Unit 1 科学家主题-应用文写作学案

概括科学家事迹，提炼科学家精神写作任务一阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇100词左右的内容概要。DengJiaxianwasborninAnhuiProvinceonJune25,1924.In1946hewenttoPeking,wherehewashiredasanassistantprofessorofphysicsatPekingUniversity.TolearnmoreskillstohelpbuildanewChina,hepassedthePostgraduateExaminationfortheUnitedStatesin1947,andin1948,hewenttotheUnitedStatestostudyandreceivedadoctorateinphysicsfromPurdueUniversity.HereturnedtoChinain1950andmadepioneeringcontributionstoChina’snuclear(原子核能的)theoreticalresearch.In1958,togetherwithmanyotherscientists,Dengwasassigned(指派)toworkonatomic(原子的)bombs.Atfirst,theywerepreparedtoreceivetrainingfromexpertsfromtheSovietUnion.Soonafter,however,theseexpertsleft.Dengthenhadtoleadateamof28memberswithanaverageageof23tomarchforwardintothemysteriousatomicfield.AsdirectoroftheTheoreticalDepartmentoftheNuclearWeaponResearchInstituteandprincipalofChina’satomicbombdesign,DengsetupanAtomTheoryIlliteracyEliminationClass,givinglessonshimselfandorganizingpeopletotranslateandstudyrelevantforeignlanguagematerials.Atthesametime,henevergaveuphisthinkingonthemaindirectionofatomicbombdevelopment.In1964,Chinasuccessfullyexplodeditsfirstatomicbomb.Followingthesuccessfultestoftheatomicbomb,DengledhisteamtojointheresearchgroupledbyYuMinin1965andimmediatelystartedthedesignofthehydrogen(氢)bomb.Withinnomorethanoneyear,the“Deng-YuProject”wassubmitted,whichgreatlypromotedChina’shydrogenbombdevelopment.Dengwasalwaysthefirsttotakerisks.Sincethefirstnuclearexperiment,healwaysstoodinthefrontline.Inanexperimentin1979,abombfelldirectlydowntotheground.Fearingsevereaftereffects,herushedtothespot,tookthebombfragments(碎片)inhishandsandexaminedthemcarefully.Unfortunately,thisledtoradiation(辐射)sickness.Hecontinuedtoworkinspiteofillnessuntil1985whenhewasunabletoavoidbeinghospitalized.AfterDengpassedaway,hisfriend,aworld-famousphysicist,wroteanarticleinmourning.“DengJiaxianwasthefounderandpromoterofChina’snuclearweapons.HewasworthyofhisreputationasthefoundingfatherofChina’sA-BombandH-Bomb.”写作指导本写作任务要求概括“两弹元勋”邓稼先的事迹，属于概要写作。概要写作是“读”和“写”的有机结合，“读”的材料是为了给后面的“写”提供情景，“写”是对所“读”材料的思考和概括。写作步骤概要写作具体分为以下四个步骤。一认真审题，领悟题意。概要写作是联系读与写的桥梁，认真阅读并深刻理解原文是写好概要的关键。阅读的主要任务是准确把握文章大意，弄清文章的篇章结构和内部的逻辑关系，提取内容要点。二整理要点，谋篇布局。不同体裁的文章有不同的文体结构特点，抓住了这些结构特点就能比较容易地把握文章的层次和逻辑关系。本文按照时间顺序介绍了“两弹元勋”邓稼先的生平和主要事迹，我们可以抓住其出生、求学及工作、研制原子弹和氢弹、所做贡献和所获荣誉等要点。三组织语言，充分概括。概要写作的写作过程是建立在阅读原材料的基础之上，需要用自己的语言概括转述原文内容要点，而不是简单复述原文。首先，概要写作有词数限制，因此表达要力求简洁。简化表达的方法可以用短小的同义单词或短语替代原文中的长句，也可以使用概括性的表达代替具体的表达。另外，概要写作应该是一个独立、完整的语篇，要求表达连贯，并能恰当使用过渡词语。四勘误润色，锦上添花。首先，比照原文，检查是否概括了所有的要点以及观点是否与原文中的完全一致；其次，检查语法使用是否正确、内容是否具有连贯性；最后一步是检查单词拼写和标点符号，因为拼写错误和标点误用也会影响到交际。范文展示Onepossibleversion:DengJiaxian,thefoundingfatherofChina’sA-BombandH-Bomb,wasborninAnhuiProvincein1924.DengworkedasanassistantprofessoratPekingUniversitybeforehewenttotheUSA,wherehereceivedadoctorateinphysicsfromPurdueUniversity.AfterreturningtoChinain1950,Denggotinvolvedintheresearchanddesignofnuclearweapons.Underhisleadership,Chinasucceededindevelopingtheatomicbomb.HealsoplayedanimportantroleinthesuccessofChina’shydrogenbomb.Dengneverstoppedworkinguntilhewassenttohospitalduetoseriousillnessin1985.Hedevotedallhislifetohismotherland.写作任务二根据【写作任务一】的阅读文章，用英语提炼“两弹元勋”邓稼先所展现的科学家精神及人格魅力。词数要求：不少于100词。

Onepossibleversion:WhilereadingthestoryofDengJiaxian,Iwastouchedbyhisscientificspiritandpersonality:patriotism,leadership,courage,determination,selflessness,anddevotion.InParagraph1,wecanknowfrom“TolearnmoreskillstohelpbuildanewChina”thatDenglovedhismothercountrydeeplyandhewantedtomakeitstrong.InParagraph2,“Dengthenhadtoleadateamof28memberswithanaverageageof23tomarchforwardintothemysteriousatomicfield”showshisgreatleadershipandindicatesthathewascourageousandconfidentthattheycouldachievesuccessevenwithoutmuchexperience.InParagraph3,“givinglessonshimself”and“henevergaveuphisthinking”showhewasdeterminedtomakeacontributiontoourownatomicbomb.InParagraph5,“Dengwasalwaysthefirsttotakerisks”,“herushedtothespot,tookthebombfragmentsinhishands”and“Hecontinuedtoworkinspiteofillness”provethatDengwasselflessandwillingtogivehislifetothescientificprogressofthecountry.Inaword,Dengsetagoodexampletoallhisfollowersandstudents.如何写急救故事写作任务假设你是某英文杂志的特约作者，在“120急救宣传日”到来之际，该杂志邀你写一则发生在自己身边的急救故事来帮助宣传掌握急救知识的重要性。内容包括：1.

紧急状况；2.

急救过程；3.

急救结果。注意：词数150左右。

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________写作指导一、审题定调本写作任务要求写一个急救故事，属于记叙文的范畴。在文章的开头交代清楚事件发生的时间和地点。写急救故事时，通常从紧急状况、急救过程及急救结果等几个方面来描述，可以适度地发表自己的感想。时态以一般过去时为主。二、谋篇布局本写作可分为三部分：第一部分：描述紧急状况，包括时间、地点、人物等；第二部分：描述急救过程，注意细节描写；第三部分：说明急救结果及表达自己的感想。范文展示Possibleversionone:Oneday,ourdoorbellrang.ItwasLiMiaofromnextdoor:“Help,mybrotherisbleeding!”sheshouted.MysisterandIrantotheirhousetofind5-year-oldXiaoZhuangbleedingheavilyfromahugecutinhisarm.Hehadfallenwhilerunningthroughthehouse,accidentallypushinghisarmthroughaglassdoorpanel.Mysistergrabbedacleantowelfromthebathroomandpresseditonthewoundtostopthebloodfromflowing.XiaoZhuangwascryingsomysisterspokegentlytryingtocomforthim.Shetoldmetocallforanambulancesincesheknewthecutwouldneedmedicaltreatment.Justastheambulancearrived,themedicalworkersimmediatelyhuggedXiaoZhuangandheldhisarm.ThenwewenttothehospitalwithXiaoZhuang,wherethedoctorquicklydealtwiththewound.Afterafewweeks,ithealed.LiMiao’sparentsweresothankful.“I’msohappythatIlearnedfirstaidandknewwhattodo,”mysistersaid.Possibleversiontwo:Oneday,onthebustoschool,Inoticedayoungboysittingbesidemestandup,