Unit 2 Iconic Attractions 单元高频词汇和语法专题讲练

Lecture2选择性必修四Unit2单元重点词汇和语法专题复习讲练单元重点单词及其词形转换和固定搭配iconicadj.符号的；图标的；象征性的→iconicallyadv.形象地→iconicityn.形象性，图像表示→iconn.图标；偶像；代表；画像iconicsymbol标志性符号iconicattraction标志性景点foundationn.创建；基础；地基→foundvt.创建；成立；根据；以为基础→foundern.创始人→foundedadj.有基础的politicaladj.政治的；政客的→politicallyadv.政治上→politicsn.政治；政治学→politiciann.政客，善于玩弄权术者→policyn.政策locatedadj.位于；坐落在→locatevt.确定的位置→locationn.地点，位置belocatedin/at/on位于（大地点/小地点/之上）bakeryn.面包(糕饼)店;面包厂→bakern.面包师→bakev.烤，烘，焙butchern.屠夫；刽子手→butcheryn.肉铺；屠宰场jointn.公共场所(尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所)；关节adj.联合的;共同的→joinv.参加；参与joinintheactivity参加活动jointhearmy参军joinsb.insth.与某人一起做某事jointventure合资企业entitlev.给命名；给予权利/资格→entitlementn.权利，资格→entitledadj.有资格的；有权利的beentitledto有权享有;有的资格freedomn.自由；不受……影响的状态→freeadj.自由的；免费的vt.befreefrom免受，不受的影响freeoneselffrom摆脱的束缚havefreedomtodosth.有做某事的自由libertyn.自由→liberatevt.解放→liberationn.解放；解放运动→liberatorn.解放者liberatefrom解放某人或某物；使某人或某物从束缚、限制、压力中获得自由temporaryadj.暂时的；短暂的→temporarilyadv.暂时地→temporarinessn.临时；暂时licensedadj.得到正式许可的→licensevt.批准；许可n.(=licence)许可证；执照frequencyn.发生率；重复率；(声波或电磁波振动的)频率→frequentadj.频繁的→frequentlyadv.频繁地violentadj.暴力的；猛烈的→violentlyadv.暴力地→violencen.暴力byviolence强行地；暴力地biologyn.生理；生物学→biologicaladj.生物的；生物学的；亲生的→biologicallyadv.生物学上；生物学地；→biologistn.生物学家hatchvi.孵出；破壳vt.使孵出；策划；(尤指)密谋Don’tcountthechickensbeforetheyarehatched.别过早乐观。capacityn.能力；容量→capableadj.有能力的→capabilityn.能力；才能becapableof有能力做某事prisonn.监狱；监禁v.关押→prisonern.犯人besentencedto5yearsinprison被判处五年监禁单元重点短语primeminister首相；总理peakseason高峰季节ahandfulof少数人(或物)；一把(的量)referto...as把称为/称作referto查阅；提及；指代refer...to...将某人或某物引荐给foryourreference供参考atthattime在那时atonetime在过去的某段时间；曾经有段时间atatime一次；在一段时间内attimes有时候；偶尔fromtimetotime偶尔；有时incontactwith与接触；与某人或某物有联系keep/getintouchwithsb.与某人保持/取得联系setup建立；设立；安装；筹备setouttodo开始做某事=setaboutdoingtakedown记下；放下；拆除；打击；被攻击putdown放下；镇压；贬低Personallyspeaking就个人而言intheinterest(s)of为了；为了/符合的利益单元重点语法-过去分词专题复习讲练分词的概念分词常常扮演形容词的角色，也有动词的性质。分词可以分为现在分词和过去分词，现在分词由“动词原形+ing”构成，过去分词通常由“动词原形+ed”构成(也有不规则变化)。现在分词与过去分词对比时间上语态上现在分词表示动作正在进行adevelopingcountry(发展中国家)表示主动therulingclass(统治阶级)过去分词表示动作已完成adevelopedcountry(发达国家)表示被动theruledclass(被统治阶级)过去分词的用法（1）构成现在完成时和过去完成时Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.（2）构成被动语态Nowwearenotallowedtotouchit.（3）作定语：(相当于一个被动语态的定语从句)过去分词是单个单词时，一般用于名词前;过去分词短语，就放在名词的后面OurclasswentonanorganizedtriplastMonday.Thoseelectedascommitteememberswillattendthemeeting.=Thosewhoareelectedascommitteememberswillattendthemeeting.（4）作表语：常具有形容词的特征，表示主语的特征、状态或感情等Iwassurprisedathearinghimsayso.（5）作宾补：常作感官动词或使役动词的宾语补足语，表示被动、完成Iheardthesongsungseveraltimeslastweek.Ihavehadmyhaircut.（6）作状语：分词的逻辑主语(即分词动作的发出者)一般要与句中主语保持一致Seenfromthetower,thecitylooksverybeautiful.Givenmoretime,I'llbeabletodoitbetter.【注】有些过去分词是不及物动词构成的，不表示被动，只表示完成，如：boiledwater(开水),fallenleaves(落叶),newlyarrivedgoods(新到的货),therisensun(升起的太阳)过去分词专题练习-用所给单词或短语的适当形式完成句子____________________(mailout)automatically,theemailwillbereceivedbyalltheclubmembers.____________________(work)abroadforalmost20years,theoldmannowsetsfootonhismotherland.Themanagerwouldliketoseehisplan____________________(carryout)assoonaspossible.IneedanewpassportsoIwillhavetohavemyphotograph____________________(take).Theseats____________________(reserve)forthedisabledarejustneartheentrance.____________________(edit)bythreelanguageexperts,thisbookhasbeenpopularwiththereaderseversinceitcameouttwoyearsago.I'vebeendreamingofbecomingawritersinceIwasateenager,butitseemshardtogetabook____________________(publish).Withover2,500bikes____________________(store)inourfiverentalshopsatstrategiclocations,wemakesurethereisalwaysabikeavailableforyou.Althoughthestudies____________________(lead)byNavajashavelimitationsandmanyquestionsremain,thepotentialimplicationsforgroupdiscussionanddecision-makingareenormous.It'sjaw-droppinghowmuchperfectlygoodfoodisthrownaway—from"ugly"(butquiteeatable)vegetables____________________(reject)bygrocerstolargeamountsofuneatendishes____________________(throw)intorestaurantgarbagecans.____________________(occupy)withroutineofficetasks,shehadnotimetoattendtoherchildren.____________________(explain)manytimes,themainideaofthearticlewasstillnotcleartoallthestudents.Inartcriticism,youmustassumetheartisthasasecretmessage____________________(hide)withinthework.Toreturntotheproblemofwaterpollution,I'dlikeyoutolookatastudy____________________(conduct)inAustraliain2012.Today'schildrenandteenagersareconsumingthreetimesthe____________________(recommend)levelofsugar,puttingthematahigherriskofthedisease.过去分词专题练习-用过去分词完成句子Eric跑进起居室追足球,身后跟着一条走得很慢的大狗。(follow)Ericranintothelivingroomtochasethefootball,___________________________whichwaswalkingveryslowly.你不能毫不犹豫地接受别人提供给你的意见，除非它是以事实为依据的。(offer)Youcan'treadily____________________________________________unlessitisbasedonfacts.随着春节的临近,我给孩子买了一个有彩灯装饰的玩具。(decorate)WiththeSpringFestivalapproaching,Iboughtatoy ________________________________formychild.他只有声嘶力竭地喊叫才能使别人听到他的声音。(hear)Onlybyshoutingatthetopofhisvoice_____________________________________________.他专心地注视着那辆车经过，没有注意到他的朋友来了。(absorb)__________________________________________________,hedidn'tnoticehisfriendscoming.他一离开市场，就发现自己在与卖家打交道时被骗了。(cheat)Themomentheleftthemarket,he_________________________________whendealingwiththeseller.与朋友和心爱的冰球队分离，Cathy开始感到孤独和无助。(separate)____________________________________andherbelovedicehockeyteam,Cathystartedtofeellonelyandhelpless.受到了Jane的话的鼓舞，Peter摆脱了不安情绪，走到了舞台中央。(encourage)____________________________________,Petergotridofnervousnessandwalkedtothecentreofthestage.受伤的工人现在正在医院里接受照料。(injure)____________________________________arenowbeingtakencareofinthehospital.我喜欢这本书清晰的书写方式，各种引人人胜的知识给每一章都赋予了生命。(bring...tolife)Ilikehowthebookisclearlywrittenwith_____________________________________bypiecesoffascinatingknowledge.过去分词专题练习-用所给单词的适当形式完成以下演讲稿______________(give)thefastpaceofthejobmarketnow,21stcenturyemployees(2)______________(face)withchallengesthattheirparentsneverexperienced.(3)______________(compare)topreviousgenerations,standards(4)______________(set)higherforthemandthey(5)______________(expect)tohavemorequalificationsandawiderrangeofnewandessentialskills.(6)______________(require)toinnovateconstantly,21stcenturyemployeesneedtobereadytoadapttonewchallengesandrolesquickly.(7)______________(throw)intoahyper-connectedworkplace,today'sgraduateswillalsohaveto(8)______________(prepare)tomovearoundtojobsatdifferentcompanies.Therearealsoplentyofadvantagestothisnewworkingworld.(9)______________(design)tobemoredynamicandinspiring,workingenvironmentswillbemoreexcitingthanofficesofthepast.Workerswillhappilyenjoymanyextrabenefits,suchasgymsandgamesrooms,(10)______________(provide)bycompanies.Alternatively,ifsomeoneprefersmoreindependence,technologywillallowforgreateropportunitiesforselfemploymentandstartingtheirownbusiness.单元语法填空专题练习MentioningSydney,Australia,mostpeoplethinkoftheSydneyOperaHouse.1.______________(shape)likehugeshellsorrisingsails,thisfamousbuildingonSydney'sBennelongPointgracesthelistofUNESCOWorldHeritagesitesandisoneoftheworld'sgreatarchitectural2.______________(wonder).Thelocationisamazing.Water3.______________(surround)thestructureonthreesides,andtheRoyalBotanicGardenbordersittothesoutheast.Danisharchitect,JornUtzonwonaninternationalcompetition4.______________itsdesign,butwithdrewfromtheprojectafter5.______________(technique)andfinancialproblems.Finally,itsconstructionwascompletedin1973at6.______________cost14timestheoriginalbudget.Bythistime,Utzon7.______________(leave)thecountry,neverreturningtoseehisimpressivecreation.______________(current)，visitorscanenjoyaperformanceintheSydneyOperaHouse,dineatoneoftherestaurants,orseethehighlightsoftheSydneyOperaHouseonaguidedtour.TouringtheSydneyOperaHouseisrewarding,butitsastonishingarchitectureisperhapsbestappreciatedfromadistance.Oneofthebestsites9.______________(photograph)thistopSydneytouristattractionisMrsMacquarie'sChairintheRoyalBotanicGarden,orvisitorscancatchtheferry(渡船)totakeaphoto10.______________theysailpast.单元写作练习校英语报正在以"AnIconicAttractioninBeijing"为主题进行征文,请你写一篇短文介绍北京的标志性景点之一——王府井大街。校英语报正在以"AnIconicAttractioninBeijing"为主题进行征文,请你写一篇短文介绍北京的标志性景点之一——王府井大街。__________________________________________(坐落在北京市中心)，WangfujingStreet extendsforatotallengthofmorethan1,800meters.AsthemostflourishingbusinessquarterinBeijing,it2._______________________________________________