbecauseofallthehardworkandhedied.ThenhisheadandbodybecametheFiveSacredMountains,14MountTai,MountHenginHunan,MountHua,MountHenginShanxi,andMountSong.Pangu’seyesturnedintothesunandmoon.Hisbloodchangedintowater.It15theriverandsea.Hishairturnedintostars.TheuniverseandPangubecameone.1．A．where B．which C．who D．what2．A．either B．both C．neither D．none3．A．towake B．woke C．woken D．towaking4．A．washit B．werehit C．hashit D．hits5．A．When B．Though C．But D．Since6．A．/ B．a C．an D．the7．A．that B．what C．how D．when8．A．with B．in C．on D．by9．A．them B．it C．its D．their10．A．complete B．completed C．completing D．completely11．A．closed B．toclose C．close D．closing12．A．can B．might C．will D．need13．A．farther B．thefarthest C．farthest D．thefarther14．A．included B．includes C．including D．toinclude15．A．fills B．filled C．wasfilled D．filling二、完形填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从16～25各题所给的A、B、C、D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Yearsago,Icelebratedmy40thbirthdaywithfriendsinatwo-floorrestaurant.Manyarrivedearlierandwaitedoutsidetherestaurant.AsIwasontheroadside,ahomelessmancameneartomeand16money.IlethimknowIdidn’thaveany17withme.Withaquietsmileonhisface,hemovedon.Justthenafriendarrivedandcalledout,“HappyBirthday!”Hearingthis,themanturnedandasked,“Hey,man,it’syourbirthday?”“Yes,”Isaid.He18,smiledandsaid,“HappyBirthday!”Iwasnotcompletelyreadyforwhathappenednext.Hetookoutadollarfromhis19bag,andgaveittome,saying,“Hereman,takethis.HappyBirthday!”That’s20.Ithoughthewasmakingajoke!AlthoughIwas21deeplybyhisgenerosity（慷慨）,acceptingmoneyfromahomelessmanwasembarrassingforme.Ifeltveryuncomfortable.SoIreplied,“Thanks,but…”Lookingdirectlyintomyeyes,hesaid,“Godissogoodtome.Everynight,Ialwaysendupwithaplaceto22andenoughfoodtoeat.Pleasetakethis.”Iheldoutmy23—withoutthinkingtwice,saying,“Thankyou.”Thiswasoneofmy24lifelessons—howeverpoorwemayfeel,wealwayshavesomethingvaluabletosharewithothers.Fromthenon,Ioftenhelpedpeopleinneedandtreatedeveryonewithkindnessand25,spreadingloveandjoyeverywhereIwent.16．A．askedfor B．lookedfor C．paidfor D．caredfor17．A．gift B．cash C．clothes D．food18．A．walkeddown B．walkedalong C．walkedback D．walkedahead19．A．dirty B．tidy C．fashionable D．costly20．A．enjoyable B．lucky C．impolite D．amazing21．A．proud B．moved C．excited D．surprised22．A．go B．hope C．sleep D．play23．A．hand B．arms C．legs D．hat24．A．hardest B．greatest C．longest D．worst25．A．truth B．warmth C．achievement D．Power阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从26-40各题所给的A、B、C、D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AYesterday,Ireadareportonfruit-pickingrobots.AsIheardaboutthepriceyroboticarmsofthesemachines,Iwasfilledwithsomethinglikesadness.Ourchildrenandgrandchildren,I’mafraid,willnotbeabletounderstandhowourfoodisgrown.Norwilltheybeabletoexperiencethefunoffruit-picking.IoncespentafewweeksonafarminNewZealand.There,Imetabout50apple-pickersfromVanuatu.Atnight,welistenedtopopmusicandwashedourclothesastheytoldmeabouttheirexperiencesofpickingpineapplesandpeaches.Lifeonthefarmwashard.Theroomsweresmallanddark.Therewasnothinginthembutakettle(水壶)andashower.However,thetripleftmewithmanyfondmemories.Whenmysonwaslittle,Iusedtocyclehimhalfanhouroutoftowntoafarmeveryfewweeks.There,wecouldpickstrawberries.Helovedit.Hewasexcitedaboutthesmelloftheplants,thefeelofthesoilandtheartofguessingwhichpieceoffruithadthepotentialtobethemostdelicious.Andhesawwhereourfruitcamefrom.Iwantedhimtounderstandtheeffortandenergyduringtheprocessofproducingfood.Doorstepdeliveriesandwashedandsliced(切好的)saladvegetableshavealreadystartedtodestroyourunderstandingofhowourfoodisgrownandwhatitlookslike.Roboticfruit-pickers,Ifear,willbejustanotherstepinthisdirection.I’mafraidthatwearemakingthewholeactofeatingahands-offexperience.Whereis,then,thefunofit?26．WhatisthereportinParagraph1about?A．Robotsusedtopickfruit. B．Thefunofgrowingfood.C．Thecostofmakingrobots. D．Childrenworkingonafarm.27．HowdidthewriterfeelaboutthetripinNewZealand?A．Terrible. B．Unforgettable. C．Regretful. D．Disappointed.28．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph3referto?A．Cuttingfruit. B．Smellingthesoil.C．Cyclinginthetown. D．Pickingstrawberries.29．Whatisthestructureofthepassage?A． B．C． D．BInrecentyears,ithasbecomepopularforwomentowearatraditionalqipaodress.Especiallyduringthe“gaokao”,manymotherswearqipaostowishtheirchildrengoodluckintheexam.Thereasonisthat“qipao”standsfortheChinesemeaning“qikaidesheng”,whichmeans“victory”.Theqipaohasahighcollar(衣领),withpankous,traditionalChineseknottedbuttons,onthefront.Somepeoplebelievetheqipaooriginated(起源)fromgowns(长袍)intheQingDynasty.Influencedbywesternculture,itchangedcontinuallyduringtheearly20thcentury,becomingmorefittedandbody-hugging.Afteryearsofdevelopment,theqipaoisnowmainlydividedintoBeijingstyles,ShanghaistylesandHongKongstyles.▲TheBeijingstyleqipaoismoretraditionalthanShanghai-styleandHongKong-styleqipaos.ThecolorsofBeijing-styleqipaosaremuchbrighter.High-qualityBeijing-styleqipaosareusuallymadebyhand,sothepriceismuchhigher.ComparedwithBeijing-styleqipaos.Shanghai-styleonesaremorefashionable.Morewesternelements(元素)areusedinthedesignsandcolors.Shanghai-styleqipaosbecamethemostpopularstylebecauseofthefashionabledesignandslimshape.Now,Shanghai-styleqipaosarestillthefirstchoiceformostwomen,especiallyamongyoungerones.HongKong-styleqipaoshavebeeninfluencedgreatlybyEuropeanfashions.Theyhaveshortersleeves(袖子)thantheothertwo.Thedecorationsaresimpler,too.TheqipaoisaveryclassicproducttostandforthebeautyoftraditionalChineseclothing.ItshowsnotonlythehistoryoftheHanpeople,butalsothefootprintsofotherculturesontheland.30．Manymotherswearqipaosduringtheexamto______.A．developtraditionalcultureB．maketheirchildrenrelaxedC．celebratetheirchildren'svictoryD．expressgoodwishestotheirchildren31．InPara.2,allthefollowingsarementionedEXCEPT______.A．whobuystheqipao B．whattheqipaolookslikeC．howtheqipaochanged D．whattheqipaooriginatedfrom32．Whichsentencecanbeputinthemissingpat“▲”inPara.3?A．Theyarealsodifferentinprice.B．Theyinfluenceeachotherindevelopment.C．Differentstyleshavetheirownbuyinggroups.D．Therearemanydifferencesincoloranddesign.33．Thewriterwrotethepassageto______.A．introducedifferentkindsofqipaosinChinaB．showusthattheqipaoispopularallovertheworldC．teachushowtomakebeautifulqupaosbyourselvesD．tellusthehistory,development,styleandcultureoftheqipaoCSendingastronautstoMarsisabigchallenge.Astronautswillhavetotakeeverythingtheyneed,includingfood,airandwater.Theroominsidethespaceshipistoolimitedtoholdmanythings.SopackingaspaceshipisahugechallengeforatriptoMars.Sixastronautsonaneight-monthtriptoMarswillneedatleast18,000kilogramsofwaterfordrinkingandwashing.They’llalsoneedwatertoprotectthemselvesfromspacerayswhichcanpassrightthroughspaceshipwallsandharmastronauts’livingcells.Butalayerofwaterplacedaroundtheshipcanstoptheharm.That’salotofwater.Andsendingwaterintospaceistooexpensive.Itcosts$33,000tosendonecupofwatertoMars.Themoreyoutake,themoreitcosts.WehavethetechnologytogettoMars,buttheproblemisthatit’stooexpensive.ButFlynn,anengineeratNASA,thinkshehasawayofsolvingtheproblem.Insteadofbuildingaheavyspaceshipandpackingitfullofstuff(物料),whynotusethestuffaspartofthespaceship?Imagineaspaceshipthatblowsuplikeaballoon.Inside,thewallshavepocketslikeabighoneycomb(蜂巢).Theseholdlotsofplasticbagsfilledwithwater,driedfoodandalgae(水藻).Allthesemakehardwallsandgreatradiation(辐射)protection.Andstoppingradiationdoesn’tinfluencethefoodorwateritself—it’ssafetoeatanddrink.Andwhatifthesamewatercouldbereusedagainandagain?Flynnandhisteamcalltheirpacked-pocketideaWaterWalls.MakingoxygenandtakingawayCO2—thewastegasyoubreatheout—isanotherprobleminspace.“WaterWallswilltakeawayCO2thesamewayit’sdonehereonourEarth—withlivingplants,”Flynnsays.LivingplantstakeinCO2tomaketheirfood,andgiveoffoxygen.“Plantsarehardtogrowinaspacecraft,soweusealgae,”hesays.Algaearetinyplantsthatliveinwater.Thealgaewillliveinbagsinthewallstoo,fedbyhumanwasteandsunlight,eatingupCO2andmakingoxygenfortheastronautstobreathe.Flynnthinkshisonboardrecyclingsystemhasmanyadvantages.HehopesitwillhelpmakeflyingtoMarsarealityverysoon.34．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“packingaspaceship”inparagraph1mostprobablymean?A．repairingthingsinaspaceship B．recyclingthingsinaspaceshipC．checkingthingsinaspaceship D．puttingthingsintoaspaceship35．WhatistheadvantageofFlynn’ssystem?A．Costissaved. B．Travellingtimeissaved.C．Plasticbagsaresaved. D．Foodissaved.36．WhatisonepurposeofFlynn’sideaofWaterWalls?A．Topreventspaceraysduringthespacetrip. B．Tomakethewholespaceshipstronger.C．Tocontrolthetemperatureinthespaceship. D．Toproducewaterinthespaceship.37．Whyarealgaeputintheplasticbags?A．Topreventwaterfrombeingpolluted. B．Toserveasfoodforastronauts.C．Toprovideoxygenforastronauts. D．Tohelpotherplantsgrowinaspaceship.DTGBWP(theGreatBooksWinterProgram)isanexperiencelikenootherinAmericaneducation.Forthepastelevenyears,TGBWPhasgatheredoutstandingmiddleandhighschoolstudentsfromacrosstheworldtoreadselectionsfromthegreatestworksofliterature,experiencecollege-levellectures,engageinlivelydiscussionsandenjoywintercampfunwithotherliterary-mindedstudents.HereisasampleofwhatyouwillgetatGreatBooks:Membershipinaninternationalcommunityofenthusiastic(热情的)younglearnersanddistinguishedcollegeteacherswhoreadanddiscussgreatbooksandbigideas.YouwilldiscussthelikesofPlato,MarkTwain,Dickens,andTolstoywithotherteensfromaroundtheglobewholoveliteraturejustasmuchasyoudo!Findyourvoiceintheclassroom.TGBWPgivesstudentstheopportunitytogrowacademicallyandsociallyastheyprepareforhighschoolandcollege.Opendiscussionsencouragestudentstoexpressthemselvesandgivepowertotheirideas.Studentsgainconfidenceintheirabilitytoreadatextcloselyandexpresstheirideasclearlybothorallyandinwriting.Experiencetimeawayfromhomeandspenditatatopcollege—choosefromtwocampussettings:AmherstCollegeinMassachusettsandStanfordUniversityinCalifornia.Thisistheperfectopportunitytopreviewlifeonacollegecampus!Don’tmissthisopportunitytojointhestudentsfrom47statesand28countriesinthisuniquelearningenvironment.CategoriesReading/WritingMusic/Singing/DancingTravelling/TouringAcademic/Pre-CollegeAges11-18TypesOvernight/ResidentialMoreinformation:CLICKHERE38．WhatdoweknowaboutTGBWP?A．Acourseonliteracyskillsimprovement.B．Aneducationdepartmentofuniversities.C．Aprogramsuitableforteenliteraturelovers.D．AcampofstudyingAmericanliterature.39．WhatdoesTGBWPofferitsmembersaccordingtothetext?A．College-levelarteducation.B．Chancestobeacceptedintoworldfamousuniversities.C．Freeliteraturecoursesandliteratureworks.D．Opportunitiestoexperiencecollegelifebeforehand.40．Supposethistextisanad,whatelsemustbeincludedin“Moreinformation”?A．Contactdetails. B．Membershipadvantages.C．Agelimit. D．Activityarrangements.阅读填空（每小题1分，共5分）根据短文内容，从文后选出适当的句子补全短文，使短文意思通顺，内容完整。Doyouoftendrinkfruitjuiceandthinkitisgoodforyourhealth?41Thisismainlybecausethesedrinkshavealotofsugar.Accordingtoscientists,drinkingtoomuchfruitjuiceisjustlikedrinkingtoomuchsoda(汽水)—theybothhavealotofsugar.Takingintoomuchsugarcancausemanyhealthproblems.Somepeoplemightsaytherearealsovitamins(维生素)infruitjuice.42Inthestudy,“sugarydrinks”weredefined(定义)toincludebothsugar-sweetened(添加糖的)drinkslikesodaand100-percentnaturalfruitjuice.Scientistsfoundthatifpeopleget10percentormoreoftheirenergyfromsugarydrinkseveryday,theywillbe44percentmorelikelytodiefromheartdisease(疾病).43AsJeanWelsh,oneoftheresearchersinthestudy,toldCNN,“Sugarydrinks,whethersoftdrinksorfruitjuice,shouldbelimited(限制).44Inthisway,fewerpeoplewillbuysugarydrinksbecauseoftheirhigherprices.Buthowmuchisacceptable?Herearethesuggestionsfromscientists.45Adultsandchildrenolderthan6shouldnotdrinkmorethan230mleveryday.A．Also,theyare14percentmorelikelytodiefromotherdiseases.B．ThatiswhysomecitiesintheUShaveincreasedpricesofsugarydrinks.C．However,arecentstudyshowsthatdrinkingtoomuchjuicemaycauseearlydeath.D．Kidsbetween1and6yearsoldshoulddrinklessthan170mloffruitjuiceeveryday.E．Buttheamountistoosmalltomakeupfortheharmthatthesedrinksdo.四、语篇填词每小题1分，共5分）根据短文意思及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词，使其意思通顺、语法正确。(每空限填一词)Therearemanykindsofpollutionaroundus,suchasairpollution,soilpollution,noisepollutionandlightpollution.Theyarebadforourh46inmanyways.Burninggas,oilandcoalcreatesairpollution.Peoplemayhavet47breathinginspringinthenorthofChina.Peoplethrowawaymountainsofrubbisheverywhere,whichmakesourenvironmentverydirty.Noisepollutionsometimescanmakepeopled48sosomepeoplemaylosetheirhearing.Workingforalongtimeinstrong,changeablelightmayc49somekindsofillnesses.Itmaymakepeoplefeelterribleandisespeciallybadfortheeyes.Therefore,itisnecessaryforustoa50pollutingtheEarthsothatourplanetwillbecomegreenerandwecanliveabetterlife.五、完成句子（每小题2分，共10分）51．Lucy很有天赋，她轻而易举地通过了选拔赛。Lucywastalentedshepassedthetrial.52．为了帮助我与其他球员保持同步，我的队友们每周都要和我多练习三个小时。helpmekeeppacewithotherplayers,myteammatesspentthreemorehourswithmeeveryweek.53．对于她来说，完全有可能打败所有的选手。forherallthecontestants.54．每天放学后打鼓有多无聊！toplaydrumsafterschooleveryday!55．首先，他告诉我