阅读理解之细节题解题方法-2021年高考英语题型大冲关（上海专用）

高考阅读理解专题一细节题解题方法

知识导

题型籍述

选项特点

解题过程中应该注套的问题

"数字计算题一一查读分析法

要点精析

（一）、题型概述

细节理解题一般根据短文提供的信息和事实进行提问，命题人往往通过对文章细节加以改写来考查考生准

确理解细节的能力。细节理解题在高考阅读理解中占有相当大的比例，一般包括：

1.直接理解题----在原文中可直接找到答案，常用who,what,when,where,why和how等提问。

2.间接信息题——需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语意上的转换，两者存在表达上的差异，有时需要

进行加工或整理方能得出结论。

3.数字计算题——文章中直接给出来相关数据，要经过具体的计算才能够得出答案。

4.排列顺序题——根据事件发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件发生的正确顺序。

5.图表、图画题——有的图表、图画出现在阅读理解文幸中，有的出现在选项中，它们的出现增加了试题

的直观性，同时也暗含与文章内容相关的信息。

(二)、选项特点

1.正确选项的特点

(1)对原文句子中的关键词进行替换。把原文中的一些词换成意义相近的词，变成正确选项。

(2)词性或者语态的变化。把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，或者改变原文句子的语态，给考生制造障碍。

(3)语言简化。把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化，变成正确选项。

(4)正话反说。把原文中的意思反过来表达，变成正确选项(适用于寻找错误选项的题目)。

2.干扰项的特点

(1)将原文内容扩大或缩小。把原文中的限定词去掉或替换棹，使该选项看似正确，实际上却是错误选项。

(2)把未然当已然。改变文中某句话的时态，如把将来时变成现在时，把未发生的事情当成已发生的事情。

(3)无中生有。即选项内容是根据主观想象或推测得出的结论，而文中并未涉及。

(4)偷换概念。把原来做该事的“张三”换成“李四”，而所述细节却与原文一致，一不小心就会误选。

(5)文不对题。这类选项最不容易游别，选项中的描述与原文完全一致，确实属于原文中的一人细节，这时

要回到题干，看该选项是否能回答题干所提的问题。

(6)好合常识，但不是文章内容。

(7)部分正确，部分错误。

（三）、解题过程中应该注意的问题

I.首先弄清题干和每个选项的含义，带着问题去阅读，做到有的放矢。通常来说，只要仔细闵读，此类问

题的答案都可以在阅读材料中找到相应的文字和语段来脸证。

2.按照题目的要求寻找与之相关的细节，正确估计答案来源。有的题目只要抓住文幸的某处信息，即可找

到正确答案；有的则需要综合文幸多处信息加以分析，才能找到正确答案。

3.要注意题目和文章的关键词的暗示作用。忽略了它们的暗示作用，就失去了解题的钥匙。如Qrexample,

suchas的例证作用：thatis,inotherwords的解释作用；however,but的转折作用等。

4.运用文章的过渡词找到解决问题的突破口。过渡词能够表达各种语意关系，可以借助它们弄清事件的来

龙去脉。更重要的是，这些过渡词绝大多数与细节性的问题有着密切的联系，问题的答案往往是用表达各

种语意关系的过渡词来引出的。

5.注意文中和题干中设计的“陷阱”，不要被表面信息所迷惑。另外，有些题目的设置采用反向思维，题干

中含有not或except等否定词，对此要特别小心，以免上当。

（四）、命题方式

1.特殊疑问句形式。以when,where,what,which,who,howmuch/many等疑问词开头引出问题。

2.判断是非的形式。含有TRUE/FALSE,NOTtrue/false或EXCEPT等词的判断是非的问题。要注意题干

中是否含有否定词，如noi,never等。

3.以“Accordingto...”开头的提问杉式。

4.填空形式。如TheteacherusedTinkertoysinorderto.

（五）、技法点拨

1.直接信息题——题干定位法

细节的直接折认不要求读者对客观的事实作解释或判断，只要求他们从阅读材料中直接获取信息。

‘认真阅读题干，根据关键词明确答题方向。

运用略读及查读技巧迅速找到文中与问题

题干定位法《相关的信息。

仔细比较所给选项，与原文信息对应，锁定

<正确选项。

【典例剖析】

Tt'sextremelyimportantfbrustothinkaboutthisasawholesystemandnotjustthesumofabunchof

individualcomponents（元件）saidRobertWood,theHarvardengineeringprolessorwhohasbeenworkingonthe

roboticflyprojectforoveradecade.Afewyearsago,histeamgotthego-aheadtostartpiecingtogetherthe

components.<vTheaddeddifficultywithaprojectlikethisisthatactuallynoneofthosecomponentsareontheshelf

andsowehavetodevelopthemallonourown,“hesaid.

72.Thedifficultytheteamofengineersmetwithwhilemakingtheroboticflywasthat.

A.theyhadnomodelintheirmind

B.theydidnothavesufficienttime

C.theyhadnoready-madecomponents

D.theycouldnotassemblethecomponents

答案C

解析细节理解题。细中信息题。由关键词difficulty定位至第二段最后一句话

“Theaddeddifficultywithaprojectlikethisisthatactuallynoneofthosecomponentsareoffshelfandsowehave

todevelopthemallonourown.”意为这个项目的困难实际上在于所需的元件都没有现成的，需要我们自己开

发。on[heshelf（现货供应）与ready-made（现成的）同义。因此，正确答案为C。

2.间接信息题——断章取义法

间接辨认不仅要求读者能从阅读材料中直接获取信息，还要将获得的信息用同义或近义的语言形式复述出

来。

〃阅读题干，有针对性地扫读原文，锁定相关词

句等信息。

仔细比较选项和原文信息，选择正确或最佳

断幸取义法＜

的答案。

准确理解每个选项的意思，寻找与原文信息

相关的同义词、近义词或反义词。

【典例剖析】

Everyyearsince1818,thepeopleofZurich,Switzerland,celebratethebeginningofspringbyblowingupa

snowman.OnthethirdMondayofApril,theholidayScchsclautcniskickedoffwhenacottonsnowmancalledthe

Bodggisstuffedwithexplosiveandparadedthroughtownbybakersandothertradesmenwhothrowbreadtothe

crowds.

68.InZurich,theblowingupoftheBodggsymbolizes.

A.thestartof(heparadeB.thecomingofalongersummer

C.thepassingofthewinterD.thesuccessoftradesmen

答案C

解析细节理解题。根据本段"hepeopleofZurich,Switzerland,celebratethebeginningofspringbyblowingup

asnowman."可知，答案C用thepassingof(hewinter同义表达thebeginningofspring

3.排序题——首尾排除法

这种试题要求考生根据事情发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件的正确顺序。做此类试题时

可笑用“首尾排除法“，即先找出第一件事情和最后一件事情，使用排除法迅速缩小范围，从而快速选出正确

选项：也可使用“代入淘汰法”按顺序逐一排除，得出正确选项。

【典例剖析】

Aschoolgirlsavedherfather'slifebykickinghiminthechestafterhesufferedaseriousallergic（过敏的）

reactionwhichsloppedhisheart.

Izzy,nine,restartedherfatherColm'sheartbystamping(踩)onhischestafterhefelldownathomeand

stoppedbreathing.

Izzy'smother,Debbie,immediatelycalled999butIzzyknewdoctorswouldneverarriveintimetosaveher

father,sodecidedtouseCPR.

However,shequicklydiscoveredherarmsweren'tstrongenough,soshestampedonherfather'schest

instead.

Debbiethentookoverwithsomemoreconventionalchestcompressions（按压）untiltheambulancearrived.

Izzy,whohasbeengivenabraveryawardbyherschool,said："Ijustkickedhimreallyhard.Mymumtaught

meCPRbutIknewIwasn'tstrongenoughtousehands.Iwasquitescared.ThedoctorsaidImightaswellbea

doctororanurse.MymumsaidthatDadwasgoingtohospitalwithabigfootprintonhischest.^^

40.What'stherightorderoftheevents?

①IzzykickedColm.

②Debbiecalled999.

③IzzylearnedCPR.

④Colm'sheartstopped.

A.③®®©B.④②③①

C.③®®①D.④③®®

答案c

解析事件排序题。根据文章的叙述可知，女孩以前就学会了CPR,在父亲的心脏停止跳动之后，她的母

亲先拨打了999,女孩想要在救护车到来前对父亲进行急救，却发现自己的手臂力气不够用，才采用踩父亲

胸部的方式。故选C。

4.数字计算题——查读分析法

此类试题在文章中直接表现出事实细节，但要经过具体的计算才能得出正确答案。具体可以是对年代、月

份、费用等计算。此类题目宜采用“查读分析法”，即先阅读题干，然后对文中相关的数字、时间、年代等作

出标记，按照一定的规律分门别类地列出相关数字，然后进行简单的计算。

【典例剖析】

Mothershavelongknownthattheirhomeworkloadwasjustasheavyaspaidwork.Now,thenewstudyhas

shownthatiftheywerepaidfortheirparentallabours,theywouldearnasmuchas£172,000ayear.

Thestudylookedattherangeofjobsmothersdo,aswellasthehourstheyareworking,todeterminethe

figure.Thiswouldmaketheiryearlyincome£30,000morethanthePrimeMinisterearns.

38.HowmuchwouldamotherearnayearifworkingasthePrimeMinister?

A.£30,000.B.£142,000.

C.£172,000.D.£202,000.

答案B

解析数字计算题。根据文中的“..theywouldearnasmuchas£172,000ayear."以及"Thiswouldmaketheir

yearlyincome£30,000morethanthePrimeMinisterearns.”可知，总理的工资是£172000—£30000=£142

00Co故选择

课强WM

1.直接信息题——题干定位法

【节选片段】

RosaParks(1913—2005)

OnDecember1,1995,inMontgomery,Alabama,RosaParkswouldnotgiveupherseatonabustoawhite

pas-ienger.HersimpleactlandedParksinprison.ButitalsosetofftheMontgomerybusboycott.ltlastedformore

thanayear,andkickedoffthecivil-rightsmovement/'TheonlytiredIwas,wastiredofgivingin,“saidParks.

23.Whomadeagreatcontributiontothecivil-rightsmovementintheU.S.?

A.JaneAddams.B.RachelCarson.

C.SandraDayO'Connor.D.RosaParks.

答案D

解析细节理解题。此类题目适合寻读法，带着问题找句子，印先看问题，记住关键词，如人物、时间、

事件、地点等，然后带着问题阅读文章，快速定位有效信息，有的放矢。首先根据题干中的“civil-rights”可

将答案锁定在“RosaParks”一栏中；根据本段中的“HersimpleactlandedParksinprison...andkickedoffthe

civil-rightsmovement.”可知,RosaParks推动了美国民权运动，故D正确。

2.间接信息题——断章取义法

【节选片段】

Fromtheverybeginningofschoolwemakebooksandreadingaconstantsourceofpossiblefailureandpublic

humiliation.Whcnchildrenarelittlewemakethemreadaloud,beforetheteacherandotherchildren,sothatwecan

besurethey“know”allthewordstheyarcrcading.Thismeansthatwhentheydon'tknowaword,theyaregoingto

makeamistake,rightinfrontofeveryone.Afterhavingtaughtfifth-gradeclassesforfouryears,Idecidedtotryat

allcoststoridthemoftheirfearanddislikeofbooks,andtogetthemtoreadoftenerandmoreadventurously.

41.Accordingtothepassage,children^fearanddislikeofbooksmayresultfrom.

A.readinglittleandthinkinglittle

B.readingoftenandadventurously

C.beingmadetoreadtoomuch

D.beingmadetoreadaloudbeforeothers

答案D

解析细节理解题。题干的意思是：根据文章，孩子们害怕或者不喜欢读书是因为o根据本段第

二、三句"Whenchildrenarelittlewemakethemreadaloud,beforetheteacherandotherchildren,sothatwecan

besurethey'know'allthewordstheyarereading.Thismeansthatwhentheydon'tknowaword,theyaregoing(o

makeamistake,rightinfrontofeveryone.”可知孩子们被要求当众大声朗读，当他们不认识单词的时候，他

们会犯错，而且是在所有的人面前犯错，这会让他们害怕。此题没有直接答案而是用一种同义表达的形式

提示答案。

3.排序题——首尾排除法

【节选片段】

Inmanycountriesoftheworld,peoplecanconfidentlytellyouthemeaningoftheirtownorcity,butmost

peoplewholiveinManchester,OxfordorBirminghamwouldnotbeabletoexplainwhatthenameoftheircity

means.ThenameofeveryBritishtownandcity,however,hasalonghistory.

Twothousandyearsago,mostpeoplelivinginBritainwereCelts........

ThisiswhytherearcsomanyplacenamesinEnglandwhichendin”-Chester”or"-caster”-Manchester,for

example............

TheRomansneverreachedWalesorScotland,andmanyplacenamesthereareCekic.........

AftertheRomansleftBritain,itwasattackedbytribescalledtheAnglo-Saxonswhowerefromtheareaof

Europe(hatisnowGermanyandHclland............

Twelvehundredyearsago,theVikingscametoEnglandfromScandinavia.Theytradedwiththe

Anglo-Saxonsbutlivedintheirownvillages..........

Finally,in1066,EnglandbecameNorman-theNormansgaveustheplacename“grange”,whichmeans

farm...........

58.Whichofthefollowingshows(hecorrectorderof(hearrivalofinhabitantsinBritain?

A.TheCelts-TheRomans-TheVikings-TheNormans-TheAngloSaxons

B.TheRomans-TheCelts-TheVikings-TheAngloSaxons-TheNormans

C.TheCelts-TheRomans-TheAngloSaxons-ThcVikings-TheNormans

D.TheRomans-TheAngloSaxons-TheCelts-TheNormans-TheVikings

答案C

解析事件排序题。通读全文，根据文章的叙述可知，特别每段开头，得出英国原居民的居住先后次序为

TheCelts-TheRomans-TheAngloSaxons-TheVikings-TheNormans故选C。

4.数字计算题——查读分析法

【节选片段】

OfferLimitedto40perhousehold2020AmericanSilverEagleCoin

Yourcost

1-4Coins$38.95each+s/h

5-9Coins$38.45each+s/h

10-19Coins$37.95each+s//i

20-40Coins$37.45each\s/h

Note:$10.v/(shippingandhandling)foreachpurchase

Forfastestservice,calltoll-free24hoursaday

1-888-201-7143

OfferCodeASE177-(34

Ple：i《ementionlhi\codewhenyoiicalL

60.Ifyoubuysix2012U.S.MintSilverEaglesbypost,youshouldpayatleast.

A.230.7B.233.7C.240.7D.243.7

答案C

解析细节理解题。根据文中图片旁边的内容“5-9Coins$38.45...”和图片下面的Note：$10s/h(shippingand

handling)foreachpurchase。可知，你应该付费：6x$38.45+$10=$240.7。故选C项。

(A)

JackLondon,oneofAmerica'smajorwritersofadventuretales,wasborninCaliforniain1876.Duringhis

life,Londonworkedatmanyjobs.Hisbroadlifeexperienceswouldbecomethebackgroundforhiswriting.

Londonlovedtoread.Asateenager,hespentmanyhourseducatinghimselfattheOakland,California,public

library.HeattendedcollegeattheUniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeley,buthestayedforonlysixmonths.He

thoughtBerkeleywasunotlivelyenough”andwantedtodosomethingmoreexciting.

Londonwrotestoriesaboutworkingpeopleandthehardtimestheyhadmakingaliving.Heknewtheir

problemsfirsthand.Heworkedasasailor,farmer,factoryemployee,railroadworker,andgoldprospector,toname

justafewofhismanyjobs.

LondongrewupnearthewaterfrontinOakland.Helovedthewater.Whenhewasfifteenyearsold.hebought

asmallsailboatcalledasloop.LaterhesailedtoJapanonaschooner,whichisamuchlargersailingboat.Like

manypeopleofthetime,LondoncaughttheKlondikeGoldRushFever.In1897,heheadedfbrAlaska.Hedidn't

findgold,buthediscoveredsomethingevenmorevaluable.Hediscoveredthatpeopleenjoyedlisteningtothe

storieshemadeupwithhisvividimagination.Londonentertainedtheminerswithstoryafterstory.Later,usinghis

experiencesduringtheGoldRush,hecreatedmanymorecolorfulstories.

Londonresolvedtoliveafull,excitinglife.Heoncesaid,“Iwouldratherbeasuperbmeteor(流星)，every

atomofmeinmagnificentglow,thanasleepyandpermanentplanet.^Eachday,hepushedhimself.OnceLondon

determinedthathewasgoingtobeawriter,nothingcouldstophim.Hisgoalwastowriteatleastonethousand

wordseveryday.Herefusedtostopevenwhenhewassick.Ineighteenyears,thewriterpublishedfifty-onebooks

andhundredsofarticles.Hewasthebest-sellingandhighest-paidauthorofhisday.Manypeoplealsoconsidered

himtobethebestwriter.WhiteFangandTheCalloftheWildarehismostfamousstoriesandareaboutsurviving

intheAlaskanwilderness.ReaderscanenjoyJackLondon'senergyandhistalentfortellingwonderfulstorieseach

timetheyopenoneofhisnovels.

1.WhywasJackLondonabletowriteonmanytopics?

A.Hepushedhimselftoreachgoals.

B.Hehadavarietyofexperiencesandjobs.

C.HewasdrawntotheKlondikeGoldRush.

D.Hewasthebest-sellingandhighest-paidauthor.

2.WhatpreventedJackLondonfromfinishingcollege?

A.ThathewashiredtosailtoJapan.

B.ThathetraveledtoAlaskain1897.

C.Thathespentmuchofhistimewriting.

D.Thathewasnotinterestedincollegelifeenough.

3.TheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphindicatesthatJackLondon.

A.isexpertatuniverse

B.aimshighandstrivestosucceed

C.isexcitedaboutlifeinthewildness

D.facesachoicebetweenlifeanddeath

4.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage?

A.TosupportthestatementthatLondonwasthe“bestwriter''.

B.TodescribelifeduringtheKlondikeGoldRush.

C.ToprovideinformationonJackLondon'slife.

D.ToidentifybookswrittenbyJackLondon.

答案：BDBC

【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了杰克・伦敦，一位美国作家，场销小说"CalloftheWiki”（野性的呼唤）及

“WhiteFang”（白牙）的作者，他也是名记者及社会运动家，支持社会主义及工会的建立。他有一句格言：人

生不只是握有一副好牌，有时候也要把一副坏牌打好。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段Duringhislife,Londonworkedatmanyjobs.Hisbroadlifeexperienceswouldbecome

thebackgroundforhiswriting.得知，杰克・伦敦能写出很多话题是因为他有很多工作和很丰富的人生经历。

故选B。

【2题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段HeattendedcollegeattheUniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeley,buthestayedforonly

sixmonths.HethoughtBerkeleywas"notlivelyenough,,andwantedtodosomethingmoreexciting.得知，杰

克・伦敦没有完成加州大学的学业，因为他认为这个大学生活不是那么有趣。故选D。

【3题详解】

句意猜测题。根据画线句后的Eachday,hepushedhimself.OnceLondondeterminedthathewasgoingtohea

wriier,nothingcouldstophim.Hisgoalwastowriteatleastonethousandwordseveryday.Herefusedtostop

evenwhenhewassick.得知，杰克•伦敦目标远大，一旦他下定决心，就全力以赴。画线句是“宁化飞灰不

作浮尘”的意思。故选B。

【4题详解】

推理判断题。根据全文得知，本文介绍了美国作家杰克•伦敦的人生经历。故选C。

（B）

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SunshineCoastandMontrille(tourB410)

AdultConcessionChild

Departs:Tuesday,ThursdayandSaturday8:45am.

$107$102$67

Returns:5:30pm.

ThistourtakesyouthroughtherickheritageofthespectacularSunshineCoasthinterlandwithvisitstoMontvillc

fairiousforitscraftshopsandrestaurants,andMooloolaba.

-hometoUnderwaterworld-GingerFactory-Superbee-MontvlleVillage-Mooloolaba

Pricesincludesfullyair-conditionedtouring,entryfeesandCBDhotelpickup.Childpolicy:under4years-freeof

charge,4-l4years-asquotedabove.Exclusiondate25/12/16(forotherdatespleasecheckwithyourconsultant).

5.Ifyouwishtocompletetwotoursinoneday,youwouldprobablychoose.

A.SunshineCoastandMontvilleTourandBrisbaneHighlightswithKoalaSanctuaryTour

B.BrisbaneCityMorningTourandBrisbaneHighlightswithKoalaSanctuaryTour

C.BrisbaneCityMorningTourandSunshineCoastandNoosaTour

D.SunshineCoastandNoosaTourandSunshineCoastandMontvillcTour

6.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.VisitorsmaylearnthecolonialhistoryofBrisbaneRiverfromKangarooPointCliffs.

B.VisitorsmayhaveacloselookatanimalsinSunshineCoastandNoosaTour.

C.IfyouwanttovisitUnderwaterWorld,youmaychooseBrisbaneCityMomingTour.

D.If2adultsand2children,aged3and9,attendtourB410.theyshouldpay$281.

7.Whatisthetoneofthistourguideinformationbooklet?

A.Welcomingandhumorous.B.Warmandinviting.

C.Modestandinitiative.D.Casualandcompulsory.

答案：BDB

【解析】本篇文章是一则旅行指南，文章主要描写了去布里斯班的四种旅行计划，分别描述了四个计划的

主题、航班、出发和回归时间、票价、景点和旅游路线等

5.解析：B,细节题。在一天之内完成两次旅行，我们只要注意旅行路线的出发和回归时间就好，因此，第

一班和第二班的时间分别是上午9:00点出发，上午11:45回来，下午1:15出发，5:00回来，符合题意，因

此选Bo

6.解析：D。正误刿断题。A选项，要知道布里斯班的殖民地历史，应该是第一个旅行计划；B选项，看动

物应该是第二个计划；C选项，参观水下世界，应该是第三个计划；D选项，两个成人107乘以2,再加上

一个4岁以上的儿童票，总价281;因此选D。

7.解析：B,通读全篇文章，不难理解该旅行指南类文章的语气，选B,此题较简单。

(C)

Depressionhurts,Prozaccanhelp

Depressionisn'tjustfeelingdown.It'sarealillnesswithrealcauses.Depressioncanbetriggeredbystressful

lifeevents,likedivorceoradeathinthefamily.Oritcanappearsuddenly,fornoapparentreason.

Somepeoplethinkyoucanjustwillyourselfoutofadepression.That'snottrue.Manydoctorsbelievethat

onethingthatmaycausedepressionisanimbalanceofserotonin—achemicalinyourbody.Ifthishappens,you

mayhavetroublesleeping.Feelunusuallysadorirritableeasily.Findithardtoconcentrate.Loseyourappetite.

Lackenergy.Orhavetroublefeelingpleasure.Thesearesomeof（hesymptomsthatcanpointtodepression一

especiallyiftheylastformorethanacoupleofweeksandifnormal,everydaylifefeelsliketoomuchtohandle.

Tohelpfightdepression,themedicinedoctorsnowprescribe（开处方）mostoftenisProzac.Prozacisn'ta

“happyIt'snotatranquilizer（IS-#^11）.Itwon'tturnyouintoadifferentperson.

Somepeopledoexperiencemildsideeffects,likeupsetstomach,headaches,difficultysleeping,sleepiness,

anxietyandnervousness.Thesetendtogoawaywithinafewweeksofstartingtreatment,andusuallyaren't

seriousenoughtomakemostpeoplestoptakingit.However,ifyouareconcernedaboutasideeffect,orifyou

developarash（皮疹），tellyourdoctorrightaway.Anddon'tforgettotellyourdoctoranyothermedicinesyou

aretaking.SomepeopleshouldnottakeProzac,especiallypeopleonMAOinhibitors（单胺抑制剂）.

Asyoustartfeelingbelter,yourdoctorcansuggesttherapyorothermeanstohelpyouworkthroughyour

depression.Prozachasbeencarefullystudiedfornearly10years.Butremember,Prozacisaprescription

medicine,anditisn'trightforeveryone.OnlyyourdoctorcandecideifProzacisrightforyou—orforsomeone

youlove.Prozachasbeenprescribedformorethan17millionAmericans.Chancesaresomeoneyouknowis

feelingsunnyagainbecauseofit.

8.A1IthefollowingaretrueEXCEPT.

A.Iliseasytogetridofdepressionthroughtremendousdetermination.

B.Sleepdisorderischaracteristicofdepressionsymptoms.

C.Depressioncanbecausedbyacombinationoffactors.

D.Depressionisapsychologicalstatetakingtheformoflowmood.

9.WhatcanwelearnaboutProzacfromthispieceofinformation?

A.Prozacisanewly-developeddrugtotreatdepression.

B.PatientswhotakeProzaccanexperienceseveresideeffects.

C.AmedicalprescriptionisnecessaryforProzac.

D.Over17millionAmericanshavebeencuredbyProzac.

10.Thispieceofinformationismostprobably.

A.anintroductiontoascientificproject

B.apartofprescriptiondruginstructions

C.apartofaresearchreportinamedicaljournal

D.anadvertisementofamedicinefbrdepression

【答案】ACD

【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种可以帮助对抗抑郁症的处方药——百忧解。

【8题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Somepeoplethinkyoucanjustwillyourselfoutofadepression.That'snot

true.Manydoctorsbelievethatonethingthatmaycausedepressionisanimbalanceofserotonin-achemicalin

yourbody.Ifthishappens,youmayhavetroublesleeping.Feelunusuallysadorirritableeasily.Findithardto

concentrate.Loseyourappetite.Lackenergy.Orhavetroublefeelingpleasure.Thesearesomeof:hesymptoms

thalcanpointtodepression”可知，有些人认为你可以让自己走出抑郁，那不是真的，许多医生认为，有一件

事可能会导致抑郁，那就是体内的化学物质5-羟色胺不平衡，如果发生这种情况，你可能会失眠、容易感

到异常悲伤或易怒、很难集中注意力、没有食欲、缺乏活力、或者感觉不到快乐，这些症状可能会导致抑

郁，因此，”通过巨大的决心很容易摆脱抑郁”这一说法是错误的，故A项正确。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段中6勺“Tohelpfightdepression,themedicinedoctorsnowprescribe（开处方）most

。仕enisProzac.“可知，为了对抗抑郁，医生现在最常开的药是百忧解，也就是说百忧解需要开医疗处方，故

C项正确。

【10题详解】

推理判断题。通读全文特别是根据标题“Depressionhurts,Prozaccanhelp”可知，本文主要介绍的是一种

可以帮助对抗抑郁的处方药——百忧解，因此文章最有可能是抑郁症药物的广告，故D项正确。

D

Thesedays,nobodyneedstocook.Familiesgrazeonhigh-choles(eroltake-awaysandmicrowaved

ready-meals.Cookingisanoccasionalhobbyandavehicleforcelebritychefs.

Whichmakesitoddthatthekitchenhasbecometheheartofthemodemhouse,whatthegreathallwastothe

medievalcastle,thekitchenistothe21st-centuryhome.

Themoneyspentonkitchenshasrisenwiththeirstatus.InAmericathekitchenmarketisnowworth$170

billion,fivetimesthecountry'sfilmindustry.IntheyeartoAugust2007,IKEA,aSwedishfurniturechain,sold

overonemillionkitchensworldwide.Theaveragebudgetfora"major"kitchenoverhaulin2036,calculates

Remodelingmagazine,wasastaggering$54,000,evena"minor"improvementcostonaverage$18,0i)0.

Exclusivity,morefamiliarintheworldofhighfashion,hasreachedthekitchen:Robinson&Comish.aBritish

manufacturerofcustom-madekitchens,offersaGeorgian-style.onewhichwo