2024年中考一模 英语（全国）（全解全析）

2024年中考第一次模拟考试（全国通用）英语（全解全析）（考试时间：100分钟试卷满分：120分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。一、听力理解(20小题，每小题1分，共20分)第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话读两遍。1．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Avillage. B．Apark. C．Afilm.【答案】A【原文】W:Ilikethewayoflifeinthatvillage.Wecangetfreshmorningairthere.M:Yeah.Andwecouldalsotakebeautifulnaturewalks.Ithinkit’sagoodplaceforafilm.2．WhatmusicdoesBilllikebest?A．Folkmusic. B．Popmusic. C．Electronicmusic.【答案】C【原文】W:Ienjoyallkindsofmusic.Whataboutyou,Bill?M:Ilikefolkmusicandpopmusic.ButIthinknothingcancomparewithelectronicmusic.3．WhydoesTonywanttoreadmorebooks?A．Becauseheenjoysreading.B．Becausehewantstobeawriter.C．Becausehehastoprepareforatest.【答案】B【原文】W:Wow,Tony,youhavesomanybooksinyourroom.Haveyoureadallofthem?M:Yes.Youknowit’snoteasytobeawriter,soIneedtoreadmorebooks.4．What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A．Doctorandpatient. B．Waiterandcustomer. C．Motherandson.【答案】C【原文】W:John,whatareyoudoingonyourphone?Don’tyourememberyourpromise?M:I’mnotplayinggames!I’mjustpractisingmyEnglish!5．Whatwillthemandothisweekend?A．Gocamping. B．Stayathome. C．Shopwithfamily.【答案】B【原文】W:Wouldyouliketojoinusincampingthisweekend?M:I’mafraidnot.Ijustwanttostayathomewithmyfamily.第二节听下面几段对话。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话读两遍。听下面一.段对话，回答第6至第7两个小题。6．WhendidthemancallSam?A．Onehourago. B．Halfanhourago. C．Twentyminutesago.7．HowwillSamconehere?A．Bybus. B．Bytaxi. C．Bysubway.【答案】6．B7．A【原文】W:IwonderifSamwillbeabletomakeithereby6.Ihopehewon’thelate.M:Idon’tthinkhe’llmakeit.Icalledhimhalfanhourago,andhehadjustlefthome.W:Ifhetakesataxi,hemaygethereinhalfanhour.M:Buthewasn’ttakingataxi.Hewasn’teventakingthesubway.W:Sohowishecominghere?M:Hesaidhewaswaitingforabus.Canyoubelievethat?It’lltakehimatleastanhourtogethere.听下面一段对话，回答第8至第9两个小题。8．WhoisMolly?A．Bill’ssister. B．Bill’smother. C．Bill’sdog.9．HowwillBillgotoschool?A．Bycar. B．Bybus. C．Bybike.【答案】8．C9．A【原文】W:Bill,whatareyoudoing?Comeandhaveyourbreakfast.Youhaveonly15minutestogo.M:Iknow,Mom,butIcan’tfindmymathtestpaper.Haveyouseenit?W:No,Ihaven’t.Isitinyourschoolbag?M:No,Ihavelookedinitseveraltimes.MaybeMollytookittootherplaces.W:Mollyisalovelydog.Shenevertouchesyourthings.Maybeyouleftitatschool.M:Oh,IrememberIhavefinisheditatschool,soIdidn’tevenbringitback.W:Sohurrytohaveyourbreakfast.M:Ihavenotimetohaveit.Givemethebreadandmilk.Icanhavethemonthewaytothebusstop.W:Well,Idriveyoutoschool.听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。10．Howmanypeopleareinvitedtotheparty?A．Three. B．Four. C．Five.11．WhattimewillJackprobablygettotheparty?A．At5:30. B．At6:30. C．At7:30.12．WhatisJackgoingtobring?A．Flowers. B．Somejuice. C．Apie.【答案】10．B11．B12．C【原文】W:Hey,Jack.I’mhavingapartyatmyhomenextweekend.Doyouwanttocome?M:Sure!Thatsoundsfun.Whoelseiscoming?W:Letmesee.Ithinkit’sgoingtobeAnna,MichelleandJimmy.M:WhattimeshouldIbethere?W:Oh,anytimebetween6and7wouldbefine.M:ShallIbringanything?W:Oh,don’tworryaboutit.Iwillprepareeverythingwell.M:CanIatleastbringanapplepie?W:Well,I’mnotgoingtosaynotoanapplepie.I’msurethatwouldbenice.M:I’lldothat,then.Thanksforinvitingme.W:Youarewelcome.听下面一段对话，回答第13至第15三个小题。13．Whatwasthematterwiththegirllastnight?A．Shehadacough. B．Shehadaheadache. C．Shehadafever.14．Whydidthegirlcatchacold?A．Shewentoutincoldweather.B．Shetookacoolshower. C．Shewentswimming.15．Whatdoesthedoctoraskthegirltodo?A．Stayinthehospital. B．Takesomemedicine. C．Haveagoodrest.【答案】13．C14．B15．B【原文】M:Goodmorning,littlegirl.Isthereanythingwrongwithyou?W:IhadafeverlastnightandnowIhaveaheadache.M:OK,takeyourtemperaturefirst.Whatdidyoudoyesterday?W:Emm...Itwastoohotyesterday.SoItookacoolshowerassoonasIarrivedhome.M:Well,Igotit.Youcaughtacoldbecauseofthecoolshower.W:Isitserious?ShouldIstayinthehospitaltoday?M:Don’tworry.Justtakesomemedicineontimeandyouwillfeelbettersoon.W:OK.Thankyou.QuestionNo.13.Whatwasthematterwiththegirllastnight?QuestionNo.14.Whydidthegirlcatchacold?QuestionNo.15.Whatdoesthedoctoraskthegirltodo?第三节听下面一段短文。每段独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。短文读两遍。16．Whatdidthewriterdointheband?A．Heplayedthepiano. B．Hesangthesongs. C．Heplayedtheguitar.17．Whatproblemdidthewriterhave?A．Hecouldn’tmeetnewfriends.B．Hecouldn’thavetimetorelax.C．Hecouldn’tcatchupwithothers.18．Whohadatalkwiththewriter?A．Hisfriend. B．Histeacher. C．Hisparents.19．Howdidthewriter’steammateshelphim?A．Byaskingtheteacherforhelp.B．Bytellinghimtorelaxhimself.C．Byspendingtimepracticingwithhim.20．Whatcanwelearnfromtheexperience?A．Onceateacher,alwaysafather.B．Failureisthemotherofsuccess.C．Onetreedoesnotmakeaforest.【答案】16．C17．C18．B19．C20．C【原文】Ijoinedabandasaguitarplayerinmymiddleschool.Ithoughtitwouldbefunplayingtheguitarandmeetingnewfriends.Atfirstitwaseasy,butamonthlater,itgotdifficult.Iwastheonlyonewhocouldn’tcatchupwiththeotherplayers.Ourteacher,Angie,askedmetokeeppracticingwhileeveryoneelsegottorelax.Finally,IgotsotiredofpracticingthatIdidn’tcareaboutdoingitright.Angiesentmeinsidethemusicroom,whereIcriedout.Thenshecameinandsaid,“Don’tbesad.Ibelieveyoucanmakeit!”Shetoldmenevertogiveup.IrealizedAngiewasright-bygivingup,Iwasalsogivingupontheteamandmyself.Hearingherwords,Idecidedtogoonpracticing.Myteammatesalsogavemeahand.Theyspentaboutthreemorehourspracticingwithmeeveryweek.Thankstotheirsupportandhelp,Ibegantokeepupwiththem.Later,weperformedwonderfullyinanimportantshow.Inthewholeprocess,Iwastaughtthatalthoughweeachhadourownjobtodoinashow,itwouldtakeallofusworkingtogethertomaketheshowgreat.

二、单项选择(10小题，每小题1分，共10分)21．—Themodelplaneiswonderful!Howdidyoumakeit?—It’seasy.Followthe________andyoucandoit,too.A．discussion B．education C．conditions D．instructions【答案】D【详解】句意：——模型飞机太棒了！你是怎么做到的？——很容易。按照说明做，你也能做到。考查名词辨析。discussion讨论；education教育；conditions条件；instructions指示。根据“youcandoit”可知，制作模型飞机是按照指示来做的，故选D。22．—You’vebeensoquiettoday,Tom.Talktome.Saysomething.________!—WhatamIsupposedtosayafterallthis?Justleavemealone!A．Something B．Anything C．Everything D．Nothing【答案】B【详解】句意：——你今天很安静，汤姆。跟我说话。说点什么。任何事情都行！——发生了这一切，我该说什么？别烦我！考查代词辨析。Something某事；Anything任何事；Everything每件事；Nothing无事。根据“You’vebeensoquiettoday,Tom.Talktome.Saysomething....!”可知，让汤姆说什么都行，故选B。23．—I’mthirsty.I’dlikeaglassoforangejuice.Whataboutyou,Betty?—Ipreferacupoftea_______nothinginit.A．to B．for C．with D．without【答案】C【详解】句意：——我渴了。我想要一杯橙汁。你呢，贝蒂？——我喜欢一杯什么都不加的茶。考查介词辨析。to到；for为了；with有；without没有。根据“acupoftea...nothinginit”可知想要一杯什么都不加的茶，用介词with。故选C。24．—Rememberto________yourglassesbeforedoingeyeexercises.—Sure,Iwill.A．takeoff B．takeup C．putoff D．putup【答案】A【详解】句意：——做眼保健操前记得把眼镜摘下来。——当然，我会的。考查动词短语。takeoff脱下；takeup占据；putoff推迟；putup张贴。根据“yourglassesbeforedoingeyeexercises”可知做眼保健操前要把眼镜摘下来。故选A。25．Samdid________inhisstudiesthisyearthanlastyear.A．well B．better C．best D．thebest【答案】B【详解】句意：山姆今年的学习成绩比去年好。考查副词比较级。根据“than”可知，此处需用比较级，可排除ACD选项。故选B。26．—SuHai,whatwillyoudoforthecomingFather’sDay?—I________abeautifulcardformyfather.A．design B．designed C．willdesign D．wasdesigning【答案】C【详解】句意：——苏海，在即将到来的父亲节你会做什么？——我将为我父亲设计一张漂亮的卡片。考查时态。根据“forthecomingFather’sDay”可知动作还未发生，用一般将来时willdo。故选C。27．—Safetyisveryimportanttoallofus.—Iagree.Westudentsshouldlearn________ourselvesinthedailylife.A．wheretohold B．whattovisit C．howtoprotect D．whytohelp【答案】C【详解】句意：——安全对我们所有人来说都非常重要。——我同意。我们学生应该学会如何在日常生活中保护自己。考查疑问词+动词不定式。wheretohold在哪里举行；whattovisit参观什么；howtoprotect如何保护；whytohelp为什么帮忙。根据“ourselvesinthedailylife”可知此处应是指在日常生活中保护自己，应用动词protect表示“保护”。故选C。28．—Asateenager,doyouknow________whenyouareintrouble?—Yes.Icanaskmyparents,teachersoranyotheradultItrust.A．whoyoucanaskforhelp B．howcanyouaskforhelpC．whocanyouaskforhelp D．howyoucanaskforhelp【答案】A【详解】句意：——作为一个青少年，当你遇到麻烦时，你知道你可以向谁求助吗？——知道。我可以向我的父母、老师或任何我信任的成年人求助。考查宾语从句。宾语从句的语序应用陈述语序，排除BC；根据“Icanaskmyparents,teachersoranyotheradultItrust.”可知，父母、老师和信任的成年人都是人，应用who引导宾语从句，故选A。29．MissXiangisagreatteacher_________alwaysmakesherclasseslivelyandfascinating.A．which B．who C．what D．whom【答案】B【详解】句意：向老师是一位优秀的老师，她总是使她的课生动有趣。考查who引导的限制性定语从句。which（……的）那个；who谁；what什么；whom谁，who的宾格。分析句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词为agreatteacher，因此空白处应填入指人的关系代词，在定语从句中作主语指人应用who来引导定语从句。故选B。30．—I’mworriedaboutthehistoryexamnextweek.—________.Ibelieveyoucanpassit.A．Great B．Welldone C．Takeiteasy D．Notbad【答案】C【详解】句意：——我担心下周的历史考试。——别紧张。我相信你能通过。考查情景交际。Great很棒；Welldone干得好；Takeiteasy别紧张；Notbad还不错。根据“I’mworriedaboutthehistoryexamnextweek.”可知对方很紧张，所以应该安慰对方，故选C。三、完形填空(10小题，每小题1分，共10分)Oncetherewasateenageboywhowasknownasafastrunnerinhisvillage.Heonly31aboutwinningeveryraceandbecomingmoresuccessful.Oneday,theboytookpartinarunningraceinhisvillage.Hewonthe200,100and50-meterraceswithoutanyproblem.Hewas32ofhimselfandreceivedgreatapplause(掌声).Buthisgrandfathercameandaskedhimtohavearacewithtwounexpectedcompetitors(参赛者),anoldmanandablindgirl.Theboythoughtitwasunbelievablebut33.Intherace,theboyfinishedfirst,34theoldmanandtheblindgirlwerestillfarbehind.Withjoy,hewaved(挥)hishandsatthe35.Buttheykeptsilent.“Whyaren’tpeoplecheeringformelikebefore?”heaskedhisgrandfather.“Starttheraceagainwiththem.Butthistime,allofyoushouldcrossthefinishlineatthesametime,”thegrandfatherreplied.Theboywassurprisedbut36totakepartintherace.Duringthe37race,theboytookthehandsoftheoldmanandtheblindgirl.Andhewalked38withthemtothefinishline.Thecrowdstoodupandgavethemapplause.Theboyaskedhisgrandfather,“Forwhomarethepeoplecheering?Isit39meorthem?”Thegrandfathersmiledandsaid,“Thecrowddidnotcheerforanyoneofyou.Theycheeredforhow40ofyourantheracetogether.”Facingtheraceoflife,whatmattersisnotjustwinning,buthowyouruntherace.31．A．heard B．talked C．cared D．learned32．A．harmful B．proud C．good D．nervous33．A．accepted B．argued C．punished D．left34．A．unless B．because C．so D．while35．A．girl B．boy C．crowd D．oldman36．A．agreed B．disagreed C．refused D．missed37．A．first B．second C．third D．fourth38．A．hardly B．unluckily C．quickly D．slowly39．A．for B．to C．with D．at40．A．either B．neither C．all D．both【答案】31．C32．B33．A34．D35．C36．A37．B38．D39．A40．C【导语】本文讲述了一位男孩跑步非常厉害，他只关心每场比赛的胜利。他的爷爷让他与老人和盲女一起参加比赛，当他独自跑到终点，没有人为他欢呼，但当他拉着老人和盲女的手一起冲向终点时，人们为他们鼓掌。31．句意：他只关心赢得每一场比赛，变得更加成功。heard听到；talked谈论；cared在乎；learned学习。根据“Heonly...aboutwinningeveryrace”可知男孩只关心赢得每一场比赛。careabout“关心”。故选C。32．句意：他为自己感到骄傲，得到了热烈的掌声。harmful有害的；proud自豪的；good好的；nervous紧张的。根据“Hewonthe200,100and50-meterraceswithoutanyproblem.”可知男孩毫无问题地赢得了200米、100米和50米的比赛，所以他很骄傲自豪，故选B。33．句意：男孩觉得难以置信，但还是接受了。accepted接受；argued争论；punished惩罚；left离开。根据“Theboythoughtitwasunbelievable”可知男孩很难相信他爷爷的做法，但是还是接受了，故选A。34．句意：在赛跑中，男孩第一名，而老人和盲女孩还远远落在后面。unless除非；because因为；so所以；while然而。前后是转折对比关系，应用while，故选D。35．句意：他高兴地向人群挥手。girl女孩；boy男孩；crowd人群；oldman老人。根据“Withjoy,hewaved(挥)hishandsatthe”和“Buttheykeptsilent.”可知男孩高兴地向人群挥手。故选C。36．句意：男孩很惊讶，但还是同意参加比赛。agreed同意；disagreed不同意；refused拒绝；missed错过。根据“Theboywassurprised”和but表示转折可知，男孩同意参加比赛。故选A。37．句意：在第二场比赛中，男孩牵着老人和盲女孩的手。first第一；second第二；third第三；fourth第四。上文讲述了男孩和老人、盲女孩的第一次比赛，所以这里是第二场比赛，故选B。38．句意：他慢慢地和他们一起走到终点线。hardly几乎不；unluckily不幸地；quickly快速地；slowly缓慢地。根据“theboytookthehandsoftheoldmanandtheblindgirl.”可知老人和盲女孩走得很慢。故选D。39．句意：是为了我还是为了他们？for为了；to到；with和；at在。根据“Forwhomarethepeoplecheering”可知应用介词for表示“为了”。故选A。40．句意：他们为你们一起跑完全程而欢呼。either两者选一；neither两者都不；all全部；both两者都。根据“Theycheeredforhow...ofyourantheracetogether.”可知指的是男孩、老人和盲女孩三个人，应用all，故选C。四、阅读理解(20小题，每小题2分，共40分)阅读下面四篇语言材料，然后按文后要求做题。AJoinUsForAFunDayToCelebrateLily’s8thBirthdaySaturday,June22,20131—3p.m.23MainStreetCallLisaat123-456-7891PERSONALINFORMATIONName:MaryConnorAddress:63LilyRoad,

LondonSWI,England.Nationality:AmericanAge:20Occupation:Nurse(RosewoodHospital)Hobbies:Tennis,computergamesFamily:(fromtheUSA—liveinBrightonnow)

Mother—painter;Father—doctor;Onebrother—nurseLibraryHoursToday:Tuesday5/14/2013Hours:8:00a.m.—9:00p.m.Wednesday:8:00a.m.—9:00p.m.Thursday:8:00a.m.—9:00p.m.Friday:8:00a.m.—5:00p.m.Saturday:ClosedSunday:1:00p.m.—8:00p.m.Monday:8:00a.m.—9:00p.m.Wearyoursunhatandenjoywonderfulsunshineallthetimefrommorningtoevening.Ourhotelisnexttothesea.Wehaveourownboats,too.Youcanswimintheseaorintheswimmingpool.Everydayourboatswilltakeyoutodifferentplacesforswimming.Time:July15—July20Tel:83428994Adult:$80.00Child:$40.00Peoplelikeonline(在线的)shopping.Two-fifthsofAmericanpeoplelikeshoppingonlineduringthedaytime.Hereisthesurveyoftheshoppingtimeof2,000Americanonlineshoppers.41．Fromtheinformationinthepicture,weknowthatLilywasbornon________.A．June8,2005 B．June22,2005 C．June22,2013 D．June8,201342．Accordingtothepersonalinformation,weknowthatMaryConnorlivesin________.A．Canada B．America C．England D．Australia43．Youcanborrowbooks________.A．at10:30a.m.onMonday B．at10:00p.m.onThursdayC．at3:30p.m.onSaturday D．at8a.m.onSunday44．Howmanypeopleshoponlinefrom5p.m.to8p.m.accordingtothesurveyof2,000Americanonlineshoppers?________A．320 B．640 C．800 D．42045．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?________A．You’dbetterwearyoursunhattoenjoywonderfulsunshine.B．Theboatswilltakeyoutodifferentplacesforswimming.C．Mr.Smithandhischildneedtopay$160forthetour.D．Youcanenjoythebeautifulviewoftheseafromthehotel.【答案】41．B42．C43．A44．B45．C【导语】本文详细的介绍了莉莉的生日，玛丽的个人信息，图书馆的营业时间，美国人网购情况和旅游的一些信息等。41．细节理解题。根据“Lily’s8thBirthdaySaturday,June22,2013”可知，是莉莉的第八个生日，所以应该出生在2005年6月22日。故选B。42．细节理解题。根据“Address:63LilyRoad,LondonSWI,England.”可知，玛丽生活在英国。故选C。43．细节理解题。根据“Monday:8:00a.m.—9:00p.m.”可知，你可以在周一上午10:30借书。故选A。44．细节理解题。根据“Hereisthesurveyoftheshoppingtimeof2,000Americanonlineshoppers.”可知，2000×32%＝640人。故选B。45．细节理解题。根据“Adult:$80.00;Child:$40.00”可知，史密斯先生和他的孩子需要支付120美元。故选C。BSharla,Tess,andLeehadtomakeavolcano(火山)modeltogether.Mrs.Holtputtheminagroupandtheyhadsuchabigfight!Theyhaddifferentopinionsaboutthemodel.Bythetimetheyneededtoshowtheirproject,theydidn’tgetitdone.Mrs.HoltcalledSharla,Tess,andLeetoherdesk.“Youknowwe’llfinishthelastpartofourprojecttoday,right?”sheasked.Thegirlsallnodded.“Areyoureadytofinishup?”Nooneanswered.“Isthereaproblem?”Mrs.Holtasked,knowingthattherewasaproblem.Sharlabegan,“Ithinkthevolcanoshouldbesmooth.”“And,”jumpedinLee,“Ithinkitshouldlookrocky,likearealmountain.”“Isee,”saidMrs.Holt.“Whatdoyouthink,Tess?”“Well,I’vebeenmakingbuildingsforthevillage.Ithinkitwouldbecleanifwecouldshowlava(岩浆)flowing(流动)downtowardthevillage.”“That’sagreatidea.Theflowinglavawouldbesmooth.Right,Mrs.Holt?”cutinSharla.“Yes,Iguessso.”Mrs.Holtsaid.Sharlacontinued.“Theothersideofthemountain,wherethere’snolava,wouldlookrocky.Right?”Tesscaughton.“Soonesidecanbesmooth,andtheothersidecanberough(粗糙的).Let’sgofinish!”Sharla,Tess,andLeestoodproudlybehindtheirvolcanomodel.Mrs.Holtquietedtheclass.Thenthegirlsintroducedthemodelexcitedly.Later,Mrs.Holthadaquestion.“Canyoutellaboutthestepsyouwentthroughtocompleteyourproject?”Thegirlshadn’texpectedthis.Sharlafeltherfaceturnred,butshespokeup.“Atfirstwedidn’tagreeaboutwhatwewanted.Ittookusawhiletomakeaplanandgetitdone.”Tesswenton,“Wethoughtthateverybodyhadajobtodo.”“Andeverybodyhasgoodideas,evenifthey’renotwhatyouexpect,”addedLee.Mrs.Holtlookedpleased.Thegirlslearnedhowtoworktogether,shethought.Notbad.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。46．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“problem”referto?A．ThegirlshadneverseenflowingLava.B．Thegirlsdidn’tanswerMrs.Holt’squestion.C．Thegirlsdidn’tknowhowtobuildavolcanomodel.D．Thegirlscouldn’tagreeonthelookoftheirvolcanomodel.47．HowdidMrs.Holthelpthegirlssolvetheproblem?A．Byofferingadvice. B．Bygivingexamples.C．Byaskingquestions. D．Byshowingsomefacts.48．Whydidthegirlsfeelproud?A．Becausetheclasswasquiet.B．BecauseMrs.Holtpraisedthem.C．Becausetheybuiltavolcanomodelthattheyallagreed.D．Becausetheyshowedtheirvolcanomodelsuccessfully.49．What’sthecorrectorderofthefollowingsentences?①Mrs.Holtcalledthegirlstoherdesk.②Mrs.Holtwaspleasedwiththegirls’work.③Thegirlsintroducedthevolcanomodel.④Thegirlssharedthoughtswitheachother.A．①④③② B．①③②④ C．④①②③ D．④③①②50．What’sthepurposeofthetext?A．Toshowhowtomakevolcanomodels.B．Tohelpreaderslearntoworktogether.C．Totellreaderstofinishprojectsontime.D．Tointroduceknowledgeaboutvolcanoes.【答案】46．D47．C48．C49．A50．B【导语】本文主要介绍了三个女孩在合作制作一个火山模型时产生了分歧，在老师的引领下她们明白了合作的重要性。46．词义猜测题。根据“Mrs.Holtputtheminagroupandtheyhadsuchabigfight!Theyhaddifferentopinionsaboutthemodel”以及下文内容可知她们对模型有不同意见，故此处problem指代“女孩们对她们的火山模型的外观意见不一致”。故选D。47．推理判断题。根据“Youknowwe’llfinishthelastpartofourprojecttoday,right”，“Areyoureadytofinishup?”和“Whatdoyouthink,Tess?”可知，Mrs.Holt通过几个问题一步一步引导她们解决问题。故选C。48．推理判断题。根据“Let’sgofinish!”以及“Sharla,Tess,andLeestoodproudlybehindtheirvolcanomodel”可知，她们骄傲地站在她们的火山模型后面，因为她们建立了一个她们都同意的火山模型。故选C。49．细节理解题。根据“Mrs.HoltcalledSharla,Tess,andLeetoherdesk.”可知老师把她们叫到了自己的办公桌旁，故①排第一位，排除C和D；根据“Ithinkthevolcanoshouldbesmooth...Ithinkitshouldlookrocky,likearealmountain...I’vebeenmakingbuildingsforthevillage.Ithinkitwouldbecleanifwecouldshowlava(岩浆)flowing(流动)downtowardthevillage.”可知，她们三个在分享自己的想法，④排第二位，排除B。故选A。50．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了三个女孩在合作制作一个火山模型时产生了分歧，在老师的引领下她们明白了合作的重要性。故选B。CResearchersatChinaAerospaceScienceandIndustryCorphavedevelopedandmadetheworld’sfirstrobotwhaleshark(鲸鲨).Theroboticsharkhasbeenondisplayinanaquarium(水族馆)atShanghaiHaichangOceanParksinceJanuary,2022.Awhalesharkisaslow-movingcarpetsharkandthelargestknownlivingfish.DesignedandbuiltbyengineersattheShenyang-basedNo111Factory,theunderwaterrobotis4.7meterslong,weighs350kilogramsandcanmove42metersaminute.Poweredbyalithium（锂）battery,itcanswim,turn,floatanddivelikearealsharkbymovingitsmechanicalfins(鳍).Themouthandgills(鳃)canalsoopenandcloselikeashark’s.Thebiomimeticsharkismadeofsensors(传感器)，multi-jointfins,batteries,andsystemswhichenableittoavoidthingsinthewayinalldirections.“Therobotcanreachadepthof10metersandworkforaslongas10hours,”saidFangXuelin,aseniorresearcherinchargeoftherobotsharkprogram.“Thesharkcanberemotelycontrolledandcanalsoswimbasedonpresetprogramsoritsownsensors,”hesaid.“Wehavebuiltmanykindsofrobotfishes...theroboticwhalesharkisthelargestmechanicalfishwehavemadesofar.”Fangadded.“Ourrobotsaretoservethreepurposes—toperforminaquariumsforentertainment,spreadknowledgeabouttheseaandaquatic(水生的)animalsamongyoungsters,andcarryoutscientifictaskssuchashydrological(水文的)

surveys,underwaterphotographyandenvironmentalexamination.”“Thefactorynowplanstodevelopmoretypesofaquaticrobots,includingsomeextinctmammals(哺乳动物)，fordisplayinparksandschools,”hesaid.51．Thewhalesharkondisplayis________.A．theworld’sfirstrobot B．thelargestlivingfishC．a7.4-meter-longshark D．aroboticshark52．Howdeepcanthisrobotwhalesharkreachunderwater?A．42meters. B．35meters. C．10meters. D．morethan100meters.53．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A．Thesharkisthefirstmechanicalfishmadeatthefactory.B．Poweredbyalithiumbattery,thesharkcanswimwithoutstopping.C．Thefactoryhasbuiltmanykindsofrobotfishesincludingtheshark.D．Thefactoryhasdevelopedsomeextinctmammalsfordisplayinparks.54．WhatdoesParagraph8mainlytalkabout?A．Thelimitsoftheaquaticrobots. B．Thepurposesoftheaquaticrobots.C．Theprogressinmakingaquaticrobots. D．Thestepstowardsdevelopingaquaticrobots.55．What’sthemainpurposeofthetext?A．Toattractmoretouriststotheaquarium. B．Tointroducetherobotwhaleshark.C．Toshowthatthefactoryisgreat. D．Toletpeopleknowmoreaboutfish.【答案】51．D52．C53．C54．B55．B【导语】本文讲述中国航天科工集团有限公司的研究员研发的世界上首个机器鲸鲨的主要特点和用途。51．细节理解题。根据第一段“ResearchersatChinaAerospaceScienceandIndustryCorphavedevelopedandmadetheworld’sfirstrobotwhaleshark”可知，展览的是世界上第一个机器鲸鲨。故选D。52．细节理解题。根据“Therobotcanreachadepthof10meters”可知这个机器人可以达到水下10米深。故选C。53．细节理解题。根据“Wehavebuiltmanykindsofrobotfishes...theroboticwhalesharkisthelargestmechanicalfishwehavemadesofar”可知，工厂已经建了很多种类的机器鱼，机器鲸是目前制作的最大的机械鱼。故选C。54．主旨大意题。根据“Ourrobotsaretoservethreepurposes...”以及本段内容可知，第八段主要讲述了制作水生机器鱼的目的。故选B。55．主旨大意题。本文讲述中国航天科工集团有限公司的研究员研发的世界上首个机器鲸鲨的主要特点和用途。故选B。DChinaplanstosendonetothreenetworkbackupsatellitesfortheBeidouNavigationSatelliteSystem(BDS)intospacethisyeartoimprovethestability(稳定性)andusabilityoftheconstellation(星座),accordingtothe13thChinaSatelliteNavigationConferenceonThursday,April27,2023.Beidouisapositioningsystem.ItisdevelopedbyChina.Chinaisthethirdcountryintheworldtohaveitsownpositioningsystem.WithBeidou,Chinanolongerhastodependonforeignsystems.Thisisveryimportantfornationalsafety.WorkonBeidoubeganin1994.However,thefirsttwoBeidousatellites,werenotsentintospaceuntil2000.Currently,ithas45satellitesinorbit(轨道),including15forBDS-2and30forBDS-3.Thesesatelliteshaveformedaglobalnetwork.ThecompleteBeidouwillbemorepowerfulthananyexisting(现存的)positioningsystemallovertheworld.YangChangfengisadesignerofBeidou.Hesaysthatthesystemcannoticethesway(摇摆)ofabuildinginstrongwinds.Beidouhasbroughtmanyadvantagesinourlives.Let’stakeShanghaiasexample.ThousandsofbuseshavebeenusingBeidou.Whenwearewaitingforabus,wecanknowwhenitisabouttocome.ManysmartphoneshavebeenusingBeidouaswell.Manypeoplesay,“letmeturnonmyGPS.”“Infact,theirphonesareusingBeidou.”jokesasalespersoninBeijing.Chinawillspeeduptheintegration(融合)ofBDSwithemergingtechnologiessuchas5G,artificialintelligenceandbigdata.Itaimstobuildamoreubiquitous,integrated,andintelligentnationalspatialandtemporalsystemby2035.The3-dayconferencekickedoffWednesdayinBeijing.Morethan4,000expertsandscholarsfromhomeandabroadinthesatellitenavigationfieldattendedtheconferenceonlineandoffline.56．HowmanycountriesdevelopedtheirownpositioningsystemsbeforeChina?A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.57．Whendid/willChinasendthefirsttwoBeidousatellitesintospace?A．In1994. B．In2000. C．In2023. D．In2035.58．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?A．GPScanbemorepowerfulthanBeidou.B．UsingBeidoutopositionbusesisconvenient.C．Beidouisveryimportantfornationalsafety.D．Beidoucanswaybuildingsinstrongwinds.59．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A．BDSwillprobablyhave46to48satellitesby2023.B．Over4,000expertsandscholarscametoBeijingtotheconference.C．ChinabegantobuilditsBeidoupositioningsysteminthe19thcentury.D．ThenextChinaSatellitesNavigationConferencewillbeheldinBeijing.60．Whatisthebeststructureofthetext?A．①/②③④⑤ B．①②/③④/⑤ C．①②③/④⑤ D．①/②③④/⑤【答案】56．A57．B58．B59．A60．D【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的北斗定位系统以及中国计划今年将北斗导航卫星系统的一到三颗网络备份卫星送入太空。56．推理判断题。根据第二段“Chinaisthethirdcountryintheworldtohaveitsownpositioningsystem.”可推知，在中国之前，有2个国家开发了自己的定位系统。故选A。57．细节理解题。根据第二段“However,thefirsttwoBeidousatellite,werenotsentintospaceuntil2000.”可知，中国在2000年将首批两颗北斗卫星送入太空。故选B。58．推理判断题。根据第三段“Beidouhasbroughtmanyadvantagesinourlives.Let’stakeShanghaiasexample.ThousandsofbuseshavebeenusingBeidou.Whenwearewaitingforabus,wecanknowwhenitisabouttocome.”可推知，使用北斗定位公交车很方便。故选B。59．推理判断题。根据第一段“ChinaplanstosendonetothreenetworkbackupsatellitesfortheBeidouNavigationSatelliteSystem(BDS)intospacethisyeartoimprovethestability(稳定性)andusabilityoftheconstellation(星座),accordingtothe13thChinaSatelliteNavigationConferenceonThursday,April27,2023.”以及第二段“Currently,ithas45satellitesinorbit(轨道),including15forBDS-2and30forBDS-3.”可推知，中国已有45颗在轨卫星，而中国计划在2023年将北斗导航卫星系统的一到三颗网络备份卫星送入太空。由此可推测，在2023年北斗系统可能拥有46至48颗卫星。故选A。60．篇章结构题。第一段主要讲述了中国计划今年将北斗导航卫星系统的一到三颗网络备份卫星送入太空，引出话题，为第一部分；第二段到第四段主要介绍北斗定位系统，为第二部分；第五段主要介绍了在北京举行的第13届中国卫星导航会议，为第三部分。所以文章的结构为：①/②③④/⑤。故选D。五、短文填空(10小题，每小题1分，共10分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。Onemorningayoungmanwaswalkingalongthebeach.Hesawaboyfaraway61(pick)upsomethingandverygentlythrowingitintothesea.Sotheyoungmanquicklyrantowards62(he),hewassurprisedtofindthattheboywaspickingupthestarfisheswhich63(wash)bythetide(潮汐)andthrowingthembackintothesea.“Excuseme,whyareyouthrowingthestarfishesbackintothesea?”Heasked.Theboy64(reply),“Sir,youseethesunisupandthetideisgoingout.65Idon’tthrowthemin,theywilldie.”“Butdon’tyouthinkitisawasteofyourtimeastherearemilesandmilesofbeachandanumberofstarfishesstilll