2024-2025学年黑龙江省黑河市龙西北名校联盟高一下学期4月期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1黑龙江省黑河市龙西北名校联盟2024-2025学年高一下学期4月期中考试英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheFreeColorado-BasedEducationalProgramBriefintroductionParticipantsinGirlsonRockgettoexploreforests,hikemountainsandsleepunderthestars.ButthatisonlypartoftheexperiencesyoungwomenseekinthefreeColorado-basededucationalprogram.Theprogramalsoprovidesthemwiththechancetocarryoutfieldresearchwithactualscientists.ThegroupsupportssimilarprogramsintheAmericanstatesofAlaskaandWashington,andinthecountriesofCanadaandSwitzerland.EvelynCheng,anecologist,andMeganBlanchard,achemicalecologist,begandevelopingtheprogramin2014.TheywerebothstudyingattheUniversityofColoradoBoulderfrom2002to2006.ApplicationconditionsTheyoungwomenhaveseveralreasonsforwantingtoentertheprogram.Theywanttomeetnewpeople,beinvolvedinscienceduringthesummerbreakandfacefears.GirlsonRockdoesnotconsideracademicperformancewhenchoosingparticipants.Instead,interestedgirlsareaskedtoexplaininwritingwhytheywanttoparticipateintheprogram.SomeparticipantsInlateJuly,2018,ateamofninegirlsandfiveinstructorslaunchedthefirstGirlsonRocktrip.Thegroupspent12daysintheGoreMountainRangenearFrisco,Colorado.*16-year-oldMiauaxochitlHaskie,fromNewMexico,hopestostudyattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyinthefuture.*16-year-oldChloeCrockerisfromFredericksburg,Texas.*17-year-oldTaliyahEmory-MuhammadisfromSilverSpring,Maryland.*18-year-oldJessiFigardfromNorthCarolinasaidshehadneverhikedbefore.ShehasEhlersDanlossyndrome,which,inthepast,keptherfromsimilaroutdooractivities.*GuadalupeRamirezcamefromthecityofDenver,Colorado.1.WhendidthefirstGirlsonRocktripstart?A.In2002. B.In2006.C.In2014. D.In2018.2.Whatdoapplicantsneedtodowhenapplying?A.Theyneedtobewillingtomakemorefriends.B.Theyneedtogivereasonsfortheirparticipation.C.Theyneedtoexploreforestsandhikemountains.D.Theyneedtoofferexcellentacademicperformance.3.Whohassufferedfromadiseaseinthepastthatstoppedherdoingoutdooractivities?A.MiauaxochitlHaskie. B.JessiFigard.C.GuadalupeRamirez. D.ChloeCrocker.【答案】1.D2.B3.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了科罗拉多州一个免费教育项目“GirlsonRock”的相关情况。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据Someparticipants部分中“InlateJuly,2018,ateamofninegirlsandfiveinstructorslaunchedthefirstGirlsonRocktrip.(2018年7月下旬，一支由9名女孩和5名教练组成的队伍开启了第一次“GirlsonRock”之旅)”可知，第一次“GirlsonRock”之旅开始于2018年。故选D。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Applicationconditions部分中“Instead,interestedgirlsareaskedtoexplaininwritingwhytheywanttoparticipateintheprogram.(相反，感兴趣的女孩们需要书面解释她们为什么想参加这个项目)”可知，申请者申请时需要给出她们参加的原因。故选B。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据Someparticipants部分中“*18-year-oldJessiFigardfromNorthCarolinasaidshehadneverhikedbefore.ShehasEhlersDanlossyndrome,which,inthepast,keptherfromsimilaroutdooractivities.(来自北卡罗来纳州的18岁女孩杰西·菲加德说，她以前从未徒步旅行过。她患有埃勒斯-当洛斯综合征，过去这种病让她无法参加类似的户外活动)”可知，JessiFigard过去患有疾病，这阻止了她进行户外活动。故选B。BJameyTurneroftenperformstolargecrowdsinOldTown,Alexandria,Turnerplaysanunusualmusicalinstrument,theglassharp(竖琴).Itismadeupofdifferentdrinkingglasses,eachfilledwithwater.Hemakesmusicbyrunninghisfingersoverthetopsoftheglasses.Bydoingso,eachglassmakesadifferentmusicalsound.Turneris78yearsold,Hehasbeenplayingtheglassharpfor50years.Hebecameinterestedinitattheageofsix,whenheheardhisfatherplayingwithaglassofwateratthedinnertable.TodayTurnerputstogetherhisinstrumentbyplacing60differentglassesonawoodensoundboard.Heholdstheglassesinplacewithrubberbands(橡皮图)whichkeepthemfrombreaking.Hethenaddsdifferentamountsofwatertoeachonetocreatedifferentmusicalnotes.Addingortakingawayjustalittlewaterwillchangethesound.Addingwatertoaglasswillmakealowersound.Thesmallerglassesofwaterproduceahighersound,whilethelargeronesproducealower,deepersound.Turneruseslow-pricedglassesbecausetheysoundbetterthancostlycrystal(水晶).Beforebuyingnewglasses,hewilltesttheminstoresbyrubbinghisfingeroverthetopsofthem.Theglassharpgainedpopularityabout300yearsago.ThecomposerslikeWolfgangAmadeusMozartwrotemusicfortheinstrument.Therehasbeenabout400musicalcompositionswrittenjustfortheglassharp.ButTurnerplaysallkindsofmusic,evenpopularmusicfromChina.Fewpeopleplaytheglassharpnow,butTurnersaysheseesvideosofpeopleexperimentingwiththeinstrumentonline.Hehopesthenextgenerationwillcontinuemakingitsmusic.4.HowdoesJameyTurnerplaymusicontheglassharp?A.Withhismouth. B.Byaddingwater.C.Withhisfingers. D.Bybreakingglasses.5.Whatmainlyaffectsthevolume(音量)oftheglassharp?A.Thecostlycrystal. B.Therubberband.C.Thelow-pricedglass. D.Theamountofwaterintheglasses.6.Whatdoweknowabouttheglassharpfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Ithasahistoryof300years. B.Peopleusedtoenjoyplayingit.C.ItisfittestforplayingChinesemusic, D.Itispopularamongyoungstersnow.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheLifeofJameyTurner.B.HowtoPlayanUnusualMusicalInstrument.C.JameyTurner’sPerformanceontheGlassHarp.D.AMusicianPleasesCrowdsUsingGlassesFilledwithWater.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了78岁的音乐家JameyTurner用水杯制作玻璃竖琴并演奏以取悦观众。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Hemakesmusicbyrunninghisfingersoverthetopsoftheglasses.(他通过用手指在玻璃杯顶部滑动来演奏音乐)”可知，JameyTurner用手指在玻璃竖琴上演奏音乐。故选C。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Hethenaddsdifferentamountsofwatertoeachonetocreatedifferentmusicalnotes.Addingortakingawayjustalittlewaterwillchangethesound.(然后，他给每个玻璃杯加入不同量的水，以产生不同的音符。加一点水或减一点水都会改变声音)”可知，玻璃竖琴的音量主要受玻璃杯中水量影响。故选D。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Theglassharpgainedpopularityabout300yearsago.(玻璃竖琴大约在300年前开始流行起来)”以及“ButTurnerplaysallkindsofmusic,evenpopularmusicfromChina.(但Turner演奏各种音乐，甚至中国的流行音乐)”可推测，过去人们喜欢演奏玻璃竖琴。故选B。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“JameyTurneroftenperformstolargecrowdsinOldTown,Alexandria,Turnerplaysanunusualmusicalinstrument,theglassharp(竖琴).Itismadeupofdifferentdrinkingglasses,eachfilledwithwater.(JameyTurner经常在亚历山大老城为一大群人表演，他演奏一种不同寻常的乐器——玻璃竖琴。它由不同的玻璃杯组成，每个玻璃杯都装满了水)”结合文章主要讲述了78岁的音乐家JameyTurner用水杯制作玻璃竖琴并演奏以取悦观众，可知，D选项“一位音乐家用水杯演奏取悦观众”最符合文章标题。故选D。CLongbelievedtohavelittlesocialstructure,giraffesactuallyaresociallycomplex,UniversityofBristolscientistssuggest.Theirsocialorganizationiscomparabletothatofelephants,dolphinsandwhales.LeadauthorZoeMillerstartedresearchworkongiraffesin2005.“Ihadnoticedthatgiraffepopulationnumbersweredecreasing,andIrealizedthatthetallestofalllandanimalshadhardlyhadanyscientificworkdoneonthem,whichIjustfoundunbelievable.Idecidedtodevotemycareertounderstandingthisspeciesbetter,”saidMuller.Mullerandherteamlookedatresearchworkdoneinthe1950s,1960sand1970s.Researchersthenconsideredgiraffesveryunsociableandthattheyformednolong-lastingrelationships.“However,thiswasnotwhatIsawinAfrica,andIstartedtoquestionwhytheyweredescribedashaving‘littleornosocialstructure’whenIcouldclearlyobservethemalwaystogether,”Mullersaid.MullerwasbasedinKenyaforfiveyears,conductingresearchongiraffesandtheirsocialorganization.Sheandherteamfoundthatgiraffesareactuallyahighlycomplexsocialspeciesthatmayliveinmatriarchal(母系的)socialsystemsandincludesharedcareoftheiryoung.“Giraffesmaytakepartinsharedparentingoftheyoung,andremainingroupsofrelatedfemales.Thesetypesofsocialorganizationarewell-knowninotherspecies,forexampleelephantsandwhales,butnobodyhaseverbeforesuggestedthatthesamecouldbetrueforgiraffes,”Mullersaid.Thegrandmothergiraffesstayintheirfamilygroups,passingonsurvivalbenefitsintoughtimestotheyoungermembersofthegroup.Forexample,theymayknowwherethereiswaterorwheretheycanfindfood.“Thisisimportantinformation,asthismeansweshouldfocusonprotectingtheolderadultfemales,sincetheyareimportantmemberstoaidthesurvivalofyoungergenerations,”explainedMuller.8.WhatdidZoeMullerthinkofresearchers’workdoneinthe1950s-1970s?A.Questionable. B.Inspiring. C.Reliable. D.Creative.9.Inwhatwayaregiraffessimilartoelephantsaccordingtothetext?A.Theirpopulationnumbersaredropping.B.Theyremainingroupsofrelatedmales.C.Theyhavebeenwellprotectedinthewild.D.Theytakepartinsharedraisingoftheyoung.10.Whyareolderfemalegiraffesparticularlyworthyofprotection?A.Theycanhelpkeepthebalanceofnature.B.Theycanhelpresearcherslearnaboutgiraffes.C.Theycanpassonlifeskillstotheyoungergenerations.D.Theycanhelpyoungergiraffesgetonwellwitheachother.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SecretsofGiraffes:TheOlder,TheSmarterB.SocialStructure:AGapinAnimalResearchC.Giraffes:MoreSociallyComplexthanImaginedD.SurvivalofGiraffes:TheRoleofOlderMembers【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.C【语篇解读】本文是说明文。主要介绍了长颈鹿实际上有着复杂的社会结构，这与人们之前普遍认为的长颈鹿社交结构简单大相径庭。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Mullerandherteamlookedatresearchworkdoneinthe1950s,1960sand1970s.Researchersthenconsideredgiraffesveryunsociableandthattheyformednolong-lastingrelationships.“However,thiswasnotwhatIsawinAfrica,andIstartedtoquestionwhytheyweredescribedashaving‘littleornosocialstructure’whenIcouldclearlyobservethemalwaystogether,”Mullersaid.(穆勒和她的团队研究了20世纪50年代、60年代和70年代的研究工作。研究人员认为长颈鹿非常不爱交际，它们不会形成长期的关系。“然而，这不是我在非洲看到的，我开始质疑为什么他们被描述为‘很少或没有社会结构’，而我可以清楚地看到他们总是在一起，”穆勒说)”可知，佐伊·穆勒质疑研究人员在20世纪50年代至70年代所做的工作。故选A项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““Giraffesmaytakepartinsharedparentingoftheyoung,andremainingroupsofrelatedfemales.Thesetypesofsocialorganizationarewell-knowninotherspecies,forexampleelephantsandwhales,butnobodyhaseverbeforesuggestedthatthesamecouldbetrueforgiraffes,”Mullersaid.(“长颈鹿可能会参与共同抚养幼崽，并留在有关系的雌性群体中。穆勒说：“这些类型的社会组织在其他物种中是众所周知的，例如大象和鲸鱼，但以前没有人认为长颈鹿也可能如此。”)”可知，长颈鹿和大象的相似处在于它们共同抚养孩子。故选D项。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thegrandmothergiraffesstayintheirfamilygroups,passingonsurvivalbenefitsintoughtimestotheyoungermembersofthegroup.Forexample,theymayknowwherethereiswaterorwheretheycanfindfood.“Thisisimportantinformation,asthismeansweshouldfocusonprotectingtheolderadultfemales,sincetheyareimportantmemberstoaidthesurvivalofyoungergenerations,”explainedMuller.(雌性长颈鹿会留在自己的家庭中，在艰难时期将生存利益传递给群体中的年轻成员。例如，她们可能知道哪里有水或哪里可以找到食物。穆勒解释说：“这是重要的信息，因为这意味着我们应该把重点放在保护年长的成年雌性上，因为她们是帮助年轻一代生存的重要成员。”)”可知，年长的雌性长颈鹿可以把生活技能传授给年轻一代，所以特别值得保护。故选C项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Longbelievedtohavelittlesocialstructure,giraffesactuallyaresociallycomplex,UniversityofBristolscientistssuggest.Theirsocialorganizationiscomparabletothatofelephants,dolphinsandwhales.(布里斯托尔大学的科学家们认为，长颈鹿长期以来被认为没有什么社会结构，实际上它们的社会结构很复杂。它们的社会组织与大象、海豚和鲸鱼相当)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了长颈鹿实际上有着复杂的社会结构，所以C项“Giraffes:MoreSociallyComplexthanImagined(长颈鹿：比想象中更复杂的社会)”是本文最好的标题。故选C项。DUrbangreenspaces,suchasparks,gardens,andtree-linedstreets,havelongbeenrecognizedfortheiraesthetic(审美的)andenvironmentalbenefits.However,recentresearchhighlightstheirsignificantimpactonmentalhealth,particularlyindensely(密集地)populatedcities.AstudyconductedbyresearchersattheUniversityofCambridgeanalyzeddatafromover10,000urbanresidentsacross15citiesworldwide,revealingastrongcorrelationbetweenaccesstogreenspacesandimprovedmentalwell-being.Thestudyfoundthatindividualslivingwithin500metersofagreenspacereportedlowerlevelsofstress,anxiety,anddepressioncomparedtothosewithoutsuchaccess.Researchersattribute(归因于)thistoseveralfactors.First,greenspacesprovideopportunitiesforphysicalactivity,suchaswalking,jogging,orcycling,whichareknowntoreducestresshormonesandboostmood.Second,exposuretonaturehasacalmingeffectonthebrain,reducingmentalfatigue(精神疲劳)andimprovingconcentration.Third,greenspacesfostersocialinteractions,creatingasenseofcommunityandbelongingthatcanalleviatefeelingsofloneliness.Interestingly,thestudyalsorevealedthatthequalityofgreenspacesmattersmorethantheirsize.Well-maintainedparkswithdiversevegetation,seatingareas,andrecreationalfacilitieshadagreaterpositiveimpactthanlargerbutpoorlymaintainedareas.Thissuggeststhaturbanplannersshouldprioritizethedesignandupkeepofgreenspacestomaximizetheirmentalhealthbenefits.Despitethesefindings,thestudyalsoidentifiedchallenges.Inmanycities,greenspacesareunevenlydistributed,withwealthierneighborhoodshavingbetteraccessthanlow-incomeareas.Thisinequalityhighlightstheneedforpoliciesthatensureequitable(公平合理的)accesstogreenspacesforallresidents.Theresearchersrecommendseveralstrategiestoaddresstheseissues.Theseincludeincreasinginvestmentinurbangreeninfrastructure,integratinggreenspacesintourbanplanning,andpromotingcommunityinvolvementinmaintaininglocalparks.Byprioritizinggreenspaces,citiescannotonlyenhancementalhealthbutalsoaddressbroaderenvironmentalchallenges,suchasairpollutionandclimatechange.12.Whatdidthestudyfindaboutindividualslivingneargreenspaces?A.Theyhadhigherlevelsofstress. B.Theypreferredindooractivities.C.Theywerelessphysicallyactive. D.Theyenhancedmentalhealth.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“alleviate”meaninparagraph2?A.Reduce. B.Increase. C.Ignore. D.Create.14.Howisthetextmainlydeveloped?A.Bynarratingpersonalexperiences. B.Bycriticizingurbanplanningpolicies.C.Bycomparingdifferenttypesofgreenspaces. D.Bypresentingresearchfindingsandtheireffects.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.DesigningEffectiveUrbanGreenSpacesB.TheMultifacetedBenefitsofUrbanGreenSpacesC.GreenSpaces:AKeytoEnhancingMentalHealthD.StrategiesforEquitableAccesstoUrbanNature【答案】12.D13.A14.D15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是城市绿色空间对居民心理健康的影响及提升策略。研究表明，靠近绿色空间可显著降低压力、焦虑和抑郁水平。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thestudyfoundthatindividualslivingwithin500metersofagreenspacereportedlowerlevelsofstress,anxiety,anddepressioncomparedtothosewithoutsuchaccess.(研究发现，居住在距离绿色空间500米范围内的个体报告的压力、焦虑和抑郁水平低于那些没有这种条件的人。)”可知，靠近绿色空间居住的人们感受到的压力、焦虑和抑郁水平较低，暗示了心理健康的提升。故选D项。【13题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在的主句“Third,greenspacesfostersocialinteractions,creatingasenseofcommunityandbelonging(第三，绿色空间促进社交互动，营造一种社区感和归属感)”可知，绿色空间能营造一种社区和归属感，结合下文中的“feelingsofloneliness(孤独感)”可知，此处指的是这种社区和归属感能够“缓解”孤独感，符合语境，所以划线单词的意思与“缓解”意义相近。故选A项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“However,recentresearchhighlightstheirsignificantimpactonmentalhealth,particularlyindensely(密集地)populatedcities.AstudyconductedbyresearchersattheUniversityofCambridgeanalyzeddatafromover10,000urbanresidentsacross15citiesworldwide,revealingastrongcorrelationbetweenaccesstogreenspacesandimprovedmentalwell-being.(然而，最近的研究强调了它们对心理健康的重要影响，特别是在人口密集的城市中。剑桥大学研究人员进行的一项研究分析了来自全球15个城市的超过10,000名城市居民的数据，揭示了接近绿色空间与改善心理健康之间的强烈关联。)”以及第二段中的“Thestudyfoundthatindividualslivingwithin500metersofagreenspacereportedlowerlevelsofstress,anxiety,anddepressioncomparedtothosewithoutsuchaccess.Researchersattribute(归因于)thistoseveralfactors.(研究发现，居住在距离绿色空间500米范围内的个体报告的压力、焦虑和抑郁水平低于那些没有这种条件的人。)”可知，此处围绕着剑桥大学的研究发现展开，讨论了绿色空间对心理健康的影响，结合下文介绍的这些研究发现对于政策制定和个人健康的潜在影响可知，本文是通过展示研究成果及其影响展开论述的。故选D项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“However,recentresearchhighlightstheirsignificantimpactonmentalhealth,particularlyindensely(密集地)populatedcities.AstudyconductedbyresearchersattheUniversityofCambridgeanalyzeddatafromover10,000urbanresidentsacross15citiesworldwide,revealingastrongcorrelationbetweenaccesstogreenspacesandimprovedmentalwell-being.(然而，最近的研究强调了它们对心理健康的重要影响，特别是在人口密集的城市中。剑桥大学研究人员进行的一项研究分析了来自全球15个城市的超过10,000名城市居民的数据，揭示了接近绿色空间与改善心理健康之间的强烈关联。)”以及下文介绍的研究发现及其对于政策制定和个人健康的潜在影响和尾段中的“Byprioritizinggreenspaces,citiescannotonlyenhancementalhealthbutalsoaddressbroaderenvironmentalchallenges,suchasairpollutionandclimatechange.(通过重视绿色空间，城市不仅可以提升心理健康，还可以应对更广泛的环境挑战，如空气污染和气候变化。)”可知，本文探讨绿色空间与心理健康之间的关系，并强调了绿色空间对于提升心理健康的重要性，所以题目“绿色空间：提升心理健康的关键”概括了本文的主题，适合作为最佳标题。故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thereisnosingledefinition(定义)ofwhat“backpacking”is.Forsome,itmaybeadecisiontotravellighttolearnaboutthelocalcultureofotherplaces.Forothers,itmaysimplybeawaytosavemoneyontravelcostsbycarryingalltheirbelongingswiththem.___16___Therearemanyreasonswhybackpackingispopular.Forone,itoffersachancetoseetheworld.Itallowsyoutovisitplacesyou’veneverbeentoonabudget.___17___Moreover,manypeoplefindtheindependenceandfreedomaspectofbackpackingtobeveryappealing.Ifyou’replanningabackpackingtrip,thereareafewthingsyoushouldkeepinmindtomakesureyouhaveasafeandenjoyableexperience.___18___Next,youshouldpacklight,asyou’llbecarryingallyourbelongingsonyourback.Thenbesuretopacknecessaryitemslikeamapandacompass.Apartfromphysicalpreparations,youneedtodosomementalpreparations.Youshouldplanyourrouteaheadoftimeafterchoosingyourdestination.___19___Besides,familiarizeyourselfwiththelocalweatherconditionsandbeawareoftherisksofwildanimalsandplantsinthearea.___20___Italldependsonyourbudget,yourtravelstyle,andyourliking.Youthhostels(青年旅舍)aretypicallycheapandofferasocialatmosphere,makingthemapopularchoiceforbackpackers.Campingisanotherpopularoption,asitallowsbackpackerstoexperiencenature.Couchsurfing(沙发漫游)andhomestaysareothergreatwaystosavemoneyandmeetnewpeople.A.However,backpackingisnotforeveryone.B.First,youneedtochooseabackpackthatiscomfortable.C.Therearevariousaccommodationoptionsforbackpackers.D.Abackpackingjourneyusuallytakesmonthsofpreparation.E.It’salsoagoodwaytomakefriendsandknownewcultures.F.Thisway,youcanbetterunderstandtheareayou’llbeexploring.G.Ingeneral,backpackingisaformoflow-cost,independenttravel.【答案】16.G17.E18.B19.F20.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕“背包旅行”展开，首先介绍了背包旅行的不同定义，接着阐述了背包旅行受欢迎的原因，然后给出了进行背包旅行前的一些准备建议，包括物质和精神上的准备，最后提到了背包旅行者的住宿选择。【16题详析】根据上文“Thereisnosingledefinition(定义)ofwhat“backpacking”is.Forsome,itmaybeadecisiontotravellighttolearnaboutthelocalcultureofotherplaces.Forothers,itmaysimplybeawaytosavemoneyontravelcostsbycarryingalltheirbelongingswiththem.(对于“背包旅行”并没有一个单一的定义。对一些人来说，它可能是一种轻装上阵去了解其他地方当地文化的决定。对另一些人来说，它可能仅仅是一种通过随身携带所有物品来节省旅行费用的方式。)”可知，上文提到了背包旅行的不同定义。选项G“Ingeneral,backpackingisaformoflow-cost,independenttravel.(一般来说，背包旅行是一种低成本、独立的旅行方式。)”符合语境，既总结了前文对背包旅行定义的描述，又引出了下文对背包旅行受欢迎原因的介绍。故选G。【17题详析】根据上文“Therearemanyreasonswhybackpackingispopular.Forone,itoffersachancetoseetheworld.Itallowsyoutovisitplacesyou’veneverbeentoonabudget.(背包旅行受欢迎有很多原因。一方面，它提供了一个看世界的机会。它让你能够在预算范围内游览你从未去过的地方。)”可知，上文指出了背包旅行受欢迎的原因，背包旅行能让人有机会看世界、在预算内游览从未去过的地方。选项E“It’salsoagoodwaytomakefriendsandknownewcultures.(这也是交朋友和了解新文化的好方法。)”与前文构成并列关系，继续阐述背包旅行的优点，符合逻辑。故选E。【18题详析】根据上文“Ifyou’replanningabackpackingtrip,thereareafewthingsyoushouldkeepinmindtomakesureyouhaveasafeandenjoyableexperience.(如果你正计划一次背包旅行，有几件事你应该牢记在心，以确保你有一次安全又愉快的旅行体验。)”可知，上文提到计划背包旅行时有一些事情要记住。而下文“Next,youshouldpacklight,asyou’llbecarryingallyourbelongingsonyourback.Thenbesuretopacknecessaryitemslikeamapandacompass.(接下来，你应该轻装上阵，因为你要背着所有的物品。然后一定要带上像地图和指南针这样的必备物品。)”中的“next、then”则暗示空处应该是第一个步骤。选项B“First,youneedtochooseabackpackthatiscomfortable.(首先，你需要选择一个舒适的背包。)”符合行文逻辑，是准备背包旅行的第一步。故选B。【19题详析】根据上文“Apartfromphysicalpreparations,youneedtodosomementalpreparations.Youshouldplanyourrouteaheadoftimeafterchoosingyourdestination.(除了身体上的准备，你还需要做一些心理上的准备。在选择好目的地之后，你应该提前规划好路线。)”可知，上文提到要提前规划路线。选项F“Thisway,youcanbetterunderstandtheareayou’llbeexploring.(这样，你就能更好地了解你要探索的区域)”延续上文内容，指出这样做的好处，同时与上文“planyourrouteaheadoftimeafterchoosingyourdestination”相呼应，解释了提前规划路线的目的，逻辑合理。故选F。【20题详析】根据下文“Italldependsonyourbudget,yourtravelstyle,andyourliking.Youthhostels(青年旅舍)aretypicallycheapandofferasocialatmosphere,makingthemapopularchoiceforbackpackers.Campingisanotherpopularoption,asitallowsbackpackerstoexperiencenature.Couchsurfing(沙发漫游)andhomestaysareothergreatwaystosavemoneyandmeetnewpeople.(这完全取决于你的预算、旅行风格以及个人喜好。青年旅舍通常价格便宜，还能提供一种社交氛围，这使它们成为背包客的热门选择。露营是另一个受欢迎的选择，因为它能让背包客体验大自然。沙发漫游和寄宿家庭是另外很好的省钱方式，还能结识新朋友。)”可知，下文介绍了青年旅舍、露营、沙发漫游和寄宿家庭等不同的住宿选择。选项C“Therearevariousaccommodationoptionsforbackpackers.(背包客有各种各样的住宿选择。)”作为总起句，引出下文对不同住宿方式的介绍，符合语境。故选C。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Thisisastorythathappened15yearsago,butithasalwaysstayedwithmesincethen.Everyeveningonmywayhomefromwork,therewouldbea(n)____21____manstandingattheexitofthefreeway.Heoften____22____ateverycar,smiling.EverytimeIgotclosetohim,Iwouldhandhimsomesparecoins.Healwayssaidtome,“Thankyou.I’mblessed!”AndIalwaysleftwith____23____andsatisfaction.His____24____intheunsettledlifestylereally____25____me.Andhisreplywouldremindmeofhow____26____Iwasamotherwithalovelychild,withaplacetocallhomeandwithajobto____27____mykid.Oneday,IwasinformedbymybossthatIwas____28____duetotheterribleeconomy.Afeelingof____29____surroundedme.Iwasinnomoodtodoanything.Onmywayhome,Ididn’tdo____30____IhadalwaysdonewhenIsawtheman,whowasstill____31____otherswithasmile.Ijustdrovestraightahead.Tomy____32____,whileIwasinlineataredlighttoleavetheramp(坡道),themanstoppedatmycarwithadollarbill,saying____33____,“Youlookunhappy,butyouknowallwillturnoutfine.Giveyouadollartodayand____34____!”Thenheleft.Thatdayhetaughtmealesson.Nomatterwhatmaterialthingsaretakenfromyou,noonecantakeawayyour____35____tobehappy.21.A.annoying B.homeless C.honest D.funny22.A.shouted B.laughed C.waved D.worked23.A.certainty B.patience C.joy D.concern24.A.responsibility B.optimism C.humor D.achievement25.A.discouraged B.troubled C.confused D.impressed26.A.lucky B.mean C.friendly D.ordinary27.A.meet B.arrange C.show D.support28.A.defeated B.challenged C.fired D.charged29.A.worry B.freedom C.relaxation D.doubt30.A.although B.since C.but D.as31.A.stopping B.greeting C.helping D.praising32.A.satisfaction B.regret C.amazement D.disappointment33.A.thoughtfully B.strictly C.aimlessly D.excitedly34.A.watchout B.calmdown C.comealong D.cheerup35.A.choice B.experience C.method D.advantage【答案】21.B22.C23.C24.B25.D26.A27.D28.C29.A30.D31.B32.C33.A34.D35.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者遇到乐观的无家可归者后受其鼓舞，即便生活困顿也能选择快乐、积极面对的故事。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每天晚上下班回家的路上，都会有一个无家可归的人站在高速公路的出口处。A.annoying令人恼怒的；B.homeless无家可归的；C.honest诚实的；D.funny有趣的。根据后文“Iwouldhandhimsomesparecoins.(我会给他一些多余的硬币)”可知，此处是指一个无家可归的人。故选B。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他经常向每辆车挥手，微笑着。A.shouted喊叫；B.laughed大笑；C.waved挥手；D.worked工作。根据后文“ateverycar,smiling”可知，此处是指他经常向每辆车挥手。故选C。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我总是带着喜悦和满足离开。A.certainty确定性；B.patience耐心；C.joy喜悦；D.concern关心。根据后文“andsatisfaction”可知，此处是指带着喜悦和满足离开。故选C。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他对动荡生活的乐观态度真的给我留下了深刻的印象。A.responsibility责任；B.optimism乐观；C.humor幽默；D.achievement成就。根据前文“Heoftenateverycar,smiling.”可知，此处是指他对动荡生活的乐观态度。故选B。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.discouraged使气馁；B.troubled使烦恼；C.confused使困惑；D.impressed使……印象深刻。根据前文“Hisintheunsettledlifestyle”可知，此处是指他对动荡生活的乐观态度真的给作者留下了深刻的印象。故选D。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的回答让我想起自己作为一个母亲是多么幸运，有一个可爱的孩子，有一个可以称之为家的地方，有一份可以养活孩子的工作。A.lucky幸运的；B.mean吝啬的；C.friendly友好的；D.ordinary普通的。根据后文“withalovelychild,withaplacetocallhomeandwithajobtomykid”可知，此处是指作为一个母亲是多么幸运。故选A。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的回答让我想起自己作为一个母亲是多么幸运，有一个可爱的孩子，有一个可以称之为家的地方，有一份可以养活孩子的工作。A.meet遇见；B.arrange安排；C.show展示；D.support养活。根据前文“withajob”可知，此处是指有一份可以养活孩子的工作。故选D。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我的老板告诉我，由于经济不景气，我被解雇了。A.defeated打败；B.challenged挑战；C.fired解雇；D.charged指控。根据后文“duetotheterribleeconomy”可知，此处是指作者被解雇了。故选C。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一种担忧的感觉包围了我。A.worry担忧；B.freedom自由；C.relaxation放松；D.doubt怀疑。根据前文“IwasinformedbymybossthatIwasduetotheterribleeconomy.”可知，此处是指被解雇后，一种担忧的感觉包围了作者。故选A。【30题详析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：在回家的路上，我没有像往常一样看到那个人就做些什么，那个人仍然微笑着向别人打招呼。A.although虽然；B.since自从，因为；C.but但是；D.as像……一样。根据空格前“Ididn’tdo”和空格后“Ihadalwaysdone”可知，此处是指作者没有像往常一样看到那个人就做些什么。故选D。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.stopping停止；B.greeting打招呼；C.helping帮助；D.praising表扬。根据前文“Heoftenateverycar,smiling.”可知，此处是指那个人仍然微笑着向别人打招呼。故选B。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，当我在坡道上排队等红灯时，那人拿着一张一美元的钞票停在我的车旁，体贴地说：“你看起来不开心，但你知道一切都会好起来的。今天给你一美元，振作起来！”A.satisfaction满意；B.regret后悔；C.amazement惊讶；D.disappointment失望。根据后文“themanstoppedatmycarwithadollarbill”可知，此处是指令作者惊讶的是。故选C。【33题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A.thoughtfully体贴地；B.strictly严格地；C.aimlessly漫无目的地；D.excitedly激动地。根据后文“Youlookunhappy,butyouknowallwillturnoutfine.”可知，此处是指那个人体贴地说。故选A。【34题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A.watchout小心；B.calmdown冷静；C.comealong出现；D.cheerup振作起来。根据前文“Youlookunhappy,butyouknowallwillturnoutfine.”可知，此处是指那个人让作者振作起来。故选D。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论你失去了什么物质上的东西，没有人能夺走你选择快乐的能力。A.choice选择；B.experience经历；C.method方法；D.advantage优势。根据前文“Nomatterwhatmaterialthingsaretakenfromyou”可知，此处是指没有人能夺走你选择快乐的能力。故选A。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ZhaoWenruiisayoungartteacherfromChina,Hewaspraised____36____spendingthreemonthsworkingonAlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestivalontheblackboard.WhenZhaodrewthechalkversion,hejustwantedtodosomethinginteresting____37____(surprise)hisstudentswhentheycamebackfromtheirvacation.After____38____(finish)his