托福语法试题及答案讲解

托福语法试题及答案讲解

一、单项选择题（每题2分，共10题）1.Thecommitteehasmettwiceand______anumberofdecisions.A.makeB.madeC.havemadeD.hasmade答案：D2.Neitheroftheyoungmenwhohadappliedforapositionintheuniversity______.A.hasbeenacceptedB.havebeenacceptedC.wasacceptedD.wereaccepted答案：C3.Idon'tknowwhethersmallorangesaresweeterthanbig______.A.thoseB.onesC.oneD.that答案：B4.Themanagerpromisedtokeepme______ofhowourbusinesswasgoingon.A.tobeinformedB.oninformingC.informedD.informing答案：C5.Thefifthgenerationcomputers,withartificialintelligence,______andperfectednow.A.developedB.havedevelopedC.arebeingdevelopedD.willhavebeendeveloped答案：C6.ItisnoteasytolearnEnglishwellbutifyou______,youwillsucceedintheend.A.hangupB.hangaboutC.hangonD.hangonto答案：C7.Theprofessorcouldhardlyfindsufficientgrounds______hisargumentsinfavorofthenewtheory.A.tobebasedonB.tobaseonC.whichtobaseonD.onwhichtobase答案：D8.______youdon'tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether答案：C9.Itwasessentialthattheapplicationforms______backbeforethedeadline.A.mustbesentB.wouldbesentC.besentD.weresent答案：C10.I'dratheryou______makeanycommentontheissueforthetimebeing.A.don'tB.wouldn'tC.didn'tD.shouldn't答案：C二、多项选择题（每题2分，共10题）1.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbeusedasaverb?（）A.loveB.lovelyC.lovingD.loveliness答案：AC2.Whichofthefollowingarecorrectaboutverbtenses?（）A.Presentperfectisusedforactionsstartedinthepastandcontinuingtothepresent.B.Pastcontinuousisusedtodescribeanactioninprogressataspecificpasttime.C.Futureperfectwillbeusedtotalkaboutanactionthatwillbecompletedbeforeacertainfuturetime.D.Simplepresentcanonlydescribepresentactions.答案：ABC3.Whichofthefollowingsentencesaregrammaticallycorrect?（）A.Heisreadingabookwhichwrittenbyafamousauthor.B.ThemanwhomIsawyesterdaywasverykind.C.ThisisthehousewhereIlivedlastyear.D.Ihaveafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.答案：BCD4.Whichofthefollowingarecoordinatingconjunctions?（）A.andB.butC.orD.because答案：ABC5.Whichofthefollowingnounsareuncountable?（）A.waterB.adviceC.furnitureD.book答案：ABC6.Whichofthefollowingsentencesusecorrectsubject-verbagreement?（）A.Thenewsareveryexciting.B.Fivedollarsareenoughforadrink.C.Eachofthestudentshasabook.D.Thefamilyishavingdinnernow.答案：CD7.Whichofthefollowingadjectivescanbeusedtodescribepeople?（）A.intelligentB.beautifulC.deliciousD.friendly答案：ABD8.Whichofthefollowingphrasesarerelatedtotime?（）A.inthefutureB.atpresentC.forawhileD.infrontof答案：ABC9.Whichofthefollowingarerelativepronouns?（）A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.what答案：ABC10.Whichofthefollowingsentencescontainmodalverbs?（）A.Youmustfinishyourhomework.B.Hecanspeakthreelanguages.C.Shewillgotoschooltomorrow.D.Theyshouldbemorecareful.答案：ABD三、判断题（每题2分，共10题）1.“IhavewenttoBeijing.”isacorrectsentence.（×）2.Adjectivesareusedtomodifynouns.（√）3.“Thereismanypeopleinthepark.”isgrammaticallyright.（×）4.Thepresentperfecttensealwaysshowsanactionhappenedjustnow.（×）5.“Whom”isusedasthesubjectinasentence.（×）6.Uncountablenounsalwaystakesingularverbforms.（√）7.“I'mlikingthissong.”isacommonandcorrectexpression.（×）8.Relativeclausescanbeusedtogivemoreinformationaboutanoun.（√）9.“Hedon'tlikecoffee.”isapropersentence.（×）10.Modalverbshavenopasttenseforms.（×）四、简答题（每题5分，共4题）1.简述一般现在时的两种主要用法。答案：一是表示经常或习惯性动作，如Igotoschoolbybike.二是表示客观事实或普遍真理，如Theearthmovesaroundthesun.2.说明形容词和副词在句子中的主要作用。答案：形容词主要用来修饰名词，作定语、表语等，如abeautifulflower；副词主要修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，作状语，如Herunsfast.3.什么是主谓一致？答案：主谓一致指句子的主语和谓语在“人称”和“数”上保持一致。如单数主语用单数谓语，复数主语用复数谓语，例如Heisastudent.Theyarestudents.4.举例说明定语从句的构成。答案：定语从句由关系代词（如who,whom,which等）或关系副词（如when,where等）引导，放在所修饰的名词之后。例如Theboywhoisstandingthereismybrother.其中whoisstandingthere是定语从句修饰theboy。五、讨论题（每题5分，共4题）1.在写作中，如何正确运用不同的时态来清晰表达观点？答案：根据表达内容选择时态。描述普遍事实用一般现在时；讲述过去经历用过去时；规划未来用将来时等。要保持上下文时态一致，避免混乱，确保观点清晰传达。2.分析在口语交流中，语法错误对表达效果的影响及应对方法。答案：语法错误可能影响意思理解，导致交流障碍。应对方法是加强语法学习，积累正确表达；口语练习时注意纠正错误；说错及时补救，重新组织语言准确表达。3.探讨如何提高对复杂句子结构（如含有多个从句的句子）的理解能力。答案：首先要熟悉各种从句的类型